Ijsrp p4868 PDF
Ijsrp p4868 PDF
Ijsrp p4868 PDF
ISSN 2250-3153
451
irrigation
project,
I. INTRODUCTION
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International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 5, Issue 12, December 2015
ISSN 2250-3153
452
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 5, Issue 12, December 2015
ISSN 2250-3153
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by volumetric method (float method). The diversion at ShinaHamusit was cleaned and completely opened at the beginning of
October 2012/13 and at Selamko started at September 2012/13.
To calculate the total amount of water diverted to the total
irrigated areas within a season, the total flow time of irrigation
water in the main canal were recorded and multiplied by the
respective discharges.
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Table 1 Crop area allocation, productivity and SGVP values of different crops by 2012/13 local prices in Shina-hamusit
Scheme
Crop type
(1)
Maize
Potato
Sweet
potato
Onion
Oat
Teff
Vetch
Tomato
Barely
Vetch
Garlic
Cabbage
Total
Area,
ha
Intensity
,%
40
12
13
117
100
158
15
7
3.5
6.5
3.5
100
201
100
100
100
100.5
Annual
area, ha
(2)
46.6
12
20.55
Annual
area, %
15
14.1
3.5
6.5
3.5
7.1
6.5
5
3.6
143.95
10
10
2
5
2
5
5
4
3
100
32
8
14
Productivity,
ton/ha
(3)
6
8.7
7
Total Production,
Ton
(4)=(2)x(3)
280
104
144
Price,
US$/ton
(5)
1045
285
190
SGVP
(US$)
8
4
1.4
7
30
2
3
9
12
120
56
5
46
105
14
20
45
43
982
285
3610
2660
570
950
855
342
2850
950
34200
203604
13034
25935
99750
12141
6669
128250
41040
913,891
292182
29754
27332
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Table 2 Crop area allocation, productivity and SGVP values of different crops by 2012/13 local prices in Selamko Scheme
Crop type
(1)
Potato
Garlic
Maize
Barley
Bean
Carrot
Shallot
Onion
Pepper
Lentil
Cabbage
Total
Area,
ha
Intensi
ty, %
34.88
1.5
1.25
12
0.25
0.5
0.75
6.5
0.75
0.75
109
133
100
100
100
250
183
119
100
100
59.13
Annual
area, ha
(2)
38.13
2.00
1.25
12.00
0.25
1.25
1.38
7.75
0.75
0.75
1.75
67.25
Annual
area, %
57
3
2
18
1
2
2
11
1
1
2
100
Productivity,
ton/ha
(3)
8
9
1.6
2
1.6
16
8
12
7
3
12
Total
Production,
Ton
(4)=(2)x(3)
305
18
2
24
1
20
11
93
5
2
21
502
Price,
US$/ton
(5)
380
2850
950
855
1045
1900
3040
3040
475
665
950
SGVP
(US$)
61000
27000
1000
10800
220
20000
17600
148800
1313
788
10500
299,020
Shina-Hamusit
Selamko
Area, ha
Annual area,
ha
Annual
area, %
Maize
Potato
Sweet potato
Onion
Oat
Teff
Pepper
Tomato
40
12
13
15
7
3.5
6.5
3.5
46.6
12
20.55
15
14.1
3.5
6.5
3.5
32
8
14
10
10
2
5
2
Effective
Rainfall,
mm/season
21.3
16.9
19
41.1
28.3
36.2
75.6
75.9
Crop
water
Requirement,
mm/season
449.4
365.8
407.8
530.3
463.2
363.3
346.3
417.6
Irrigation
requirement,
mm/season
428.1
348.9
388.8
489.2
434.9
327.1
270.7
341.7
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Barely
Vetch
Garlic
Cabbage
Total
100.5
7.1
6.5
5
3.6
143.95
5
5
3
2
100
41
93.5
45.7
39.2
533.7
456
391.7
322.4
459.3
563.5
5,080.6
350.7
228.9
413.6
524.3
4,546.9
Area, ha
Annual area,
ha
Annual
area, %
Potato
Garlic
Maize
Barley
Bean
Carrot
Shallot
Onion
Pepper
Lentil
Cabbage
Total
34.88
1.5
1.25
12
0.25
0.5
0.75
6.5
0.75
0.75
59.13
38.13
2.00
1.25
12.00
0.25
1.25
1.38
7.75
0.75
0.75
1.75
67.25
57
3
2
18
1
2
2
11
1
1
2
100
Effective
Rainfall,
mm/season
66.3
99.8
66.0
179.4
40.3
73.4
59.1
99.8
221.5
100.9
157.3
1164
Crop
water
Requirement,
mm/season
376.80
417.50
408.40
410.60
263.50
308.90
351.50
460.10
605.90
431.70
501.20
4,536
Irrigation
requirement,
mm/season
310.50
317.70
342.40
231.20
223.20
235.50
292.40
360.30
384.40
330.80
343.90
3,372
Shina-Hamusit
212,758.1
752,400
Selamko
318,966.75
165,888
965,158
623,836.12
576,303.82
1.55
1.31
484,855
259,174.78
203,585.92
1.87
0.81
Generally the RWS and RIS values alone in this study indicate
that water demands of the crops in the schemes are satisfied.
Similar results were also obtained from many researches around
the world (Ray et al., 2002; Bandara, 2003). These values also
imply relationship between the water supply and crop water
demand was poor from the point of water distribution in the
schemes (ener, et al., 2007).
