Corrosion (Final)

Name
Jivakumaran A/L Rajasegaran

Shadeeshkumar A/L Visanathan
INDERJEET ADHIRAJSINGH (LEADER)
Chrishenson
Arwin A/L Jayapalan
Rahmani Abderrahmane
ID
1001233428
1001130036
1001233093
1001231143
1001130397
1001333904
Introduction
Corrosion monitoring may be defined as the systematic
measurement of corrosion rate of equipment with the object of

diagnosis and controlling corrosion.
It can also be used for monitoring efficiency of implementation
of corrosion control system.
Why ?
Prevent contamination of product which affect purity
and quality
Loss of valuable product due to leakage from pipeline
and storage tank
Safety purposes, prevent leakage of hazardous
material.
Failed of equipment like pump and valves
Corrosion Monitoring In Petroleum

Industries
Ultrasonic Thickness gauging
Radiographic Examination
Electrical Resistance Probes
Polarization Resistance probes
Hydrogen Probes
Corrosion Coupons
Ultrasonic Thickness gauging

Measures time taken by a pulse of sound to travel from
outside of a piece of metal, bounce off the opposite wall (or

crack, inclusion, etc.) and return to the surface.
Widely used for thickness monitoring of equipment & piping
systems in Refineries.
Systematic thickness recording & comparison with previous
readings for any deterioration and assessment of corrosion rate.
Diagram
Advantages & Disadvantages of

Ultrasonic Thickness Probe
Advantages
Non-destructive technique
Does not require access to both sides of the sample
Can be engineered to cope with coatings, linings, etc.
Disadvantages
Usually requires calibration for each material
Requires good contact with the material
X-rays are beamed through equipment and expose a film on
opposite side of equipment.

Darkness (density) of the developed film in any given area is
proportional to thinness of the metal.

Cannot be used easily on large diameter or thick walled
vessels.
Diagram

Advantages
Detect surface and internal flaw
Can inspect hidden areas
Minimum part preparation
Disadvantages
Require high degree of skills
Safety hazard very expensive
Electrical Resistance Probes
Metal loss measurements are based on the change in

OHMIC Resistance of test probe elements.
With corrosion, the cross-sectional area of corroding

element reduces, resulting in increase in its electrical
resistance.
The electrical resistance changes are measured using the
wheat stone bridge principle.

ER changes are Time Dependant but results can be
assessed faster than corrosion coupons.

ER Probe remains Installed for its Operational life
Can be Used to Trigger an Alarm
Diagram

Electrical Probe
Advantages
They are applicable to all working environments gases,
liquids, solids, particulate flows.
Direct corrosion rates can be obtained.
Probe remains installed in-line until operational life
has been exhausted.
They respond quickly to corrosion upsets and can be
used to trigger an alarm.
Disadvantages
Require an experience and high skill to operate
Linear Polarization Resistance (LPR)

Probes
Corrosion Rate indicated / measured Instantaneously
A Small Voltage is Applied to an Electrode in Solution

Measurement of Current indicates the Corrosion Rate
Can only be Used in relatively clean water / liquids /
eletrolytes.
Will not Work in Gases or Water/Oil Mixtures
Diagram

LPR
Advantages
The measurement of corrosion rate is made
instantaneously.
Disadvantages
It can only be successfully performed in relatively clean
aqueous electrolytic environments.
Not work in gases or water/oil emulsions where fouling of
the electrodes will prevent measurements being made.
Hydrogen Probes
Hydrogen is a by-product of the corrosion reaction in

acidic solutions.
Hydrogen probes detect hydrogen permeating through

the steel an indication of corrosion rate.
Hydrogen probes are surface mounted.
Detects rate of hydrogen penetration / diffusion

through pipe wall.
Diagram

Hydrogen Probe
Advantages
Provides an indication that corrosion is taking, or has
taken place.
Disadvantages
Hydrogen may be directly absorbed into the fabric of
the plant and produce blistering, embitterment, stress
corrosion.
Corrosion Coupons
Used for detection of corrosion in cooling water system.
The advantages of coupons includes:
Visual interpretation
Deposits can be observed and analyzed and layer effects studied.
Weight loss can be determined.
The degree of localization of corrosion can be observed & measured.
Inhibitor film effects can be observed.
It gives average corrosion rate.
Disadvantages
Only provide integrated corrosion loss data.
Corrosion Monitoring In Chemicals

