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    Cpis352 Lect 03

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    peterche
    This document discusses enterprise architecture methods and frameworks. It provides an overview of an enterprise architect's roles and responsibilities, which include working with stakeholders, ensuring business and IT alignment, and understanding both business and technical aspects of an organization. The document then describes several prominent enterprise architecture frameworks: the Zachman Framework, the Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF), and the Object Management Group's Model-Driven Architecture (MDA). It outlines the key components and approaches of each framework.

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    Cpis352 Lect 03

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    peterche
    88 views35 pages
    This document discusses enterprise architecture methods and frameworks. It provides an overview of an enterprise architect's roles and responsibilities, which include working with stakeholders, ensuring business and IT alignment, and understanding both business and technical aspects of an organization. The document then describes several prominent enterprise architecture frameworks: the Zachman Framework, the Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF), and the Object Management Group's Model-Driven Architecture (MDA). It outlines the key components and approaches of each framework.

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    enterprise architecture lecture

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    This document discusses enterprise architecture methods and frameworks. It provides an overview of an enterprise architect's roles and responsibilities, which include working with stakeholders, ensuring business and IT alignment, and understanding both business and technical aspects of an organization. The document then describes several prominent enterprise architecture frameworks: the Zachman Framework, the Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF), and the Object Management Group's Model-Driven Architecture (MDA). It outlines the key components and approaches of each framework.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    88 views35 pages

    Cpis352 Lect 03

    Uploaded by

    peterche
    This document discusses enterprise architecture methods and frameworks. It provides an overview of an enterprise architect's roles and responsibilities, which include working with stakeholders, ensuring business and IT alignment, and understanding both business and technical aspects of an organization. The document then describes several prominent enterprise architecture frameworks: the Zachman Framework, the Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF), and the Object Management Group's Model-Driven Architecture (MDA). It outlines the key components and approaches of each framework.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    The presentation discusses the roles of enterprise architects and some common enterprise architecture frameworks like TOGAF and Zachman Framework.

    An enterprise architect works with stakeholders, builds a holistic view of the organization's strategy and processes, ensures business and IT alignment, and links business mission to IT strategy.

    Important skills for an enterprise architect include systems thinking, knowledge of business and IT, interpersonal and leadership skills, project management skills, and knowledge of financial modeling as it relates to IT investment.

    Enterprise Architecture

    Dr. Adnan Albar


    Faculty of Computing & Information Technology
    King AbdulAziz University - Jeddah

    Enterprise Architecture Methods

    Lecture 2
    Week 3 Slides
    King AbdulAziz University - FCIT

    Overview
    Enterprise architects Role & Responsibilities
    Enterprise architecture planning
    Developing an Enterprise Level Architectural Description
    Enterprise Architecture Methods
    The Zachman Framework
    The Open Group Architecture Framework TOGAF
    OMGs Model-Driven Architecture (MDA)
    Slide 3

    Enterprise Architect - Responsibilities


    Enterprise architects are practitioners of enterprise
    architecture; an information technology management
    discipline that operates within organizations.
    Works with stakeholders
    Build holistic view of organization's strategy, processes,
    information, and information technology assets
    Ensures business and IT alignment
    Links business mission, strategy, to IT strategy
    synchronization with ever changing business needs
    Slide 4

    Enterprise Architect - Skills and knowledge


    Systems thinking - to see how parts interact (big picture)
    Knowledge of the business
    Interpersonal and leadership skills
    Ability to explain complex technical issues
    Knowledge of IT governance and operations
    Comprehensive knowledge of hardware, software, application,

    and systems engineering


    Project management planning and organizational skills
    Knowledge of financial modeling as it pertains to IT investment
    Customer service orientation
    Time management and prioritization
    Slide 5

    Enterprise Architecture Birdseye View

    Relationship b/w enterprise, stakeholder, architecture,


    and architecture description
    Slide 6

    Enterprise Architecture Symbols and Semantics

    A symbolic model
    expresses properties of
    architectures of systems by
    means of symbols that refer
    to reality.
    A semantic model is an
    interpretation of a symbolic
    model, expressing the
    meaning of the symbols in
    that model.

