COMMON FUND FOR COMMODITIES

Stadhouderskade 55. 1072 AB Amsterdam

The Netherlands

Annex Volume 1

Completion Report

On

ABACA: IMPROVEMENT OF FIBRE EXTRACTION AND

IDENTIFICATION OF HIGHER YIELDING VARIETIES
(FIGHF/09)

By
S.E. CUEVAS

Submitted By

Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and

Research in Agriculture (SEARCA)
 Impact Evaluation of CFC-Funded Projects in the Philippines
Annex Volume 1

Table of Contents

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................4

Main Findings ........................................................................................................4
Lessons Learnt .......................................................................................................4
Major Recommendations .......................................................................................4

II. INTRODUCTION................................................................................5
Period and place(s) of evaluation...........................................................................5
Composition of the evaluation team ......................................................................5

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE MAIN ELEMENTS OF THE PROJECTS ...6

Brief Background of the Project ............................................................................6
Abaca Fiber Extraction and Processing Tools / Machinery...........................6
Identification and Field Testing of Higher Yielding, Disease-Resistant Varieties9
Technical Support and Dissemination .............................................................10

IV. ANALYSIS OF PROJECT OBJECTIVES .......................................12

Importance of the problems addressed for the commodity and the beneficiaries12
Relevance to poverty alleviation and to national/international/regional
development strategy(s) .......................................................................................12
Suitability of the means to address the problems.................................................12

V. IMPLEMENTATION ANALYSIS......................................................13
Management of the projects and their activities.................................................13
Timeliness of implementation, achieving milestones..........................................13
Factors favourable to project implementation .....................................................13
Appropriateness of adjustments made during implementation............................13
Realisation of co-financing and counterpart commitments .................................13
Adherence to budgets...........................................................................................13

VI. IMPACT ANALYSIS ........................................................................14

Project results against objectives and targets.......................................................14
Economic (and social) importance of project results...........................................14
Impact on other factors (if any), such as environment.........................................15
Reaching the direct and indirect beneficiaries, including effectiveness of
dissemination of project results ...........................................................................15
Sustainability and replicability of project results.................................................15

VII. LESSONS LEARNT.........................................................................16

VIII. RECOMMENDATIONS....................................................................16

REFERENCES...........................................................................................17

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List of Annex
Annex A. Key Informants and Persons Contacted ........................................................ 18

List of Figures
Figure 1. Knife with roller guide ..................................................................................... 6
Figure 2. Knife with blade guide ..................................................................................... 6
Figure 3. Roller support for stalk..................................................................................... 7
Figure 4. Abaca mechanical tuxer ................................................................................... 7
Figure 5. Autofed decorticating machine......................................................................... 8
Figure 6. Maguindanao variety (with bunchy top and mosaic virus inset)................. 10

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I. Executive Summary
Main Findings
The project Abaca: Improvement of Fiber Extraction and Identification of
Higher Yielding Varieties was implemented by the Philippine government
through the Fiber Industry Development Authority of the Department of
Agriculture. United Nations Industrial Development Organization and FAO-
Intergovernmental Group on Hard Fibers supported it. The project aimed to
improve production of abaca fibers in producing countries such as the
Philippines through improvement in the efficiency of fiber extraction,
identification and selection of disease-tolerant and high yielding varieties, and
dissemination of project results.
The project achieved the development of mechanical tuxer and autofed
decorticating machine. These machines may fit in large Abaca farms like that of
Ecuador, but not the small abaca farms In the Philippines. The project was able
to identify several varieties that are disease-tolerant and high yielding, but
generally they are location specific. The findings could be further improved
through direct participation of abaca farmers in the Philippines in a farmer-
scientist research and extension program on abaca. Table 1 presents the logical
framework of the project summarizing the accomplishments and the
recommended further actions of the project.

Lessons Learnt
1. To improve efficiency in abaca fiber production, attention should be directed
at improving the performance reliability of machines through appropriate
changes in the technical design.
2. The high yielding and disease resistance characters of abaca varieties / clones
have regional or location variations.
3. Farmers generally prefer machines that are portable, fuel efficient, and
affordable.