Industries
Chemical industry includes those manufacturing facilities that
produce bulk or specialty compounds by chemical reactions

between organic and/or inorganic materials.
The design process of a chemical plant should incorporate a
model predicting the probability of corrosion-related failure and

low, moderate, and high corrosion risks.
Such a model allows corrosion engineers to focus on
equipment with a high corrosion risk and to select a cost-effective

corrosion-resistant material.
Challenges facing corrosion

monitoring in the industries
Coupon Technique :
If a corrosion upset occurs, during period of exposure, the
coupon alone cant identify the time of occurrence of the upset,

Depending upon the peak value of the upset and its duration,
may not even register a statistically significant increased

weight loss.

Corrosion under insulation
The development of Nondestructive
testing(NDT)/Nondestructive examination(NDE) technologies

- science and industry to evaluate the properties of a material,
component or system without causing damage.
New measuring techniques for the early detection of CUI in
onshore, offshore, subsea and pipelines.

Wide-area corrosion monitoring
Corrosion monitoring is restricted to single point
measurements.
Corrosion in piping and pressure vessels is rarely uniform and
can be underestimated or missed when using localised

detection methods.
There is no open protocol for how the data is manipulated in
order to display results and it is not possible to cross check
Conclusion
Corrosion monitoring offers an answer to the question of

whether more corrosion is occurring today as compared to
yesterday !
It is possible to qualify the cause of corrosion and quantify its
effect.
Corrosion monitoring remains a valuable weapon in the fight
against corrosion.
Thank you

Corrosion (Final)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Corrosion (Final)

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Corrosion (Final)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Name

Jivakumaran A/L Rajasegaran

measurement of corrosion rate of equipment with the object of

of corrosion control system.

Corrosion Monitoring In Petroleum

Ultrasonic Thickness gauging

Electrical Resistance Probes

Polarization Resistance probes

Ultrasonic Thickness gauging

outside of a piece of metal, bounce off the opposite wall (or

Widely used for thickness monitoring of equipment & piping

Systematic thickness recording & comparison with previous

readings for any deterioration and assessment of corrosion rate.

Advantages & Disadvantages of

opposite side of equipment.

proportional to thinness of the metal.

Advantages & Disadvantages of

Electrical Resistance Probes

Metal loss measurements are based on the change in

With corrosion, the cross-sectional area of corroding

wheat stone bridge principle.

assessed faster than corrosion coupons.

Can be Used to Trigger an Alarm

Advantages & Disadvantages of

Linear Polarization Resistance (LPR)

A Small Voltage is Applied to an Electrode in Solution

Advantages & Disadvantages of

Hydrogen is a by-product of the corrosion reaction in

Hydrogen probes detect hydrogen permeating through

Hydrogen probes are surface mounted.

Detects rate of hydrogen penetration / diffusion

Advantages & Disadvantages of

The advantages of coupons includes:

Deposits can be observed and analyzed and layer effects studied.

Weight loss can be determined.

The degree of localization of corrosion can be observed & measured.

Inhibitor film effects can be observed.

It gives average corrosion rate.

Corrosion Monitoring In Chemicals

produce bulk or specialty compounds by chemical reactions

model predicting the probability of corrosion-related failure and

equipment with a high corrosion risk and to select a cost-effective

Challenges facing corrosion

If a corrosion upset occurs, during period of exposure, the

coupon alone cant identify the time of occurrence of the upset,

may not even register a statistically significant increased

Challenges facing corrosion

The development of Nondestructive

testing(NDT)/Nondestructive examination(NDE) technologies

onshore, offshore, subsea and pipelines.

Challenges facing corrosion

Corrosion monitoring is restricted to single point

can be underestimated or missed when using localised

order to display results and it is not possible to cross check

Corrosion monitoring offers an answer to the question of

You might also like