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Its Grammar Time 1

Its Grammar Time is a series of four grammar books in full
colour. Designed for learners of English at beginner to
intermediate level, they systematically present, provide
practice of and revise English grammar structures.
The series can be used to supplement any main coursebook
and is suitable both for self-study and classroom use.

Key Features
clear, simple situational presentation of grammar

Virginia Evans - Jenny Dooley

structures through pictures and jokes
attractive photographs and illustrations
comprehensive theory boxes with examples
a variety of graded exercises where students practise
grammar structures taught in context
speaking and writing activities at the end of each unit
aiming to activate grammar structures taught in context
regular revision units
further practice material
regular Exploring Grammar sections

Components
Students Book
A1+
Teachers Book
Test Booklet
Test Booklet CD-ROM

ISBN 978-1-4715-3802-5
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Contents

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Unit 1 a/an/the ........................................... p. 5 Unit 21 was/were ......................................... p. 56

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Unit 2 The imperative ................................ p. 6 Unit 22 had ................................................. p. 58
Unit 3 The verb can ................................... p. 8 Unit 23 could .............................................. p. 59
Unit 4 The verb to be ................................. p. 10 Unit 24 Past simple (regular verbs) ............... p. 60
Unit 5 Personal subject object pronouns . p. 13 Exploring Grammar v (Units 21-24) ..... p. 64
Unit 6 Possessive adjectives ....................... p. 15 Revision (Units 1-27) ................................ p. 65
Unit 7 Question words .............................. p. 16
Unit 8 Plurals ............................................. p. 18 Unit 25 Past simple (irregular verbs) ............. p. 66
Exploring Grammar i (Units 1-8) ........... p. 20 Unit 26 Adjectives/Adverbs........................... p. 70
Revision (Units 1-8) .................................. p. 21 Unit 27 Comparisons ................................... p. 72
Exploring Grammar vi (Units 25-27) .... p. 76
Unit 9 there is/there are a/an some/any .. p. 22 Revision (Units 1-27) ................................ p. 77
Unit 10 this/these that/those ..................... p. 25
Unit 11 Prepositions of place ....................... p. 26 Unit 28 Future simple be going to
Future simple vs be going to/Present
Unit 12 Possessive adjectives/pronouns ........ p. 28
continuous ...................................... p. 78
Unit 13 The verb have got ........................... p. 30
Exploring Grammar vii (Unit 28) ........... p. 84
Exploring Grammar ii (Units 9-13) ........ p. 32
Revision (Units 1-28) ................................ p. 85
Revision (Units 1-13) ................................ p. 33

Unit 29 Countable/Uncountable nouns

Unit 14 Possessive case ................................ p. 34 a/an/some/any/no a lot of /
Unit 15 Present simple Adverbs of frequency. p. 36 much/many a few/a little ............... p. 86

Unit 16 Have got ......................................... p. 40 Unit 30 Modal verbs .................................... p. 92

Unit 17 Like, love, hate + -ing ....................... p. 41 Unit 31 Present perfect/Present perfect vs
past simple ..................................... p. 96
Exploring Grammar iii (Units 14-17) .... p. 42
Exploring Grammar viii (Units 29-31) .. p.100
Revision (Units 1-17) ................................ p. 43
Revision (Units 1-31) ................................ p.101

Unit 18 Present continuous Present simple vs

Present continuous ......................... p. 44 Further Practice Material

Unit 19 The definite article the .................. p. 50 Multiple choice questions ........................... p.102

Unit 20 Prepositions of time ........................ p. 52 Irregular verbs ............................................. p.104

Exploring Grammar iv (Units 18-20) .... p. 54

Revision (Units 1-20) ................................ p. 55

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Modal verbs

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Im so glad its

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Saturday and I dont
have to wake up early!
Luke can play You mustnt
the guitar, but speed.

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he cant play
the piano.

