Reasoning in geometry

Book - Series I-2

Student

70 70

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Instant
Workbooks

Copyright
 Reasoning in geometry
Student Book - Series I 2

Contents

Topics Date completed

Topic 1 - Some basic ideas in geometry __/__/__

Topic 2 - Complementary, supplementary and vertically
opposite angles
__/__/__
Topic 3 - Angles and the value of pronumerals __/__/__
Topic 4 - Parallel lines and angles __/__/__
Topic 5 - Triangles and the value of pronumerals __/__/__
Topic 6 - Quadrilaterals and the value of pronumerals __/__/__
Topic 7 - Miscellaneous questions __/__/__
Topic 8 - Deductive geometry __/__/__
Topic 9 - Problem solving and geometry __/__/__

Practice Tests

Topic 1 - Topic test A __/__/__

Topic 2 - Topic test B __/__/__
Topic 3 - Topic test C __/__/__

Author of The Topics and Topic Tests: AS Kalra

Reasoning in geometry
Mathletics Instant Workbooks Series I 2 Copyright 3P Learning
CHAPTER 8
Reasoning in geometry
Reasoning in geometry EXCEL YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS
Pages 200202
Topic 1: Some basicUNIT
ideas
1:inS o
geometry
m e basic ideas in geometry
QUESTION 1 Complete the following sentences.
a An equilateral triangle is a triangle in which _______________ sides are equal.
b An isosceles triangle is a triangle in which _______________ sides are equal.
c An scalene triangle is a triangle in which _______________ sides are equal.
d An acute-angled triangle has _______________ acute angle(s).
e An obtuse-angled triangle has _______________ obtuse angle(s).
f A right-angled triangle has _______________ right angle(s).

QUESTION 2 Complete the following statements.

a The interior angles of an equilateral triangle are _______________ .
b The base angles of an isosceles triangle are _______________ .
c The angle sum of a triangle is _______________ .
d A triangle has all angles of equal size. The size of each angle is _______________ .
e An exterior angle of a triangle is always equal to the sum of ____________________________ angles.
f The angle sum of a quadrilateral is _______________ .

QUESTION 3 Complete the following.

a A quadrilateral is a ______________________________ plane figure.
b A polygon is a closed figure with ______________________________ sides.
c A trapezium is a quadrilateral with one pair of opposite sides _______________ .
d A parallelogram is a quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides _______________ .
e A rhombus is a parallelogram in which all sides are _______________ .
f A rectangle is a parallelogram in which each angle is a ______________________________ .

QUESTION 4 Complete the following sentences.

a A square is a quadrilateral with all sides _______________ and each angle is _______________ .
b A kite is a quadrilateral with two pairs of adjacent sides ______________ and no sides _____________ .
c The angle sum of a kite is _______________ .
d Opposite angles of a parallelogram are _______________ .
e Each angle of a rectangle is equal to _______________ .

QUESTION 5 Complete the following statements.

a Vertically opposite angles are _______________ .
b Alternate angles are _______________ .
c Corresponding angles are _______________ .
d Co-interior angles add up to _______________ .

90 EXCEL ESSENTIAL SKILLS: YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS REVISION AND EXAM WORKBOOK 2 EXTENSION

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Reasoning in geometry
Reasoning inm pgeometry
EXCEL YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS
Pages 202203

UNIT 2: C o l e m entary, supplementary and

v e r t i c a lly opposite
Topic 2: Complementary, supplementary angles
and vertically opposite angles

QUESTION 1 Find the value of the pronumeral in each of the following.

a b c

127
54 x
x 105 x

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________
d e f
x y 2t
120 70
136 m

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

QUESTION 2 Find the value of the pronumeral and give reasons to justify your answer.
a b c
160
(2x + 10) x 58
y
40 x

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________
d e (2a + 10)
f
x 110
72 x
150
(3a 40)

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

QUESTION 3 Find the value of the pronumeral, giving reasons.