    The enterprise, its architecture,


    symbolic and semantic models
    Slide 7

    Enterprise Architecture Observing Domains

    Heterogeneous architectural domains


    Slide 8

    Enterprise architecture planning


    Objectives:
    Improved Planning
    Help make more informed IT decisions

    Reduce Complexity
    Lifecycle management To establish a process that is focused on
    building, maintaining, acquiring, and retiring technology

    Improve IT to Business Alignment


    Facilitate the adaption of technology to changing business needs
    and pressures in administration
    Which technology solution solves which business need, and how?
    Slide 9

    Enterprise architecture planning


    Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) is the planning or a
    process of defining architectures for the use of information, in
    support of the business and the plan for implementing those
    architectures.
    EAP components:
    Layer-1: Getting Started (EAP Work plan)
    Layer-2: Where we are today (Defining a baseline)
    Layer-3: The vision of where we want to be - definition of process
    flow, data architecture, applications architecture, and
    technology architecture
    Layer-4: How we plan to get there - Implementation / Migration
    Plans , cost/benefit analysis, and a clear path for
    migration
    Slide 10

    Levels of Enterprise Architecture Planning

    Slide 11

    Relationship b/w EA, segment and Solution architecture

    Slide 12

    Enterprise architecture Methods & Frameworks


    History :

    Started with the Zachman Framework in 1987

    Another early implementation "Technical Architecture


    Framework for Information Management (TAFIM).
    Drafted in 1991 (TAFIM TRM)

    The TOGAF TRM was originally derived from (TAFIM),


    which in turn was derived from the IEEE model 1003.0 or
    POSIX Open System Environment

    Slide 13

    EA Methods & Frameworks (Footprints)

    Slide 14

    EA Methods & Frameworks (The Zachman Framework )


    Concept:
    Describe complex systems with different types of descriptions (e.g.,
    textual, graphical)
    Provides thirty-six necessary categories
    Deals with complex things like manufactured goods (e.g.,
    appliances), constructed structures (e.g., buildings), and enterprises
    (e.g., the organization and all of its goals, people, and technologies)
    The framework provides six different transformations of an abstract
    idea (not increasing in detail, but transforming) from six different
    perspectives
    Slide 15

    EA Methods & Frameworks (The Zachman Framework )

    Views of Rows:

    Planner's View (Scope)


    Owner's View (Enterprise or Business Model)
    Designer's View (Information Systems Model)
    Builder's View (Technology Model)
    Subcontractor View (Detailed Specifications)
    Actual System View or The Functioning of Enterprise

    Slide 16

    EA Methods & Frameworks (The Zachman Framework )

    Slide 17

    EA Methods & Frameworks (The Zachman Framework )


    Focus of Columns:
    In summary, each perspective focuses attention on the same fundamental
    questions, then answers those questions from that viewpoint, creating
    different descriptive representations (i.e., models), which translate from
    higher to lower perspectives. The basic model for the focus (or product
    abstraction) remains constant. The basic model of each column is uniquely
    defined, yet related across and down the matrix.

    1. The data description What


    2. The function description How
    3. The Network description Where
    4. The people description Who
    5. The time description When
    6. The motivation description Why
    Slide 18

    EA Methods & Frameworks (The Zachman Framework )

    Slide 19

    EA Methods & Frameworks (The Zachman Framework )


    Zachman Framework set of rules:
    Rule 1 The columns have no order : The columns are interchangeable but cannot be
    reduced or created
    Rule 2 Each column has a simple generic model : column can have its own meta-model
    Rule 3 The basic model of each column must be unique : The basic model of each
    column, the relationship objects and the structure of it is unique. Each relationship object is
    interdependent but the representation objective is unique
    Rule 4 Each row describes a distinct, unique perspective : Each row describes the view
    of a particular business group and is unique to it. All rows are usually present in most
    hierarchical organizations

    Rule 5 Each cell is unique

    Rule 6 The composite or integration of all cell models in one row constitutes a
    complete model from the perspective of that row

    Rule 7 The logic is recursive : The logic is relational between two instances of the same
    entity
    Slide 20

    EA Methods & Frameworks (The Zachman Framework )

    Slide 21

    EA Methods & Frameworks (TOGAF)


    The Open Group Architecture Framework :

    A comprehensive approach for an enterprise information


    architecture, which addresses:
    TOGAF is a high level and holistic approach to design
    Planning
    Implementing
    Governing
    A Registered trademark of The Open Group in United
    States
    Slide 22

    EA Methods & Frameworks (TOGAF)

    A high level TOGAF framework representation

    Slide 23

    EA Methods & Frameworks (TOGAF)


    TOGAF has the following main components:

    An Architecture Capability Framework:


    Addresses the organization, processes, skills, roles and
    responsibilities required to establish and operate an architecture
    function within an enterprise

    The Architecture Development Method (ADM):


    Provides a way of working for architects
    The ADM is considered to be the core of TOGAF, and consists of
    a stepwise cyclic approach for the development of the overall
    enterprise architecture
    Slide 24

    EA Methods & Frameworks (TOGAF)


    TOGAF has the following main components:

    The Architecture Content Framework:

    Considers an overall enterprise architecture as composed of four closely


    interrelated architectures:
    Business Architecture
    Data Architecture
    Application Architecture
    Technology (IT) Architecture

    Slide 25

    EA Methods & Frameworks (TOGAF)


    TOGAF has the following main components:

    The Enterprise Continuum:


