18.thermodynamics (Exercise)

THERMODYANAMICS
LEVEL # 1
Temperature scale
Q.1
Q.2
Q.3
Q.4
Q.5
Q.8
A temperature different of 5C on Celsius scale

corresponds to the following temperature
difference in the Fahrenheit scale
(A) 9
(B) 41
(C) 2.8
(D) 15
In a temperature scale called Z the boiling point
of water is at 65 Z and the freezing point is at
14 Z. Then the temperature T = 98 Z
corresponds on the Fahrenheit scale to
(A) 191 F
(B) 159 F
(C) 79F
(D) none of the above
Suppose that on a temperature scale X, water
boils at 53.5X and freezes at 170X. What
would be temperature of 340K be on the X
scale ?
(A) 544
(B) 103
(C) 91.9
(D) 120.5
0C is equivalent to the following :
(A) 273.15 K
(B) 273 K
(C) 0 K
(D) 32 K
(A) first bullet

(B) second bullet
(C) equal in both bullets (D) none of these
Q.9
Q.10
Q.11
Q.7
(B) 60
(C) 350
(D) 6
A lead sphere of mass one kg falls from a height

of 126m. If the whole kinetic energy is converted
into heat, then increase in its temperature will be:
(specific heat of lead is 30 calorie/kgC and g = 9.8
m/sec2)
(A) 9.8C
The temperature of a substance rises by 27C.

The rise is temperature in Kelvin scale will be :
(A) 300 K
(B) 2.46 K
(C) 27 K
(D) 7 K
A water fall is 84 m high. Assuming that half the

kinetic energy of the falling water gets converted
to heat, the rise in temperature of water is (A) 0.098C
(B) 0.98C
(C) 9.8C
(D) 0.0098C
An object of 5kg mass falls from a height of 30m.

If the whole amount of mechanical energy is
converted into heat, the number of calories
generated is :
(A) 150
(B) 4.2C
(C) 4.7 C
(D) 37C
A body of 10 kg mass falls form a height of 25m

and gets rebound to 0.50m. If the loss in energy
is converted to heat the body, then rise in
temperature will be : (sp. heat of material is 25.2
J/kgK)
(A) 9.8 K
(C) 0.0095 K
Mechanical equivalent of heat

Q.6
Two bullets of same metal and mass 10gm and

5gm respectively collide against a target with the
same velocity. If the whole energy of the bullets
is used up in increasing their temperatures then
greater increase of temperature will be in :
(B) 0.095 K
(D) none of these
Work done in different thermodynamic

process
Q.12
A lead bullet at 27C just melts when stopped by

an obstacle . Assuming that 25% of heat is
absorbed by the obstacle, then the velocity of
the bullet at the time of striking (M.P. of lead =
327C specific heat of lead = 0.03 cal/gm/0C, latent
heat of fusion of lead = 6cal/gmand J = 4.2
Joule/cal)
(A) 410 m/sec
(B) 1230 m/sec
(C) 307.5 m/sec
(D) none of these
Corporate Office: CP Tower, Road No.1, IPIA, Kota (Raj.), Ph: 0744-2434159
A thermodynamical system goes from one state

to another state (as shown in fig) the external
work done is given by
B (2P1V)
^
A (P1V)
V
(A) PV
(B) 2PV
(C) zero
(D) 2P2V2
THERMODYNAMICS
97
Q.13
A thermodynamical system goes from state A to

state B (as shown figure), the work done is given
by -
A
(P, V)
Q.17
4P1
B
(P, 2V)
P1
Q.14
(A) PV
(B) 2PV
(C) zero
(D) 2P2V2
A system changes from the state (P1, V1) to

(P2 , V2) as shown in the figure below. What is
the work done by the system
(A) 7.5 105 joule

(C) 12 105 joule
Q.15
Q.18
(B) 7.5 104erg

(D) 6 105 joule
Q.19
Q.16
C
V1
3V1
(A) 12P1V1
(B) 6P1V1
(C) 3P1V1
(D) P1V1
As shown in the diagram, for a closed path ABCA
(A) the amount of work done by the system is

zero
(B) the amount of work done by the system is =
1
(P2 P1) (V2 V1)