a b c
x 68 m

54 5x 4x

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

Chapter 8: Reasoning in geometry

91

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Reasoning in geometry
Reasoning in geometry EXCEL YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS
Pages 202203
Topic 3: Angles and the value of pronumerals
UNIT 3: A n g l e s a n d the value of pronumerals
QUESTION 1 Find the value of the pronumeral in each of the following.
a b c
120
x x
130 20
15 x
25

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________
d e f
x x
100
50
115 x 89

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

QUESTION 2 Find the value of the pronumeral and give reasons for your answer.
a b c
x 36
70
40 x m
30

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

QUESTION 3 Find the value of the pronumeral, giving reasons.

a b c

a
50 60 p 35
x 65
20

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________
d e f
140
30
105 55
x 125 40 x
x 30

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

92 EXCEL ESSENTIAL SKILLS: YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS REVISION AND EXAM WORKBOOK 2 EXTENSION

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Reasoning in geometry
Reasoning in geometry EXCEL YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS
Pages 202203
Topic 4: Parallel lines and angles
UNIT 4: P a r allel lines and angles
QUESTION 1 Find the value of the pronumeral in each of the following.
a b c
65 70 115

p x x

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________
d e f
n
69 x 98
y 70
m

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

QUESTION 2 Find the value of the pronumeral, giving reasons.

a b c
140
x
x
66
87 m

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

QUESTION 3 Find the value of the pronumeral, giving reasons.

a b c
37 2t 130

x
y 110

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________
d e f
70 65 x
30
x
x y

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

Chapter 8: Reasoning in geometry

93
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Reasoning in geometry
Reasoning in geometry EXCEL YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS
Page 204
Topic 5: Triangles and
UNIT 5: T rthe
i a nvalue
g l e sofapronumerals
nd the value of pronumerals
QUESTION 1 Find the value of the pronumeral.
a b c
50 68 y

60 x 42 x 35

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________
d e f
y
2x

70 60 x (x + 20)

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

QUESTION 2 Find the value of the pronumeral.

a b c
100 3x 3a

2a 60 x 4a 2a

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________
d 3a e f
3x 84
2a
x 20 x x

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

QUESTION 3 Find the value of the pronumeral.

a b c 110
85 80
55 a x
y 120

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________
d e f
120 80
x x

m 115

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

94 EXCEL ESSENTIAL SKILLS: YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS REVISION AND EXAM WORKBOOK 2 EXTENSION

Reasoning in geometry
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Reasoning
Reasoning in geometry
in geometry EXCEL YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS
Page 205
Topic 6: Quadrilaterals and the value of
UNIT 6: Quadrilaterals andpronumerals
the value of pronumerals
QUESTION 1 Find the value of the pronumeral.
a b c
2x 95
63
106
x
87 92
25
105 x 80 x

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________
d e f
95 120 98
25
60 x 70
130
20
y 75 x

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

QUESTION 2 Find the value of the pronumeral.

a 60
b 70 c
3y
100
92
y
80 80 2y b a 70

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

QUESTION 3 Find the value of the pronumeral.

a b c
x 3x 70
x x
75 220 230
x
30 x 50

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________
d 120
e f
80
80 120
x
x (2x + 5)
y (x 20) 135

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

Chapter 8: Reasoning in geometry

95
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Reasoning in geometry
Reasoning in geometry EXCEL YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS

Topic 7: Miscellaneous UNIT 7: M i s cellaneous questions

questions
Pages 203205

QUESTION 1 Find the value of the pronumeral in each of the following.

a b c
(x + 4)
x y y
115 92
45 45
110 x x
75 y

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________
d e y
f
40
x
130

x 40 y
60

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

QUESTION 2 Find the value of the pronumeral in each of the following.

a 55 45 b c
120 c
b x x
a
65
48 x 50 y 30

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

QUESTION 3 Find the value of the pronumeral in each of the following.

a b c
x 4x

145 x 2x

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________
d e f
40 38 65
y
x x
125 130 30

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

96 EXCEL ESSENTIAL SKILLS: YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS REVISION AND EXAM WORKBOOK 2 EXTENSION

Reasoning in geometry
Mathletics Instant Workbooks Series I 2 Copyright 3P Learning
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Reasoning
Reasoning in geometry
in geometry EXCEL YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS

UNIT 8: D eductive geometry

Pages 205206
Topic 8: Deductive geometry

QUESTION 1 For the parallelogram shown, prove that a + b + c + d = 360 A B

a b
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________ d c
D C
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

QUESTION 2 AB and CD are two intersecting lines.