Major Recommendations
1. The performance reliability of the mechanical tuxer should be improved,
redesigned to fit into a series of machines with the leafsheath separator and
improved spindle machine at the other side.
2. The autofed decorticating machine should be re-designed to accommodate
the full length of abaca leafsheath, with a feature that would separate the
layers of primary and secondary fibers. Have it portable size and fuel-
efficient.
3. Pursue the continuing selection of disease-tolerant and high-yielding abaca
varieties in all regions with cooperation of state colleges of agriculture and
implemented on a participatory approach with farmer-scientist. Use tissue-
cultured materials that are properly indexed as disease free.
4. Use the Farmers Manual in redesigning the training component.

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II. Introduction
The evaluation started with a visit-meeting with key officers of the Fiber
Industry Development Authority (FIDA) on September 22, 2006, and a meeting
with the Director together with her key staff who were involved in the
implementation of FC/INT/97/021 Abaca: Improvement of Fiber Extraction
and Identification of Higher Yielding Varieties, on October 20, 2006 at the
FIDA Central Office in Quezon City, Metro Manila. The consultant-evaluator
obtained the following documents from FIDA:
1. The project agreement,
2. appraisal report,
3. project proposal,
4. folder of the schedule of activities and accomplishment report,
5. proceedings of dissemination seminars,
6. final technical report, and
7. farmers manual on abaca production

After reading the documents, it was followed by visit to some project sites in
Leyte (Visayas) and Davao and South Cotabato (Mindanao) on October 26 to
November 2, 2006. Interviews of some people who are familiar with the project
output were conducted and a discussion with key staff of FIDA was done.
On November 8, 2006, another follow-up meeting with the key staff involved in
the project was held in the central office of FIDA.

Period and place(s) of evaluation

The project evaluation started on September 2006 up to mid-November, 2006
after the confirmation of the CFC under the project management of SEARCA
Consulting Services Department. After reading of the main project documents,
it was followed by visits to some project sites in the provinces of Leyte (Visayas
area), and Davao and South Cotabato (Mindanao area). Interviews of some
people who are familiar with the project output were conducted and discussions
with key staff of FIDA were done.

Composition of the evaluation team

The consultantevaluator, who is an associate professor and former Chairman of
the Department of Horticulture, UP Los Banos, is Prof. Severino E. Cuevas. He
is very familiar with the nature and status of Philippine abaca industry, having
been involved in the teaching, research, extension, and training on abaca
commodity.

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III. Description of the Main Elements of the Projects

Brief Background of the Project

Abaca Fiber Extraction and Processing Tools / Machinery

1. Development of Abaca Tuxer

The problem of increasing the efficiency of fiber extraction while
maintaining the fiber quality would start with improving the
efficiency of tuxying or separation of the outer layer of abaca
leafsheats where the primary fibers of superior quality are located. It
has to be separated from the inner layer of the leafsheath where
secondary fibers of lower quality are located.
In terms of time input among the steps in fiber extraction of abaca,
tuxying is the most laborious consuming about 45% of the labor cost.
Improving the tuxying efficiency would increase the efficiency of
fiber extraction and the corresponding production income of the
farmer.
To solve the problem, the project tried to design improved tuxying
tools and equipment.
The tools developed were:

1. Figure 1. Knife with roller guide

2. Figure 2. Knife with blade guide

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3. Figure 3. Roller support for stalk

The equipment developed was an abaca mechanical tuxer.

Figure 4. Abaca mechanical tuxer

The performance testing of the improved tools indicate that they are
user friendly, but may not be significantly more efficient than the
traditional knife, and therefore need further introduction to and
testing by the intended beneficiaries the abaca farmers.
The mechanical tuxer is effective in producing tuxy at higher
recovery than the manual method. However, the cost of producing
tuxy per kg is higher by 450 percent.
The intended beneficiaries of improved tools and equipment are the
fiber stripper, particularly the tuxedor, if they are working as a team.

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The result of developing improved tuxying tools and machine did not
increase the efficiency of abaca fiber production. But it was able to
develop prototypes that maintain the quality of fiber output. The
protypes could be tested for further improvement to attain the desired
efficiency.

2. Development of Abaca Decorticating Machine

Efficiency of fiber extraction in abaca could be improved by

retrieving both the primary and secondary fibers in each leafsheath.
Development of decorticating machine for abaca could triple the fiber
recovery compared to hand stripping, and double the fiber recovery
compared to spindle stripping. However, the quality of deco-abaca
fiber is not recommended for pulp production if the intended use
requires porosity, like tea bags and non-wovens, but is acceptable for
cordage and textiles.
A decorticating machine was developed, that is autofed with abaca
leafsheath that has both the outer and inner layer intact and the
resulting fiber is a mix of primary and secondary fibers.

