Diked & Spill Protection: Dike Protection Fixed Mount Low Level Foam Makers

Diked & Spill Protection
A diked area is defined as an area bounded by DIKE PROTECTION

contours of land or a physical barrier that retains a FIXED MOUNT LOW LEVEL FOAM MAKERS
fuel to a depth greater than 1". At many
manufacturing or storage facilities, the flammable As the primary protection system for a dike, it shall
liquid storage area can be a number of small tanks be designed in accordance with the following:
within a common diked area. Pipe rack
arrangements and pumps often surround these 1. A foam solution supply pipe should be installed
tanks. In instances like this, the total dike area and on the outside perimeter wall of the dike and at
not the storage tanks could be considered the equally spaced intervals also mounted on the
hazard to be protected by a suitable fixed foam fire outside wall.
protection system. This could be achieved by using:
2. Foam makers are attached to the supply pipe.
• Low-level fixed mount foam makers
• Monitors 3. Both the Chemguard Model CGFM 1.5 and
CGFM 2.5 foam maker should have a minimum
• Foam-water spray nozzles or a foam sprinkler of 12" of straight pipe upstream from the foam
system over the hazard area maker inlet.
• Supplementary support with portable foam
application equipment should also be available 4. The discharge pipe from each foam maker is
designed to allow for an increase in foam
For flammable liquids requiring AR-AFFF type foam expansion and decrease the velocity of the
concentrate, the discharge duration shall be 30 discharging foam, which will then supply a low
minutes with the application rate as recommended velocity mass of foam uniformly over the dike
by Chemguard's engineering department. area.
If the dike to be protected is located outdoors, On the discharge side of the Chemguard Model
additional considerations should be made during CGFM1.5 foam maker, it is recommended that:
the design stage when using either a monitor or
foam/water sprinkler system. Climatic conditions
• A length of 3" diameter pipe be connected to
such as wind or rain, can affect the performance of
the foam maker outlet and used as the
these systems. It may be necessary to increase the
discharge pipe.
application rate to compensate for the adverse
conditions. If within the dike area there is many
obstructions that could impede the performance of • This pipe should have a minimum length of 28"
the overhead or monitor system, supplementary low with a maximum of 100" and shaped to
level foam discharge devices may be required. discharge the foam against the inside wall of
the dike at approximately 12" above the
If an overhead foam-water sprinkler system is used maximum expected level of any flammable
it should be designed per NFPA 16: Installation of liquid spill.
Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray
Systems. The application rate for AFFF on • With the Chemguard Model CGFM 2.5 foam
hydrocarbon fuels is .16 gpm per square feet. On maker the recommended diameter of the
products that are water miscible/polar solvent, the discharge pipe is 4" with the minimum length
application rate may increase. being 28" and the maximum 120".
CHEMGUARD
204 S. 6th Ave • Mansfield, Tx 76063 • (817) 473-9964 • FAX (817) 473-0606
www.chemguard.com
DATA SHEET #D10D03200
REVISION: 09/2005
The maximum spacing between fixed mounted MONITOR PROTECTION
foam makers is 30 feet when the discharge rate
If foam monitors are used as the primary protection
from each foam maker is 60 gpm or less and no
method, they should be located outside the dike
point within the dike area should be more than 30
area. If non air-aspirating type nozzles are used or
feet from any discharge outlet. If the flow rate is
the monitor has a high velocity discharging stream,
above 60 gpm, the maximum distance between
it should be directed against the dike wall, tanks, or
each foam maker around the dike perimeter can be
other structures within the dike to lessen the impact
increased to 60 feet with no point within the dike
of the discharging foam stream on the fuel surface.
being more than 60 feet from any discharge outlet.
Application rate and discharge duration shall be in
Large dike areas are permitted to be subdivided to
accordance with the chart for fixed foam application
keep the total design solution within practical limits.
discharge devices.
Figure 11: Example of Dike Protection System Figure 12: Example of Dike Protection System with
using foam makers foam monitors
The minimum application time and discharge durations for fixed foam application discharge devices on
a diked area involving hydrocarbons are per the following table.
Type of Foam Minimum Application Rate

Minimum Discharge Time (min.)
Discharge Outlet Class I CLASS II
gpm/ft2 [(L/min.)/m 2] Hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon
__________________________________________________________________________________
Fixed low-level
foam discharge outlets 0.10 (4.1) 30 20
Foam monitors 0.16 (6.5) 30 20
__________________________________________________________________________________
CHEMGUARD
www.chemguard.com
REVISION: 09/2005
CHEMGUARD
www.chemguard.com
REVISION: 09/2005
CHEMGUARD
www.chemguard.com
REVISION: 09/2005
CHEMGUARD
www.chemguard.com
REVISION: 09/2005

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Diked & Spill Protection

A diked area is defined as an area bounded by DIKE PROTECTION

Type of Foam Minimum Application Rate

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