Media 1505143131 918696
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Objective Questions s
Problem -1: For the gaseous phase reaction
2A + B C+ D,
1
3
The value of Kp is 10 2.30310
. What is the value of G° at 27°C.
(A) – 600 K cals (B) – 6 Kcals
3
(C) 10 Kcals (D) 10 Kcals
(E) None
1
= – 2.303 2 300 cals log 10
2.303 10 3
= – 600 Kcals
(A)
Solution:. A + B 2C + D
t= 0 1M 1M 0 0
–(1–x) (1–x) (2–2x) (1–x)
——————————————————————————
xM x (2–2x) (1–x)
(2 2x ) (1 x )
2
2 1
2
K= = 108
xx x2
x = 2 10–4
(A)
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Problem-5: For the reaction PCl3 (g) + Cl2(g) PCl5(g), the value of KP at 250C is
–1
0.61 atm . The value of KC at this temperature will be
–1 –1
(A) 15 (mol/l) (B) 26 (mol/l)
–1 –1
(C) 35 (mol/l) (D) 52 (mol /l)
Problem-6: In the reaction A2(g) + 4B2 (g) 2AB4(g) , H > 0. The decomposition of
AB4 (g) will be favoured at
(A) low temperature and high pressure
(B) high temperature and low pressure
(C) low temperature and low pressure
(D) high temperature and high pressure
1
SO3(g) Kp = 1.7 10
12
Problem -7: For the reaction SO2(g) + O2(g) at 20°C and 1
2
atm pressure. Calculate Kc.
(A) 1.7 10 (B) 0.7 10
12 12
1
Solution: For the reaction SO2(g) + O2(g) SO3(g)
2
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1.7 1012
Kc =
(0.0821 293 )1 / 2
Kc = 7 1012 (0.0821 293)+1/2
= 8.338 1012
(C)
Problem-8: Applying the law of mass action to the dissociation of hydrogen Iodide
2HI(g) H2 + I2
We get the following expression
(a x )(b x )
K
4x 2
Where a is original concentration of H2, b is original concentration of I2, x is
the number of molecules of H2 and I2 reacted with each other. If the
pressure is increased in such a reaction then
(a x)(b x) (a x)(b x)
(A) K = (B) K
4x 2 4x 2
(a x)(b x)
(C) K (D) none of these
4x 2
Solution: For the reaction H2 + I2 2HI (g) since n = 0. Equilibrium constant KC
will be uneffected by change in pressure.
(A)
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1
= 0.0821 973
1 .8
Kc = 44.3796
(C)
Problem-10: The following equilibrium when methyl mercaptan (CH 3SH - the smell in
onions) is dissolved in water, which statement is false?
– +
CH3SH + H2O CH3S + H3O
(A) CH3SH is weak acid
(B) H2O is a weak base
–
(C) CH3S is the conjugate base
+
(D) H3O is the conjugate acid of H2O
Problem-12: For the reaction N2O4(g) 2NO2(g) the reaction connecting the degree
of dissociation () of N2O4(g) with its equilibrium constant KP is
KP / P KP
(A) = (B) =
4 KP / P 4 KP
1/ 2 1/ 2
KP / P KP
(C) = (D) =
4 KP / P 4 KP
Solution: N2O4(g) 2NO2(g)
t=0 1 0
t = equilibrium 1– 2
n = 1 +
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2
2
P 1
Kp =
1
P 1
P 4 2
Kp =
1 2
(C)
Problem-13: 40% of a mixture of 0.2 mol of N 2 and 0.6 mol of H2 react to give NH3
according to the equation: N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) at constant
temperature and pressure. Then the ratio of the final volume to the initial
volume of gases are
(A) 4:5 (B) 5:4
(C) 7:10 (D) 8:5
Solution: N2 + 3H2 2NH3
t=0 0.2 0.6 0
at = t 0.2–n 0.6–3x 2x
40% of N2 = 0.2 0.4 = 0.08
40% of H2= 0.6 0.4 = 0.24
number of moles of N2 remaining = 0.2 – 0.08 = 0.12
number of moles of H2 remaining = 0.6–0.24 = 0.36
number of moles of NH3 formed = 0.16
Total number of moles = 0.12 + 0.36 + 0.16 = 0.64
Final volume Final moles 0.64 4
=
Initial volume Initial moles 0.80 5
(A)
Problem- 14: One mole of N2O4(g) at 300 K is kept in a closed container under one
atmosphere. It is heated to 600 K when N 2O4 (g) decomposes to NO2(g). If
the resultant pressure is 2.4 atm, the percentage dissociation by mass of
N2O4 (g) is
(A) 10% (B) 20%
(C) 30% (D) 40%
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P2 = 2 atm
Ater dissociation of N2O4 at 600K,
PN2O4 = 2 (1–) = 2–2
PN2O4 = 2 2 = 4
Total pressure = 2–2+4 = 2+2
2+2 = 2.4 (Given)
= 0.2
Percentage dissociation = 20%
(B)
Problem- 15: K for the synthesis of HI (g) is 50. The degree of dissociation of HI is
(A) 0.10 (B) 0.14
(C) 0.18 (D) 0.22
Subjective Problems s
LEVEL ONE
1. The value of Kp for the reaction
2H2O(g) + 2Cl2(g) 4HCl(g) + O2(g)
is 0.035 atm at 400oC, when the partial pressures are expressed in atmosphere.
