Candidate

Centre Number Number

Candidate Name

CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

Joint Examination for the School Certificate
and General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level

CHEMISTRY 5070/2
PAPER 2 Theory OCTOBER/NOVEMBER SESSION 2002
1 hour 30 minutes

Candidates answer on the question paper.

Additional materials:
Answer paper

TIME 1 hour 30 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, Centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page and on
any separate answer paper used.
Section A
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on the question paper.
Section B
Answer any three questions.
Write your answers on the lined pages provided and/or on separate answer paper.
At the end of the examination, fasten any separate answer paper securely to the question paper.

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 16.
FOR EXAMINERS USE

Section A

B7

B8

B9

B10

TOTAL

This question paper consists of 13 printed pages and 3 lined pages.

SB (SLC/JG) S07090/3
CIE 2002 [Turn over
 2 For
Examiners
Use
Section A

Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

The total mark for this section is 45.

A1 Use the substances named in the table to answer the following questions.

melting point boiling point percentage by

name of substance
/ C / C volume in clean air
argon 189 186 0.93
carbon dioxide sublimes at 78 0.03
helium 270 269 0.0005
nitrogen 210 196 78.03
oxygen 219 183 20.99

(a) (i) Name a monatomic gas.

...................................................................................................................................

(ii) Name the gas used in the Haber Process to make ammonia.

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(iii) Which substances are liquids at 187 C?

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(iv) Name the substance which is a liquid over the largest range of temperature.

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 3 For
Examiners
Use
Box A represents the arrangement of particles in carbon dioxide at 79 C.

(v) Draw a diagram in box B to show the arrangement of particles in carbon dioxide at
77 C.

Box A Box B [6]

The percentage amounts of the same gases were measured in air from a crowded
classroom.

(b) (i) Name one gas whose percentage is higher in air from a crowded classroom.

...................................................................................................................................

(ii) Name one gas whose percentage is lower in air from a crowded classroom.

...................................................................................................................................
[2]

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 4 For
Examiners
Use
A2 Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are sometimes used as propellants in aerosols. Holes in the
ozone layer are caused by reactions involving chlorofluorocarbons.

(a) Explain why holes in the ozone layer can cause harm to humans.

......................................................................................................................................[2]

Difluoromethane, CH2F2 is a hydrofluorocarbon.

It can be used instead of CFCs in aerosols.

(b) Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the bonding in CH2F2.
Your diagram only needs to show outer shell electrons.

[2]

(c) Difluoromethane can be made by reacting methane with fluorine.

CH4 + F2 CH3F + substance X

CH3F + F2 CH2F2 + substance X

(i) Name substance X.

...................................................................................................................................

(ii) What is the name for this type of reaction?

...................................................................................................................................

(iii) Gaseous bromine will also react with methane.

Suggest whether the reaction is faster or slower than with fluorine.
Explain your answer.

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[3]

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A3 Tritium is an isotope of hydrogen.
An ion of tritium has the following structure.

(a) Complete the following table to show the names and charges of the particles in this
tritium ion.

symbol name charge

neutron

+ +1

1
[2]

(b) Using the symbol T to represent tritium, give the formulae of

(i) the ion shown above .................................................................................................

(ii) the compound formed between tritium and sodium. ................................................

[2]

(c) Would you expect the oxide of tritium to be a solid, a liquid or a gas?
Explain your reasoning.

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......................................................................................................................................[1]

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 6 For
Examiners
Use
A4 Propane and propene are organic compounds.

(a) State one similarity and one difference between the structures of propane and
propene.

similarity ...........................................................................................................................

difference .....................................................................................................................[2]

(b) Name a substance that can be used to distinguish between propane and propene. In
each case, describe what you would see.

substance .........................................................................................................................

observation with propane .................................................................................................

observation with propene .............................................................................................[2]

(c) Another compound, Z, can be polymerised to form polystyrene.

Part of the structure of polystyrene is shown below.

H C6H5 H C6H5 H C6H5 H C6H5

C C C C C C C C

H H H H H H H H

(i) Draw the structure of compound Z.

(ii) Name the two products which are formed by complete combustion of polystyrene.

...................................................................................................................................

(iii) Give one advantage of disposing of waste polystyrene by burning.

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[4]

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A5 In the future, fuel cells may be used to power cars.
In a fuel cell, the overall reaction is represented by the equation

2H2(g) + O2(g) 2H2O(l)

(a) This is the energy profile diagram for the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen.

2H2(g)+O2(g)
energy

2H2O(l)

progress of reaction

(i) Label on the diagram the activation energy of the reaction.

(ii) The fuel cell contains a catalyst. Draw a second curve on the diagram to show the
energy profile for the catalysed reaction.

(iii) Explain why this reaction is exothermic in terms of bond breaking and bond
forming.

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

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[5]

(b) Choose from the following list the metal that is most likely to act as a catalyst. Give a
reason for your choice.

beryllium lead titanium aluminium

metal ................................................................................................................................

reason ..........................................................................................................................[1]

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Examiners
Use
A6 Iron is manufactured in the blast furnace from haematite.

(a) In the furnace, a redox reaction takes place between iron and carbon monoxide.

Fe2O3 + CO Fe + CO2

(i) Balance the equation by inserting numbers into the boxes.