Figure 5. Autofed decorticating machine

The supposed beneficiaries of this machine are the small abaca

producers. However, the final model is so big, it would require13
workers to operate the deco machine continuously for 8 hours to
produce about 1 ton of fiber a day at 3.3% fiber recovery. Also the
machine does utilize the full length of the leafsheath.
The main players in the development of the tools and machines for
improving efficiency of abaca fiber extraction are FIDA staff
specially the engineers of FIDA, guided by international and national
experts. The Metals Industry Research and Development Center
(MIRDC) fabricated the machine. Field-testing was conducted in
FIDA field stations, and with some abaca farmers and a cooperative
foundation of banana plantation workers in Mindanao.

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Identification and Field Testing of Higher Yielding, Disease-

Resistant Varieties
1. Selection of Abaca Varieties Resistant to Bunchy-Top and Mosaic
Virus Diseases
The Philippines being the center of origin of abaca (Musa textilis
Nee), has more than 200 known varieties and hybrids growing in
various regions. However, there has been a continuing decline in
production and productive acreage because of widespread effect of
viral diseases of abaca particularly, bunchy-top and mosaic virus.
There is a need to identify and select abaca varieties that has
tolerance or resistance to these virus diseases.
A field-testing of selected varieties was conducted in three regions:
Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao to screen for relative resistance to
bunchy top virus, abaca mosaic virus, and bract mosaic virus.
The immediate beneficiaries of this project are the staff of FIDA,
the abaca farmers, processing industries, and other abaca researchers.
Thirty-eight varieties of abaca were evaluated: 10 in Albay (Luzon),
16 in Leyte (Visayas), and 12 in Davao (Mindanao).
After ranking, the varieties selected for national screening are:
Abuab, Lausigon and Musa tex 51 from Luzon; Inosa, Linawaan, and
Laguis from Visayas; Tangongon, and Maguindanao from Mindanao.
The recommended varieties for planting as a result of this study are
(see Figure 6):
Mosaic-resistant varieties:
For Luzon: Abuab, Linawaan, Musa Tex 51
For Visayas: Laguis, Abuab, Inosa
For Mindanao: Tangongon, Inosa, Laguis
Bunchy-top resistant varieties:
For Luzon: Maguindanao, Inosa, Musa Tex 51
For Mindanao: Maguindanao, Laguis, Linawaan

2. Agro-Climatic Adaptability Selection of Abaca Varieties

The Philippines is an archipelago with variations in the soil and
climate of various regions. Abaca being endemic to the Philippines,
the preponderance of abaca varieties, must have been a result of
evolutionary adaptation to different environment; and the dominance
of certain varieties was a result of natural and farmers selection.
There is a gap between the demand and supply of abaca fibers in the
world. To satisfy the increasing demand, one approach is to expand
the production areas through deliberate program of increasing
production areas, which would require the identification of high
yielding varieties for planting in various regions.

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Figure 6. Maguindanao variety (with bunchy top and mosaic

virus inset)

Yield performance trial of 8 varieties of abaca that was previously

identified as tolerant to virus diseases, was conducted in 3 regions.
The ultimate beneficiary of this project is: abaca farmers/producers,
abaca industry investors, FIDA staff, and agricultural extension
workers.
The main players involved in this project are FIDA researchers,
consultants, and cooperating farmers.

Technical Support and Dissemination

1. International Dissemination Seminar
Abaca is a natural fiber of international importance both in the
producers side and the consumers side. Improving production in the
producing countries such as The Philippines and Ecuador will
benefit the world, specially those in North America, Europe, Japan
and other industrialized economy that consume natural products and
reduce synthetics that pollute the environment. New discoveries that
will improve abaca fiber production should be shared, in order to
improve the quality of life of abaca workers, at the same time
assuring the supply of fiber raw materials needed by consumers.
An International Dissemination Seminar was held on October 19,
2004 in Makati City, Philippines.
The attendances of 149 participants represent the international and
national sectors with stakes in abaca industry: fiber processing,

