Describe High-Bypass

o
Bypass ratio 5:1 so 80% gets bypassed and 20 % goes into the standard 4 stroke cycle
(interrupted)

Ok, Which engines does the 737 have and is this high bypass?
o
CFM 56-7 and yeppers

Ok, how much voltage does the engine produce? and How much Hertz?
o
115 V and 400Hz

Ok, what is the Hertz when the engine doesn't rotate that fast(f.e. during landing or
on the ground?)
o
Still 400Hz. (Constant speed drive, but didn't even got the time to explain this)

Does a Seneca has a critical engine.

?
o
No. (Didn't even got the time to explain why:P)

What is a yaw damper?

o
To make cordinated turns and to prevent Dutch roll.

What is Dutch roll?

o
A negative effect of swept wings. Basically when your plane banks to the right, the left wing
goes up resulting in a bigger angle of attack. That left wing will stall into the bank making the
turn uncoordinated and eventually a roll.

Name more disadvantages of a swept wing!

o
Wing tip stalling, less lift in low speeds(and again he immediatly interrupted me with the
next question)

Ok, how do we counter the effect of low lift?

o
Flaps and slats to increase area and camber.

Ok, how are the flaps operated?

o
By 2 hydraulic systems, A and B.

Ok, how are those systems driven?

o
Engine driven and electrically driven.

What is V2?
o
A safe speed for SE operations to reach the screen height. Its limited by VMCA and VR. (He
asked if I knew some other speed) Oh yeah VS of course.
o
Ok now he tried to fool me. He said ok. So V2 = 1.2x VMCA and 1.1 Vs. I corrected him and
said no, it is 1.1x VMCA and 1.2x Vs. He laughed and continued

How does a ASI work? (Explained in very simple terms, hand out the car window
pressure builds up)

How does the altimeter work? (I was asked to explain it as though it was my next door
neighbour and he/she had no idea what static pressure was.)
What do we use for navigation? (GPS, Radar, INS, VOR, DME)
What is INS and how does it work? (Asked for a very simple explanation)
Why do we need a load and trim sheet?
Whats mach tuck?
How do we counteract mach tuck?

What is the Bernoulli principal?

Bernoulli'sprinciple
statesthatforan
inviscidflow
ofa
nonconducting
fluid,anincreasein
thespeedofthefluidoccurssimultaneouslywithadecreasein
pressure
oradecreaseinthe
fluid
's
potentialenergy
Why Ryanair?
- What will you do if you don't receive a Medical aproval anymore?
- Why my Flight School?
- Range of a VOR
- From Madrid to Seattle... which navigation systems may I use?
- Explain IRS
- What is an PFD?
- Point a jetstream in a Significant Weather Chart
- Explain some information show in the Significant Weather Chart (Cb, Icing, Turbulence and
altitudes)
- Multi-engines I've flown:
* Engine
* Electrical System (batteries, Alternators...)
* Battery, and battery bus (duration, what it connects...)
* Why they set the horizontal stabilizer on the top (talking about Diamonds)
* Critical engine and why

AutomaticFlightSystemBackground

The Boeing 737800 NG has a relatively sophisticated Automatic Flight System (AFS) consisting of the Autopilot
FlightDirectorSystem(AFDS)andtheAutothrottle(A/T).Thesystemcanbeexplainedasfollows:

LEFT: B737800 NG FMA. This is photographhasbeentakeinareal aircraftandprovides agoodidea to thesize,

fontandpositionoftheFMA.
The Boeing 737800 NG has a relatively sophisticated Automatic Flight System (AFS) consisting of the Autopilot
FlightDirectorSystem(AFDS)andtheAutothrottle(A/T).Thesystemisasfollows:

TheN1 target speeds and limits are defined by the Flight ManagementComputer(FMC)which commands
airspeedsusedbytheA/TandAFDS

TheA/T and AFDS are operated from theAFDSModeControlPanel(MCP),andtheFMCfromthe Control

DisplayUnit(CDU)

The MCP provides coordinated control of the Autopilot (A/P), Flight Director (F/D), A/T and altitude alert
functionsand,

The Flight Mode Annunciator (FMA), located on the Captain and First Officer side of the Primary Flight
Display(PFD),displaysthemodestatusfortheAFS.

