Differentiation - GATE Study Material in PDF
Differentiation - GATE Study Material in PDF
Differentiation - GATE Study Material in PDF
PDF
Differentiation is one the two important operations, along with Integration, in Calculus.
These Free Study Notes are important for GATE EC, GATE EE, GATE ME, GATE CS, GATE
CE as well as other exams like BARC, BSNL, IES, DRDO etc.
These GATE Study Material can be downloaded in PDF so that your exam preparation is
made easy and you ace your paper. Before you start, make sure you go through the
basics of Engineering Mechanics though.
Recommended Reading
Types of Matrices
Properties of Matrices
Rank of a Matrix & Its Properties
Solution of a System of Linear Equations
Eigen Values & Eigen Vectors
Linear Algebra Revision Test 1
Laplace Transforms
Limits, Continuity & Differentiability
If the value of f'(x) is finite on (a, b) then it is said to be derivable on (a, b). The
derivatives of various functions with examples are given below.
Example 1:
Find
dy
dx
, if y + sin y = cos x
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Solution:
dy
dy
+ cos y dx = sin x
dx
dy
dx
(1 + cos y) = sin x
dy
sin x
Example 2:
Find the value of f(x) where f(x) = sin-1 x
Solution:
Let y = sin-1 x sin y = x
dy
cos y dx = 1
dy
dx
= cos y
= 1x2
Note:
d
dx
(tan1 x) =
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1
1+x2
Logarithmic Differentiation
The below example explains the method of derivative of Logarithmic functions
Example 3:
Differentiate,
(x3)(x2 +4)
3x2 +4x+5
with respect to x.
Solution:
(x3)(x2 +4)
let y =
3x2 +4x+5
2x
6x+4
(x3)(x2 +4)
= 2
dx
3x2 +4x+5
2x
6x+4
Example 4:
dy
Solution:
dx
d
dy
d
dy
dx
= a(1 + cos )
= a sin
=
dy
d
dx
d
a sin
= a(1+cos )
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dy
dx
dy
dx
2 sin cos
2 cos2
= tan 2
Example 5:
Find the value of
dy
dx
if x 3 + y 3 = a3
Solution:
Let x = a cos 3 and y = a sin3 which satisfies the above equation
dx
d
dy
d
= 3a cos 2 sin
= 3a sin2 cos
dy
=
dx
dy
d
dx
d
= tan = x
dy
d2 y
dx dx
dx2
Note:
Let the function f(x) be continuous on [a, b] and differentiable on the open interval (a,
b), then
1. f(x) is strictly increasing in [a, b] if f(x) > 0 for each x (a, b)
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Example 6:
Find the intervals in which the function f is given by
f(x)= sin x + cos x
: 0 x 2
Solution:
We have, f(x) = sin x + cos x
f'(x) = cos x sin x
5
and x =
5
Namely [0, 4 ) , (4 ,
5
4
in 0 x 2
) and ( 4 , 2]
Note that f(x) > 0 if x [0, 4 ) ( 4 , 2] that means f is strictly increasing in this
interval
5
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