Grounding

SPECIFICATIONS
DRAFT
SECTION 16161
GROUNDING AND BONDING
PART - 1 GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION
A. This Section specifies furnishing, installing, connecting and testing of a complete
grounding and bonding system.
B. Related Work Specified Elsewhere:
1. Section 16050, Basic materials and methods
1.2 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. This installation shall comply in all respects with the General Requirements for
Grounding and Bonding of Electrical Installations as set out in Article 250 of
NEC 70 NFPA and this specification.
B. Reference should be made to IEEE "Recommended Practice for Grounding of
Industrial and Commercial Power Systems" published by I.E.E.E., Inc. for
clarification, intent and guidance in executing the work. Also reference should be
made to SEC specification No. SES-P-108.08 -GROUNDING.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Shop Drawings and Manufacturer's Literature:
B. Submit three copies of certified test report stating that equipment grounding system's
resistance measures a maximum of 5 ohms to ground.
PART - 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 GENERAL
All goods and products covered by these specifications shall be preferably, when
available, from an in-kingdom manufacturer approved by the Owner and conforming
with the requirements of specifications. In case it is an imported products the
manufacturer must have an agent in the kingdom. and shall have all required spare parts
in stock. procurement of all goods and products must be approved by the Owner.
A. A complete grounding system shall be provided as shown on the drawings and as
specified. The system shall satisfy all related codes and requirements.
B. System Ground (Neutral Ground): The neutral terminal of the site distribution
transformer shall be grounded. A set of grounding rods, loop interconnected with each
other, shall be connected with a cable a minimum of 500mm below ground to the
neutral terminal of the transformer. The rods shall be located a minimum of 3 meters
from each other or any other electrode and shall be loop interconnected with each other
by copper conductor brazed, thermit welded or high pressure clamped with a bronze
ground rod clamp designed expressly for the purpose to each rod below grade. The
Ministry of Defense, Royal Saudi Air Force 16161-1

King Faisal Air Academy, Majma’ah
SPECIFICATIONS
DRAFT
system ground resistance shall be 5 ohms.

C. Equipment Control: The equipment ground systems shall be designed so that all
metallic structures, enclosures, raceways, junction boxes, outlet boxes, cabinets,
machine frames, portable equipment and other conductive items in close proximity with
electrical circuits operate continuously at ground potential and provide a low
impedance path for possible ground fault currents. The equipment ground resistance
shall be 5 ohms. If the resistance value of 5 ohms cannot be obtained , more ground
rods shall be provided to achieve 5 ohms or less. The Contractor will submit alternate
methods to achieve the required result for review by the Owner.
D. The system ground and the equipment ground shall be connected to the common
ground bus.
2.2 GROUND RODS

A. Ground rods shall be of bonded copper or copper-clad steel not less than 20 mm in
diameter; 3m (10 ft) long, driven full length into the earth. The copper-clad steel ground
rod shall be manufactured by a fusion-weld process resulting in an electrolytic copper
sheath homogeneously welded to an inner steel core. The thickness of the copper sheath
shall be approximately 10% of the overall rod diameter. Copper electroplated steel is
not acceptable.
2.3 GROUND BUS

A. Ground bus shall be furnished on all switchgear, panels and motor control centers and
shall be interconnected as shown in the grounding and bonding layout drawings.
2.4 CONNECTORS
The Contractor shall determine the number and size of pressure connectors to be
provided on all equipment grounding bars required for the termination of equipment
grounding conductors. In addition to the active circuits, provide pressure connectors for
all three-phase spares and spaces on switchgears.
2.5 JUMPERS
Each electrical expansion fitting shall be provided with an external copper bonding
jumper secured by approved grounding straps on each end of the fitting. Jumpers shall
be tin plated copper braided flexible suitable for the required use.
2.6 GROUNDING ELECTRODE CONDUCTOR