You should
You must
I have to study exercise every day
fasten your
hard for and you shouldnt
seatbelt during
university. give up trying.
takeoff.

must/mustnt have to/dont have to

We use must/mustnt to: We use have to to express
express obligation and duty. obligation and necessity.
You must obey the law. (Its your duty.) He has to be at work by 8 o clock
give strong advice. You must be polite to your teachers. (I strongly every morning. (He is obliged to.)
advise you to be polite to your teachers.) You mustnt eat too We use dont/doesnt have to
much sugar. (I advise you not to eat too much sugar.) to express lack of obligation
express prohibition. You mustnt talk in your classroom. and necessity. She doesnt have
(Its forbidden.) to be at work before 9 oclock.
(She isnt obliged to.)
can/cant Its Sunday. We dont have to go
We use can/cant to: to school today. (It isnt
talk about ability. Tina can dance very well. (She is able to.) necessary.)
ask for or give permission.
Can I go to the cinema tonight? (Is it OK if I ...?) should/shouldnt
You can use my dictionary. (You are allowed to.)
We use should/shouldnt to give
show possibility.
advice. You should brush your teeth
You can find some really nice gifts here! (Its possible.)
every day. (I advise you to .../Its a
make a request.
good idea to ...)
Can I have some tea, please? (Will you give me some tea?)
You shouldnt eat much chocolate.
We use cant to refuse permission. You cant go to the cinema (I advise you not to .../It isnt
tonight. (You arent allowed to.) a good idea to ...)

1 Look at the pictures and the words in bold. When do we use can, cant, have to, dont have to?
What other verbs like these do you know?

2 How good a driver are you? Match the signs to the sentences.

A B C
NO 1 B You mustnt leave your car here.
BUSES
PARKING ONLY 2 You mustnt drive over 30 miles per hour.
3 You mustnt enter.
4 You mustnt drive a car here.
D E F
5 You must turn right.
30 6 You must stop here.

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Modal verbs

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3 Fill in the gaps with can and cant. 6 Underline the correct item.

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Martha is a young athlete. Here are some Eric is a typical teenager who follows an
things that she can/cant do while unhealthy lifestyle. Here are some tips to

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training ... help him improve his lifestyle.

1 Martha cant eat unhealthy foods. 1 Eric is not very healthy; he can/has to stop
2 She ............... do lots of different exercises eating junk food.
in the gym. 2 He can/must lose weight if he exercises.
3 Martha ............... go out late in the evenings; 3 Eric mustnt/cant keep snacking during
she has to get enough rest. the day.
4 She ............... skip a training session. Its 4 Eric should/can always eat breakfast in the
important to train every day. morning.
5 Martha ............... train by herself; she 5 He doesnt have to/cant diet to lose
doesnt need her coach to help her. weight. He can eat healthier foods instead.
6 He can/must join a gym or a sports club if
4 Ken and Robert are flatmates. Here are Ken he wants to.
and Roberts household chores. Fill in the 7 He can/should try to find time to relax; he
gaps with have/has to or dont/doesnt have to. works very hard.
8 Eric shouldnt/doesnt have to go to bed
Ken Robert late in the evening. Hell be tired the next
take out the rubbish do the shopping day.
tidy his room tidy his room
cook dinner wash the dishes
iron his clothes cook dinner Underline the correct item.
7
1 Ken has to take out the rubbish. 1 A: Can/Must you drive me to the train
2 Robert ........................... do the shopping. station, Steve?
3 They ........................... tidy their rooms. B: Of course. But you have to/can wait a
few minutes till Im ready.
4 Robert ........................... wash the dishes.
2 A: Im really tired today.
5 Ken ........................... iron his clothes.
B: You can/should make sure you get
6 They ........................... cook dinner.
enough sleep.
3 A: That dish youre cooking looks lovely
5 Read the poster. Then choose the correct Bob.
advice. B: Thanks. I used macaroni, but you have
to/can make it with spaghetti or rice.
GYM SAFETY
4 A: You dont have to/mustnt talk in the
1 warm up before you do exercise library. It isnt allowed.
2 drink plenty of water B: Im sorry.
3 dont use exercise machines that 5 A: The doctor said that I really can/should
you dont know how to use lose some weight this year.
4 wear loose-fitting clothes B: Why dont you try doing sport?
5 ask staff for help
6 A: You dont have to/cant ride your bike
on the pavement; it isnt allowed.
1 You must/mustnt warm up before you
B: Im sorry, I didnt realise.
exercise.
7 A: You boys mustnt/couldnt play in the
2 You shouldnt/should drink plenty of water.
street!
3 You mustnt/should use machines that you
B: Youre right. Well go to the park.
dont know how to use.
8 A: Im thirsty. Can/Must you bring me a
4 You shouldnt/must always wear loose-fitting
glass of water, please?
clothes.
B: Sure.
5 You mustnt/should ask staff for help.
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Modal verbs

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Match the items in column A to their 10 Replace the words in bold with one of the
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synonyms in column B. modals in the list.

shouldnt can has to mustnt

1 d You should ... a Its your duty ...