Calculate Kc for the reaction,
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1
O2 (g) 2HCl(g) Cl2(g) + H2O(g)
2
2. Kp for the reaction N2O4 (g) 2NO2 (g) is 0.66 at 46C. Calculate the percent
dissociation of N2O4 at 46C and a total pressure of 0.5 atm. Also calculate the
partial pressure of N2O4 and NO2 at equilibrium.
3. The density of an equilibrium mixture of N2O4 and NO2 at 1 atm. and 348 K is
1.84 g dm-3. Calculate the equilibrium constant of the reaction,
N2O4(g) 2NO2(g).
4. Ammonium hydrogen sulphide dissociated according to the equation
NH4HS(s) NH3(g) + H2S(g). If the observed pressure of the mixture is 1.12
atm at 106oC, what is the equilibrium constant Kp of the reaction ?
5. In a mixture of N2 and H2 initially in a mole ratio of 1:3 at 30 atm and 300oC, the
percentage of ammonia by volume under the equilibrium is 17.8. Calculate the
equilibrium constant (KP) of the mixture, for the reaction,
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)
6. 25 c.c. of H2 and 18 c.c. of I2 vapour were heated in a sealed tube at 456C and
at equilibrium 30.8 c.c. of HI were formed. Calculate the degree of dissociation of
pure HI at 456C.
7. The pressure of iodine gas at 1273 K is found to be 0.112 atm whereas the
expected pressure is 0.074 atm. The increased pressure is due to dissociation
I2 2I. Calculate KP.
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13. The KP for the reaction, H2 + I2 2HI at 460C is 49. If the initial partial
pressure of H2 and I2 each is 0.5 atm respectively, determine the partial pressure
of each gas at equilibrium.
14. N2O4 is 25% dissociated at 37C and one atmospheric pressure. Calculate (i) KP
and (ii) percent dissociation at 0.1 atmospheric pressure and 37C.
15. When 3.06 g of solid NH4HS is introduced into a two litre evacuated flask at
27C, 30% of the solid decomposes into gaseous ammonia and hydrogen
sulphide. (i) Calculate KC and KP for the reaction at 27C. (ii) What would happen
to the equilibrium when more solid NH4HS is introduced into the flask?
LEVEL TWO
1 3
2. For the reaction NH3 (g) N2 (g) + H2 (g)
2 2
Show that the degree of dissociation of NH3 is given as
1/2
3 3 P
= 1
4 K P
where P is the equilibrium pressure. If KP of the above reaction is 78.1 atm at
400C, determine the value of KC.
3. Calculate the total pressure at 400C that must be applied to a mixture of three
parts of hydrogen and one part of nitrogen to give a mixture containing 10%
ammonia at equilibrium.
Given: N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g); Kp =1.60 10-4 bar-2 at 400C.
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1
CO (g) + O2 (g) CO2 (g); KP = 2.5 105
2
C (graphite) + CO2 (g) 2CO (g); KP = 1.67 103
Find KP for the reaction C (graphite) + O2 CO2 (g)
5. When one mole of benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) and three moles of ethanol
(C2H5OH) are mixed and kept at 200C until equilibrium is reached, it is found
that 87% of the acid is consumed by the reaction.
