Thermo Questions 1

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Thermodynamics Questions

1 minute questions

Q1. Suppose 85 kJ of heat is supplied to a closed system at constant volume. During the next
process, the system rejects 90 kJ of heat at constant pressure while 20 kJ of work is done on
it. The system is brought to the original state by an adiabatic process. The initial internal
energy is 100 kJ. Determine the quantity of work transfer during the process.

Ans: 15 kJ

Q2. A steam turbine receives steam steadily at 10 bar with an enthalpy of 3000 kJ/kg and
discharges at 1 bar with an enthalpy of 2700 kJ/kg. The power output is 3.5 MW and the
mass flow rate is 12 kg/s. Ignoring the changes in KE and PE, determine the rate of heat
transfer from the turbine casing to the surroundings.

Ans: 100 W

Q3. An electric motor of 5 kW is subjected to a braking test for 1 hour. The heat generated
by the frictional forces in the process is transferred to the surroundings at 200C. Calculate
the entropy change in the process.

Ans: 61.43 kJ/K

Q4. If an engine of 40% thermal efficiency drives a refrigerator having a COP of 5, determine
the heat input to the engine per kJ of heat removed from the cold body by the refrigerator.

Ans: 0.5 kJ

Q5. A heat pump is used to heat a house in the winter and then reversed to cool the house
in the summer. The inside temperature of the house is to be maintained at 200C. The heat
transfer through the house walls is 7.9 kJ/s and the outside temperature in winter is 50C.
Calculate the minimum power required to drive the heat pump.

Ans: 404.43 W

Q6. The refrigerating efficiency of a refrigeration cycle is 0.8, the condenser and evaporator
temperature are 510C and -300C, respectively. Calculate the work requirement for cooling
capacity of 2.4 kW of the plant.

Ans: 1 kW

Q7. Experiments indicate that about 0.522 kW/m2 of energy can be collected on a plate
operating at 850C. This energy is to be transferred to a heat engine to produce 1 kW of
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useful shaft power. The heat engine rejects heat to atmosphere at 250C. Determine the
efficiency of the heat engine and minimum collector area of the plate.

Ans: 16.76 % and 11.43 m2

Q8. Two moles of an ideal gas is isothermally and reversibly expanded from 10 to 1 atm. The
external pressure is constant at 1 atm and the temperature is 300 K. Calculate the useful
work done in the process (R = 8.3 J/mol K).

Ans: 6.984 kJ

Q9. A gas turbine develops 120 kJ of work while the compressor absorbs 60 kJ of work and
the heat supplied is 200 kJ. If a regenerator which would recover 40% of the heat in the
exhaust were used, determine the increase in the overall thermal efficiency.

Ans: 5.7%

Q10. Air expands from pressure P1 to P2 (P2 = P1/10). If the process of expansion is
isothermal, the volume at the end of the expansion is 0.55 m3. If the process of expansion is
adiabatic, determine the volume at the end of the expansion.

Ans: 0.285 m3

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Numerical Answer Questions

Q1. The emf in a thermocouple with the test junction at T0C on gas thermometer scale and
reference junction at ice point is given by

= 0.2 510+, -

The mV is calibrated at ice and steam points. Calculate the emf reading at 500C and
corresponding reading of this thermometer where the gas thermometer reads 500C.

Ans: 52.170C

Q2. In a manufacturing plant, it is required to melt iron at a rate of 1.4 kg/s, from initial
temperature 250C to molten metal at 17000C. For this, an electric furnace of efficiency 80%
is to be used. The melting point of iron is 15350C, latent heat is 270 kJ/kg and the specific
heats in solid and liquid states are 0.502 kJ/kg K and 0.518 kJ/kg K respectively. The density
of molten metal is 6900 kg/m3 . The furnace volume should be three times the flow rate of
the metal per hour. Calculate the kW rating of the electric furnace.

Ans: 1.948 MW

Q3. A system composed of 5 kg of a substance expands from an initial pressure 500 kPa and
a volume 0.3 m3 to a final pressure 101 kPa for which pv1.2=constant. The internal energy
(kJ) of the system is found to be a function of pressure (kPa) and volume (m3) of the
substance as

= 3.6 + 90

The expansion is quasi static process. Determine the net change in internal energy of the
system and net heat transfer to the system.

Ans: -122.91 kJ and 47.79 kJ

Q4. A reversible heat engine operates between two temperature limits of 6270C and 470C.
The engine is used to drive a reversible refrigerator which operates between reservoirs at
temperatures 470C and -230C. The heat transfer to the engine is 2400 kJ and the net work
output of the combined plant is 450 kJ. Estimate the cooling effect of the refrigerant and the
net heat transfer to the reservoir at 470C.

Ans: 3916.67 kJ and 4754.28 kJ

Q5. One kg of water is to be heated from an initial temperature of 250C to 1000C by using
thermal reservoirs. The specific heat of water is 4.186 kJ/kg. Calculate the entropy change of
the universe if heating is done in single stage from 250C to 1000 by a reservoir at
temperature of 1000C. What is the entropy change of the universe if heating is done in first
by contact with thermal reservoir at 620C and then by another reservoir at temperature
1000C?
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Ans: 0.0276 kJ/K and 0.0233 kJ/K

Q6. A copper rod has a length of 2m and a diameter 0.02m. One end if the rod is at 1500C
and the other end is at 100C. The rod is perfectly insulated along its length and the thermal
conductivity of copper is 380 W/mK. Calculate the rate of heat transfer along the rod. Also
calculate the rate of entropy production due to irreversibility of the heat transfer.

Ans: 8.357 kW and 0.00969 kJ/K

Q7. A thermally insulated 100 resistor carries a current of 2A for 1 sec. The initial
temperature of the resistor is 100C, its mass is 10g and its specific heat is 0.85 kJ/kg K.
Calculate the entropy changes of the resistor and the universe, separately.

Ans: 1.307 kJ/K

Q8. 15 kg of water at 850C is mixed with 25 kg of water at 350C, the pressure being taken as
constant and the temperature of the surroundings being maintained at 150C. Determine the
temperatures of water after mixing, and the decrease in AE.

Ans: 130.85 kJ

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MindVis

GATE 2017 Online Preparation Course

Numerical Answer Questions

Ans: 0.0276 kJ/K and 0.0233 kJ/K

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