Iraudamp1 PDF
Iraudamp1 PDF
Iraudamp1 PDF
IRAUDAMP1 revB
USA
IRAUDAMP1 revB
Description
The IRAUDAMP1 is an example of a simple complete class D audio power amplifier design using
the IR2011S, high speed high voltage gate driver IC. The design contains protection functions
and house keeping power supplies for ease of use. This reference design is intended to
demonstrate how to use the IR2011S, implement protection circuits, and design an optimum PCB
layout.
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Specifications
Vcc=50V, RL = 4 unless otherwise noted.
Output Stage
Topology
Modulator
Half Bridge
THD+N
Efficiency
93%
S/N
115dB
Damping Factor
Frequency Response
Channel Separation
200
3Hz ~ 40kHz (-3dB)
100dB
80dB
4
IR Devices Used
Switching Frequency
Rated Output Power
Minimum Load
Impedance
Power Supply
Quiescent Current
Dimensions
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No signal
1kHz, THD=1.0%
1kHz, THD=10%
1kHz, THD=1.0%, 60V
1kHz, THD=10%, 60V
1kHz, 100W,
AES-17 LPF
1kHz, 350W,
Class D stage
IHF-A Weighted,
BW=20kHz
8, 1KHz
100Hz
10kHz
Instructions
Connection Diagram
A typical test setup is shown in Fig.1.
Pin Description
J1 CH-1 IN
J2 CH-2 IN
J3 POWER
J5 CH-1 OUT
J6 CH-2 OUT
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Resetting Protection
1.
2.
3.
4.
Power Supply
The IRAUDAMP1 requires a pair of symmetric dual power supplies ranging from 25V to 60V. A
regulated power supply is preferable for performance measurements, but not always necessary.
The bus capacitor, C38-41 on the board along with high frequency bypass C31, C32, C35, and
C36; are designed to take care only of the high frequency ripple current components from the
switching action. A set of bus capacitors having enough capacitance to handle the audio ripple
current must be placed outside the board if an unregulated power supply is used.
Bus Pumping
Since the IRAUDAMP1 is a half bridge configuration, the bus pumping phenomenon occurs when
the amplifier outputs low frequency signal is below 100Hz. The bus pumping phenomenon is
unavoidable; significant bus voltage fluctuations caused by a reverse energy flow coming back to
the power supply from the class D amplifier. This might cause an unacceptable instablility
condition in the feedback system of a power supply.
The bus pumping becomes worse in the following conditions.
- lower the output frequency
- lower the load impedance
- higher the output voltage
- smaller the bus capacitance in bus capacitors
If the bus voltage become too high or too low, the IRAUDAMP1 will shutdown the switching
operation, and remain in the off condition until resetting the protection using the method
described above.
One of the easiest countermeasures is to drive both of the channels out of phase so that the
reverse energy from one channel is consumed by the other, and does not return to the power
supply.
Load Impedance
The IRAUDAMP1 is designed for a load impedance of 4 and larger. The frequency response
will have a small peak at the corner frequency of the output LC LPF if the loading impedance is
higher than 4. The IRAUDAMP1 is stable with capacitive loading, however, it should be realized
that the frequency response will be degraded by a heavy capacitive loading of more than 0.1F.
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Adjustment
DC offset for CH-1
Switching Frequency for CH-1
DC offset for CH-2
Switching Frequency for CH-2
Thermal Considerations
The IRAUDAMP1 unitlizes a relatively thick aluminum block heatsink for peak power output handling
capabilities. It can handle continuous 1/8 of the rated power, which is generally considered to be a
normal operating condition in safety standards, for a considerable length of time such as one hour. The
size of the heatsink, however, is not sufficient to handle continuous rated power.
Fig.2 shows the relationship between total power dissipation and temperature rise at equilibrium. If
testing requires running conditions with continuous power a higher than 1/8 of the rated power, then,
attach extensions to the top of the heatsink using three M4 screw taps prepared for this purpose. Please
note that the heatsink is electrically connected to the GND pin.
60.00
Ta=25 degC
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
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Functional Description
Feed back
+V C C
++
Integrator
LT1220
Level Shifter
2N5401
IR2011S
Gate
Driver
LPF
GND
Comparator
74HC04
IRFB23N15
-V C C D
-VCC
Fig. 3 Simplified Block Diagram of Amplifier
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Under normal conditions the SD signal is low and the drive signal are passed directly through the
AND gates to the IR2011S gate driver.
The IR2011 drives two IRFB23N15D MOSFETs in the power stage to provide the amplified
Digital PWM waveform.
The amplified analog output is recreated by demodulating the amplified PWM . This is done by
means of the LC Low Pass Filter formed by L1 and C51, which filters out the class D switching
signal .
Switching Frequency
The self oscillating frequency is determined by the total delay time inside the loop. The following
parameters affect the frequency.
