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    Welding of Dissimilar Ferritic Joints For New Power Plant Steels

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    The document discusses welding dissimilar joints between new bainitic and martensitic steels used in power plants. Matching filler metals were used for both bainitic and martensitic pipe materials. Testing showed that bainitic filler metals, which contain carbide-forming elements like vanadium, niobium, and titanium, are recommended. These filler metals minimize carbon diffusion and improve creep strength properties, while also demonstrating better toughness than martensitic filler metals. The bainitic filler metals were successful in welding dissimilar joints where one or both materials lacked carbide-forming elements.

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    Welding of Dissimilar Ferritic Joints For New Power Plant Steels

    Uploaded by

    spinpin
    179 views21 pages
    The document discusses welding dissimilar joints between new bainitic and martensitic steels used in power plants. Matching filler metals were used for both bainitic and martensitic pipe materials. Testing showed that bainitic filler metals, which contain carbide-forming elements like vanadium, niobium, and titanium, are recommended. These filler metals minimize carbon diffusion and improve creep strength properties, while also demonstrating better toughness than martensitic filler metals. The bainitic filler metals were successful in welding dissimilar joints where one or both materials lacked carbide-forming elements.

    Original Description:

    Welding of Dissimilar Ferritic Joints for New Power Plant Steels

    Original Title

    Welding of Dissimilar Ferritic Joints for New Power Plant Steels

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    The document discusses welding dissimilar joints between new bainitic and martensitic steels used in power plants. Matching filler metals were used for both bainitic and martensitic pipe materials. Testing showed that bainitic filler metals, which contain carbide-forming elements like vanadium, niobium, and titanium, are recommended. These filler metals minimize carbon diffusion and improve creep strength properties, while also demonstrating better toughness than martensitic filler metals. The bainitic filler metals were successful in welding dissimilar joints where one or both materials lacked carbide-forming elements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    179 views21 pages

    Welding of Dissimilar Ferritic Joints For New Power Plant Steels

    Uploaded by

    spinpin
    The document discusses welding dissimilar joints between new bainitic and martensitic steels used in power plants. Matching filler metals were used for both bainitic and martensitic pipe materials. Testing showed that bainitic filler metals, which contain carbide-forming elements like vanadium, niobium, and titanium, are recommended. These filler metals minimize carbon diffusion and improve creep strength properties, while also demonstrating better toughness than martensitic filler metals. The bainitic filler metals were successful in welding dissimilar joints where one or both materials lacked carbide-forming elements.

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    Welding of dissimilar ferritic

    joints for new power plant steels

    Dr. Herbert Heuser,


    Dr. Kwan-Gyu Tak
    Bhler Welding Group, Hamm
    Croatia, April 2013

    Fossil fired power stations require according to temperature


    and pressure different pipe materials
    Problem:
    C-Diffusion between materials with wide
    different C- und Cr- contents
    Decarburised zone means loss in strength
    Aim:
    Reduction of C-Diffusion or prevention when welding with
    optimised filler metals
    Improvement of the strength properties
    (partcularly creep strength properties)
    Croatia, April 2013

    Schematic representation of C-diffusion for example at the dissimilar joint


    10CrMo9-10 X20CrMoV11-1
    c)
    Schweizusatz:
    Filler
    metal: dissimilar
    artfremd
    to both
    zu beiden GW
    Cr / 1%
    Zwischenlsung
    solution
    with 5% z.B.
    mit Mo
    5% Cr / 1% Mo

    10CrMo9-10
    10CrMo9-10

    X20CrMoV11-1
    X20CrMoV11-1

    a)
    Schweizusatz:
    Filler
    metal: matching
    artgleich
    10CrMo9-10
    GW 10CrMo9
    -10

    10CrMo9-10
    10CrMo9-10

    X20CrMoV11-1
    X20CrMoV11-1

    b)
    Schweizusatz:
    Filler
    metal: matching
    artgleich
    X20CrMoV11-1
    Grundwerkstoff X20CrMoV11
    -1

    10CrMo9-10
    10CrMo9-10

    X20CrMoV11-1
    X20CrMoV11-1

    10CrMo9-10
    10CrMo9-10

    d)
    Schweizusatz:
    Ni-Basis (ein warmfester ausFiller metal: Ni-Base
    tenitischer Zusatz scheidet wegen der zwingend
    Disadvantage:
    vorgebenen Wrmebehandlung aus). Die C

    different
    thermal
    expansion
    co-efficient
    Diffusion hin zum hherCr-haltigenWerkstoff ist
    weniger
    ausgepgt.
    reduced
    test qualification (NDT)!
    Nachteile:
    unterschiedlicher Wrmeausdehnungskoeffizient
    (
    !
    verminderte Prffhigkeit ZfP)

    abgekohlte/
    Karbidsaum
    decarburized
    zone
    carburized
    zone
    entkohlte Zone

