MIT Impedence Match
MIT Impedence Match
MIT Impedence Match
776
High Speed Communication Circuits and Systems
Lecture 5
Generalized Reflection Coefficient, Smith Chart
Alternately
Incident Wave Ex
jwt jkz
V+e e
x
y Hy
I+ejwtejkz
z
ZL
Reflected Wave Hy Ex
V-ejwte-jkz
I-ejwte-jkz
z
L 0
Incident Wave Ex
jwt jkz
V+e e
x
y Hy
I+ejwtejkz
z
ZL
Reflected Wave Hy Ex
V-ejwte-jkz
I-ejwte-jkz
z
L 0
Recall:
Since
Similarly:
Recall L is
Im{(z)}
Note: |L|
= 2kz
L
L
(z)
We can view (z)
|L| Re{(z)}
as a complex 0
number that
rotates clockwise
as z (distance
from the load)
increases
H.-S. Lee & M.H. Perrott MIT OCW
Calculate |Vmax| and |Vmin| Across The Transmission Line
We found that
Im{1+(z)}
(z)
|1+(z)|
|L|
Re{1+(z)}
0 1
Equation:
Graphical representation:
direction jwt jkz
V+e e
of travel t
|1 + (z)|
max|1+(z)|
|1+(0)|
min|1+(z)|
z
0
H.-S. Lee & M.H. Perrott MIT OCW
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)
Definition
From Slide 7
- From Lecture 3:
Also
x Z(/4)
y
z
z
L 0
Calculate reflection coefficient
Calculate impedance
H.-S. Lee & M.H. Perrott MIT OCW
Generalize Relationship Between Z(/4) and Z(0)
General formulation
At load (z=0)
- A useful approximation:
x
y Z()
z
z
0
Reflection coefficient:
x
y Z()
z
z
0
Reflection coefficient:
Zin L C
=0 negligible
x Z(0/4)
y
z
z
L 0
As previously calculated
Impedance calculation
Relate to frequency
H.-S. Lee & M.H. Perrott MIT OCW
Calculate Z( f) Step 1
0/4 ZL
x Z(0/4)
y
z
z
L 0
Wavelength as a function of f
x Z(0/4)
y
z
z
L 0
Impedance calculation
Recall
L=j
Re{L}
0.2 0.5 1 2 5
Zn=0.5
L=-j
j0.5 L=j j2
j0.2 j5
Zn=j0.5
L=-1 L=0 L=1
0 Re{L}
Zn=-j0.5
-j0.2 -j5
-j1
Fundamental formulas
- Derivation:
Im{L}
L=j
Yn=0.5 Zn=0.5
L=-j
j1 Im{L}
j0.5 L=j j2
Yn=-j2 Zn=j2
j0.2 j5
0 Re{L}
-j0.2 -j5
Yn=j2 Zn=-j2
-j1
H.-S. Lee & M.H. Perrott MIT OCW
Overall Smith Chart
j1
j0.5 j2
j0.2 j5
0
0.2 0.5 1 2 5
j0.2 j5
j0.5 j2
j1
or L match networks
remove forbidden regions
Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from
H.-S. Lee & M.H. Perrott http://contact.tm.agilent.com/Agilent/tmo/an-95-1/classes/imatch.html MIT OCW
Example Match RC Network to 50 Ohms at 2.5 GHz
Circuit
Matching
Zin ZL Cp=1pF Rp=200
Network
j1
j0.5 j2
j0.2 j5
0
0.2 0.5 1 2 5
-j0.2 -j5
-j1
(Note: ZLn=0.37-j1.16)
H.-S. Lee & M.H. Perrott MIT OCW
Develop Matching Game Plan Based on Smith Chart
j1
j0.5 j2
Z2n=0.37+j0.48
j0.2 j5
0
0.2 0.5 1 2 5
normalized
inductor
reactance
= j1.64
-j0.2 -j5
-j0.5 -j2
ZLn=0.37-j1.16
-j1
j1
j0.5 j2
Z2n=0.37+j0.48
(note: Y2n=1.00-j1.31)
normalized
j0.2 capacitor j5
susceptance
= j1.31
1.0+j0.0
0
0.2 0.5 1 2 5
-j0.2 -j5
-j1