    Which comprises various reference models:
    Technical Reference Model
    The Open Group's Standards Information Base (SIB)
    Building Blocks Information Base (BBIB)
    The idea behind the Enterprise Continuum is to illustrate how
    architectures are developed across a continuum ranging from
    foundational architectures, through common systems architectures and
    industry- specific architectures, to an enterprises own individual
    architecture.
    Slide 26

    EA Methods & Frameworks (TOGAF)

    The Architecture Development Method (ADM) of TOGAF

    Slide 27

    OMGs Model-Driven Architecture (MDA)


    The Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) (Object Management Group
    Architecture Board 2001, Frankel 2003) aims to provide an open,
    vendor neutral approach to interoperability. It builds upon the
    Object Management Groups modeling standards:

    MDA comprises three abstraction levels with mappings between them:

    Computation-Independent Model (CIM)


    Platform-Independent Model (PIM)
    Platform-Specific Model (PSM)

    Slide 28

    OMGs Model-Driven Architecture (MDA)

    MDA
    Framework

    Slide 29

    OMGs Model-Driven Architecture (MDA)


    The requirements for the system are modeled in a ComputationIndependent Model (CIM) describing the situation in which the system
    will be used. Such a model is sometimes called a domain model or a
    business model. It hides much or all information about the use of
    automated data processing systems.
    The Platform-Independent Model (PIM) describes the operation of a
    system while hiding the details necessary for a particular platform. A PIM
    shows that part of the complete specification that does not change from
    one platform to another.
    A Platform-Specific Model (PSM) combines the specifications in the
    PIM with the details that specify how that system uses a particular type of
    platform.
    Slide 30

    EA Other Frameworks
    Consortia-developed frameworks:

    EABOK (The Guide to the Enterprise Architecture Body of Knowledge) a U.S.


    Federal-funded guide to EA in the context of legislative and strategic business
    requirements

    Generalized Enterprise Reference Architecture and Methodology (GERAM)

    IDEAS Group a four-nation effort to develop a common ontology for


    architecture interoperability

    RM-ODP the Reference Model of Open Distributed Processing, defines an


    enterprise architecture framework for structuring the specifications of open
    distributed systems

    TOGAF The Open Group Architecture Framework a widely used framework


    including an architectural Development Method and standards for describing
    various types of architecture

    ARCON A Reference Architecture for Collaborative Networks not focused on


    a single enterprise but rather on networks of enterprises
    Slide 31

    EA Other Frameworks
    Open-source frameworks:

    TRAK a general systems-oriented framework based on MODAF 1.2 and


    released under GPL/GFDL

    MEGAF is an infrastructure for realizing architecture frameworks that conform to


    the definition of architecture framework provided in ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010

    Praxeme, an open enterprise methodology, contains an enterprise architecture


    framework called the Enterprise System Topology (EST)

    GOD, a generalist observation methodology, contains an enterprise architecture


    framework based on observation, an innovative certified approach provided in the
    SDFL Department of DUJ

    SABSA is an open framework and methodology for Enterprise Security


    Architecture and Service Management, that is risk based and focuses on
    integrating security into business and IT management
    Slide 32

    EA Other Frameworks

    Defense industry frameworks:


    DoDAF the US Department of Defense Architecture Framework
    MODAF the UK Ministry of Defence Architecture Framework
    NAF the NATO Architecture Framework
    AGATE the France DGA Architecture Framework
    DNDAF the DND/CF Architecture Framework (CAN)

    Slide 33

    EA Other Frameworks
    Government frameworks:
    Government Enterprise Architecture (GEA) a common framework
    legislated for use by departments of the Queensland Government

    FDIC Enterprise Architecture Framework


    Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework (FEAF) a framework
    produced in 1999 by the US Federal CIO Council for use within the US
    Government, not to be confused with the 2002 Federal Enterprise Architecture
    (FEA) guidance on categorizing and grouping IT investments, issued by the US
    Federal Office of Management and Budget

    NIST Enterprise Architecture Model


    Treasury Enterprise Architecture Framework (TEAF) a framework for
    treasury, published by the US Department of the Treasury in July 2000

    Nederlandse Overheid Referentie Architectuur (NORA) a reference


    framework from the Dutch Government E-overheid NORA
    Slide 34

    EA Other Frameworks
    Proprietary frameworks:

    Avancier Methods (AM) Processes and documentation advice for enterprise


    and solution architects, supported by training and certification

    Solution Architecting Mechanism (SAM) A coherent architecture framework


    consisting of a set of integral modules

    Integrated Architecture Framework (IAF) from Capgemini company in 1993

    CLEAR Framework for Enterprise Architecture Atos Origin's Enterprise


    Architecture Framework

    OBASHI the OBASHI Business & IT methodology and framework

    Information FrameWork (IFW) conceived by Roger Evernden in 1996

    SAP Enterprise Architecture Framework

    Zachman Framework by John Zachman at IBM in the 1980s


    Slide 35

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