C6H5COOH(l) + C2H5OH (l) C6H5COOC2H5(l) + H2O(l)
Find out the percentage of the acid consumed when one mole of the benzoic
acid is mixed with four moles of ethanol and treated in the same way.
6. For the reaction, A+3B 2C, the reaction was carried out at a temperature of
400C and pressure 1 atm in a closed container with the molar ratio of A:B as
1:3. At equilibrium the mole percent of C was found to be 20%. Calculate KP and
KC.
P 7P
Derive the expression : KP = 4
, where P is the total pressure and PO2
O2
9. A mixture of 0.373 atm of NO(g) and 0.310 atm Cl2(g) is prepared at 500K.
The reaction 2NO(g) + Cl2 (g) 2NOCl (g) takes place. The total pressure at
equilibrium is 0.544 atm. Determine KP for the reaction.
10. For the reaction I2 (g) 2I (g), KC = 1.0 10–2 mol lit–1. What volume of the
vessel should be taken so that at equilibrium 1 mole of I2 and 0.5 mole of I are
present at equilibrium?
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12. The density of an equilibrium mixture of N2O4 and NO2 at 101.325k Pa is 3.62 g
dm–3 at 288K and 1.84 g dm–3 at 348K. What is the heat of reaction for
N2O4(g) 2NO2(g)?
14. What is the percent decomposition of H2S if 1.0 mole of H2S is introduced into
1.1L vessel at 1000K? KC for the reaction:
2H2S(g) 2H2(g) + S2(g) is 1.0 10–6.
Objective Problems s
LEVEL ONE
Instruction: In each of the following objective questions, 4/5 alternatives are given. In
each one, one or more than one may be correct.
2. The vapour density of PCl5 is 104.25 but when heated to 230C, its vapour
density is reduced to 62. The degree of dissociation of PCl5 at this temperature
will be
(A) 6.8% (B) 68%
(C) 46% (D) 64%
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4. For a reversible reaction, if the concentrations of the reactants are doubled, then
the equilibrium constant will
A) be halved (B) be doubled
C) remain the same (D) will become one fourth
5. The vapour density of fully dissociated NH4Cl would be
(A) less than half of the vapour density of pure NH4Cl
(B) double of the vapour density of pure NH4Cl
(C) half of the vapour density of pure NH4Cl
(D) one fourth of the vapour density of pure NH4Cl
6. vant Hoff’s equation giving the effect of temperature on chemical equilibrium may
be represented as
d Ho d Ho
(A) ln KP = (B) ln KC =
dT RT 2 dT RT 2
d HoT 2 d RT 2
(C) ln KP = (D) ln KP =
dt R dt Ho
7. For the reaction A + 2B 2C at equilibrium [C] = 1.4 M , [A]O = 1M, [B]O = 2M,
[C]O = 3M, The value of KCis
(A) 0.084 (B) 8.4
(C) 84 (D) 840
8. The equilibrium constant KC of the reaction : A2 (g) + B2 (g) 2AB (g) is 50. If
1 mol of A2 and 2 mol of B2 are mixed, the amount of AB at equilibrium would be
(A) 0.467 mol (B) 0.934 mol
(C) 1.401 mol (D) 1.866 mol
10. A 10 litre box contains O3 and O2 at equilibrium at 2000K. KP = 4.17 1014 for
2O3 3O2. Assume that PO2 >> PO3 and if total pressure is 7.33 atm, then
partial pressure of O3 will be
(A) 9.71 10–5 atm (B) 9.71 10–7 atm.
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13. In what manner will increase of pressure affect the following equation?
C(s) + H2O (g) CO(g) + H2(g)
(A) shift in the forward direction (B) shift in the reverse reaction
(C) increase in the yield of H2 (D) no effect
14. The reaction A + B C + D proceeds to right hand side upto 99.9%. The
equilibrium constant K of the reaction will be
(A) 104 (B) 105
6
(C) 10 (D) 108
17 For an equilibrium reaction involving gases, the forward reaction is Ist order while
the reverse reaction is IInd order. The units of KP for the forward equilibrium is
(A) atm (B) atm2
–1
(C) atm (D) atm–2
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LEVEL TWO
Instruction: In each of the following objective questions, 4/5 alternatives are given. In
each one, one or more than one may be correct.
