Ductulator May 2010
Ductulator May 2010
Ductulator May 2010
5 kg/s
100 mm
0.64
203
4.9E+04
0.046
0.0228
0.0228
46
m/s
pa
mm
pa / m
0.3
60.80912865 pa
CIRCULAR
DUCT Sizing Calc
CIRCULAR
DUCT Sizing Calc
0.77 m/s
0.032 m/s
Hydraulic Diameter
500 mm
Hydraulic Diameter
100 mm
Velocity
Dynamic Pressure
Reynolds Number
Roughness
FDash (Alsthul Approx)
Friction Factor
Pressure Drop
3.92
9.23
1.1E+05
0.15
0.0192
0.0192
0.35
Fitting K Factor
m/s
pa
mm
pa/m
0.038359
3.54 pa
K Factor
Velocity
Dynamic Pressure
Reynolds Number
Roughness
FDash (Alsthul Approx)
Friction Factor
Pressure Drop
Pressure loss Factor
Fitting K Factor
Fitting Pressure Drop
4.07
9.96
2.3E+04
0.15
0.0285
0.0285
2.84
0.75
7.47
m/s
pa
mm
pa/m
9.96 pa
K Factor
Note
K Factor
______________
0.6 * v squared
K Factor =
Pv = 0.5 X P X V squared.,.
Where V = velocity in m/s
5.8 m/s
1000 mm
800 mm
5.8 m/s
1000 mm
800 mm
5.8 m/s
1000 mm
800 mm
Hydraulic Diameter
984 mm
Hydraulic Diameter
984 mm
Hydraulic Diameter
984 mm
Velocity
Dynamic Pressure
Reynolds Number
Roughness
FDash (Alsthul Approx)
Friction Factor
Pressure Drop / m
Fitting K Factor
7.63
34.94
4.2E+05
0.15
0.0147
0.0153
0.54
m/s
pa
mm
pa/m
0.015513
5.42 pa
7.63
34.94
4.2E+05
0.15
0.0147
0.0153
0.54
0.75
26.20
m/s
pa
mm
pa/m
34.94 pa
Note
K Factor
Velocity
Dynamic Pressure
Reynolds Number
Roughness
FDash (Alsthul Approx)
Friction Factor
Pressure Drop / m
Pressure loss Factor
Fitting K Factor s/t
Velocity
Dynamic Pressure
Reynolds Number
Roughness
FDash (Alsthul Approx)
Friction Factor
Pressure Drop / m
Fitting K Factor s/t
2.97 mm WG
Fitting Pressure Drop
7.63
34.94
4.2E+05
0.15
0.0147
0.0153
0.54
m/s
pa
mm
pa/m
58.22589
29.11 pa
so E18
K = V squared
divided by
2g
where 2 g is
divided by
K X Pv
0.6 * v squared
2 times Gravity at
9.81 mm WG
Pv = 0.5 X P X V squared.,.
Where V = velocity in m/s
Times 9.81 to
convert to pa
Roughness (mm)
0.0015
0.003
0.013
0.046
density (kg/m)
dynamic viscosity (Pa/m)
kinematic viscosity (m/s)
10
999.73
0.00131
1.306E-06
DATA to ,..INPUT
OUTPUT / ANSWER
2.5
Properties of Water
Temperature (C)
CALCULATION
TITLE:
Prepared:
CDB
DUCT Sizing
3. Assumptions
0.064 m/s
150 mm
150 mm
a) Assumed data
Hydraulic Diameter
165 mm
Roughness (mm)
0.15
0.25
0.075
0.05
0.005
1.3
5
The flow rate into the rooms are a combination of mechanical ventilation and cascaded air.