Ifyou read through the above slowlyandcarefullyitactuallydoesmake sensehowever, duringinflight operationsit

canbequiteconfusingtodeterminewhichsystemisengagedandcontrollingtheaircraftatanyparticulartime.
RelianceonMCPAnnunciations
Without appropriate training, there can be a reliance on the various annunciations displayed onthe MCP. While
some annunciations are straightforward and only illuminate when a functionisonoroff, otherscanbe confusing,for
exampleVNAV.
FlightModeAnnunciator(FMA)
All Boeing aircraft arefittedwithaFlightModeAnnunciator(FMA)ofsometype and style. TheB737800NGFMA is
located on the Captain and First Officer side PFD and is continuouslydisplayed. TheFMAindicates whatsystemis
controlling the aircraft and what mode is operational. All flight crews should observe the FMA to determine
operational status of the aircraft and not rely on the annunciators on the MCP that may or may not indicate an
operationalfunction.
The FMA is divided into three columns and two rows. The left column relates to the A/T while the center and right
hand column displayrollandpitchmodesrespectively. Theupperrow indicatesmodesthatareoperational whilethe
lowerrow indicates modes that are armed. Operational modes are always coloured green while armed modes are

coloured white. BelowthetworowsaretheA/PStatusalertswhichare inlarger font coloured green, and theControl

WheelSteering(CWS)displayswhicharecolouredyellow.
When a change to a mode occurs (either by by a flight crew or by the AFS), a mode change highlight symbol
(rectangle) is displayed around each mode annunciation for a period of 10 seconds after each engagement.
Depending uponwhichflightavionicssuiteisbeing used,the timethattherectangleisdisplayed mayvarybetween2
and10seconds.AccordingtotheBoeingmanualthedefaulttimeshouldbe10seconds.
Thebelow table and image (ProSim737 avionics suite) indicates the various mode annunciations that the FMAcan
display. The the pitch mode column and CWS display are notpopulated. Furthermore,the FMAannunciationsmay
differ

between

airframes

depending

upon

the

software

installed

to

the

aircraft.

Swept wings at low speeds

- Mass and balance, what happens if ... , why do we have a load sheet?
- Can you give me 7 weight limitations?
- Runway limited performances
- Mach Tuck
- Which area did you struggle in during your training?
- What base would you like? What base would you hate the most and why?
- Why should we choose you?
- Why did you choose your flight school?
- Would you have chosen another school with the information you have now?
- How did you pay for the flight training?
- What was the hardest for you during your flight training?
- Why do you want to be a pilot?
- What do you know about Ryanair's current position?
What happens to an altimeter when you take off with the static port blocked?
would you do if you lost your medical tomorrow?
- Would you have chosen another school with the information you have now?
- How did you pay for the flight training?
- What was the hardest for you during your flight training?
- Why do you want to be a pilot?

-What happens to an altimeter when you take off with the static port blocked?
What engines? How the engine works, by-pass ratio, Where is the thrust generated? How
many seats? How many Flight attendants, Where do you find these regulations? What is at
wingtips of B738?
the difference between mixture control and throttle control - what does each do?
systems and what type were installed for the control surfaces of a 737
Tell me about the Seneca?
Why do you enter the Seneca from the right and why does it only have a door on the right of
the ac?
Seneca electrical system? Where is the battery in the Seneca? Why is the battery on the
front left? How do you know the battery is fully charged? Explain volts and amps?
What engines do our AC have? How many seats does the 737 have? What is FMA? (flight
mode annunciator? Explain FMA modes? Where is the FMA located
Regarding FMA, describe it, then a chat discussing: - Does it only work with autopilot. No, also
works with FD. - Why do I, as a Captain, have to check the FMA once I have pressed the HDG
SELECT mode, I know I pressed it, I dont have to check it as well. I said that it was for
redundancy, like the principle of a checklist. He went on to use the lights and light switch as
an example. Basically, what he was getting at was that even though Ive turned the light on
and expect it to light up the room, it may not work in the end.
Explain how a wing works and how lift is created etc What is a jetstream? Where are they
found? How high are they? How strong does the wind have to be before it is considered a
jetstream?What type of Airspeed

