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    Anne Frank's Childhood

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    TravisJones
    Anne Frank was a young Jewish girl who lived in Germany but fled to the Netherlands with her family in 1933 to escape Nazi persecution. In 1942, Anne and her family went into hiding in an attic apartment in Amsterdam to avoid being deported by the Nazis. Anne passed the time in hiding by writing in her diary about her experiences. In 1944, the Franks and others in hiding were discovered by the Gestapo and sent to concentration camps, where Anne and her sister died at Bergen-Belsen. After the war, Anne's diary was published and became one of the most widely read accounts of the Holocaust.

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    Anne Frank's Childhood

    Uploaded by

    TravisJones
    32 views3 pages
    Anne Frank was a young Jewish girl who lived in Germany but fled to the Netherlands with her family in 1933 to escape Nazi persecution. In 1942, Anne and her family went into hiding in an attic apartment in Amsterdam to avoid being deported by the Nazis. Anne passed the time in hiding by writing in her diary about her experiences. In 1944, the Franks and others in hiding were discovered by the Gestapo and sent to concentration camps, where Anne and her sister died at Bergen-Belsen. After the war, Anne's diary was published and became one of the most widely read accounts of the Holocaust.

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    Anne Frank

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    Anne Frank

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    Anne Frank was a young Jewish girl who lived in Germany but fled to the Netherlands with her family in 1933 to escape Nazi persecution. In 1942, Anne and her family went into hiding in an attic apartment in Amsterdam to avoid being deported by the Nazis. Anne passed the time in hiding by writing in her diary about her experiences. In 1944, the Franks and others in hiding were discovered by the Gestapo and sent to concentration camps, where Anne and her sister died at Bergen-Belsen. After the war, Anne's diary was published and became one of the most widely read accounts of the Holocaust.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as odt, pdf, or txt
    32 views3 pages

    Anne Frank's Childhood

    Uploaded by

    TravisJones
    Anne Frank was a young Jewish girl who lived in Germany but fled to the Netherlands with her family in 1933 to escape Nazi persecution. In 1942, Anne and her family went into hiding in an attic apartment in Amsterdam to avoid being deported by the Nazis. Anne passed the time in hiding by writing in her diary about her experiences. In 1944, the Franks and others in hiding were discovered by the Gestapo and sent to concentration camps, where Anne and her sister died at Bergen-Belsen. After the war, Anne's diary was published and became one of the most widely read accounts of the Holocaust.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as odt, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Anne Frank

    A young Jewish girl named Anne Frank (1929-1945), her parents and older sister moved to the
    Netherlands from Germany after Adolf Hilter and the Nazis came to power there in 1933 and made life
    increasingly difficult for Jews. In 1942, Frank and her family went into hiding in a secret apartment
    behind her fathers business in German-occupied Amsterdam. The Franks were discovered in 1944 and
    sent to concentration camps; only Annes father survived. Anne Franks diary of her familys time in
    hiding, first published in 1947, has been translated into almost 70 languages and is one of the most
    widely read accounts of the Holocaust.

    Anne Franks Childhood


    Anne Frank was born Anneliese Marie Frank in Frankfurt, Germany, on June 12, 1929, to Edith
    Hollander Frank (1900-45) and Otto Frank (1889-1980), a prosperous businessman. Less than four
    years later, in January 1933, Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany and he and his Nazi
    government instituted a series of measures aimed at persecuting Germanys Jewish citizens.
    Did You Know?

    In 1960, the building at Prinsengracht 263, home to the Secret Annex, opened to the public as a
    museum devoted to the life of Anne Frank. Her original diary is on display there.
    By the fall of 1933, Otto Frank moved to Amsterdam, where he established a small but successful
    company that produced a gelling substance used to make jam. After staying behind in Germany with
    her grandmother in the city of Aachen, Anne joined her parents and sister Margot (1926-45) in the
    Dutch capital in February 1934. In 1935, Anne started school in Amsterdam and earned a reputation as
    an energetic, popular girl.
    In May 1940, the Germans, who had entered World War II in September of the previous year, invaded
    the Netherlands and quickly made life increasingly restrictive and dangerous for Jewish people there.
    Between the summer of 1942 and September 1944, the Nazis and their Dutch collaborators deported
    more than 100,000 Jews in Holland to extermination camps.