2
(C) the amount of work done on the system is =
(P 2 P1) (V1 V2)
(D) the amount of work done by the system is
1
=
(P2 P1 ) ( V2 V1 )
2
An ideal gas is transformed from state

A(P1, V1) to the state B(P2, V2) through path AB.
In this process the work done by the gas is
(A) W = area ABCDA

(C) W = area ABGA
An ideal gas is taken through series of changes

ABCA. The amount of work involved in the cycle
is
(B) W = area ABEFA

(D) W = area ABCOFA
A gas of given mass, is brought from stage A to

B along three paths 1, 2 and 3 , as shown in the
figure. If the amount of work done in these three
processes is respectively equal to W1, W2 and
W3 , then
An ideal monoatomic gas is taken round the

cycle ABCDA as shown P-V diagram. The workdone during the cycle is
(2P, V)
B
A
(P, V)
(2P, 2V)
C
D
(P, 2V)
V
(A) PV
(B) 2PV
(C) PV/2
(D) zero
(A) W1 > W2 > W3

(B) W1 < W2 < W3
(C) W1 = W2 = W3
(D) W1 < W2, W3 < W2
THERMODYNAMICS
98
Q.20
The indicator diagrams representing minimum and

maximum amounts of work done are respectively.
P
(B)
V
(C)
(D)
V
(A) c and a
(C) b and a
(A) path ACB

(C) path AEB
(B) a and c
(D) d and b
In the indicator diagram shown, the work done

along path AB is -
Q.26
40
20
(N/m2)
Q.27
10 O 1.0
2.0
(A) Zero
(C) 20 Joule
Q.23
3.0 V
In the above problem work done along path BC

is.
(A) Zero
(B) (40 20) = 20 Joule
(C) 40 Joule
(D) 60 Joule
In the above question, the work done along
path CA is
(A) 20 Joule
(B) 30 Joule
(C) 30 Joule
(D) Zero
Q.28
First law of thermodynamics

Q.24
A thermodynamic system is taken through the

cycle abcda, find the total heat rejected by the
gas during the process
(A) 10J
(B) 20J
(C) 30J
(D) 40J
Q.30
200Kpa
100Kpa
100cm3
300cm3
(B) 60 Calorie
(D) 100 Calorie
The differential form of first law of

thermodynamics is (A) Q = W + U
(C) Q = U W
Q.29
(B) 680 erg

(D) 860 Joule
For a thermodynamic process Q = 50 calorie

and W = 20 calorie. If the initial internal
energy is 30 calorie then final internal energy
will be (A) 191.20 Calorie
(C) 100 Calorie
(B) 20 Joule
(D) 60 Joule
(B) path ADB

(D) path AFB
A system is given 400 calories of heat and

1000 Joule of work is done by the system, then
the change in internal energy of the system
will be (A) 680 Joule
(C) 860 Joule
30 -
Q.22
An ideal system can be brought from stage A to

B through four paths as shown in the figure.
The energy given to the system is minimum in :
(A)
Q.21
Q.25
(B) Q = W U
(D) Q + U + W = 0
When an ideal diatomic gas is heated at constant

pressure then what fraction of heat given is used
to increase internal energy of gas ?
(A)
5
7
(B)
3
7
(C)
3
5
(D)
2
5
A system absorbs 103 calories of heat and the

system does 1675 Joule work. The internal energy
of the system increases by 2515 Joule. The
value of J is
(A) 4.18 Cal/Joule
(C) 42 Joule/cal
(B) 420 Joule/cal