Indicator does Boeing737NG have and how does it

work?What is Vmca?What is the transponder code in case of communications failure?What are

the disadvantages of swept swings?What happens if outside air temperature is 3 degrees and
dew point is 2 degrees?
What engine on the 737-800? What is TODA and TORA? What is a stopway and clearway?
What is V2 and how is it calculated? Why do we not use max take off thrust?
Explain VMCG, VMCA Relationship between VMCG and V1 Errors of an NDB Range of an NDB
What are winglets for
Tech: The plane you did your IR in: how does the DA42 Anti-Ice system operate?Tech: Did
you use it much?Tech: Was it expensive to refill?Tech: So how did you test the system?
Tech: Does the DA42 have a critical engine?Tech: How about the 737, does it have a critical
engine?Tech: How about the Maximum Takeoff Mass in the 737, do you know what it is?Tech:
What is the maximum ceiling of the 737?Tech: So, could you takeoff at MTOM and reach
FL410?Tech: What is it that determines this?Tech: What would happen if you tried to continue
to climb up to FL410?Tech: What happens to coffin corner, does it increase when mass
increases?Tech: What is the cruise speed of the 737?Tech: What is the Vne? Tech: What limits
it? Tech: What determines the Mcrit?Tech: So can we just keep sweeping the wings further
back?Tech: So what are the disadvantages of swept wings then?
Tech: Where does the wing stall occur?Tech: Where would you ideally want to see a wing
stall?
Tech: Do you know how many sectors we fly each day?
Adverse Yaw, Tropapuse height, Mach Tuck,Why do we have climb gradient? Volts &
Amps (Which one will electrocute you?). Anti-Ice, ELT, Anti-Skid.
-Difference between 2 stroke and 4 stroke engine?Are you very good at performances ? Why do we have take off segments ?

- Does a single engine aircraft have take off segments ? AERO :- What is Mach tuck ?MTO :What is the cause of jet streams ?- At what height do we find jet streams ? - Where do you
find lenticular clouds ?Are they a good sign or a bad sign ? Why ?About Ryanair :- What aircraft do we have ?- How
many ?- Why did we ordered 737 MAX ?- What are the differences between the B738 and the
B737 MAX ?- How many seats in our B738 ?- How many cabin crews ?- How many seats in the
MAX ? - Do you know why - When do we receive the 737 MAX ? (2019
- How many Cabin crew required on one of our flights?
- Why do we need this many?
- Which engine do you start first on your current aircraft (MEP)?
- Which engine would it be technically preferable to start first?
- (Pointing to MCP on a 738 cockpit poster) What is this?
- (Pointing to FMA) What is this?
- Where do we monitor what the AFDS is doing?
- Why don't we do this on the MCP?
what is FMA, in which colour does HDG SELECTED come up?
what is Jetstream, how thunderstorms are formed and as I am Engines Engineer also, we
talked about new features of engines. Finally they asked me about how many flight attendants
does a Ryanair 737 have. Nothing abnormal.
Explain how a ASI works?
Explain how a Altimeter works?
Then was asked about errors with theses regarding blockages while climbing and descending?
Explain Dynamic Pressure?
Explain a pitot tube?
Explain TAS/IAS what happens when you climb and why?
Weather associated with thunderstorms including CB formation?
Why do you avoid them?
Last MEP you flown?
Explain the Hydraulic System?
Explain the Electrical System?
Does it have a critical engine? Explain why?
what type of engines are they, and what are the pros of this
- where does the 737 get his hydraulic power from
- how many hydraulic systems on the 737 and at what pressure
- how are the flight controls operated
- how is the landing gear operated
- explain me the wing of the 737, starting from the tip
(i started with explaining the winglets, and then he asked about the ailerons and what else is
used during a turn. Then to the trailing and leading edge high lift devices, to end with
explaining the vortex generators)
What airlane did you fly during your training? (cessna172 and da42)
-What do you think about the cessna and why?