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manufacturing, marketing, research, development, financing, policy

and governance.
Issues on further development of mechanical tuxer and auto-fed
decorticating machine were raised, and future directions in research
were suggested. There was an exchange in experience between The
Philippines and Ecuador. The proceedings of the seminar-conference
were printed.
2. Regional Dissemination Seminar
This project ensures that results of the development of processing
equipment and agronomic trials were made available to growers,
machine manufacturers, and researchers.
Regional dissemination seminars were held in Legaspi City (Bicol),
Philippines on September 21, 2004; Sogod, Southern Leyte
(Visayas), Philippines on September 29, 2004; and in Davao City
(Mindanao), Philippines on October 4, 2004.
Papers presented in the seminars were:
a. Improvement of Fiber Extraction and Processing Tools and
Machinery
b. Identification and Field Testing of High Yielding and
Disease-Resistant Abaca Varieties
c. Recommended Varieties Based on Consolidated Research
Findings
d. Search for Abaca Varieties Resistant to Bunchy-top and
Mosaic Virus Diseases in the Philippines
e. Adaptability of Selected Abaca Varieties under Different
Agro-Climatic Conditions in the Philippines
f. Presentation of the Farmers Manual on Abaca Production
Technologies

3. Production of Farmers Manual on Abaca Production

A 57-page manual guide on abaca production with colored
illustrations was published. It incorporates the recommended results
of the projects in the improvement of fiber extraction and the
identification of higher yielding varieties. Included to the topics on
how to grow abaca are 9 appendices about topics relevant to modern
abaca production.

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IV. Analysis of Project Objectives

Importance of the problems addressed for the commodity and the
beneficiaries
Principally the problems addressed by the project are how to increase fiber yield
of abaca to satisfy the demand of the industry for reasonably priced raw
materials. One component tried to improve efficiency of fiber extraction to
improve the physical fiber yield of abaca leafsheath; and other component is to
increase the biological fiber yield of the abaca plant through selection of high
yielding and disease resistant varieties or clones.
The project objectives are very relevant. The prevailing fiber extraction method
in the Philippines, which produces 84% of the world requirements for abaca
fibers, is low in fiber recovery, and the manual method is tedious, therefore the
fiber yield are expensive. On the other hand, the prevailing biological limitation
in abaca production in the Philippines is the prevalence of abaca virus diseases.
These have reduced the acreage planted to abaca, and continue to infect the
existing abaca farms.

Relevance to poverty alleviation and to

national/international/regional development strategy(s)
The abaca farms in the Philippines are predominantly small; with the policy of
agrarian reform, the farm size per unit is limited to a maximum of 5 hectares.
With 77,000 Filipino farmers dependent on abaca production, any increase in the
biological and physical aspect of abaca production will increase the income of
farm workers and farm owners. The traditional sharing of harvested abaca fiber
is that the farm owner and the fiber harvester (hagotero) share equally on the
fiber harvested in the farm. Adopting the modern machineries for abaca post-
harvest processing, like the spindle machine, the benefit that will be derived
from adoption will be complimenting both the abaca farm owners and the
harvesters.

Suitability of the means to address the problems

The priority given to the project as a means of addressing the current problems
of abaca industry in the Philippines is appropriate to both the need of the abaca
manufacturing sector for sustained fiber supply, and the need of the agricultural
production sector of abaca industry for higher income.
However, the strategy of conceptualizing the improved tools and fiber extraction
machines could have harnessed the indigenous knowledge and native
intelligence of abaca workers. The same could have been done in the selection
of virus-tolerant and high yielding varieties or clones of abaca. The participatory
approach to technology development enhances the adoption of the resulting
improved technology by the abaca farmers/workers.

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V. Implementation Analysis
Management of the projects and their activities
The original proposal has project duration of 51 months, but the actual
implementation lasted for 70 months. The record of schedule of activities and
accomplishment reports showed different durations of the periodic report. The
budget releases and expenditures on the project was not in any of the reports
provided to the evaluator.
Monitoring at the project management level would have been easier and more
effective, had the expenditures and budget releases could be seen vis--vis the
activity schedules and resulting accomplishments

Timeliness of implementation, achieving milestones

There were delays in implementing certain activities. Since the projects in
component B were dealing with biological materials, and abaca is a perennial
crop, and the project implementers have minimal control on the environmental
factors; small delays at the early stages of the project would have significant
effect on the expectations on the later stages. That could be one of the reasons
why the project was already terminated, then extended for 19 months, yet the
data on the yield trial was not completed on the final termination date. At the
time this evaluation visited Mindanao, the raw data of the yield experiment there
was still with the field staff.

Factors favourable to project implementation

The existence of indigenous knowledge in abaca producing communities and
availability of national technical expertise in local institutions like FIDA and
regional universities are favorable to project implementation. The project did
not start from scratch. The preponderance of abaca varieties to choose from was
an advantage. However, the uncontrolled environmental conditions like drought
and security problems were detrimental to project implementation.