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dont have to should must cant
2 You must ... b Is it OK if ...
1 It isnt necessary to wait for the bus. Ill
3 You dont have c You arent obliged to drive you home. You dont have to ... .
to ... ...
2 It isnt a good idea to eat foods with lots
4 Can I ... d I advise you to ... of fat. You ................................................
5 You can ... e Its forbidden to ... 3 She is able to dance well.
6 You mustnt ... f You are able to ... She .........................................................
7 You have to ... g I advise you not to ... 4 She is obliged to take her dog for a walk.
8 You shouldnt ... h Youre obliged to ... She .........................................................
5 Its a good idea to follow the recipe when
cooking. You ............................................
9 Complete the sentences using an
appropriate modal verb. 6 Its forbidden to take photos in the art
gallery. You ..............................................
1 I strongly advise you not to be late to work. 7 I strongly advise you to respect your
You mustnt be late to work. elders. You ..............................................
2 William is obliged to write three essays 8 You arent allowed to enter the building.
each term at college. You .........................................................
William ....................................................
................................................................
11 Rewrite the sentences using the correct
3 Its forbidden to drive until you have a form of the modals in the brackets.
driving licence.
You ......................................................... 1 You have my permission to borrow my car.
................................................................ (can)
4 You arent obliged to bring a gift to the You can borrow my car.
dinner party. 2 I strongly advise you to apologise to Tim.
You ......................................................... (must)
................................................................ ................................................................
5 Katie is able to cook better than Sandra. 3 It isnt necessary for you to wash the car.
Katie ....................................................... (have to)
................................................................ ................................................................
6 Kate isnt allowed to stay out late on 4 Its forbidden to touch the statues. (must)
weekdays.
................................................................
Kate ........................................................
5 Its a good idea to save some money.
................................................................
(should)
7 Is it OK if I borrow some tools from you?
................................................................
.................................................................
6 Is it OK if I have some of your coffee? (can)
................................................................
................................................................
8 It is our duty to help people in need.
7 Shes obliged to wear a uniform at work.
We ..........................................................
(has to)
................................................................ ................................................................
9 You are allowed to go out tonight. 8 You are allowed to take the day off. (can)
You .......................................................... ................................................................
................................................................
9 I strongly advise you not to worry. (must)
10 I strongly advise you to bring your
passport to the airport. ................................................................

You ......................................................... 10 Will you help me, please? (can)

................................................................ ................................................................
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Modal verbs

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Speaking

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12 Choose the correct answer.

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Your teacher is talking about the
1 Eric ..... wear a suit and tie at work. importance of a healthy lifestyle. Look at
A can B has to C should the phrases below and tell your classmates

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2 You ..... eat so much junk food. Its bad for
about what they should/shouldnt do to be
you. healthy.
A shouldnt B cant C dont have to
3 Sally ..... make great meals.
A can B has to C should
4 ..... I use your phone?
A Should B Must C Can
eat lots of fruit and vegetables
5 You ..... park here. Its forbidden.
exercise regularly
A shouldnt B dont have to
eat sweets or junk food
C mustnt
drink plenty of water
6 You can go out but you ..... be home by skip breakfast
11 pm! get at least 8 hours of sleep each
A can B must C should night
7 You ..... buy delicious ice cream here.
A must B can C have to To be healthy, you should eat lots of fruit and
vegetables.
8 Tom ..... work on Monday. Its his day off.
A shouldnt B mustnt
C doesnt have to Writing
Prepare a healthy lifestyle leaflet with tips
13 Rewrite the sentences using the correct
about diet and exercise. Say what you
phrase.
should/shouldnt do to be healthy. Use the
are not allowed strongly advise you information from the Speaking activity and
is forbidden advise you is necessary your own ideas.
is able to is not necessary it OK if
1 You mustnt talk in class.
It is forbidden to talk in class.
2 You shouldnt eat snacks before dinner.
I ................................... not to eat snacks
before dinner. Having a healthy lifestyle is important,
heres what you can do:
3 Betty can cook very well.
Betty ................................. cook very well. Dos
You should eat lots of fruit and
4 Can I go out with my friends tonight? vegetables.
Is ................................... I go out with my ...........................................................
friends tonight? ...........................................................
5 You must exercise more. ...........................................................
I ................................... to exercise more. ...........................................................
...........................................................
6 John has to be at work by 9 oclock.
It ................................... for John to be at Donts
work by 9 oclock. ...........................................................
7 You cant go to the party next week. ...........................................................
You .................................... to go to the ...........................................................
party next week. ...........................................................
...........................................................
8 You dont have to come early today.
...........................................................
It ................................. for you to come
early today.
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Present perfect