(D) 4.19 Joule/cal
THERMODYNAMICS
99
Q.31
In the adjoined figure the indicator diagram of an

ideal thermodynamic gas system is represented.
If the change in internal energy along the path
acb is 10 calorie then change in internal energy
along the path bda will be P
Q.33
Q.34
Q.35
In the above problem, if the work done along

path ac is 20 calorie then the heat given to the
system along path acb will be.
(A) 20 Cal.
(B) 10 Cal.
(C) 30 Cal.
(D) 10 Cal.
A gas is compressed from 10 m3 volume to 4m3
volume at constant pressure of 50 N/m2. Then
the gas is heated by giving it 100 Joules of
energy. The internal energy of the gas will
(A) Increase by 100 Joule
(B) increase by 200 Joule
(C) increases by 400 Joule
(D) decrease by 200 Joule.
The pressure of given mass of a gas in a
thermodynamic system is changed in such a way
that 20 joule of heat is released from the gas and
8 joule of work is done on the gas. If the initial
internal energy of the gas was 30 joule then final
internal energy will be
(A) 2 Joule
(B) 42 Joule
(C) 18 Joule
(D) 58 Joule
(B) 60J
(D) 10J
Q.37
In the foregoing question, work done in the

process A B C A is :
(A) 50J
(B) 60J
(C) 30J
(D) zero
Q.38
A system does 30 joule work after absorbing 32

cal heat. The change in the internal energy of
the system will be (A) 92J
(C) 2J
(B) 104.4J
(D) 164.4J
Q.39
Among of work done in changing the state of a

system is 15J. If the internal energy and change
in internal energy 60J and + 15J, then (A) Q = 30 J, Uf = 45 J (B) Q = 0, U f = 75 J
(C) Q = 30 J, Uf = 75 J (D) Q = 0, Uf = 45 J
Q.40
The change in internal energy during the

adiabatic expansion of 2 mole gas is found to be
( ) 100 J. The work done during the process
will be
(A) zero
(C) 200J
(B) 100J
(D) 100J
Thermodynamic process
Q.41
In the diagram, the graph between volume and

pressure for a thermodynamical process in shown.
If UA = 0, UB = 20J and the energy given from
B to C is 30J, then at the stage of C, the internal
energy of the system is
Four curves A, B, C and D are drawn in the

figure for a given amount of a gas. The curves
representing adiabatic and isothermal process
are
(A) C and D respectively

(B) D and C respectively
(C) A and B respectively
(D) B and A respectively
Q.42
(A) 50J
(C) 30J
In the foregoing question, the amount of energy

given to the system from A to B is :
(A) 50J
(C) 30J
(A) 10 Calorie
(B) 10 Calorie
(C) more then 10 Calorie (D) less than 10 Calorie
Q.32
Q.36
(B) 60J
(D) 10J
In reference of above figure, no heat exchange

between the gas and the surrounding will take
place if the gas is taken along (A) curve A
(C) curve C
(B) curve B
(D) curve D
THERMODYNAMICS 100
Q.43
During the adiabatic change of ideal gas, the

relation between the pressure and the density
will be P1
(A) P =
2
Fd I
G
Hd JK
Q.45
(B) P 1d1 = P 2d2

P1
(D) P =
2
Fd I
G
Hd JK
1/
The slope of indicator curve in adiabatic change

relative to volume axis is (A) P/V
(B) P/V1
(D)
PI
F
G
HVJK
Q.46
The ratio of slopes of adiabatic and isotherm

is (A) 1 :
(B) 1 : 1
(C) : 1
(D) 1 : 4
Q.47
Two curves are given at temperatures T1 and T2

in an isothermal process, then -
(A) T1 > T2
(C) T1 < T2
Q.48
Q.49
(A) isothermal, adiabatic, isometric

(B) isobaric, isothermal, isometric
(C) isometric, isobaric, adiabatic
(D) isometric, isobaric, isothermal
The pressure of the gas filled in thermally

insulated container is P and temperature is T. If
the ratio of specific heats of the gas is , which
of the following will be constant (A) PT1
(B) P T1
(C) P1 T
(D) P T1
P
(C) (V)
Three curves are shown in the P-V diagram. P, Q