    Anne Franks Family Goes into Hiding


    In early July 1942, after Margot Frank received a letter ordering her to report to a work camp in
    Germany, Anne Franks family went into hiding in an attic apartment behind Otto Franks business,
    located at Prinsengracht 263 in Amsterdam. In an effort to avoid detection, the family left a false trail
    suggesting theyd fled to Switzerland.
    A week after they had gone into hiding, the Franks were joined by Ottos business associate Hermann
    van Pels (1898-1944), along with his wife Auguste (1900-45) and their son Peter (1926-45), who were
    also Jewish. A small group of Otto Franks employees, including his Austrian-born secretary, Miep
    Gies (1909-2010), risked their own lives to smuggle food, supplies and news of the outside world into
    the secret apartment, whose entrance was situated behind a movable bookcase. In November 1942, the
    Franks and Van Pels were joined by Fritz Pfeffer (1889-1944), Miep Gies Jewish dentist.

    Life for the eight people in the small apartment, which Anne Frank referred to as the Secret Annex, was
    tense. The group lived in constant fear of being discovered and could never go outside. They had to
    remain quiet during daytime in order to avoid detection by the people working in the warehouse below.
    Anne passed the time, in part, by chronicling her observations and feelings in a diary she had received
    for her 13th birthday, a month before her family went into hiding.
    Addressing her diary entries to an imaginary friend she called Kitty, Anne Frank wrote about life in
    hiding, including her impressions of the other inhabitants of the Secret Annex, her feelings of
    loneliness and her frustration over the lack of privacy. While she detailed typical teenage issues such as
    crushes on boys, arguments with her mother and resentments toward her sister, Frank also displayed
    keen insight and maturity when she wrote about the war, humanity and her own identity. She also
    penned short stories and essays during her time in hiding.

    The Franks are Captured by the Nazis


    On August 4, 1944, after 25 months in hiding, Anne Frank and the seven others in the Secret Annex
    were discovered by the Gestapo, the German secret state police, who had learned about the hiding place
    from an anonymous tipster (who has never been definitively identified).
    After their arrest, the Franks, Van Pels and Fritz Pfeffer were sent by the Gestapo to Westerbork, a
    holding camp in the northern Netherlands. From there, in September 1944, the group was transported
    by freight train to the Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination and concentration camp complex in Germanoccupied Poland. Anne and Margot Frank were spared immediate death in the Auschwitz gas chambers
    and instead were sent to Bergen-Belsen, a concentration camp in northern Germany. In March 1945,
    the Frank sisters died of typhus at Bergen-Belsen; their bodies were thrown into a mass grave. Several
    weeks later, on April 15, 1945, British forces liberated the camp.
    Edith Frank died of starvation at Auschwitz in January 1945. Hermann van Pels died in the gas
    chambers at Auschwitz soon after his arrival there in 1944; his wife is believed to have likely died at
    the Theresienstadt concentration camp in what is now the Czech Republic in the spring of 1945. Peter
    van Pels died at the Mauthausen concentration camp in Austria in May 1945. Fritz Pfeffer died from
    illness in late December 1944 at the Neuengamme concentration camp in Germany. Anne Franks
    father, Otto, was the only member of the group to survive; he was liberated from Auschwitz by Soviet
    troops on January 27, 1945.

    Anne Franks Diary


    When Otto Frank returned to Amsterdam following his release from Auschwitz, Miep Gies gave him
    five notebooks and some 300 loose papers containing Annes writings. Gies had recovered the
    materials from the Secret Annex shortly after the Franks arrest by the Nazis and had hidden them in
    her desk. (Margot Frank also kept a diary, but it was never found.) Otto Frank knew that Anne wanted
    to become an author or journalist, and had hoped her wartime writings would one day be published.
    Anne had even been inspired to edit her diary for posterity after hearing a March 1944 radio broadcast
    from an exiled Dutch government official who urged the Dutch people to keep journals and letters that
    would help provide a record of what life was like under the Nazis.
    After his daughters writings were returned to him, Otto Frank helped compile them into a manuscript
    that was published in the Netherlands in 1947 under the title Het Acheterhuis (Rear Annex).
    Although U.S. publishers initially rejected the work as too depressing and dull, it was eventually
    published in America in 1952 as The Diary of a Young Girl. The book, which went on to sell tens of

    millions of copies worldwide, has been labeled a testament to the indestructible nature of the human
    spirit. It is required reading at schools around the globe and has been adapted for the stage and screen.

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