- Delay time in logic circuits
- The gate driver propagation delay
- MOSFET switching speed
- Integration time constant in the front end integrator, e.g. R1, R23, R26, C17, and C18 for
CH-1.
- Supply Voltages
Gate Driver
The IRAUDAMP1 uses the IR2011S gate driver IC which is suitable for high speed, high speed
switching applications up to 200V. In this design, the difference between ton and toff is used to
generate a dead-time (a blanking time in between the on state of the two MOSFETs). Because of
this, there is no gate timing adjustment on the board.
Startup Circuit
A self oscillating scheme contains class D switching stage that requires a start-up triggering
signal to charge the high side bootstrap capacitor . The starter circuits, Q9 and Q10, detect the
rising edge of Vcc and turn the low side MOSFETs on for about 200mS to charge the bootstrap
capacitors C23 and C24, then release the loop allowing the oscillation to start.
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Protection
The IRAUDAMP1 includes protection features for overvoltage (OVP), overcurrent (OCP), and DC
current protection. All of the protection uses OR logic so that any of the protection features when
activated will disengage the output relay to cut off the load and protect the speakers. OCP and
OVP functions are latched, DC protection is unlatched. To reset the protection, the bus voltage
has to be reset to zero volts before re-applying power. The protection circuitry will also shutdown
the amplifier if a fault condition is detected.
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Typical Performance
Vcc=50V, RL = 4 unless otherwise noted.
International Rectifier
02/25/04 10:06:24
International Rectifier
+2
+0
+0
-20
02/25/04 17:05:17
-40
-2
d
B
V
A-A CROSSTALK or
SEPARATION vs FREQUENCY
-60
-4
d
B
-80
-6
-100
-8
-120
-10
20
50
100
200
500
1k
2k
5k
10k
20k
50k
-140
200k
Hz
20
50
100
200
500
1k
2k
5k
10k
20k
Hz
Sweep
Trace
Color
Line Style
Thick
Data
Axis
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
Blue
Cyan
Red
Green
Solid
Solid
Solid
Solid
1
1
1
1
Anlr.Ampl!Normalize
Anlr.Level B!Normalize
Anlr.Ampl!Normalize
Anlr.Level B!Normalize
Left
Left
Left
Left
Comment
4 ohm
8 ohm
Sweep
Trace
Color
Line Style
Thick
Data
Axis
Comment
1
1
1
2
Blue
Cyan
Solid
Solid
1
1
Anlr.Crosstalk
Anlr.Crosstalk
Left
Left
4 ohm
4 ohm
International Rectifier
02/27/04 18:39:45
International Rectifier
02/25/04 11:17:24
100
1
0.5
10
0.2
0.1
0.05
0.02
%
%
0.1
0.01
0.005
0.002
0.01
0.001
0.0005
0.001
100m
200m
500m
10
20
50
100
200
0.0002
600
0.0001
20
W
Sweep
Trace
Color
Line Style
Thick
Data
Axis
Comment
1
2
3
4
5
1
1
1
1
1
Yellow
Red
Magenta
Blue
Cyan
Solid
Solid
Solid
Solid
Solid
2
2
2
2
2
Anlr.THD+N Ratio
Anlr.THD+N Ratio
Anlr.THD+N Ratio
Anlr.THD+N Ratio
Anlr.THD+N Ratio
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
30v
25v
40v
50v
60v
50
100
200
5k
10k
20k
Trace
Color
Line Style
Thick
Data
Axis
Comment
1
2
3
1
1
1
Blue
Red
Magenta
Solid
Solid
Solid
1
1
1
Anlr.THD+N Ratio
Anlr.THD+N Ratio
Anlr.THD+N Ratio
Left
Left
Left
02/25/04 18:11:00
International Rectifier
+0
+0
-20
-20
-40
02/25/04 18:08:39
-40
d
B
r
-60
-80
-60
-80
A
-100
-100
-120
-120
-140
-140
10
20
50
100
200
500
1k
2k
5k
10k
20k
10
20
50
100
200
Hz
500
1k
2k
5k
10k
20k
Hz
Sweep
Trace
Color
Line Style
Thick
Data
Axis
Comment
Sweep
Trace
Color
Line Style
Thick
Data
Axis
Comment
Blue
Solid
Fft.Ch.1 Ampl
Left
Blue
Solid
Fft.Ch.1 Ampl
Left
A-A FFT.at2
Fig.10 Spectrum
(1kHz, 1V, 4, fSW=400KHz)
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2k
Sweep
d
B
r
1k
Hz
International Rectifier
500
A-A FFT.at2
10
8o
4o
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
0
100
200
300
400
P o w er (W )
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11
Schematic Diagrams
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12
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13
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14
Designator
2 IR
IR2011S
4 IR
IRFB23N15D
Q6,Q5,Q8,Q7
IRFB23N15D
3 IR
1
MURS120DICT
D14,D16,D21
MURS120DICT
Heatsink
2
Lite-On
1 Trading USA,
Inc.