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Have you put some fresh
water in the fish bowl?

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No, the fish havent
drunk what was in it yet.

Form
subject + have/has + past participle

Affirmative Negative
Long Form Short Form Long Form Short Form
I/You have ve I/You have not havent
cleaned cleaned
He/She/It has s He/She/It has not hasnt
eaten eaten
We/You/They have ve We/You/They have not havent

Interrogative Short Answers

Have I/you Yes, I/you have. No, I/you havent.
cleaned?
Has he/she/it Yes, he/she/it has. No, he/she/it hasnt.
eaten?
Have we/you/they Yes, we/you/they have. No, we/you/they havent.

We form the present perfect with the auxiliary verb have/has and the past participle of the main verb. We
form the past participle of regular verbs by adding -ed to the verb. work worked.
We form the past participle of irregular verbs differently. do done (See the list of irregular verbs.)
We form the interrogative by putting have/has before the subject. Have you written your report?
We form the negative by putting not after have/ has. Kevin hasnt left yet.

Use
We use the present perfect for: Time words used with the present perfect:
actions which happened at an already (normally in affirmative sentences) You dont have
unspecified time in the past. The to go to the supermarket. Ive already done the shopping.
exact time is not mentioned because yet (normally in interrogative and negative sentences) Have
it is not important. Hes bought a new you finished your essay yet? I havent emailed John yet.
yacht. (When did he buy it? We dont just (normally in affirmative statements to show that an
mention the exact time because it is not action finished a few minutes earlier) Mums just finished
important. What is important is that hes doing the laundry.
got a yacht.) ever (normally in affirmative and interrogative sentences)
actions which started in the past and This is the best book I have ever read! Have you ever flown on a
still continue in the present. She has plane?
lived in this flat since 2010. (She moved to never (negative meaning) Shes never tried Indian food.
the flat in 2010 and she still lives there.) for (= over a period of time) Peter has known Steve for four
actions which have recently finished years.
and their results are visible in the since (= from a starting point in the past) I havent seen Bob
present. since Sunday.
He has just painted the fence. (We know it recently (normally in affirmative sentences) Tom has
because we can see the fence freshly recently bought a boat.
painted.) so far (normally in affirmative statements) Theyve visited two
experiences. Ive tried kayaking. art galleries so far.
this month/week/year I have visited my grandparents twice
this week.

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Present perfect

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1 Look at the joke and the words in bold. How do we form the present perfect? When do we use

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the present perfect?

2 Put the verbs in the present perfect. 4 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct

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form of the present perfect.
This is Mr Jacksons family and what
they have done so far in their life. Stephen and Karen are going out
tonight. Heres what they have/havent
done yet.

