‫‪Assembly‬‬ ‫‪Patterns‬‬

‫‪Flanagan‬‬
‫م‪.‬م‪ .‬ﻋﺎدل ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺻﺪّﯾﻖ اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻲ‪ /‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮﯾﺔ واﻷﺑﺤﺎث اﻟﻨﻔﺴﯿﺔ‪ /‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﻐﺪاد‬
‫م‪.‬د‪ .‬ھﺪى ﺟﻤﯿﻞ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻐﻨﻲ ‪/‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮﯾﺔ واﻷﺑﺤﺎث اﻟﻨﻔﺴﯿﺔ‪ /‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﻐﺪاد‬

‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪The Flanagan Aptitude‬‬
‫)‪(FACT‬‬ ‫‪Classification Tests‬‬

‫‪Assembly‬‬ ‫‪Patterns‬‬
Stanine Standard Nine

Stanine

Vocational guidance
Assembly Patterns
 Translation & Adaptation of
(Patterns) & (Assembly) Scales of The Flanagan
Aptitude Classification Tests (FACT)

Mr. Adil A. S. Al-Salihy Dr. Huda Jameel Abdul-Ghani

(Clinical Psychologist) (Clinical Psychologist)

Summary

The Flanagan Aptitude Classification Tests (FACT) assesses

aptitudes that are important for successful performance of particular job-
related tasks. An individual's aptitude can then be matched to the job
tasks. The FACT helps to determine the tasks in which a person has
proficiency. Each test measures a specific skill that is important for
particular occupations. The FACT battery is designed to provide
measures of an individual's aptitude for each of 16 job elements.

The FACT consists of 16 tests used to measure aptitudes that are

important for the successful performance of many occupational tasks.
The tests provide a broad basis for predicting success in various
occupational fields. All are paper and pencil tests that can be given to an
individual or to a large group by a single examiner.

Each of the 16 tests in the FACT series is printed in a separate

booklet. This allows the tests to be administered individually or as a
complete battery. One of these tests is (Patterns Scale & Assembly Scale),
which consists of different shapes that needs an answer.

The Flanagan Aptitude Classification Tests have been used in a

wide variety of organizations. These include industrial and business
firms, educational institutions, hospitals, nursing schools and various
governmental institutions. The FACT may be used for selection,
placement, reclassification and vocational counseling. There are a
recommended tests for 37 occupational areas, as well as general college
aptitude, all of these tests are listed in the original manual of the (FACT
Battery)

Selection and Placement: The FACT may be used individually or as a

partial or complete battery to aid in selection and placement. If used in
selection, the battery can be a valuable aid in determining if the applicant
has the capacity to learn the job requirements. If used in placement, the
battery can identify individuals who have more ability and aptitude that
fit the requirements of one job better than another. A person who has a
high aptitude for engineering, for example, should be able to learn the
skills of engineering quickly and enjoy above-average success as an
engineer. An individual with a low aptitude for engineering will probably
have difficulty in learning engineering skills. Different occupations
require different test combinations to assess the specific job-related skills
necessary to perform adequately in each position.

Vocational Counseling: The FACT can be administered to individuals or

to a large group. Selected individual tests of the battery may be
administered if desired. Selected tests from the FACT battery may be
used with an individual who has tentatively decided upon a vocation. The
occupational Stanine score, discussed in this study, provides an index of
probable success in the vocation. A high score indicates high abilities in
that area. Conversely, a low score indicates low abilities in that area.
FACT scores can help both the individual and the counselor in providing
realistic vocational planning.

Vocational Classes: The FACT may also be used in school courses for
vocational planning. After the students have completed the FACT, each
student should compute his or her occupational Stanine scores. These
scores can then be the focus of discussion centering both on explanation
and interpretation. The FACT scores provide students with an increased
self-understanding of their vocational aptitudes. A student can then make
wiser vocational decisions by matching his/her abilities with the
requirements of a job. Overall, the FACT scores provide highly valuable
information for individual vocational planning and broad school
programs for vocational guidance.

From the above introduction, the importance of this study arises,

and the study aimed to translate and make an adaptation of (Patterns
Scale & Assembly Scale) to be a valid and reliable instruments for the
Iraqi population.

After getting through the procedures of this study, the above-

mentioned Scales has been translated and adapted for the Iraqi
environment according to the international standards for translations and
adaptations of psychological assessments, and resulting an Arabic valid
and reliable version suitable for the Iraqi environment. The research
outcomes also with some recommendations & suggestions.
General Mental Ability
 Aptitude
Attitude Interests (Abilities)

Macklem, 1989, pp. 1-2

Harrington

Harrington,
1995, p.5
 (Hodges)

Hodges, 1996, pp.1–5

Primary Mental Ability Battery

Differential Aptitude General Aptitude Battery
(Flanagan Aptitude Battery
Classification FACT)

Flanagan

Flanagan, 1965, p.10

Flanagan Aptitude
FACT Classifications Tests

Job–analysis
 Flanagan , 1946 , 445

(Clemans, 1997; pp.1375-1376)

(Job
elements)

Flanagan
(Myers, FIT Industrial Tests
1964, pp.73-88)

(Flanagan, 1954, p.323)

Botton, 1963, p.280

(Murbhy, 1965, p.491)

 (Austin, 1992; pp. 51-58)

(Weitz, 1974; pp. 393-396)

Standardization

(Harris, 1970, p.124)

(Butcher, et al.,
1996, p.8)

Assembly Patterns 
 Assembly Patterns

Standardization

Anastasi

(Anastasi, 1988, p.211)

Hills
 The Scale

Anastasia

Anastasia , 1997 , p.4

(Patterns)