and R represent the processes respectively -
1/
(C) P1d1 = P2d2

Q.44
Q.50
Q.51
If 1 Kg air (g = 1.4) is heated adiabatically from

0C to 10C then increase in its internal energy
will be- (Cv = 0.172 Cal/gmC)
(A) 1720 Joule
(B) 7224 Joule
(C) 172 Calorie
(D) 7224 Calorie
Q.52
In an adiabatic process :
(A) the internal energy of the system remains
constant
(B) the pressure of the system remains constant
(C) the volume of the system remains constant
(D) heat energy stored in it remains constant
Q.53
In an adiabatic expansion of a gas, its

temperature :
(A) always increases
(B) always diminishes
(C) remains constant
(D) diminishes intitially and then increases
Q.54
In an adiabatic process, temperature of a gas is

doubled by compression, the final pressure will
be :
(A) doubled
(B) more than double
(C) less than double
(D) much greater than double
Q.55
In an adiabatic process, n moles of a perfect gas

expand from temperature T1 to T 2. The amount
of work done by the gas will be :
(A) Cp(T 1 T2 )/n
(B) Cv(T1 T2)/n
(C) nCp (T1 T2)
(D) nCv(T1 T2 )
Q.56
A perfect gas is compressed adiabatically. In that

state the value of P/P will be :
(B) T1 = T2
(D) no knowledge
The initial volume and pressure of a gas are V

and P respectively. It is expand by two different
processes such that in each process the final
volume becomes 2V. If the work done in
isothermal change is W1 and the amount of work
done in adiabatic change is W2, then (A) W1 > W2
(B) W1 < W2
(C) W1 = W2
(D) nothing can be said
Dry air at one atmospheric pressure is suddenly
compressed so that its volume becomes onefourth. Its pressure will become ( = 1.5)
(A) 4 atm
(B) 8 atm
(C) 16 atm
(D) 32 atm
(A) .
V
(C)
V
V
(B)
V
V
(D) +
V
V
THERMODYNAMICS 101
Q.57
In an adiabatic expansion of 2 moles of a gas, the

change in its internal energy was found to be
100J. The work done in this process is :
(A) zero
(C) 200 J
Q.58
Q.60
(B) 1000 J
(D) 100 J
The pressure and volume of a gas are P and V.

If its pressure is reduced to P/2, by (A) isothermal
process (B) by adiabatic process then the final
volume will be :
(A) 250K increase

(C) 325K increase
Q.61
(B) 250 K decrease

(D) 325 K decrease
(A) more in A
(B) more in B
During isothermal expansion at 800 K, the

working substance of a Carnot's engine releases
480 calories of heat. If the sink be at 300 K, then
the work done by the working substance during
isothermal expansion will be -
(C) equal in A and B

(D) depends on the nature of gas
(A) 190 cal.

(C) 270 cal
Q.62
Second law of thermodynamics

Q.59
A Carnot engine, whose sink is at 300 K, has an

efficiency of 40%. By how much the source
temperature should be changed so as to increase
the efficiency to 60% ?
An ideal heat engine exhausting heat at 77C is

to have a 30% efficiency. It must take heat at (A) 127C
(C) 327C
(B) 227C
(D) 673C
(B) 480 cal