1 They have decided (decide) to eat Italian.

2 Stephen ...................... (book) a table.
3 They ...................... (not/eat) there yet.
4 They ...................... (ask) their friends Tom
and Alice to join them.
5 They ......................... (organise) to meet
1 In my life, I have sung (sing) in a choir. them at 8 pm.
2 My grandson ................. (play) many sports. 6 Karen ..................... (not/get) dressed yet.
3 My wife ..................... (read) a lot of novels.
4 My daughter-in-law ..................... (write) a 5 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct
childrens book. form of the present perfect.
5 My wife and I ..................... (watch) many
great films. Rachael: 1) Have you seen (you/see) my new
6 My son and his wife ..................... (travel) recipe book?
around the world. Ann: No, you 2) ........................................
7 My son ..................... (meet) some famous (not/show) it to me yet.
people. Rachael: It has a lot of recipes for Thai dishes. I
3) .................................... (never/eat)
8 My granddaughter ..................... (learn) to
Thai food.
speak French.
Ann: Why dont we cook something now?
4) ...................................... (you/find)
3 Lisa is in Paris on holidays. Write what she anything youd like to try?
has or hasnt done. Use already or yet. Rachael: Well, I wanted to cook a dish called ho
mok pla but I 5) ..................................
(not/buy) the ingredients yet.
visit the Eiffel Tower Ann: Lets get them now then. We
send postcards to her 6) ..................................... (not/cook)
family together for a long time. It will be fun!
go souvenir shopping
take videos on her
camcorder 6 Complete the questions using the verbs
go on a boat ride on the from the list in the present perfect. Then
River Seine answer about you.

drive go try run

1 Lisa has already visited the Eiffel Tower.
2 ................................................................ 1 A: Have you ever driven a car?
................................................................ B: Yes, I have./No I havent.
3 ................................................................ 2 A: ................................... a marathon?
................................................................ B: .........................................................
4 ................................................................ 3 A: ................................. bungee jumping?
................................................................ B: .........................................................
5 ................................................................ 4 A: ................................... on a boat ride?
................................................................ B: .........................................................
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Present perfect vs Past simple

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Present perfect vs Past simple
We use the present perfect: We use the past simple:
for actions which happened at an unstated time for actions or states which finished at a stated

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in the past. or implied time in the past.
He has bought a new car. (When did he buy it? We He bought this car five years ago. (When did he buy
dont know the exact time.) it? Five years ago. -in a particular time in the past)
for actions or states which began in the past for actions or states which finished in the past.
and continue up to the present. I was a medical student ten years ago. (Im not a
I have been a doctor for two years. (Im still a doctor.) student anymore. Im a doctor.)

Time words/phrases we use with the present Time words/phrases we use with the past simple
perfect are: just, ever, never, already, yet, always, are: yesterday, last night/week/month/year, ago,
how long, so far, for, since, recently, etc. then, when, in 2004, etc.

7 Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the 9 Put the verbs in brackets into
present perfect. the past simple or the present
perfect.
1 First Kate chopped (chop) the onions and then she
............................... (add) them to the soup. 1 A: Have you ever cooked
2 The Smith family ............................. (be) to Italy recently. (you/ever/cook) lasagna?
They ............................... (go) there on holiday in 2011. B: Yes, I ..............................
3 I think Jim ........................................ (forget) about our (make) some last week.
dinner plans. He ............................... (not/say) anything 2 A: I .....................................
about it yesterday. (not/see) Grace for ages!
4 Last week Sarah .................................... (drop) a pot of B: Really? She .....................
boiling water and ................................. (burn) her leg. (be) at the office this
5 I ............................. (just/finish) preparing for the dinner morning.
party. I .......................................... (bake) the roast last 3 A: .......................................
night and .................................... (make) the salad this (they/visit) the new Italian
afternoon. restaurant yet?
B: Yes, they .........................
(go) last weekend.
8 John works as a waiter. Read about his experience and
fill in the gaps with the correct words from the list. 4 A: .......................................
(Sophie/find) a new flat?
just ago never so far since yesterday for B: Yes. She .........................
ever yet already (move) in last week.
1 Ive been a waiter since 1st July. 5 A: How long ........................
2 Ive .................. worked in a restaurant before, so its (you/know) Ken?
been very interesting. B: I .....................................
3 Ive worked until midnight twice .................. this week. (know) him since secondary
school.
4 I stayed very late .................. .
6 A: .......................................
5 Ive only been in the job two weeks, but Ive ..................
(you/clean) the dishes yet?
received my first wages.
B: Yes. I ..............................
6 I havent received any complaints from customers
(wash) them an hour ago.
.................. which is good.
7 A: .......................................
7 I have .................. returned home from the restaurant
(they/ever/travel) to
and I feel a bit tired!
China?
8 I took a day off two days ................... .
B: No, they ..........................
9 I havent spoken to the manager .................. two weeks. (never/be) there.
10 Have you .................. worked as a waiter?
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10 Put the verbs in brackets into the present 12 Complete the email with the present

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perfect or the past simple. perfect or the past simple.