12 Diodes Inc.
2
1
1
2
2
2
3
4
2
3
1
4
3
1
Phoenix
Contact
Phoenix
Contact
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Diodes Inc.
Diodes Inc.
Diodes Inc.
CUI Inc
Building
Fasteners
Building
Fasteners
Building
Fasteners
Building
Fasteners
LTST-C150GKT
1N4148W-7
Linear
Technology
J W Miller
1
Magnetics
5 Panasonic
3 Diodes Inc.
L2,L1
18uH
LED1
LTST-C150GKT
D1,D2,D3,D4,D5,D1
7,D20,D23,D24,D25, 1N4148WDICT-ND
D22,D99
LED, SMD
DIODE
J6,J5
MKDS5/2-9.5
terminal 2P
1714984
J3
MKDS5/3-9.5
terminal 3P
Q17
Q18,Q19
U99,U98
Z5,Z1
D15,Z3,Z2
D19,Z6,D18,Z4
J1,J2
2SB789A
2SD968A
UNR4223
24V
51V
5.6V
CP-1418-ND
2SB789A, SMD
2SD968A, SMD
UNR4223,
zener diode, SMD
zener diode
zener diode, SMD
CONN_RCA JACK
washer lock int tooth
#8 zinc
Screw, 4-40 Philips,
L=0.5"
2SB0789A0L
2SD0968A0L
UNR4223
BZT52C24-7
BZT52C51-7
BZT52C5V6-7
RCJ-041
INT LWZ 008
Washer
Screw
Screw
Screw
Screw, M4 Philips,
L=12mm
LM2594HVM-ADJ
Step-Down Voltage
Regulator
LT1220CS8
OP AMP
330uH
inductor, SMD
LT1220CS8
U11
U12,U1
PM3316-331M
L3
MA2YD2300L
MMBT3904-7
D9,D6,D7,D8,D26
Q10,Q9,Q16
Q14,Q15,Q2,Q3,Q4,
Q1
Q12
6 Diodes Inc.
MMBT5401
1 Diodes Inc.
MMBT5551DICT-ND
2 NJR
NJM78L05UA
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IR2011S
Description
High and Low Side
Driver
N-Channel
MOSFET
fast recovery diode
Heatsink
inductor, T-106-2,
t=37, AWG18
1714971
National
LM2594HVM-ADJ
Semiconductor
U6,U7
Part Type
U13,U14
MA2YD23
DIODE
MMBT3904DICT-ND 2N3904, SMD
MMBT5401DICT-ND 2N5401, SMD
MMBT5551DICT-ND 2N5551, SMD
Positive Voltage
NJM78L05UA-ND
Regulator
15
NJM78M09FA
2 Panasonic
ERJ-6GEYJ102V
6 Panasonic
ERJ-6GEYJ101V
3 Panasonic
ERJ-6GEYJ104V
7 Panasonic
ERJ-6GEYJ100V
12 Panasonic
ERJ-6GEYJ103V
5 Panasonic
ERJ-6GEYJ223V
2
2
2
3
1
2
4
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
ERJ-6GEYJ334V
ERJ-6GEYJ4R7V
ERJ-6GEYJ471V
ERJ-6GEYJ473V
ERJ-6GEYJ681V
ERJ-6GEYJ561V
ERJ-6GEYJ9R1V
10 Panasonic
ECJ-2VB1H103K
Designator
U10
Part Type
1K
Description
Positive Voltage
Regulator
resistor, 0805
100
resistor, 0805
100K
resistor, 0805
10
resistor, 0805
10K
resistor, 0805
22K
resistor, 0805
330K
4.7
470
47K
680
560
9.1
resistor, 0805
resistor, 0805
resistor, 0805
resistor, 0805
resistor, 0805
resistor, 0805
resistor, 0805
0.01uF, 50V
capacitor, 0805
0.1uF, 25V
1uF, 16V
0.33uF, 25V
220pF, 100V
1000pF, 100V
1000pF, 50V
0.1uF, 100V
1uF, 16V
capacitor, 0805
capacitor, 1206
capacitor, 1206
capacitor, 0805
capacitor, 0805
capacitor, 0805
capacitor, 1206
capacitor, 0805
Capacitor, 50v,
0805
NJM78M09FA-ND
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
ECJ-2VB1E104K
ECJ-3YB1C105K
ECJ-3VB1E334K
ECJ-2VC2A221J
ECJ-2VC2A102J
ECJ-2VB1H102K
ECJ-3YB2A104K
ECJ-2FB1C105K
R7,R99
R17,R25,R23,R24,R
80,R98
R43,R41,R42
R47,R19,R66,R48,R
64,R66,R81
R70,R43,R18,R20,R
12,R14,R13,R65,R83
,R82,R63,R67
R68,R69,R30,R29,R
28
R8,R9
R49,R51
R35,R36
R71,R77,R78
R46
R84,R85
R32,R31,R50,R52
C27,C25,C14,C15,C
12,C13,C54,C53,C99
,C98
C57,C10,C8
C16,C45,C44