A D
Prove that the vertically opposite angles are equal.
_______________________________________________________________ b
a c
_______________________________________________________________ d
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________ C B

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

QUESTION 3 In the triangle ABC, prove that the exterior angle ACD is A
equal to the sum of the opposite interior angles a and b . a
In other words, show that ACD = a + b
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
b c
_______________________________________________________________
B C D
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

QUESTION 4 Prove that the angle sum of a triangle is equal to 180 . A

In other words, show that a + b + c = 180 a
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
b c
_______________________________________________________________ B C D

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Chapter 8: Reasoning in geometry

97
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Reasoning
Reasoning in geometry
in geometry EXCEL YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS

Topic 9: Problem solving and geometry

Pages 205206

UNIT 9: P r o b l e m solving and geometry

1 Two angles of a triangle are 55 and 45 . Find the third angle.

______________________________________________________________________________________

2 Three angles of a quadrilateral are 80 , 60 and 140 . Find the fourth angle.

______________________________________________________________________________________

3 If one of the base angles of an isosceles triangle is 72 , find the size of the vertex angle.

______________________________________________________________________________________

4 If the vertex angle of an isosceles triangle is 82 , find the size of each of the base angles.

______________________________________________________________________________________

5 If a triangle has all three sides equal, find the size of each angle.

______________________________________________________________________________________

6 In a right-angled triangle the two shorter sides are equal. What is the size of each acute angle?

______________________________________________________________________________________

7 In a right-angled triangle one of the angles is 50. Find the other acute angle.

______________________________________________________________________________________

8 In a rhombus one angle is 120 . Find the size of the other angles.

______________________________________________________________________________________

9 The angles of a triangle are x , 2x and 3x . Find the size of each angle.

______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________

10 In a parallelogram one of the angles is 65 . Find the size of all other angles.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________

11 In a right-angled triangle one acute angle is four times the size of the other acute angle.
What is the size of each angle?
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________

12 ABCD is a rectangle. If DBC = 60 , find BDC. A B

60
______________________________________________
D C
______________________________________________

98 EXCEL ESSENTIAL SKILLS: YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS REVISION AND EXAM WORKBOOK 2 EXTENSION

Reasoning in geometry
Mathletics Instant Workbooks Series I 2 Copyright 3P Learning
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Reasoning in geometry
Reasoning
Reasoning in in geometry
geometry
Topic Test PART A
TOPIC
TOPICTESTTEST
Instructions This part consists of 12 multiple-choice questions
PART
PARTAA
Instructions Each
Instructions Thisquestion
This part is worth
partconsists
consists of115
of mark
15multiple
multiplechoice
choicequestions
questions
Fill
Fillininin
Fill only ONE
only
onlyONECIRCLE
ONE CIRCLEfor for
CIRCLE each question
foreach
eachquestion
question
Each
Eachquestion
questionisisworth
worth11markmark
Calculators are NOT allowed
Calculators
Calculatorsmay maybe beused
used
Time allowed: 15 minutes Total marks = 12
Time
Timeallowed:
allowed:15
15minutes
minutes Total
Totalmarks
marks==15
15
Marks
Marks
Marks
11 The
Thenumber
numberofofsides
sidesequal
equal ininan
anequilateral
equilateraltriangle
triangleare
are
AA none
none BB 22 CC 33 DD none
noneofofthese
these 11

22 The
Thenumber
numberofofsides
sidesequal
equalininan
anisosceles
isoscelestriangle
triangleare
are
AA none
none BB 22 CC 33 DD none
noneofofthese
these 11

