Wave Gen
Wave Gen
Wave Gen
IN
Prof. V.SUNDAR
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BROAD CLASSIFICATION OF WAVES FOR
TESTING STRUCTURES
NORMAL OBLIQUE
REGULAR RANDOM
The main reason for such tests is that the approach is simple in the
design analysis and the determination of the response due to
extreme wave conditions (as against a design sea state) is easier.
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RANDOM WAVE TESTS
Random wave tests are recommended , since such a wave simulates
large number of harmonic components and its effect can be studied
within a short duration, thus saving considerable testing time.
Wave groups
Forces on long floating cylinder of arbitrary shape in sway and roll mode reduce
by 40% due to wave directionality.
Measured values of the ratio of the largest force maximum to the standard deviation
were found to be 3.98 in long crested seas and 3.31 in short crested seas.
The added advantage of multi element wave makers, in addition to the generation of
multidirectional sea state, is that it can also generate oblique waves.
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Developments in Hydrodynamic Testing Facilities in IIT Madras
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1 4 4 8 7 5 6
a
2 b
3
2
c
d
0.54
5 6
4 8
0.3
1.5
1 7
2
9 3
2.3
0.8 ELEVATION
9 SAND CHAMBER
ALL DIMENSIONS IN M
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Department of Ocean Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras
Chennai, INDIA 600036. Tel.: 91-044 - 22578622; e-mail:[email protected]
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4m wave flume [1983]
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4m WAVE FLUME
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Department of Ocean Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras
Chennai, INDIA 600036. Tel.: 91-044 - 22578622; e-mail:[email protected]
72500
B
2000
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2m wide wave flume (7.25m long) d = 0.5 m to 2 m
Wave Forces Inclined Cylinder
Wave screen
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Cubes
Tetrapods(trunk) Accropods
Cubes
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8.0
(cm)
0.0
-8.0
0.0 25.0 50.0
Time (sec)
8.0 TARGET SPETRUM
Spectral density (cm2-sec)
H S=7.0 cm
MEASURED SPECTRUM
t0=0.7 Hz
4.0
0.0
0.0 1.0 2.0
Frequency (Hz)
0.4
Wave Depth=1.0 m
Wave height,H(m)
0.2
0.8 0.8
Wave Depth=1.0 m Hinged mode
0.6 Wave Depth=2.0 m
Wave height,H(m)
0.6
0.4 H max
Wave height,H(m)
Wave Depth=0.5 m
H mo
0.2 With Piston wave Maker (Absortion 0.4
enabled)
0.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 0.2
6 7
Wave Period , T(sec)
0.3
0.0
Wave height,H(m)
0
Wave Depth=2.0 m
0.2
Wave Period , T(sec)
Largest measured H
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Date of observation 1 10 1984 (10.1-10.21 Hrs)
0.140
Bretscheider
Neumann
0.108 Scott
0.072
0.036
Angular frequency(Rad/sec)
Towing Tank
Towing Tank (82 x 3.2 x 2.5m deep, max. carriage speed : 5 m/s)
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Wave generation using PC [1988]
(Initially with 64k Apple computers installed for wave makers of 4m
wave flume and 30 x 30m wave basin (LCWM)
On line wave generation with LCWM using wave synthesizer software in 1987
MEWM
Single computer for driving wave maker and for data acquisition
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WAVE BASINS WORLD WIDE
Name of Basin No.of Segment Stroke Wave
Basin Segment /2() Ht.(m)
30m
FOR LCWM
LONG CRESTED
WAVE MAKER
RUBBLE
WAVE ABSORBER
FOR MEWM
A 30m
30m
PLAN
Wodden Sleepers
1.0
3.9
25mm *25mm
3.0
2.15
0mm c/c
m c/c @10
@100m
Model fixing frame
SECTION A-A
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Legend:
Experimental data
s
Simple Wave
3 Maker Thoery
H
Flate Plate H/S
Wave maker
h=1.0m
Concrete Pedestal
Mean curve through
Measured Data
2.0
1
1 2 3 4
d/L
INSTRUMENT
RACK
R S-232
LCWM
WAVE PADDLE
R S-422
SERVO VALUE
ACTUATOR
WAVE
SURFACE
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Servo actuator
oil distribution Pipes
Position Feed back
Transducer
Pistion & Cylinder
Emergency stop button
Servo valve
Multielment wave maker
(0.5m width)
Ethylene Propylene
rubber membrane
Hydralic power
pack(3 sets of
pumps & motors
1 2 3 4 5 6
+ + + + + + +
S2
Wave Basin
20 HZ Low
Pass Filter
Wave Digital
Sythesizer& Servo
Host p.c controller
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M.E.W.M
L.C.W.M
Measured & Simulated time histories of horizontal & vertical orbital velocities
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25 2.5
Measured Measured
Simulated Simulated
20 2.0
Sww(f)x10-4(m2/s)
1.5
Suu(f)x10-4(m2/s)
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10 1.0
5 5
1.0
MEM s=2
MLM =30
0.8 FM
TARGET
0.6
Comparison of the target directional spread with
that from different methods of analysis
0.4
D(w, )
0.2
0.0
-0.2
-180 -120 -60 0 60 120 180
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.22
Spectral density(Cm*Cm-s)
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.22
9.2
2
3.2
2
1.7
8
120
)
eg
(d
.19
150
.19
n
117
io
217
ct
.19
re
317
.19
Di
180
Freq
417
uenc
.19
y Hz(x
517
500)
Typical measured three dimensional spectra in the basin (Hs= 0.15, Tp=2s, theta=40degrees
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Instrumentation Laboratory
The Instruments available for the measurement of most of the physical phenomena
for the studies related to wave structure interaction problems
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List of a few Transducers
SUMMARY
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