Appropriateness of adjustments made during implementation

In many instances, the adjustment was justified; like delaying the hiring of
consultants because the necessary equipments have not arrived yet.

Realisation of co-financing and counterpart commitments

The Philippines provided the counterpart expense. However, since
Ecuador joined late, when initially it was presumed she was not
participating, it affected the allotment for tuxying and decorticating machines
when the project have to ship a machine to Ecuador.

Adherence to budgets
The final technical report indicated the same total budget as in the original
proposal, in spite of the project extension. The project must adhere to the
budget.

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VI. Impact Analysis

Project results against objectives and targets

Project Objective: Develop an efficient tuxying machine

Result: Developed a mechanical tuxer that produces 23% more
fiber than the traditional tuxer, more high grade (S2) fiber,
but requires more man-hours and is more expensive than
the traditional method to produce a kilogram of abaca
fiber.

Project Objective: Improve the existing decorticating machine

Result: Developed an autofed decorticating machine with higher
fiber recovery (3.3%) than manual or spindle stripping,
fibers of the JK grade; machine can also decorticate
banana leafsheath for fibers, but the machine size is too
large and expensive for small farmers to operate.

Project Objective: Identify virus diseasetolerant and high-yielding varieties

of abaca
Result: Disease-tolerant and high yielding varieties of abaca are
identified. The yield performance and disease tolerance of
varieties are location specific.

Project Objective: Conduct dissemination seminars.

Result: International and Philippine regional seminars were
conducted. A Farmers Manual on Abaca Production
developed. The regional seminars produced feedbacks that
abaca farmers prefer that mechanical tuxer and
decorticator are portable, fuel-efficient and affordable. I t
is hard for farmers to adopt recommended abaca varieties
or clones.

Economic (and social) importance of project results

The project results when it is improved and refined into applicable production
technology could improve the economic and social conditions in abaca growing
communities. The increase in the productivity of family labor could be improved
by the adoption of improved mechanization of abaca fiber stripping. The
identification of virus-tolerant varieties/clones and its subsequent propagation
through tissue culture and eventual distribution to particular regions where it
produces high yield will revolutionize abaca fiber production and abaca farm
workers income.

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Impact on other factors (if any), such as environment

Since the machines developed for tuxying and decorticating are not portable, it
would accumulate in particular locations large volumes of waste coming from
the inner epidermis of leafsheaths or the parenchyma tissues that would have to
be converted into compost or other useful materials. Otherwise they would
become wastes of the farming environment.
Limiting the recommended abaca varieties/clones to only a few could result to
natural loss or erosion of genetic diversity in abaca. It would narrow the genetic
base of surviving varieties /clones which is always fragile for the survival of the
species.
The mechanization of abaca production could reduce the tediousness of
harvesting, extraction, and processing of abaca fibers. It will open equal
opportunities for any gender to do any of the steps in the production of abaca.
Similarly, the increased income in farming abaca would attract young people to
become farmers, an alternative to seek wage-earning jobs as migrant workers.

Reaching the direct and indirect beneficiaries, including

effectiveness of dissemination of project results
The efforts done in dissemination of project results were effective among the
professional sector of the industry. However, for the intended direct beneficiary
the abaca farmers/workers, it was not. It would be more effective to
disseminate research/technology information to abaca farmers through a
participatory approach; that is they get involved in the process of learning and
discovery, starting with conceptualization and planning, implementation, and
evaluation of the project.
The equipments procured through the project continue to be useful in FIDAs
research and extension services.

Sustainability and replicability of project results

Under Philippine setting, the technology output of the project on developing
improved machines for tuxy separation, and the autofed-decorticating machine is
not sustainable and replicable. The design of the machines is for large-scale
production and not fit for small abaca growers. Unless there will be paradigm
shift in the operation of Philippine abaca farms into consolidated or associated
farms and operated as corporations or cooperatives.
However, some features of the machines could be improved and adapted to the
needs of the Philippine abaca farmers like features on portability, reduced
manpower requirement and affordability.
The project on selection of disease tolerant and high yielding abaca
varieties/clones is sustainable and replicable, and can be integrated in an abaca
farmer-scientist extension and training program. The same is true with the
updated re-publication of Farmers Manual on Abaca Production, in a format for
adult learners written on the regional native language.