33 The
Thenumber
numberofofsides
sidesequal
equalininaascalene
scalenetriangle
triangleare
are
AA none
none BB 22 CC 33 DD none
noneofofthese
these 11

44 The
Theangle
anglesum
sumofofaatriangle
triangleisisalways
alwaysequal
equaltoto
AA 90
90 BB 180
180 CC 270
270 DD 360
360 11

55 The
Theangle
anglesum
sumofofaaquadrilateral
quadrilateralisisalways
alwaysequal
equaltoto
AA 90
90 BB 180
180 CC 270
270 DD 360
360 11

66 The
Thenumber
numberofofacute
acuteangles
anglesininan
anacute-angled
acute-angledtriangle:
triangle:
AA 11 BB 22 CC 33 DD none
noneofofthese
these 11

77 The
Thenumber
numberofofobtuse
obtuseangles
anglesininan
anobtuse-angled
obtuse-angledtriangle:
triangle:
AA 11 BB 22 CC 33 DD none
noneofofthese
these 11

88 The
Thenumber
numberofofright
rightangles
anglesininaaright-angled
right-angledtriangle:
triangle:
AA 11 BB 22 CC 33 DD none
noneofofthese
these 11

99 IfIftwo
twoangles
anglesofofaatriangle
triangleare
arecomplementary,
complementary,then
thenthe
thethird
thirdangle
angleisis
AA acute
acute BB right-angled
right-angled CC obtuse
obtuse DD none
noneofofthese
these 11

10
10 InInany
anyright-angled
right-angledtriangle,
triangle,the
theother
othertwo
twoangles
anglesare
areboth
both
AA acute
acute BB right
rightangles
angles CC obtuse
obtuse DD none
noneofofthese
these 11

Chapter
Chapter8:8:Reasoning
Reasoninginingeometry
geometry Reasoning in geometry 99
99
Mathletics Instant Workbooks Series I 2 Copyright 3P Learning
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Reasoning in geometry
Topic Test PART A continued

Marks

Reasoning in geometry Marks

Marks
11 In a triangle, the number of right angles can be
11 In a triangle, the number of right angles can be
A
A 1
1 B
B 2
2 C
C 33 D
D none
none of
of these
these 1
1

12
12 In
In aa triangle,
triangle, if
if one
one angle
angle is
is 38
38 and
and the
the other
other is
is 52
52 ,, the
the triangle
triangle is
is called
called
A
A scalene
scalene B
B acute-angled
acute-angled C
C right-angled
right-angled D
D obtuse-angled
obtuse-angled 1
1

13
13 The
The minimum
minimum number
number of
of sides
sides in
in aa polygon:
polygon:
A 2 B
B 3 C
C 44 D
D 55 1
1
A 2 3

14
14 The
The number
number of
of sides
sides in
in aa quadrilateral:
quadrilateral:
A
A 2
2 B
B 3
3 C
C 44 D
D 55 1
1

15
15 The
The sum
sum of
of the
the exterior
exterior angles
angles of
of any
any polygon
polygon is
is equal
equal to
to
A
A 90
90 B
B 180
180 C
C 270
270 D
D 360
360 1
1

Total marks achieved for PART A

Total 15
Total marks
marks achieved
achieved for
for PART
PART AA 15
15

Reasoning in geometry
Mathletics Instant Workbooks Series I Copyright 3P Learning
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Reasoning in geometry
Reasoning
Reasoning in in geometry
geometry
Topic Test PART B
TOPIC
TOPIC TESTTEST
Instructions This part consists of 15 questions
PART
PART BB
Instructions Each
Instructions Thisquestion
This part is worthof
part consists
consists 1 mark
of 15
15 questions
questions
Each
Each question
question is
is worth
worth 11 mark
mark
Write answers in the answers-only column
Write
Write answers
answers inin the
the Answers
Answers only
only column
column
Time allowed: 20 minutes Total marks = 15

Time
Time allowed:
allowed: 15 Questions
15 minutes
minutes Answers
Total
Total marks
marksonly
=
= 15
15 Marks

Questions
Questions Answers
Answers only
only Marks
Marks

Name
Name the
the following
following angles.
angles.
11
11 22 33 ___________________
___________________

___________________
___________________ 11

___________________
___________________ 11

Find
Find the
the value
value of
of the
the pronumeral.
pronumeral.