    Croatia, April 2013

    X20CrMoV11-1
    X20CrMoV11-1

    Decarburised zone in dissimilar joints P91 / 10CrMo9-10

    HAZ of pipe

    Weld metal

    HAZ of pipe

    Weld metal

    P91

    B22

    P22

    B9

    Croatia, April 2013

    Dissimilar joint P91 / 10CrMo9-10

    Croatia, April 2013

    Chemical composition in weight-%


    Designation

    Working

    Si

    Mn

    Cr

    Ni

    Mo

    Nb

    Others

    temp.
    C 1)

    T/P22
    (10CrMo9-10)

    0,080,14

    <
    0,50

    0,400,80

    2,02,5

    0,901,10

    < 550

    T/P23
    (7CrWVNb9-6)

    0,040,10

    <
    0,50

    0,100,60

    1,92,6

    0,050,30

    0,200,30

    1,451,75

    0,020,08

    N < 0,03
    B 0,0005-0,0060

    < 550

    T/P24
    (7CrMoVTiB10-10)

    0,050,10

    0,150,45

    0,300,70

    2,202,60

    0,901,10

    0,200,30

    N < 0,010
    B 0,0015-0,0070
    Ti 0,05-0,10

    < 550

    X20CrMoV11-1

    0,170,23

    <
    0,50

    <
    1,0

    10,012,5

    0,300,80

    0,801,20

    0,250,35

    < 560

    T/P91
    (X10CrMoVNb9-1)

    0,080,12

    0,200,50

    0,300,60

    8,09,5

    <
    0,40

    0,851,05

    0,180,25

    0,060,10

    N 0,03-0,07

    < 585

    T/P92
    (X10CrWMoVNb9-2)

    0,070,13

    <
    0,5

    0,300,60

    8,59,5

    <
    0,40

    0,300,60

    0,150,25

    1,52,0

    0,040,09

    N 0,03-0,07
    B 0,001-0,006

    < 620

    Bainitic Steels

    Martensitic Steels
    (9 - 12 % Cr-Steels)

    1)

    constructive depicted limit of working temperature in power stations

    New bainitic and martensitic steels for power plants, besides P22 and X20
    Croatia, April 2013

    Mechanical properties at RT
    YS
    MPa

    TS
    MPa

    Elongation
    %

    CVN (ISO-V)
    J

    T/P22 (10CrMo9-10)

    > 310

    480-630

    > 18

    > 40

    T/P23 (7CrWVNb9-6)

    > 400

    > 510

    > 20

    T/P24 (7CrMoVTiB10-10)

    > 450

    585-840

    > 17

    > 41

    X20CrMoV11-1

    > 500

    700-850

    > 16

    > 39

    T/P91 (X10CrMoVNb9-1)

    > 450

    620-850

    > 17

    > 41

    T/P92 (X10CrWMoVNb9-2)

    > 440

    620-850

    > 17

    > 27

    New bainitic and martensitic steels compared to P22 and X20

    Croatia, April 2013

    Different pipe or tube combinations


    Martensite
    T91

    P92

    Bainite
    44,5 x 6,5
    T23
    44,5 x 7,14
    44,5 x 6,5
    T24
    38 x 6,3
    219 x 20
    P23
    219 x 20

    Croatia, April 2013

    Engaged matching filler metals

    matching
    T/P23

    T/P24

    T/P91

    P92

    GTAW

    Union I P23

    Union I P24

    Thermanit MTS 3

    Thermanit MTS 616

    SMAW

    Thermanit P23

    Thermanit P24

    Thermanit MTS 3

    Thermanit MTS 616

    Croatia, April 2013

    Chemical composition wire resp. all-weld-metal (weight-%)


    Filler metal

    Si

    Mn

    Cr

    Mo

    Ni

    Nb

    Cu

    Ti

    GTAW;
    similar to P23
    2,4 mm

    0,061

    0,45 0,53

    2,02

    0,03

    0,13

    0,04

    0,01

    0,22

    1,78

    0,10

    0,002 0,005

    GTAW;
    similar to P24
    2,4 mm

    0,073

    0,26 0,45

    2,32

    0,92

    0,09

    0,01 0,006

    0,25

    <,002 0,17

    0,002 0,086

    SMAW;
    similar to P23
    3,2 mm

    0,057

    0,23 0,62

    2,20

    0,03

    0,05

    0,04 0,022

    0,20

    1,59

    0,002 <,001

    0,06

    Mechanical properties all-weld-metal; test temp. +20 C


    Filler metal

    PWHT
    [C/h]

    YS
    [MPa]

    TS
    [MPa]

    Elongation
    [%]

    CVN, ISO-V
    [J]

    GTAW; similar to P23


    2,4 mm

    740/2

    621

    708

    21,0

    256 / 207 / 242

    GTAW; similar to P24


    2,4 mm

    740/2

    595

    699

    20,5

    264 / 286 / 292

    SMAW; similar to P23


    3,2 mm

    750/2

    523

    633

    20,8

    100 / 137 / 144

    Croatia, April 2013

    Engaged
    Filler Metals

    Edge preparation and welded joint T23 / T91

    60

    2-3

    Filler metal: GTAW, matching T23, 2.4 mm


    Tube dimension: 44,5 x 7,14 (mm); Tp = 150C, T i = 150C, Is = 140 A

    Croatia, April 2013

    Edge preparation and welded joint P23 / P92

    R8

    30

    Filler Metal, root: GTAW; matching P23 resp. matching P92, 2.4 mm
    Filler Metal fill passes: SMAW; matching P23 resp. matching P92, 3.2 / 4.0 mm
    Pipe dimension: 219 x 20 (mm); T p = 200C, T i = 270C, Is = 160 A
    Croatia, April 2013

