SAMCEF For Power Lines and Substations: Jérémy HARDY Janvier 2011
SAMCEF For Power Lines and Substations: Jérémy HARDY Janvier 2011
SAMCEF For Power Lines and Substations: Jérémy HARDY Janvier 2011
Jrmy HARDY
Janvier 2011
Chapter 0
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Cable Domain Features
Chapter 3: Imposed Length Cables
Chapter 4: Imposed Force Cables
Chapter 5: Imposed Sag Cable
Chapter 6: Transient (Quasi-static) analyses
Chapter 7: Dynamic Analyses
Chapter 8: Beam Analyses
Chapter 0
1. History
2. SAMCEF Mecano
SAMCEF CABLE
+ Logica
1.1 SAMCEF Cable Logica (1978-1996)
TDEE Department (University of Lige, JL LILIEN)
Specific Pre-processor (command language)
Customers:
Merlin-Grin (Grenoble)
FN (Lige)
Laborelec (Bruxelles)
Tractebel (Bruxelles)
EDF (Paris)
2.1 MECANO
General NL module of SAMCEF
Motion Structure Thermal Cable
Statics Kinematics Dynamics
MOTION
MOTION
STRUCTURE
MOTION CABLE
STRUCTURE
Similar to a rod:
Element with 2 nodes
3 displacement DOF by nodes
Extensional stiffness: K = EA/L
+ second order transversal stiffness
Function of the force in the element
That force may not be zero!
Linear material behaviour
D. Rigid Body
1.3 Forces
Gravity (acceleration)
Line forces
Standard
Wind
Frost
Temperatures
Electro-dynamic forces
1.4 Notes
(A) Units
Solver Units must be m,kg,s
(B) Orientation
Z is the vertical axis
(C) GUI
The interface is oriented to cable problems:
Behaviour definitions
Frost and wind loads
Bundle diameter
(4 cables)
(d)
K
n
D
Reference aera for the wind load= K*D*L if K=1, Reference aera = D*L if K=0.5, Reference aera = D/2*L
Default value: K = 0.5
3.1 Parameters:
Span P
Sag f
Force (Tension) T
Masses (line mass: m)
P [m]
f [m] T [N]
m [N/m]
4 f
Approximation: y . x 2
P2
dy P 8f P 4f
s ( ) .
Slope: dx 2 P2 2 P
mgP
R V TV
Reactions: 2 TH
2
RV mgP
T RH
s 8f
P
f [m] T [N]
m [N/m]
This document is the property of SAMTECH S.A. MEF102-01-A, page 28
3. CABLE INITIAL STATE DEFINITION
3 possible definition:
Imposed length:
Natural length
User imposed length
Imposed force
Imposed sag
1. Geometry definition
2. Data definition
3. Mesh
4. Solver parameters
5. Results
6. Exercises
Insulator
Insulator
String wire Cable wire string
2.1 Behaviours
2 wires insulators
1 wire cable
(one behaviour per wire)
2.2 Constraints
2 insulator vertices
2.4 Assembly
Insulator 1 + cable
Insulator 2 + cable
Insulator Insulator
string string g
L=L0 + L
L0
In between
+ Additional weights (i.e droppers)
4.4 Run
Displacements
Forces
6.1 Data
Cable between 2 supports, with insulator strings
Global span 30 m
6.2 Initial Position Height 10 m
Try the 2 cases: Cable type Eagle
6.3 Guidelines
1. Define all the points on an horizontal line
2. Anchoring strings are about 3 m long: place intermediate points on
horizontal lines
3. Initial tension: use formula
1. Data definition
2. Mesh
3. Exercises
Computation:
MECANO adjusts the length of
the closest element to reach the
required tension in it.
Limitation:
The whole cable cannot be shortened by more than the element length.
3.3 Guidelines
1. Define all the points
2. Anchoring strings are about 2 m long:
place intermediate points on horizontal
lines: use duplication + move
3. Initial tension : T = 17000
4. Caution : mesh cannot be too fine on the
cables : element size = 2m
This document is the property of SAMTECH S.A. MEF102-01-A, page 47
V. IMPOSED SAG CABLES
1. Geometry definition
2. Data definition
3. Macro-cable
4. Solver parameters
5. Exercises
Insulator Insulator
String wire Cable wire (2,5,3)
string
Insulator Insulator g
string string
Dz=-0.95 m
Dz=-8.05m
Z
For example :
if the red point is the Reference point then dz=-0.95 m
if the purple point is the Reference point then dz=8.05 m
MECANO Computation
1. A macro-cable is defined with all elements belonging to the cable.
2. The equation is added with:
1. one more equation: min(Z) = ZSAG
2. one more unknown: common factor to the element lengths (3rd common node for all
elements)
3. Condition: horizontal tangency !!
Insulator
Insulator string
string Insulator
string
Insulator Insulator Insulator
string string string
g
OK OK
Impossible to prescribed a sag
for the initial state : Imposed a force or a length)
4.4 Run
1. Introduction
2. Frost Loads
3. Wind Loads
4. Temperature Loads
5. Solver Parameters
6. Exercise
gravity
Load case Associated Load case Loads
number time name Gravity Temperature Wind Frost thickness
in S4PL&S ( 9.81 m.s-2) in the cable pressure [cm] temperature
[C] [daN/m2]
Initial state wind
0 0 (3% for the X 75
sag at 75c)
1 1 Extrem wind X 30 150 frost
2 2 Frost X -5 2
X 0 1 2 3
Time dependent Loads
1.1 Definition:
cable bundle:
FZ = n.PZ
insulator:
FZ = n.PZ (with D external diameter)
This document is the property of SAMTECH S.A. MEF102-01-A, page 56
2. WIND LOADS
2.1 Definition:
F = CM.p.D
else CM
F = n.p.D
insulator: F = k.p.D
1 1.5 2.5 3
3.1 Definition:
4.3 Output
Keep important times (the times associated to the load cases)
Notes:
It is considered that the initial position was done for 20C
Use the automatic time step
1.3 Output
Drop of a pendulum:
A pendulum weighting 100 g is attached to a 1m long cable.
The cable is fixed in (0,0,1) and the pendulum placed in (0.6, 0, 0.8).
The pendulum is dropped.
0 ii ( t ) i j ( t )
F ij
4
ei e
r3
( r d s j ) d s i
j
t
Current shape: i ( t ) sin( t ) e sin
2 I EFF
This document is the property of SAMTECH S.A. MEF102-01-A, page 69
3. SHORT CIRCUIT COMPUTATIONS
Types of faults:
Biphases
= ou i1(t) = -i2(t)
Triphases
=
=
Thermal Aspects
Heating during the short-circuit: considered as adiabatic because of
the very short time
Cooling after the short-circuit:
fc c e ct a (1 e ct ) ( fc c a ) e ct a
is several minutes
3.3 Electro-dynamic
forces
Bi-phased:
2 = 1 -
Tri-phased:
2 = 1 - 2/3
3 = 1 - 4/3
Exercise 8:
Beam Phases (0,0) (5,0) (5,5) (10,5) with radii=0.5 in angles
inter-phase distance: (-1, 1, 0)
Clamp extremities ; simple Z- supports in the middle
S-C = 40 kA / 0.15 s