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VII. Lessons Learnt

1. To improve efficiency in abaca fiber production, attention should be directed
at improving the performance reliability of machines through appropriate
changes in the technical design.
2. The high yielding and disease resistance characters of abaca varieties / clones
have regional or location variations.
3. Farmers generally prefer machines that are portable, fuel efficient, and
affordable.

VIII. Recommendations
1. The performance reliability of the mechanical tuxer should be improved,
redesigned to fit into a series of machines with the leafsheath separator and
improved spindle machine at the other side.
2. The autofed decorticating machine should be re-designed to accommodate
the full length of abaca leafsheath, with a feature that would separate the
layers of primary and secondary fibers. Have it portable size and fuel-
efficient.
3. Pursue the continuing selection of disease-tolerant and high-yielding abaca
varieties in all regions with cooperation of state colleges of agriculture and
implemented on a participatory approach with farmer-scientist. Use tissue-
cultured materials that are properly indexed as disease free.
4. Use the Farmers manual in designing the training component.

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References
1. CFC-UNIDO-FIDA Project On Abaca: Schedule of Activities and
Accomplishment Reports. A folder file at FIDA Central Office. Quezon City

2. Compilation of Project Documents. Abaca: Improvement of Fibre Extraction

and Identification of Higher Yielding Varieties. FIDA Central Office.,
Quezon City.

3. Proceedings of Dissemination Seminar on Abaca: Improvement of Fiber

Extraction and Identification of Higher Yielding Varieties.
(FC/INT/97/021). FIDA Central Office Quezon City.

4. Final C/FIGHF/09. abaca: Improvement of Fiber Extraction and

Identification of Higher Yielding Varieties. FIDA Central Office. Quezon
City.

5. Farmer Manual on Abaca Production. 2005. Common Funds for

Commodities. FIDA Central Office.

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Annex A. Key Informants and Persons Contacted

1. Ms. Gloria J. Soriano, Director FIDA

2. Ms. Mystic T. Pelayo, Leader, Technical Assistance, Dissemination of the

Project Result, FIDA

3. Ms. Nini P. Clemente, Asst. Leader, Technical Assistance, Dissemination of the

Project Result, FIDA

4. Ms. Josephine B. Regalado, Leader, Identification and Field Testing of High

Yielding, Disease Resistant Varieties of Abaca, FIDA

5. Dr. Remedios V. Abgona, OIC, Fiber Processing and Utilization Laboratory,

FIDA

6. Engr. Adriano C. Valenzuela, Mechanical Engineer, FIDA

7. Engr. Fidel S. Josal, Agricultural Engineer, FIDA

8. Engr. Bernabe G. Oriel, OIC, FIDA Research Station

9. Ms. Analyn Bolivar, Sr. Agriculturist, FIDA Davao

10. Ms. Antonina Into , Sr. Agriculturist, FIDA Davao

11. Ms. Emelita Mora, Fiber Development Officer, FIDA Davao

12. Ms. Alberta Enticoa, Fiber Technician, FIDA Davao

13. Dr. Olympio B. Macarayan, Director, FIDA Region XI

14. Mr. Jeffrey G Espena, OIC Director, FIDA Region VIII

15. Ms. Fe. C. Espena, Sr Agriculturist, FIDA Eastern Visayas Regional Fiber
Expt. Station (EVRFES}

16. Mr. Victor A. Romero, OIC, FIDA Eastern Visayas Regional Fiber Expt. Station

17. Mr. Venerando P. Dadios, Agricultural Engineer., FIDA EVRFES

18. Ms. Rosedina Corsino, Diagnostic Laboratory In Charge, FIDA EVRFES

19. Mr. Telesforo Boyboy, Fiber Technician, FIDA, EVRFES

20. Ms. Editha A. Bonillo, Abaca Farmer,

Cagang, Polahongon, Mahaplag, Leyte

21. Mr. Tripon C. Alonzo, Abaca Farmer

Cagang, Polahongon, Mahaplag, Leyte

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22. Ms. Pilar F. Mancio, Abaca Farmer/Housewife

Cagang, Polahongon, Mahaplag, Leyte

23. Prof. Romel B. Armecin, Asst. Professor and In-Charge

Cultural Management, National Abaca Research Center
Leyte State University, VISCA, Baybay, Leyte

24. Dr. Juanito B. Sangalang, Genetic Resources Specialist and Perennial Crop
Breeder, Formerly of the Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture
U.P. Los Banos, College, Laguna

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