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    MICROBIOLOGY and PARASITOLOGY

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    Rizel Joy Cantero
    This document provides an overview of microbiology and parasitology. It defines microbiology as the study of microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, viruses, algae and protozoa. Key points made include that microbes are ubiquitous, play important roles in decomposition, elemental cycles, food webs, and industries like food production. The document traces the history of microbiology from early pioneers like Van Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur and Koch and their contributions to understanding microbes and infectious disease. It also outlines various career paths in microbiology and describes the classification system developed by Bergey for categorizing bacteria.

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    MICROBIOLOGY and PARASITOLOGY

    Uploaded by

    Rizel Joy Cantero
    442 views5 pages
    This document provides an overview of microbiology and parasitology. It defines microbiology as the study of microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, viruses, algae and protozoa. Key points made include that microbes are ubiquitous, play important roles in decomposition, elemental cycles, food webs, and industries like food production. The document traces the history of microbiology from early pioneers like Van Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur and Koch and their contributions to understanding microbes and infectious disease. It also outlines various career paths in microbiology and describes the classification system developed by Bergey for categorizing bacteria.

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    This document provides an overview of microbiology and parasitology. It defines microbiology as the study of microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, viruses, algae and protozoa. Key points made include that microbes are ubiquitous, play important roles in decomposition, elemental cycles, food webs, and industries like food production. The document traces the history of microbiology from early pioneers like Van Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur and Koch and their contributions to understanding microbes and infectious disease. It also outlines various career paths in microbiology and describes the classification system developed by Bergey for categorizing bacteria.

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    442 views5 pages

    MICROBIOLOGY and PARASITOLOGY

    Uploaded by

    Rizel Joy Cantero
    This document provides an overview of microbiology and parasitology. It defines microbiology as the study of microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, viruses, algae and protozoa. Key points made include that microbes are ubiquitous, play important roles in decomposition, elemental cycles, food webs, and industries like food production. The document traces the history of microbiology from early pioneers like Van Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur and Koch and their contributions to understanding microbes and infectious disease. It also outlines various career paths in microbiology and describes the classification system developed by Bergey for categorizing bacteria.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    MICROBIOLOGY and PARASITOLOGY

    CHAPTER 1
    - advance course in biology dealing with small living organisms or microbes-
    UBIQUITOUS virtually everywhere

    since viruses are ACELLULAR [not composed of cells] they are often referred to as
    infectiousagents or infectious particles rather than microorganisms

    Microbiology Includes the Study of

    BACTERIA BACTERIOLOGYFUNGI MYCOLOGYVIRUSES VIROLOGYALGAE


    PHYCOLOGYPROTOZOAN OR PROTOZOAS PROTOZOOLOGY

    Reasons for Studying Microbiology

    - to get to know the indigenous micro flora [beneficial bacteria] Lactobacilli


    digestive tract Ecoli [non-pathogenic] prevent other pathogenic microorganisms
    to get into our system- develop awareness on the presence of opportunistic
    pathogens or opportunists- to know that photosynthetic algae and bacteria
    [cyanobacteria] releases oxygen into the atmosphere

    Importance of Microbes

    - Microbes are important as decomposers or saprophytes since they aid in


    fertilization by returninginorganic nutrients into the soil- Microbes are used in
    bioremediation to clean up or decompose industrial wastes like oil spills-
    Microorganisms are involved in elemental cycles [carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur
    and phosphorus]- Microbes serve as food for smaller animals; important part of the
    food chain- Microbes aid in food digestion and some produces beneficial substances
    or solutions- Microbes are used in various industries such as food, beverage,
    chemical and antibiotic industriesIt is known as BIOTECHNOLOGY [examples are
    yogurt, yakult drink, wine and cheese]small bacteria and fungi produce antibiotics

    - Microbes are used in genetic engineering- Microbes are used as cell models-
    Microbes cause either infection diseases or intoxication

    Historical Background

    MICROBIOLOGY

    microscopy, staining procedures, laboratory procedures, culture techniques

    People who Contributed to the Discovery of Microbiology

    A.Anthony Van Leeuwenhoek


    -1
    st
    to see bacteria [bacterium] and protozoa [field of lenses]- lens maker and in one of
    his production he saw microorganisms
    B.Louis Pasteur
    - Fermentation [eliminating bacteria]

    Pasteurization- discovered anaerobes- discovered infectious agents causing


    silkworm diseases- contributed to the
    germ theory of disease
    - championed changes in hospital practices to minimize the spread of by pathogens-
    developed vaccines to prevent chicken cholera, anthrax and swine erysipelas [skin
    disease]

    C.Robert Koch
    - discovered the
    germ theory of disease
    [Kochs postulates]- Bacillus anthracis produces spores capable of resisting adverse
    conditions- developed method of fixing, staining and photographing bacteria-
    developed methods of cultivating bacteria on solid media- discovered
    mycobacterium tuberculosis and vibrio cholerae- worked on tuberculin which led to
    the development of a skin test valuable in diagnosingtuberculosis

    Careers in Microbiology

    Microbiology : MicrobiologistBacteriology : BacteriologistVirology:


    VirologistPhycology: PhycologistMycology: MycologistProtozoolgy:
    ProtozoologistApplied Microbiology [biotechnology, medical and clinical
    microbiology]Medical Microbiology the study of pathogens, the disease they cause
    and the bodys

    defenses against disease concerned with epidemiology

    Classification of Bacteria based on DR. BERGEY

    - Morphology- Staining reactions- Cultural characteristics- Biochemical or Physiologic


    Behavior - Genetic analyses- Animal inoculations- Immunologic differences

    BERGEYS MANUAL of determining BACTERIOLOGY [19 categories]

    1.
    Phototrophic Bacteria produce own food photosynthesis: green pigment -
    chlorophyll
    2.
    Gliding Bacteria flagella / cilia
    3.
    Sheathed Bacteria encloses organism : facultitively anaerobica.Escherichia
    rodsb.Salmonellac.Shigellad.Klebsiellae.Proteus
    4.
    Budding or Appendaged

    guides through budding [maturing]


    5.
    Spirochetes
    6.
    Spiral and Curved
    7.
    Gram-Negative Aerobic Rods and Coccia.Pseudomonasb.Azotobacter
    c.Rhizobiumd.Halobacter e.Brucellaf.Bordetellag.Francisella
    8.
    Gram-Negative Facultatively Anaerobic
    Rodsa.Escherichiab.Salmonellac.Shigellad.Vibrioe.Klebsiellaf.Enterobacter
    g.Pasteurellah.Serratiai.Proteur j.Yersiniak.Haemophilus
    9.
    Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteriaa.Bacteriodesb.Fusobacterium
    10.
    Gram-Negative Cocci and Coccobacilli [aerobes]a.Neisseria
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