(D) 360 cal
Two steam engine A and B, have their sources

respectively at 700 K and 650 K and their sinks
at 350 K and 300 K. Then
(A) A is more efficient than B
(B) B is more efficient than A
(C) both are equally efficient
(D) depends on the fuels used in A & B
THERMODYNAMICS 102
N SWER
K EY
A NASWER
K EY
Q.No.
Ans
Q.No.
Q.No.
1
AnsA
Ans
Q.No.
Q.No. 16
AnsA
Ans
Q.No.
Q.No. 31
AnsB
Ans
Q.No.
Q.No. 46
AnsC
Ans
Q.No.
Ans
61
B
1
A
2
B
3
C
4
A
5
C
9
C
10
A
11
A
12
C
13
A
14
C
15
A
16
2
A
B
31
17
B
C
46
32
C
C
61
47
B
C
17
3
C
C
32
18
C
B
47
33
C
C
62
48
B
A
18
4
B
A
33
19
C
B
48
34
A
C
19
5
B
C
34
20
C
B
49
35
B
A
20
6
B
A
35
21
A
B
50
36
B
B
21
7
B
A
36
22
B
A
51
37
B
C
22
8
A
C
37
23
C
C
52
38
D
B
23
9
C
C
38
24
B
B
53
39
B
B
24
10
B
A
39
25
B
D
54
40
B
D
25
11
D
A
40
26
D
A
55
41
D
C
26
12
A
C
41
27
C
B
56
42
C
A
27
13
B
A
42
28
A
A
57
43
D
C
28
14
A
C
43
29
C
A
58
44
A
C
29
15
A
A
44
30
C
D
59
45
B
D
30
D
49
B
50
B
51
B
52
D
53
B
54
B
55
D
56
C
57
D
58
A
59
B
60
A
11
D
12
C
13
C
14
C
15
C
L EV
EL
#1
A
A
C
62
B
L EV EL # 2
Q.No.
Ans
Q.No.
Ans
1
B
2
B
3
B
4
D
5
A
6
B
7
C
8
C
9
D
10
C
16
C
17
A
18
C
19
B
20
C
21
D
22
D
23
C
24
B
25
B
L EV EL # 3
Q.No.
Ans
Q.No.
Ans
1
B
2
D
3
A
4
D
5
D
6
A
7
C
16
C
17
C
18
A
19
D
20
D
21
C
22
D
8
B
9
D
10
D
11
A
12
D
13
A
14
B
15
C
9
D
10
A
11
C
12
A
13
C
14
B
15
A
9
B
10
A
11
D
12
C
13
A
L EV EL # 4
SECTION-A
Q.No.
Ans
1
C
2
C
3
A
4
A
5
D
6
B
7
A
8
B
SECTION-B
Q.No.
Ans
1
D
2
A
3
C
4
B
5
D
6
D
7
A
8
A
14. A S ; B P, R ; C R ; D Q, S
THERMODYNAMICS 111
45
D
60
A

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What are the different temperature scales discussed in the passage?

What are the different temperature scales discussed in the passage?

What are the different thermodynamic processes mentioned in the passage?

What are the different thermodynamic processes mentioned in the passage?

THERMODYANAMICS

A temperature different of 5C on Celsius scale

(A) first bullet

A lead sphere of mass one kg falls from a height

The temperature of a substance rises by 27C.

A water fall is 84 m high. Assuming that half the

An object of 5kg mass falls from a height of 30m.

A body of 10 kg mass falls form a height of 25m

Mechanical equivalent of heat

Two bullets of same metal and mass 10gm and

Work done in different thermodynamic

A lead bullet at 27C just melts when stopped by

A thermodynamical system goes from one state

A thermodynamical system goes from state A to

A system changes from the state (P1, V1) to

(A) 7.5 105 joule

(B) 7.5 104erg

(A) the amount of work done by the system is

(P2 P1) (V2 V1)

An ideal gas is transformed from state

(A) W = area ABCDA

An ideal gas is taken through series of changes

(B) W = area ABEFA

A gas of given mass, is brought from stage A to

An ideal monoatomic gas is taken round the

(A) W1 > W2 > W3

The indicator diagrams representing minimum and

(A) path ACB

In the indicator diagram shown, the work done

In the above problem work done along path BC

First law of thermodynamics

A thermodynamic system is taken through the

The differential form of first law of

(B) 680 erg

For a thermodynamic process Q = 50 calorie

(B) path ADB

A system is given 400 calories of heat and

An ideal system can be brought from stage A to

When an ideal diatomic gas is heated at constant

A system absorbs 103 calories of heat and the

(B) 420 Joule/cal

In the adjoined figure the indicator diagram of an

In the above problem, if the work done along

In the foregoing question, work done in the

A system does 30 joule work after absorbing 32

Among of work done in changing the state of a

The change in internal energy during the

In the diagram, the graph between volume and

Four curves A, B, C and D are drawn in the

(A) C and D respectively

In the foregoing question, the amount of energy

In reference of above figure, no heat exchange

During the adiabatic change of ideal gas, the

(B) P 1d1 = P 2d2