The grounding electrode conductor shall be of copper. The material selected shall be
resistant to any corrosive condition existing at the installation and shall be suitably
protected against corrosion. The conductor shall be solid or stranded and shall be
installed in one continuous Length without a splice or joint.
2.7 TYPE OF EQUIPMENT GROUNDING CONDUCTORS

The equipment grounding conductor run with or enclosing the circuit conductors shall
be one or more or a combination of the following: (1) a copper conductor. This
conductor shall be solid or stranded; insualted with green PVC covered, or bare; and in

SPECIFICATIONS
DRAFT
the form of a wire or a busbar of any shape; (2) rigid metal conduit; (3) intermediate
metal conduit; (4) electrical metallic tubing; (5) flexible metal conduit approved for the
purpose and installed with fittings approved for the purpose; (6) armor of Type AC
cable; (7) the sheath of ineral-insulated metal- sheathed cable; (8) cable trays as
permitted in the code for grounding purposes. Exception No. 1: Flexible metal conduit
and flexible metallic tubing shall be permitted for grounding if all the following
conditions are met:
A. The total length in any ground return path does not exceed 1.8 m
B. The circuit conductors contained therein are protected by over current devices rated at
20 amperes or less.
C. The conduit or tubing is terminated in fittings approved for the purpose. The above is
an extract from NEC 70 NFPA.
2.8 SIZE OF GROUNDING ELECTRODE CONDUCTOR FOR AC SYSTEMS

(AS A GUIDE)
LINE CONDUCTOR SIZE GROUND CONDUCTOR SIZE
sq-mm sq-mm
1.5 1.5
2.5 2.5
4 4
6 6
10 10
16 10
25 10
35 10
50 16
70 25
95 35
120 35
150 35
185 50
240 50
300 70
2.9 MINIMUM SIZE OF BONDING CONDUCTORS FOR. GROUNDING

RACEWAY AND EQUIPMENT (AS A GUIDE)
Rating or Setting of Automatic Size
Overcurrent Device in Circuit Ahead of Copper Wire in mm²
Equipment (Amperes)
15 2.5
20 4
32 6
40 6
63 6
100 10
200 16
500 25

SPECIFICATIONS
DRAFT
630 35
800 50
1,000 70
1,200 95
1,600 120
2,000 150
2,500 185
3,200 240
4,000 300
2.10 GROUND-FAULT PROTECTION OF EQUIPMENT

Ground-fault protection of equipment shall be provided for solidly grounded wye
electrical services of more than 150 volts to ground, but not exceeding 600 volts phase-
to-phase for each service disconnecting means.
2.11 TEST
A. The completed equipment grounding system shall be subjected to a meggered test at
each service disconnect enclosure ground bar to insure that the ground resistance,
without chemical treatment or other artificial means, does not exceed five (5) ohms.
Certified test reports of the ground resistance shall be submitted for review by the
Owner.
PART - 3 EXECUTION
3.1 GENERAL
A. Except as may be described in Part 2 of this Section, refer to the applicable provisions
of Section (16050)& (02590) and the other sections of specifications, Division16.
END OF SECTION


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SPECIFICATIONS

1.2 QUALITY ASSURANCE

Ministry of Defense, Royal Saudi Air Force 16161-1

system ground resistance shall be 5 ohms.

2.2 GROUND RODS

2.3 GROUND BUS

2.6 GROUNDING ELECTRODE CONDUCTOR

2.7 TYPE OF EQUIPMENT GROUNDING CONDUCTORS

Ministry of Defense, Royal Saudi Air Force 16161-2

2.8 SIZE OF GROUNDING ELECTRODE CONDUCTOR FOR AC SYSTEMS

2.9 MINIMUM SIZE OF BONDING CONDUCTORS FOR. GROUNDING

Ministry of Defense, Royal Saudi Air Force 16161-3

2.10 GROUND-FAULT PROTECTION OF EQUIPMENT

Ministry of Defense, Royal Saudi Air Force 16161-4

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