2. For the reaction PCl3 (g) + Cl2(g) PCl5(g), the value of KP at 250C is 0.61 atm–1.
The value of KC at this temperature will be
(A) 15 (mol/l)–1 (B) 26 (mol/l)–1
–1
(C) 35 (mol/l) (D) 52 (mol /l)–1
3. In the reaction A2(g) + 4B2 (g) 2AB4(g) , H 0. The decomposition of AB4 (g)
will be favoured at
(A) low temperature and high pressure
(B) high temperature and low pressure
(C) low temperature and low pressure
(D) high temperature and high pressure
7. For the gas phase reaction C2H4(g) + H2(g) C2H6(g); H = –32.7 kcal carried out
in a vessel, the equilibrium concentration of C2H4 can be increased by
(A) increasing temperature (B) decreasing pressure
(C) removing some H2 (D) adding some C2H6
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8. KP for a reaction at 25C is 10 atm. The activation energy for forward and reverse
reactions are 12 and 20 kJ / mol respectively. The KC for the reaction at 40C will be
(A) 4.33 10–1 M (B ) 3.33 10–2 M
–1
(C) 3.33 10 M (D) 4.33 10–2 M
9. For the reaction CaCO3(s) CaO(s) +CO2 (g), the pressure of CO2 depends on
(A) the mass of CaCO3(s)
(B) the mass of CaO(s)
(C) the masses of both CaCO3(s) and CaO(s)
(D) temperature of the system
10. For the reaction H2(g)+I2 (g) 2HI(g), the equilibrium constant Kp changes with
(A) total pressure (B) catalyst
(C) the amount of H2 and I2 present (D) temperature
[IIT–JEE 1981]
11. An example of reversible reaction is
(A) Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2NaI (aq) PbI2(s) + 2NaNO3 (aq)
(B) AgNO3(aq) + NaCl (aq) AgCl (s) + NaNO3 (aq)
(C) 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) 2NaOH (aq) + H2(g)
(D) KNO3 (aq) + NaCl (aq) KCl (aq) + NaNO3 (aq)
[IIT–JEE 1985]
12. Pure ammonia is placed in a vessel at a temperature where its dissociation constant
() is appreciable. At equilibrium
(A) KP does not change significantly with pressure
(B) does not change with pressure
(C) concentration of NH3 does not change with pressure
(D) concentration of H2 is less than that of N2
[IIT–JEE 1984]
13. When NaNO3 is heated in a closed vessel, O2 is liberated and NaNO2 is left behind.
At equilibrium.
(A) addition of NaNO2 favours reverse reaction
(B) addition of NaNO3 favours forward reaction
(C) increasing temperature favours forward reaction
(D) increasing pressure favours forward reaction [IIT–JEE 1986]
14.For the reaction, 2NO2 (g) 2NO(g) + O2 (g), KC = 1.8 10–6 at 185C. At 185C,
the value of KC for the reaction:
1
NO(g) + O2 (g) NO2 (g) is
2
(A) 0.9 106 (B) 7.5 102
(C) 1.95 10–3 (D) 1.95 103
15. The oxidation of SO2 by O2 to SO3 is an exothermic reaction. The yield of SO3 will
be maximum, if
(A) temperature is increased and pressure is kept constant
(B) temperature is reduced and pressure is increased
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2. (i) Partial pressure of N2O4 = 0.167 atm (ii) Partial pressure of NO2 = 0.333 atm
3. Kp = 5.2 atm
4. Kp = 0.3136 atm2
7. 0.16
10. Kc = 3.178
12. Kc = 1.747
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LEVEL TWO
1. 84.34 atm
2. Kc = 1.413 mol / lit
3. 30 bar
4. 1.04 1014
5. 90%
6.
7. 9.65 gm
9. 50.07
10. 25 L
11. 3.71 10–6
12. H = 75.17 103 J
13. 0.7837
14. 1.3%
15. [NO] = 1.6 mol / lit, [NO2] = 0.4 mol / lit
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13. B 14. C
15. C 16. D
17. A 18. D
19. D 20. C
LEVEL TWO
1. C,D 2. B
3. C 4. B
5. D 6. C
7. A,B,C,D 8. C
9. D 10. D
11. D 12. A
15. B
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