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    Exercises Geometric Imaging 1

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    Exercises Geometric Imaging

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    Exercises Geometric Imaging 1

    Uploaded by

    gomson
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    Exercises Geometric Imaging

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    Exercises Geometric Imaging

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    67 views3 pages

    Exercises Geometric Imaging 1

    Uploaded by

    gomson
    Exercises Geometric Imaging

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    INF-GEO4310

    Exercises, Geometrical Optics, Part 1


    1 Reflection by a symmetric triangular prism
    Let be the angle between the two faces of a symmetric triangular prism. Let the edge A
    where the two faces meet be perpendicular to the plane which contains the incident and
    emergent rays.

    Two parallel beams of light are reflected off the two symmetric faces of the prism.

    a. Show that the angle between the two reflected beams is twice the angle
    between the two reflecting surfaces.

    2 Refraction in plane parallel slab of glass


    a. Verify the expressions for the displacements d and l in section 2.2.3.1

    3 Dispersion in a plane parallel slab of glass


    Assume that a thin beam is incident on a plane parallel slab of glass in air, as in section
    2.2.3.1. But now the beam is not monochromatic; it is white light, so the beam is spread
    out into a spectrum as it passes through the slab.

    a. Will the emerging rays of different colors be parallel or not?


    b. What determines the thickness of the beam as it exits the slab?
    Fritz Albregtsen 2009

    4 Critical angle and total internal reflection


    Assume that we have a a semi-circular bowl of water at 25C. A light-ray from a 632.8
    nm laser enters perpendicular to the surface 4/10 of the radius from the bowl centre.
    We want to obtain grazing refraction and total internal reflection of the light beam that is
    reflected towards the water / air interface.

    a. Does the material of the bowl play any role in this?


    b. How much do we have to raise the refractive index of the water by
    increasing the salinity?
    30

    -30
    -30

    30

    5 Atmospheric refraction
    Make the simplifying assumption that the Earths atmosphere is uniform (thus having a
    uniform index of refraction), and that it extends to a height h. Beyond that, we assume
    that there is vacuum.The Earths radius is R.

    a. Verify that as we observe an object setting on the horizon, under these


    assumptions it is actually an angle below the horizon, given by

    nR
    R
    arcsin

    R+h
    R+h

    = arcsin

    b. Calculate for R = 6378 km and h = 20 km. Assume that n = 1.0003.


    c. How does this compare to the statements about atmospheric refraction
    in section 2.3.3.9 ?

    Fritz Albregtsen 2009

    6 Air mass
    Air mass is the optical path length through Earth's atmosphere for light from a celestial
    source. It is normally given relative to that at the zenith, so by definition, the airmass at
    the zenith is 1. The airmass (m) increases as the angle (z) between the source and the
    zenith increases. In the text for this course we have used a very simple approximation:

    m=

    1
    cos( z )

    This expression is based on an


    assumption of a homogeneous planeparallel atmosphere, in which the
    density is constant and curvature is
    ignored. However, the Earth is not flat,
    and while our approximate airmass
    becomes infinite at the horizon, the
    horizontal airmass in the real, curved
    atmosphere is usually less than 40.

    a. Write a simple program to verify some of the other approximations


    given below:
    Young and Irvine (1967):
    Hardie (1962):
    Rozenberg (1966)
    Kasten and Young (1989)

    Young (1994)

    Good luck!

    Fritz Albregtsen 2009

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