C24,C23
C1,C2
C20,C21,C17,C18
C63
C28,C26
C11,C9
1 Panasonic
ECJ-2VB1H272K
C84
5 Panasonic
ECE-V1CS100SR
3 Panasonic
ECE-V1CA101WP
C56,C58,C55
100uF, 16V
3 Panasonic
ECE-V1EA470UP
C62,C48,C61
47uF, 25V
4
3
3
2
ECW-U1224KC9
ERJ-1TYJ103U
ERJ-1TYJ100U
ERJ-1TYJ221U
C31,C36,C32,C35
R34,R74,R33
R61,R62,R76
R73,R72
0.22uF, 100V
10K, 1W
10, 1W
220, 1W
capacitor, 2820
resistor, 2512
resistor, 2512
resistor, 2512
1K
POTENTIOMETER
3
3
2
2
4
1
2
2
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
BC
2
Components
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ST32TB102
2.7nF, 50V
C59,C60,C29,C43,C
10uF, 16V
42
R26,R27
16
TC7WH08FU(TE12L)
1 Panasonic
XN0431400L
Omron
G4W-2214PUSHP-DC12
Electronics, Inc
Designator
Part Type
Description
5K
POTENTIOMETER
U3,U2
TC7WH04FU
U5,U4
TC7WH08FU
TRIPLE INVERTER
DUAL 2-INPUT
AND GATE
NPN-PNP
Transistor
R22,R21
Q13
XN04314
RLY1
SP Relay
Q11
ZXMN2A01
DPST-NO RELAY,
15A
1 Zetex Inc.
ZXMN2A01FTA
1 McMaster
98370A009
2 Vishay / Dale
2 Vishay / Dale
United Chemi2
Con
United Chemi3
Con
TYCO
1 ELECTRONIC
S-EM/T&B
4 Vishay / Dale
CRCW20104642F100
CRCW20105621F100
R1,R2
R10,R15
46.4K, 1W
5.62K, 1%, 1W
MOSFET, Nch
flat washer for heat
sink spacer
resistor, 2010
resistor, 2010
SMG50VB10RM5X11LL
C46,C47
10uF, 50V
aluminum cap
SMG50VB10RM5X11LL
C3,C4,C5
10uF, 50V
aluminum cap
switch
SPDT 3P Switch
SPC
Technology
2 AVX
2 AVX
4
Aavid
Thermalloy
TT11AG-PC-1
WSR-2 .05< 1%
S1
R38,R37,R75,R79 50mOHM, 2W
Lock Washer
WLS-04-017-SZ
BF074E0224J
BF074E0474J
C33,C37
C51,C52
4880
2 Vishay / Dale
CRCW20101001F100
4 HH Smith
8423
2
2
1
1
2
TNPW08051001BT9
TNPW08051002BT9
TNPW08051101BT9
TNPW08051022BT9
ERJ-6GEYJ682V
Vishay / Dale
Vishay / Dale
Vishay / Dale
Vishay / Dale
Vishay / Dale
United Chemi4
Con
Flat Washer
SME63VB471M12X25LL
R5,R3
R4,R6
R16,R11
R86
R87
R45,R44
Lock Washer, #4
0.22uF, 100V
0.47uF, 100V
capacitor, box
capacitor, box
To-220 mounting
To-220 mounting kit
kit, Type4880
1K, 1W, 1%
resistor, 2010
standoff, HEX
Standoff
threaded, L=0.5"
1K, 0.1%
resistor, 0805
10K, 0.1%
resistor, 0805
1.10K
resistor, 1%, 0806
10.2K
resistor, 1%, 0805
6.8K
resistor, 0805
power resistor, 2W
PWB
aluminum cap
Printed Wiring
Board
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R40,R39,R53,R54,R
55,R57,R58,R59,R56
,R60,C50,C49,C30,C
34,C22,C19,C7,C6,D
10,D11,D13,D12
17
Inductor Spec
Part number: NPT0104
Inductance: 18uH
Rated Current: 10A
Core: T106-2, Micrometals
Wire: AWG18, magnet wire
# of Turns: 37
Finish: Varnished
Mechanical Dimensions:
PCB layout
(1.1)
(0.15)
(0.5)
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18
Functional Allocation
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19
Mechanical Drawings
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20
IR WORLD HEADQUARTERS: 233 Kansas St., El Segundo, California 90245 Tel: (310) 252-7105
Data and specifications subject to change without notice. 2005
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21