Physical indicators- Three physical indicators were used:
irrigation ratio, sustainability of irrigation and cropping intensity.
Data related to area of the land at the schemes is shown in Table
7.
Table 7 Data related to areas of land at the schemes
Parameter
Currently irrigated land,
ha
Irrigable (cultivable)
land, ha
Initial irrigated land, ha
Shina-Hamusit
100.5
Selamko
59.13
105
63
32.5
28
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67.25
137
0.96
3.09
107
0.94
2.11
IV. CONCLUSIONS
In this study, the external performance of two communitymanaged irrigation schemes:
Shina-Hamusit and Selamko were assessed using
comparative indicators. This indicators used are useful to
evaluate the degree of utilization of resources such as land and
water in producing agricultural outputs.
The comparative indicators used are agricultural, water use
(supply) and physical financial. The results of performance with
respect to both land and water productivity indicate that ShinaHamusit scheme performs better. Higher land productivity values
at Shina-Hamusit are mainly due to the improved irrigation
management in the scheme and cropping intensity. Although the
amount of irrigation water supplied with respect to demanded is
bit higher at Shina-Hamusit, the water productivity values are
still higher at this scheme. The differences are attributable to
other agricultural factors such as soil fertility, land suitability and
the cropping patterns rather than purely water management.
RWS and RIS values were above 1 at Shina-Hamusit and
Selamko (except RIS at Selamko (0.81)), respectively, excess
water supply and irrigation supply is supplied at both schemes
457
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work was supported by Debre Tabor University,
Ethiopia toward research and community activities of the author.
Experts at the Dera and Farta district Agricultural offices and
development agents are acknowledged for their contribution
during his primary and secondary data collection, South Gondar,
Amhara region, Ethiopia.
REFERENCES
[1]
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International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 5, Issue 12, December 2015
ISSN 2250-3153
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
458
AUTHORS
First Author Abebe Shenkut, Debre Tabor University, Natural
resources management, Box 272, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia, E-mail
[email protected]
APPENDICES
Appendix Table 1 Monthly climatic data and ET o of Shina-Hamusit irrigation scheme
Country: Ethiopia Station: Bahir Dar
Altitude: 1920 meter(s) above m.s.l.
Latitude: 11.49 oC (North) Longitude: 37.31 oC (East)
Month
Min Temp,
o
C
Max Temp,
o
C
Humidity
(%)
January
February
March
April
May
June
8.6
10.4
12.8
15.0
15.5
14.9
26.8
28.5
29.7
30.1
29.4
27.0
50.3
44.7
42.5
42.9
52.2
66.5
Wind
Spd.
(Km/d)
0.7
0.7
0.9
1.0
0.9
0.9
Sunshine
(Hours)
Solar Rad.
(MJ/m2/d)
ET o
(mm/d)
9.4
9.7
9.1
9.0
8.4
6.9
20.2
21.9
22.5
23.4
22.4
19.7
2.98
3.39
3.74
4.06
4.03
3.65
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July
August
September
October
November
December
Average
14.2
14.1
13.4
13.5
11.3
9.0
12.7
23.9
24.3
25.4
26.5
26.6
26.5
27.0
76.0
82.5
72.5
60.9
54.5
50.8
59.1
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.8
459
4.5
4.6
6.4
8.6
9.4
9.8
8.0
16.0
16.3
19.2
21.9
21.6
20.9
20.5
3.00
3.10
3.49
3.80
3.46
3.09
3.48
Pen-Mon equation was used in ET o calculations with the following values for Angstrom's Coefficients: a = 0.25 b = 0.5
Appendix Table 2 Monthly rainfall data of Bahir Dar station
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Total
Total Rainfall(mm/month)
2.0
1.9
10.5
27.6
68.7
189.0
421.9
390.7
195.9
90.3
13.2
2.3
1414.0
Effective Rain(mm/month)
2.0
1.9
10.3
26.4
61.1
131.8
167.2
164.1
134.5
77.3
12.9
2.3
791.8
Min Temp,
o
C
Max Temp,
o
C
Humidity
(%)
Wind
Sunshine
Solar Rad.
ET o
Spd.
(Hours)
(MJ/m2/d)
(mm/d)
(Km/d)
January
8.2
23.0
39.2
1.1
8.6
19.1
2.70
February
9.4
24.5
35.9
1.2
8.6
20.3
3.04
March
10.2
25.0
33.3
1.2
7.2
19.7
3.14
April
10.4
24.6
43.0
1.3
6.9
20.1
3.42
May
10.1
24.1
46.9
1.1
4.8
16.9
3.00
June
10.4
22.0
68.4
1.2
6.0
18.3
3.22
July
9.8
19.1
80.7
1.1
4.2
15.5
2.76
August
10.0
19.8
97.4
1.2
5.2
17.2
3.11
September
9.4
20.6
74.2
1.1
6.3
19.0
3.29
October
8.5
21.8
58.8
0.9
7.5
20.3
3.31
November
8.0
22.3
49.9
0.9
8.0
19.6
2.99
December
7.0
20.3
43.2
1.0
8.9
19.7
2.69
Average
9.3
22.3
55.9
1.1
6.9
18.8
3.06
Pen-Mon equation was used in ET o calculations with the following values for Angstrom's Coefficients: a = 0.25 b = 0.5
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