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    LTE Planning Principles Part II PDF

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    LTE Planning Principles Part II PDF

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    134 views2 pages

    LTE Planning Principles Part II PDF

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous 9GpQMmIw

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Technology Update

    September 2009

    LTE Planning Principles Part II - Soft Frequency Reuse


    To achieve effective performance and mobility careful radio planning needs to be performed. Since
    LTE is very flexible, i.e. it can be deployed in various frequency bands using a mixture of channel
    bandwidths, the actual planning decision is based on various factors, some of which are illustrated
    in the diagram.
    Frequency Allocation
    and Re-farming

    Bandwidth (1.4, 3,
    5, 10, 15 or 20MHz)

    Services
    Offered

    Cell Site Reuse and


    Acquisition

    Factors influencing LTE cell planning


    Frequency
    Reuse Method

    Geographical
    Location

    eNB and UE
    Capabilities

    Cell Planning
    The typical deployment will be based on a three sector site. This is apparent due to historic
    frequency planning methods, vendor implementation and also the fact that allocation of the LTE
    PCI (Physical Cell Identifier) includes a CellID(1) (Cell Identity Group Number) and CellID(2) a (Cell
    Identity Number), the latter is encoded as 0, 1, or 2 to reflect one of the three sectors. There are
    also various scenarios when a two sectored site or an omni directional site would be implemented.
    Frequency Reuse Schemes
    In addition to standard frequency reuse, LTE radio planning can also employ SFR (Soft Frequency
    reuse). To explain the concept of SFR, it is first best to describe FFR (Fractional Frequency
    Reuse) and PFR (Partial Frequency Reuse) schemes. In LTE, OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency
    Division Multiple Access) and SC-FDMA (Single Carrier - Frequency Division Multiple Access) are
    defined. These both utilize 15KHz subcarriers which are then grouped into PRB (Physical
    Resource Blocks), each containing 12 subcarriers equating to 180KHz of spectrum. The diagram
    illustrates this concept.
    12 Subcarriers

    Power

    180KHz

    PRB (Physical
    Resource Block)

    Channel Bandwidth

    E.g. 5MHz
    relates to
    25 PRBs

    Frequency

    There are various options how these Physical Resource Blocks can be allocated, as well as
    implemented for FFR, PFR and SFR. Fractional and partial frequency reuse schemes are both
    fundamentally based on allocating a number of these PRBs in a sector. The main issue with these
    is that they limit the maximum throughput available to a user - since they are not able to allocate
    the full bandwith.

    mpirical limited 2009

    www.mpirical.com

    Technology Update

    In comparison, the concept of Soft Frequency Reuse enables the system to maximize the capacity
    of the network by enabling each sector to utilize the full bandwidth. To do this, SFR adjusts the
    power allocated to certain PRBs in order to mitigate ICI (Inter Cell Interference). It also enables
    the eNB to allocate the full bandwidth (all PRBs at a lower power) to users close to the cell,
    thereby achieving higher peak rates.
    Fractional
    Frequency Reuse

    Soft Frequency
    Reuse
    F1

    Energy
    F1
    F

    F1
    F1

    Channel
    Bandwidth
    E.g. 20MHz

    F1

    F1

    F1
    F1
    F1

    F1

    F1

    F1

    F1
    F1
    F1
    F1
    F1

    F1

    F1

    F1

    F1

    Energy

    F1
    F1

    F
    Energy

    F1
    F1

    F
    Energy

    F1

    F1

    Channel Bandwidth
    E.g. 20MHz

    In addition, the LTE system includes ICIC (Inter-cell Interference Coordination) techniques which
    enable the eNB (Evolved Node B), via the X2 interface (eNB to eNB), to pass overload and high
    interference information. This in turn may be used by the eNB to dynamically adjust the number
    and power of PRBs allocated in a cell. This is implementation specific!
    eNB can modify scheduling to utilize correct
    resources whilst minimizing interference.

    Power
    PRB
    0

    PRB
    1
    Overload and Interference
    Requirements

    RB #

    X2
    eNB

    eNB

    For further information on LTE Radio Planning or any other aspect of LTE operation, why
    not book your place now on one of our LTE courses?

    Next Month!
    SAE and IMS Interworking

    mpirical limited 2009

    www.mpirical.com

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