    Dissimilar joint T23 / T91; GTA welded

    Filler metal: matching T23, 2,4 mm;


    Tube material T23 (44,5 x 7,6 mm) to T91 (44,5 x 7,14 mm)
    PWHT
    [C/min]

    Test temp.
    + [C]

    TS
    [MPa]

    Location of
    fracture

    20

    563

    BM T23

    500

    436

    BM T23

    740/30

    Croatia, April 2013

    CVN centre WM
    [J/cm2] at +20 C

    Side bend test

    73/95/158

    180
    passed

    Dissimilar joint T24 / T91; GTA welded

    Filler metal: matching P24 (Ti/B-alloyed), 2,4 mm;


    Tube material T24 (38,3 x 6,3 mm) to T91 (44,5 x 7,14 mm)
    PWHT
    [C/min]

    Test temp.
    + [C]

    TS
    [MPa]

    Location of
    fracture

    20

    574

    BM T24

    500

    464

    BM T24

    740/30

    Croatia, April 2013

    CVN centre WM
    [J/cm2] at +20 C

    Side bend test

    135/152/148

    180
    passed

    Dissimilar joint P23 / P92;


    SMA-welded; Root pass GTAW
    Filler metal: matching P23, 3,2 / 4,0 mm; Pipe dimension: both 219,10 x 20 mm
    PWHT
    [C/h]

    Test temp.
    + [C]
    20

    740/2

    TS
    [MPa]

    Location of
    fracture

    613
    598

    500

    432

    550

    380

    CVN
    [J] at +20 C

    Side bend test

    138/136/132

    180
    passed

    BM
    P23

    Filler metal: matching P92, 3,2 / 4,0 mm; Pipe dimension: both 219,10 x 20 mm
    PWHT
    [C/h]

    Test temp.
    + [C]
    20

    740/4

    Croatia, April 2013

    TS
    [MPa]

    Location of
    fracture

    589
    590

    500

    419

    550

    385

    BM
    P23

    CVN
    [J] at +20 C

    Side bend test

    40/46/44

    180
    passed

    Tensile test specimen of the joint P23 / P92

    filler metal P23


    P23

    P92

    filler metal P92

    P23

    Croatia, April 2013

    P92

    Dissimilar joint T91 / T23; filler metal matching T23

    (PWHT 740C/30 min.)

    400

    T 23

    350
    Hardness (HV 0.2)

    T 91

    WM
    T23

    HAZ
    T91

    BM
    T91

    300

    250

    200

    150
    0

    10

    Distance of hardness imprints (mm)

    HAZ T91
    Croatia, April 2013

    WM T23

    12

    Dissimilar joint T24 / T91; filler metal matching T24


    (PWHT 740C/30 min.)
    400

    T91
    T24

    WM
    T24

    Hardness (HV 0.2)

    350

    BM
    T91

    HAZ
    T91

    300

    250

    200

    150
    0

    10

    Distance of hardness imprints (mm)

    WM

    HAZ T91

    Probe ZBV6 (T24 / T91)


    Croatia, April 2013

    12

    Dissimilar joint P23 / P92; filler metal


    matching P92 (PWHT 740C/4 h)
    400

    Hardness (HV0.2)

    350

    Probe ZBV9 (P23 / P92

    300

    HAZ
    P23

    BM
    P23

    WM
    P92

    250

    200

    150
    0

    Distance of hardness imprints (mm)

    HAZ P23
    Croatia, April 2013

    WM

    Dissimilar joint P23 / P92; filler metal


    matching P23 (PWHT 740C/2 h)
    400

    Probe ZBV2 (P23 / P92)

    Hardness (HV 0.2)

    350
    WM
    P23

    HAZ
    P92

    BM
    P92

    300

    250

    200

    150
    0
    WM P23

    HAZ P92

    Croatia, April 2013

    Distance of hardness imprints (mm)

    Summary
    Investigated were dissimilar joints between new types of bainitic and
    martensitic creep resistant steels (different C- und Cr-contents). Engaged
    were matching filler metals for bainitic as well as martensitic pipe
    materials.
    Recommended are the presented bainitic filler metals, because:
    they contain special carbide forming elements (V, Nb and/or Ti);
    the C-Diffusion will be minimized severely;
    improved creep strength properties are expected;
    the bainitic filler metals show better toughness properties than the martensitic
    filler metals

    The presented bainitic filler metals achieve success when welding


    dissimilar joints if one or both materials do not contain special carbide
    forming elements (e.g. 10CrMo9-10).
    Croatia, April 2013

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