A: 1) Have you worked (you/work)

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at the Belle Temps for a long
Hi Sharon,
time?
Betty and I are in town for the next few days for the
B: Yes, 2) I ....................................
Strawberry Festival. We 1) arrived (arrive) yesterday and
(become) a chef at the Belle
we 2) .............................. (already/do) lots of things.
Temps in 1990.
Yesterday, we 3) ............................. (walk) around the food
A: When 3) .................................. (you/decide)
stalls and 4) ................................ (eat) lots of homemade
you wanted to become a chef?
B: When I was a child, I 4) .............................
strawberry ice cream and cake. We even 5) ..........................
(always/have) an interest in food. So, after (take) part in a strawberry eating contest but we
secondary school, I 5) ............................. 6) .................................... (not/win). I 7) .......................................
(choose) to study cookery in college. (never/eat) so many strawberries before in my life! In
A: 6) ............................. (you/ever/appear) on the aernoon, we 8) .................................. (attend) a street
any TV shows? parade with colourful oats. It 9) ................................. (be)
B: Actually, for the last two years I great. But we 10) ........................................... (not/compete)
7) ............................ (host) my own cookery yet in the festival fun race.
show. Its on Channel 6. What about you? 11) ...........................................................
A: Do you go abroad in your work? (you/ever/visit) a food festival?
B: No. I 8) ............................. (never/travel) Chloe
outside of England. Next year, Im going to
Germany for a holiday, though and Ill try to Speaking
get an idea of the German cuisine.
Imagine you are attending a festival. Look
at the notes and in pairs, ask and answer
questions about what you did and what
11 Circle the correct item.
you have/havent done so far.
1 James ..... in Spain when he was a student.
A lived B has lived C live
2 I ..... there for the first time last Saturday.
A eat B ate C have eaten arrive (two days ago)
do lots of things (already)
3 I bought this carton of milk a week ..... . enter a baking contest (yesterday morning)
A since B ago C yet compete in a festival fun race (yesterday
4 Alice and Wendy ..... awake since 6 oclock. afternoon)
A have been B were C are try many pies and cakes (so far)
attend the festival parade (yet)
5 Richard has worked as a chef ..... four years.
make an apple pie (yet)
A in B since C for
6 ..... the shopping yet? A: When did you arrive at the festival?
A Do you do B Did you do B: We arrived two days ago.
C Have you done A: What have you already done?
7 Its been really hot ..... yesterday. B: We have already done lots of things.
A since B for C yet
8 We ..... this caf lots of times.
Writing
A have visited B visited C visit Use the Speaking activity to write an
email to your friend about your festival
9 I ..... my work. Can I go, now?
A finish B have finished experience. Use the text in Ex. 12 as a
C am finishing model.

10 Ben ..... on a new book at the moment. Hi Joe,

A is working B work Tom and I are in town for the Apple festival.
C has worked We arrived two days ago and ...
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Exploring Grammar (Units 29-31)

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Present perfect Modal verbs

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1 a) Read the text and circle all the verbs in 3 a) Read the text and match the highlighted
the present perfect. Which refer to: verb forms to their use:

A) experiences? advice possibility

Y
B) actions which happened at an unspecified
b) Which modals do we use to express
time in the past?
ability? To give very strong advice/duty? To
C) actions which started in the past and still
ask for or give permission? To express
continue in the present?
obligation and necessity? Give examples.
b) What other uses of the present perfect c) Underline the correct item. Write their
do you know? synonym.

c) How do we form the negative and 1 Beth mustnt/cant cook very well. (isnt
able to)
interrogative of the present perfect? Find
examples in the text. 2 You cant/shouldnt eat too many sweets.
.................................
3 No, you cant/mustnt stay out late tonight.
A: There arent many free tables in the restaurant .................................
tonight. 4 You dont have to/mustnt book a table at
B: I know. Its really popular. The food here is great! this restaurant. .................................
A: Have you been here before then? 5 You must/should obey the law.
B: Yes, they serve a lot of interesting pasta and .................................
seafood. Look at the menu.
A: Yes, I see. Ive never tried squid ink pasta! Countable/Uncountable nouns
B: You should try it. Ive ordered it and its delicious!
A: OK, then. What are you having? 4 Underline the uncountable and countable
B: Ive chosen a Build-your-own pizza. nouns in the text and write C for countable
You can pick whatever you want to go on the and U for uncountable.
top.
A: How much does it cost? a/an some/any/no
B: 5.99 and then 50p for every topping. Im When do we use a/an/some/any/no? Find
having tomatoes, some mushrooms, a few
5
examples in the text.
peppers - and cheese of course!
A: Are you having any olives? much/many a lot of a few/A little
B: No olives - I cant stand them! Ill have a little
sauce, though. 6 a) Find and underline all the examples of
A: What about something to drink? much, many, a lot of, a few, a little in the
B: I havent decided yet. What are you having? text. Then write whether each word is
A: A glass of juice. followed by C (countable) and U
(uncountable nouns).

