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    Sulphur is a non-metallic element that is the 13th most abundant in the earth's crust. It can be found as a pure element or in minerals, and is used to manufacture numerous products like fertilizers and chemicals. The largest production is sulphuric acid, which is used as an industrial raw material. The document discusses the manufacturing of sulphuric acid from sulphur via the contact process, which has a lower environmental impact than other methods. It operates at slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, allowing it to achieve high conversion with less energy and cost than other processes. The heat from cooling is used to power a turbine and generate electricity, though the small scale results in less power production than

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    Sulphur is a non-metallic element that is the 13th most abundant in the earth's crust. It can be found as a pure element or in minerals, and is used to manufacture numerous products like fertilizers and chemicals. The largest production is sulphuric acid, which is used as an industrial raw material. The document discusses the manufacturing of sulphuric acid from sulphur via the contact process, which has a lower environmental impact than other methods. It operates at slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, allowing it to achieve high conversion with less energy and cost than other processes. The heat from cooling is used to power a turbine and generate electricity, though the small scale results in less power production than

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    Sulphur is a non-metallic element that is the 13th most abundant in the earth's crust. It can be found as a pure element or in minerals, and is used to manufacture numerous products like fertilizers and chemicals. The largest production is sulphuric acid, which is used as an industrial raw material. The document discusses the manufacturing of sulphuric acid from sulphur via the contact process, which has a lower environmental impact than other methods. It operates at slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, allowing it to achieve high conversion with less energy and cost than other processes. The heat from cooling is used to power a turbine and generate electricity, though the small scale results in less power production than

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    15 views1 page

    Problems Identified

    Uploaded by

    noel
    Sulphur is a non-metallic element that is the 13th most abundant in the earth's crust. It can be found as a pure element or in minerals, and is used to manufacture numerous products like fertilizers and chemicals. The largest production is sulphuric acid, which is used as an industrial raw material. The document discusses the manufacturing of sulphuric acid from sulphur via the contact process, which has a lower environmental impact than other methods. It operates at slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, allowing it to achieve high conversion with less energy and cost than other processes. The heat from cooling is used to power a turbine and generate electricity, though the small scale results in less power production than

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Sulphur is a non-metallic chemical element identified by the letter S.

    Sulphur combines
    directly with almost all the elements with the exception of gold, platinum and the noble gases. It
    can be found as a pure element or as sulphate or sulphide minerals. Sulphur is a valuable
    commodity and integral component of the world economy used to manufacture numerous
    products including fertilizers and other chemicals. The major derivative of sulphur is sulphuric
    acid (H2SO4), the highest production volume chemical, used as an industrial raw material.
    Sulphur occurs naturally in the environment and is the thirteenth most abundant element
    in the earth's crust. It is also one of the most used chemical with the largest production every
    year. With these, the group have taught of utilizing this element into more useful end products
    like sulfuric acid and electricity that is why a sulfuric acid manufacture and power output solver
    is created.
    The manufacturing process of sulphuric acid from sulphur that had been selected
    employed contact process since it has relatively low impact on environment compared to lead
    chamber process. Major disadvantages in the Lead Chamber process in terms of productivity
    thus include the limitations in throughput, quality and concentration of the acid produced with
    respect to the Contact Process. Currently most end uses of sulfuric acid are for the high
    concentrated form. Thus in terms of product capacity and concentration, the contact process is a
    more attractive option.

    Operating pressure and temperature occupies a significant portion on this process. High
    pressures favor the forward reaction in the catalytic converter. However, larger pressures and
    temperatures automatically increase the plant operating cost. Fortunately however, this high
    pressure requirement only amounts to 1-2 atm in the contact process where it is sufficient to
    achieve the desire 99.5% conversion. In other words, at pressures only slightly above the
    atmospheric, the marginal pressure rise is sufficient to obtain the target yield, and since the
    operating pressure requirement is not abnormally high, cost of equipment are lower than what
    could have been expected. For energy consumption, contact process therefore consumes less
    energy amount in terms of gas and liquid circulation utilities of the plant. In the selection of
    catalyst for the catalytic converter, vanadium pentoxide is more preferred than platinum since it
    is susceptible to reacting with arsenic impurities in the sulphur feedstock. Vanadium pentoxide is
    selected as the catalytic medium for the proposed process because it has relatively low tendency
    to poisoning from contamination, lower cost of acquisition and operation and lastly a better
    option to be used in large scale production plants. Likewise, double contact double absorption
    system was used since it can achieve higher conversion than the single contact single absorption
    process (SCCA). If the SO2 and SO3 gases are passed through the DCDA towers, higher yield of
    sulfuric acid will be obtained because of further absorption and conversion of the product stream
    with SO3 and SO2; thus reducing the unconverted SO2 of the product stream from the converter.

    In the cooling tower, there is a large amount of heat generated. Instead of discarding the
    heat, it is used in raising the temperature of the steam through a heat exchanger which will then
    be the input for a turbine to produce electricity. In terms of generating electricity from the steam
    turbine, the problem identified is in the quantity of power produced. Since our template is
    designed for small-scale industries, the generated electricity is lesser compared to other plants
    since the flow rate of the entering steam is small in value.

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