Flanagan

. (Flanagan , 1996)
Stanine

Assembly

Flanagan

(Flanagan,
1996, p. 4)

Stanine

Battery

Peter & Darr

 (Peter & Darr, 2007)

Flanagan

John C. Flanagan

Mental Abilities
Measurement
Aviation Psychology
Potential capacities
(Clemans, 1997, p.1375)

Aptitudes
(Wikipedia, 2005)
 Literature Review

(John Reeves, 2002)

(Austin ,1992)

(John Reeves, 2002)

 (Lewes, 2000)
Patterns
Assembly

Aviation
Psychology
Personnel selection
Approach job
"Critical behavior" elements

Personnel
(Flanagan, 1966, p.1) selection program

(Flanagan, 1996, Vocational Counseling

 p.5)

Flanagan, 1996, p.3

Inspection
Imperfection

Coding
Memory
Coding Test
Precision

Assembly

Scales

Coordination
Judgment & Comprehension
 Arithmetic

Pattern

Components

Tables

Mechanics

Expression

Reasoning

Ingenuity

Flanagan, 1996, p.4

Vocational Reclassification
counseling
 (Flanagan, 1964)

Patterns

Patterns

Lewes, 2000)

(John Reeves, 2002

(The University of Kent

Careers Advisory Service, 2008)

{1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, …}

(Macmillan, 2006

(Macmillan, 2006)

Flanagan,1954)
(Flanagan,1996)

Assembly

(Flanagan, 1996, p.3)

(Flanagan, 1996, p.3)

(Flanagan, 1996)

(Flanagan, 1996, p.45)

 (www.rehaboutlet.com.)
(Flanagan, 1966, p.1)
(Flanagan, 1996, p.45)
 Flanagan, 1959, p.36

Split–
half

(Flanagan, 1978, p.197)

 Stanine

FIT
 :

FACT-Assembly FACT-Pattern Scale

Flanagan Aptitude Scale
Classifications Tests

Item Booklet with Correction Keys 

 ‫‪Flanagan, 1996‬‬
‫‪Flanagan,1960‬‬

‫‪Flanagan, 1996‬‬

‫‪Parts‬‬

‫ﻟﻠﻤﺰﯾ ﺪ ﻣ ﻦ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻ ﯿﻞ‪ ،‬وﻟﻺﻃ ﻼع ﻋﻠ ﻰ ھ ﺬا اﻟﻤﻘﯿ ﺎس وﻋﻠ ﻰ ﻏﯿ ﺮه ﻣ ﻦ ﻣﻘ ﺎﯾﯿﺲ ﻓﻼﻧﺠ ﺎن ﻟﺘ ﺼﻨﯿﻒ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫اﻻﺳﺘﻌﺪادات‪ ،‬ﯾﺮﺟﻰ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺎن‪.‬‬
 Stanine Standard Nine

Standard Nine
Stanines

.
 ‫)‪(Butcher et al.,1996, p.4‬‬

‫‪Back-translation‬‬

‫‪.‬‬

‫د‪ .‬أﺳﺮاء ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺿﺎ‪ ،‬و م‪.‬م‪ .‬ﻋﺪﻧﺎن ﯾﺤﯿ ﻰ ﺟ ﺴّﺎم‪ /‬ﻣﺮﻛ ﺰ اﻟﺪراﺳ ﺎت اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮﯾ ﺔ واﻷﺑﺤ ﺎث اﻟﻨﻔ ﺴﯿﺔ – ﺟﺎﻣﻌ ﺔ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺑﻐﺪاد‪.‬‬
Social Desirability

.
 (Flanagan, 1996)

Time

Mean 19.86
Standard Error 0.797961689
Median 18.5
Mode 16
Standard Deviation 5.642441214
Sample Variance 31.83714286
Kurtosis 1.540141809
Skewness 1.244740997
Range 26
Minimum 13
Maximum 39
Sum 993
Count 50
Confidence Level
(95.0%) 1.603563078
 (Flanagan, 1996)

Time

Mean 15.64
Standard Error 0.594368126
Median 16
Mode 16
Standard Deviation 4.202817325
Sample Variance 17.66367347
Kurtosis 0.94855143
Skewness -0.01343185
Range 24
Minimum 4
Maximum 28
Sum 782
Count 50
Confidence
Level(95.0%) 1.194426744
 Validity

(Stanley & Hopkins, 1972, p.101)

(Weiten, et al., 1991, p.57) (Oppenheim, 1973, p.69-70)
:

Empirical Validity

Content Validity
(Allen & Yen, 1979, Rational Analysis
(Allen & Yen, p.95)
: (Nunnally, 1978, p.111) 1979, p.95)

Logical Validity

(Allen & Yen, 1979, p.96)

.

Face Validity
 (Allen & Yen, 1979, p.96) (Ebel, 1972, p.555)

Construct Validity
(Stanley &
(Cronbach, 1964, pp.120-121) Hopkins, 1972, p.111)
(Anastasi, 1976, p.151)

Immediate Criterion Measures

(Lindquist, 1951, p.286)

(Anastasi, 1976, p.154)

(Lindquist, 1951, p.286) (Anastasi, 1976, p.154)

(Marshall, 1972, Reliability

(Kerlinger, 1973, p.425) p.104)
(Holt & Irving, 1971, p.60)
(Weiten, et al.,
Test-Retest Method 1991, p.57)

(Adams, 1964, p.58)

(Microsoft-Excel)
: SPSS
(Greene,
1980, p.20)

Pearson Product-Moment Correlation

Coefficient
 .

Tape Recorder
Braille
 References

ISBN 9-33-10-977

ISBN 0-
07-15504-6
ISBN 977-05-1035-1

www. Google. com

.
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