-What engine is there in the cessna? (the manufacturer, I got a blackout and couldnt
remember lycoming... I simply said that i couln't remember. He tried to make me guess but i
didn't)
-Do you have problems with carb-ice in the cessna?(no since it's fuel injection)
-Do you have a lot of problems with icing in sweden? how do you solve it?
-What me ac did you fly?
-Does it have a critical engine and why?
-How do the de-icing work on that ac?
-What kind of engines?
What kind of wings to the 737 has?
-Advantages/disadvantage of swept wings?
-What is Mcrit?
-What is machtuck?
-How to we prevent it?
-If we want to fly that fast, how come we are able to land?(he was looking for high lift
devices)
-What kind of hld do the 737 has?
1) What is that? (he pointed socket in the wall)
2) Segments of flight (why we do calculations, not what segments we have. We do
calculations to make sure we are clear of obsticles in case of 1 engine failure)
3) Why we do loadsheet
4) What is a Jetstream
Others had questions about Swept wings, high lift devices etc. Most of those questions was
already in this topic.
Loading policy regarding bags, cargo and Mail on the FR 737 (I'm a flight dispatcher)
How many holds have you got in the 737 and where are they?
MZFW IN 737?
Why smaller than MTOW and MLW?
Why do we have it?
Vref, what is?
How much it?
Diihedral vs anhedral?
Why do we have it?
Winglets, what are they?
Why they are there?
Formula to calculate the aquaplaning speed (9x square root of tire PSI)
Does your a/c has a critical engine? If yes which one? Engine number one (LH engine) in
general when your aircraft has two engines rotating clockwise (seen from inside the plane)
De icing on your a/c
How many seats on the 737? 189seats
How many cabin crew? 1/50 passenger seats. In total 4 cabin crew
Other people got lift formula and why/how a wing creates lift, 4 segments after engine failure,
calculate stall speed if the speed in clean config is 220kts, Venturi and carburettor icing, etc
Microburst.
Absolute calling.
Segments of flights.

Angle of attack and angle of incidence .

CFIT ( Control Flight in to Terrain).
Spin recovery.
Critical engine.
737 knowledge.
VMCA, VMCG, V2.
Holdings.
Crosswind formula.
Take off run available.
B737 MTOW?
- B737 ceiling?
- Imagine one day we are on the rwy at MTOW, can we go directly at max ceiling?
- Why not?
- On the 737, what powers the flight controls?
- And the Flaps
- If the Hyd sys B fails, can you actuate the flaps?
- What is V2?
- How is it calculated?
- What is TORA?
- What Is TODA?
- How much is screen height?
Stall recovery on small a/c
DA42 engines
B737 cockpit emergency exit
What planes do we have?
How many?
How many bases do we have?
How many pilots do you think we have?
Fuel capacity of last acft i flew.
What was it's vne
Mach
AOA
Critical AOA
What is mist and fog in a metar
How are thunderstorms created
Lenticular clouds
What can you expect to find below a thunderstorm during an approach
1. why an a/c has such a high AoA after take-off, can we increase it more and more.., why
not?, what to do to increase AoA&lift? (slats,flaps),
what kind of flaps do we have?
2. swept back wing cons/pros
3. ~what does limit the altitude? (coffin corner)
4. IAS stall, Mach crit stall
5. how can we calculate w/v? (sine function).
6. how to prevent stalling wing tip first?
7. V2 in balanced field

8. take-off segments
9.737 what powers the flaps? ->hyd. system
10.737 no. pax
11. 737 MTOW
12. current a/c engine
13. in 737: do engines have any limitation at full power?
- what is electricity
- why different cable widths/how does resistance vary with width
- voltage of the 737 electrical system
- what was the electrical system on the aircraft you flew for the MEP training (DA42) and how
do you get AC from DC.
PERF :
- Are you very good at performances ? (This one was tricky)
- Why do we have take off segments ?
- Does a single engine aircraft have take off segments ?
AERO :
- What is Mach tuck ?
MTO :
- What is the cause of jetstreams ?
- At what height do we find jetstreams ?
- Where do you find lenticular clouds ?
- Are they a good sign or a bad sign ? Why ?

What happens to the centre of pressure in a stall?

If in a spin, what is best...a FWD/MID/AFT C of G?