(ii) Explain how carbon monoxide is acting as a reducing agent.

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

(iii) State the change in oxidation state of iron during the reaction.

from............................ to ..................................................................

(iv) Explain why this is an example of reduction, in terms of electron transfer.

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................
[5]

(b) Scrap iron can be recycled by adding it to the molten iron, after it leaves the blast
furnace.
Give one reason, other than cost, why scrap iron is recycled.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) Magnetite is another ore of iron.

A student found that a sample of magnetite contained 50.4 g of iron and 19.2 g of oxygen.
Calculate the empirical formula of magnetite.

......................................................................................................................................[3]

(d) Iron from the blast furnace is used to make steel for building bridges.
Some bridges have blocks of magnesium attached to them.
Explain why.

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[2]

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Section B

Answer three questions from this section.

Write your answers on the lined pages that follow.

B7 Zinc can be extracted from calamine, ZnCO3, in a two-stage process.

Stage 1 ZnCO3 ZnO + CO2

Stage 2 ZnO + C Zn + CO

(a) Explain why the gases from stage 2 must be removed for the safety of the workers. [1]

(b) Explain why the same two-stage process cannot be used to extract sodium from sodium
carbonate, Na2CO3. [2]

(c) Industrial processes release large amounts of carbon dioxide. This contributes to global
warming.

Describe two environmental consequences of an increase in global warming. [2]

(d) In the laboratory, two experiments were set up using zinc metal.

zinc zinc
metal metal

aqueous iron(II) dilute

sulphate hydrochloric acid

For each experiment, describe what you would observe and how you would test any gases
evolved. Write an equation for the reaction in each beaker. [5]

[Total : 10]

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B8 Aqueous copper(II) sulphate is electrolysed using carbon electrodes.

(a) Give the formulae of all the ions present in the solution. [2]

(b) A copper coating forms on the cathode, and a gas is evolved at the anode.

(i) Write a half equation for the formation of copper at the cathode.
(ii) Name the gas formed at the anode and describe a test for this gas.
[3]

(c) After some time, the blue colour of the aqueous copper(II) sulphate fades and the pH of the
solution decreases.

Explain why these changes take place. [2]

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(d) A student investigated the relationship between the mass of copper formed and the total
charge passed through the solution.

This is a graph of the results.

0.25

0.20

0.15

mass of copper
formed / g
0.10

0.05

0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
charge /
coulombs

(i) What mass of copper is formed when a charge of 600 coulombs is passed through the
solution?
(ii) Use your graph to predict the charge needed to form 1 g of copper, and hence predict the
charge needed to deposit 1 mole of copper.
[3]

[Total : 10]

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B9 Ammonia is used to manufacture nitric acid, by a two-stage process.

Stage 1: the ammonia is converted to nitrogen(II) oxide.

4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g) H = 950 kJ/mol

(a) (i) State and explain how the rate changes when the pressure is increased. Use ideas
about colliding particles.
(ii) State and explain how the yield changes when the pressure is increased. Use ideas
about reacting volumes of gases.
[4]

(b) During the reaction, the ammonia and oxygen are passed through a powdered catalyst.

(i) Explain why the catalyst becomes hot during the reaction.
(ii) Explain why the catalyst is used in the form of a powder.
[2]

Stage 2: the nitrogen dioxide is converted to nitric acid.

4NO (g) + 2H2O(g) + 3O2(g) 4HNO3(aq)

(c) Calculate the maximum mass of nitric acid which can be made from 720 dm3 of
nitrogen(II) oxide, NO, at room temperature and pressure. [3]

(d) Use the two equations to construct an overall equation for the conversion of ammonia to
nitric acid. [1]

[Total : 10]

B10 Emissions from coal fired power stations contain sulphur dioxide, which causes acid rain.

Sulphur dioxide can be removed from the emissions by reaction with calcium carbonate.

(a) Name the raw material used as a source of calcium carbonate. [1]

(b) The sulphur dioxide reacts with the calcium carbonate to produce calcium sulphite, CaSO3,
and carbon dioxide.

(i) Write an equation for the reaction between calcium carbonate and sulphur dioxide.
(ii) A large coal-fired power station produces 960 tonnes of sulphur dioxide each year.

Calculate the mass of calcium carbonate needed to react with 960 tonnes of sulphur
dioxide (1 tonne = 1 x 106 g).
[3]

(c) Sulphur dioxide can be recovered by heating the calcium sulphite.

Describe, with the aid of equations, the manufacture of sulphuric acid from sulphur dioxide.
[6]

[Total : 10]

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 DATA SHEET
The Periodic Table of the Elements
Group
I II III IV V VI VII 0
1 4
H He
Hydrogen Helium
1 2

7 9 11 12 14 16 19 20
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulphur Chlorine Argon
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
16

85 88 89 91 93 96 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131

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Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

133 137 139 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209

Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
55 56 57 * 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

226 227

Fr Ra Ac
Francium Radium Actinium
87 88 89

140 141 144 150 152 157 159 162 165 167 169 173 175
*58-71 Lanthanoid series
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
90-103 Actinoid series Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
a a = relative atomic mass 232 238
Key X X = atomic symbol Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
b b = proton (atomic) number 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).