a lot + .......... much + ..........

Present perfect vs Past simple many + .......... (a) little ..........
2 Name the tenses of the verbs in bold in the (a) few + ..........
sentences (1-2) and then match them to
b) How do a little/little, a few/few differ in
their uses (A-B).
meaning? Give examples.
A a past action that happened at an unstated
time in the past. c) Choose the correct item.
B a past action that happened at a stated 1 There isnt many/much milk in my coffee.
time in the past.
2 There is a little/a few ice cream left.
1 We met our friend John last Friday. 3 Hes got very few/little friends.
2 Hes met David Beckham, a famous footballer. 4 How many/much apples are in the bowl?
5 There are a little/a few crisps in the bag.
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Revision (Units 1-31)

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1 Choose the correct item.

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1 Tim ..... two museums in London so far.
A visited B has visited C visits 20 We have ..... oranges left.
A a little B a few C a lot

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2 You ..... eat in the library. Its the rule.
A mustnt B dont have to 21 Henry ..... a film at the moment.
C shouldnt A watches B is watching
C watched
3 How ..... orange juice is there in the fridge?
A much B many C a lot of 22 Can I have ..... slice of bread, please?
A a B some C any
4 Eric hasnt finished his dinner ..... .
A just B yet C ever 23 Its hot. I ..... the window.
A ll open B m going to open
5 Anna ..... a delicious cake yesterday. C m opening
A has made B made C makes
24 Its sunny. You ..... take an umbrella.
6 ..... keys are those? A mustnt B dont have to
A Which B Who C Whose C cant
7 ..... is a hat on the table. Is it yours? 25 The cat is ..... the table.
A It B That C There A in B between C under
8 Ken is the smartest ..... all students.
A in B of C than

9 He likes ..... to jazz music. Grammar in Focus

A listen B to listen C listening
Fill in the correct form of the words in
10 They travelled to Paris a week ..... .
brackets, choose the correct word or fill
A ago B since C last
in the gap.
11 Carrie dances ..... than her sister.
A best B well C better A In 1) ..................... USA, there are lots
2) ................ amazing gyms. One gym though,
12 Kangaroos ..... in Australia. likes 3) ............... (help) the environment while
A are living B live C lives you exercise. At the Green Microgym, there
4) ............................ exercise machines which
13 Jack is ..... taller than Larry. produce electricity when you use 5) ...............!
A less B much C very This clean energy powers the whole gym. So,
14 My ..... name is Larry. you 6) ................ exercise without harming the
A uncles B uncles C uncles environment.
B Scientists 1) ................ (just/discover) an
15 The train leaves ..... ten minutes. amazing new species of lizard. Its name is the
A at B on C in leaf-tailed gecko and it 2) ................ (live) in
Australia. It hides 3) under/in front of rocks
16 There are two ..... in my bag.
during the day and hunts 4) ................ night.
A scarfs B scarves C scarfes
Leaf-tailed geckos have got 5) ................ (big)
17 ..... do you go to the gym? Twice a eyes than other lizards and are one of the
week. 6) ................ (rare) species of lizard on Earth.
A Where B How often C Why C Fugu is 1) ................ traditional speciality dish
of Japan. It is 2) ................ Japanese word for
18 ..... Amy got fair hair and blue eyes? pufferfish. You can eat it with 3) some/a few
A Have B Havent C Has salad or on its own, but be careful! The meat
of this fish is very poisonous and chefs 4) have
19 This is my friend from Italy. ..... name is Lucia.
to/can cook it 5) ................ (careful).
A Her B She C Hers

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