44 55 6
6 ___________________
___________________
110
110
11
x
x ___________________
___________________
115
115 x
x 72
72
58
58 11
x
x ___________________
___________________
11

77 88 x
x
99 135
135 ___________________
___________________
72
72 11
125
125 ___________________
___________________
x
x
x
x 11
56
56 83
83 ___________________
___________________
11

10
10 11
11 12
12 ___________________
___________________
p
p
50
50 70
70 11
a
a m
m ___________________
___________________
65
65 11
48
48 ___________________
___________________
11

13
13 14
14 75
75 15
15 ___________________
___________________
45
45 11
y
y x
x ___________________
___________________
3x
3x 92
92
x
x x
x x
x 11
68
68 ___________________
___________________
35
35
11

Total
Total marks
marks achieved
achieved for
for PART
PART B
B
15
15
Total marks achieved for PART B
15
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter8:8:
8:Reasoning
Reasoning
Reasoninginin
ingeometry
geometry
geometry
101
101
Reasoning in geometry
Mathletics Instant Workbooks Series I 2 Copyright 3P Learning
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Reasoning in geometry
Reasoning
Reasoning in
in geometry
geometry
Topic Test PART C
TOPIC
TOPICTEST TEST
Instructions This part consists of 4 questions
PART
PARTCC

Instructions Each
Thisquestion is worthof5 4
part consists marks
questions
Instructions This part consists of 4 questions
Show
Eachallquestion
necessary
is worth 5 marks
Each question is worth 5 marks
Show all necessary working
Show all necessary working
Time allowed: 20 minutes Total marks = 20

Timeallowed:
Time Questions
20 minutes Total marks = 20 Marks
allowed: 20 minutes Total marks = 20
1 Comlete the following statements.
Marks
Marks
1 Comlete the following statements.
a The base angles of an isosceles triangle are _________________ .
a The base angles of an isosceles triangle are _________________ .
b The size of each interior angle of an equilateral triangle is ________________ .
b The size of each interior angle of an equilateral triangle is ________________ .
c A right angle is equal to _________________ .
c A right angle is equal to _________________ .
d A quadrilateral is a________________ sided plane figure.
d A quadrilateral is a________________ sided plane figure.
e A trapezium is a quadrilateral in which one pair of opposite sides are _________________ . 5
e A trapezium is a quadrilateral in which one pair of opposite sides are _________________ . 5
22 Find the value of the pronumeral in each of the following.
Find the value of the pronumeral in each of the following.
a b c
a b c 110
110 x
120 a x
120 a x 2x
x 2x

___________________ ___________________ ___________________

___________________ ___________________ ___________________
d e
d e
60 20
3a 60 20
3a x
x
___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
5
5
33 Find the value of each pronumeral, giving reasons.
Find the value of each pronumeral, giving reasons.
a b y c
a b y
60
60 c (2x + 30)
(2x + 30)
y
60 y
x x 150
60 x 150
x
___________________ ___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________ ___________________ 5
___________________ ___________________ ___________________ 5
44 Find the value of each pronumeral, giving reasons.
Find the value of each pronumeral, giving reasons.
a 148 72 b (x + 10) c 100
a a 148 72 b c 100
a (x + 10)
63 y 110
63 y 110 40 x y
40 x y

___________________ ___________________ ___________________

___________________ ___________________ ___________________ 5
___________________ ___________________ ___________________ 5
___________________ ___________________ ___________________

Total marks achieved for PART C

Total marks achieved for PART C 20
Total marks achieved for PART C 20
20
Reasoning in geometry
102 13
EXCEL ESSENTIAL SKILLS: YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS REVISION AND EXAM WORKBOOK 2 EXTENSION
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Series SKILLS: YEAR
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