Given the room volumes (m3/s) we can calculate the required duct size , air flow rates (m/s) and
pressure drops (pa)
Velocity
Dynamic Pressure
Reynolds Number
Roughness
FDash (Alsthul Approx)
Friction Factor
Pressure Drop / m
2.99
5.35
2.7E+04
0.15
0.0265
0.0265
0.86
m/s
pa
mm
pa/m
Fitting K Factor
20
101.325
1.20
0.000018
0.0000150
0.160673
Duct sizing and general design criteria have been based on CIBSE guides B and C
Fitting Pressure Drop
Pressure loss criteria has been limited in final ducts to each room to 1.00 pa per metre, duct in branches
may slightly be in excess of this requirement to optimise the size of the duct and due to physical
constraints of the actula size of the plant room may have dictated smaller duct with increase in rsistance
but the limiting factors of using the duct velocities as detailed in CIBSE guides have .
had an overiding influence on this duct sizing calculation
Note
K Factor
8.60 pa
______________
so E18
X 10
divided by
4. Method
0.6 * v squared
A)
Firstly to Calculate the duct size based on the Volume Flow rate (M/s)
B)
For rectangular duct, width "a" X width "b" = cross sectional area
For circular duct
(pye r squared)
Then air velocities ,..may be increassed by a factor of 10% to allow for any su
C)
From the area of the duct the simpliest formula we can use to calculate the flow rate
we can calculate the flow rate in M/sec by the following formula
Flow Rate
M/sec
Once that we have the flow rate (M/sec), we can determin whether the duct size
is as required, whilst keeping the velocities within minimum and maximum
criteria as detailed within the CIBSE Guides
D)
Once that we have settled on the duct size and duct velocity we can determine the
Pressure loss through each of the duct fittings bythe following formula and criteria
K Factor
= PD for fittings
K Factor =
K X Pv
Once that we have settled on the duct size and duct velocity we can also determ
Pressure loss through the duct itself bythe following formula and criteria
USE OF D'ARCY Formula
use of D'Arcy Formula
h =
2 ( a + b ) f L V
2gab
Where
h
a
b
L
V
Pa
Pw
ENTER DATA
below
1.2 Kg/m
998 Kg/m
0.45
=
Note that 1 mm WG =
DATA to ,..INPUT
9.81 pa resistance
mm
Example
Sum of
Volume flo
3.99 m / sec
2 (a+b) f
0.45 value 1
sum of V
Sum of Value 1 * 2
Sum of 2 g a b
Sum of
0.200
0.500
7.164045
1.1772
0.001202
6.085665
or
mm
0.300
15.9201 value 2
Pa
Pw
h =
Duct size
### M WG
7.317433 mm WG
### pa / metre
OUTPUT / ANSWER
We have a program in excell which calculates the duct size, given the volume flow rate
and calculates the pressure loss per metre run and pressure loss per fitting
(Screen shots of this ductalator, program have been included at the end of this document
for information and examples)
The calculations in this document will determine the required Velocity through the duct
the specified size of duct and the required pressure drop through each section of duct and fitting
associated with the duct installation, however there may be slight variations between
the computor calculation and the manual calculation method.
OUTPUT / ANSWER
.6 X E12 X E12
EXAMPLE Type 2
AS CIBSE ,..K Factors for fittings
DUCT Sizing
Volume Flow Rate
Duct Width
Duct Height
0.064 m/s
150 mm
150 mm
Hydraulic Diameter
165 mm
Velocity
Dynamic Pressure
Reynolds Number
Roughness
FDash (Alsthul Approx)
Friction Factor
Pressure Drop / m
Pressure loss Factor
Fitting K Factor s/t
Fitting Pressure Drop
2.99
5.35
2.7E+04
0.15
0.0265
0.0265
0.86
0.75
4.01
m/s
pa
mm
pa/m
5.35 pa
by 10 is by a Factor of experience
M 23 air leakage requirements,..but as a general guide 10 is used
EXAMPLE Type 3
DUCT Sizing
Volume Flow Rate
Duct Width
Duct Height
0.064 m/s
150 mm
150 mm
Hydraulic Diameter
165 mm
Velocity
Dynamic Pressure
Reynolds Number
Roughness
FDash (Alsthul Approx)
Friction Factor
Pressure Drop / m
Fitting K Factor s/t
0.45 mm WG
Fitting Pressure Drop
2.99
5.35
2.7E+04
0.15
0.0265
0.0265
0.86
m/s
pa
mm
pa/m
8.918197
4.46 pa
K = V squared
divided by
2g
where 2 g is
2 times Gravity at
9.81 mm WG
Times 9.81 to
convert to pa