Risk Management
Risk Management
Risk Management
3. In a bank’s portfolio, losses stem from outright default due to inability or unwillingness of a customer or
counterparty to meet commitments in relation to lending, trading, settlement and other financial transactions. This
statement relates to
a. Operational Risk
b. Market Risk
c. Credit Risk
d. Liquidity Risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4. The risk that the value of on or off balance sheet positions will be adversely affected by movements in equity and
interest rate markets, currency exchange rates and commodity prices. This relates to
a. Operational Risk
b. Market Risk
c. Credit Risk
d. Liquidity Risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Risk arises when the banks are unable to generate cash to cope with a decline in deposits or increase assets
a. Operational Risk
b. Market Risk
c. Credit Risk
d. Liquidity Risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
9. One of the following does not come under Tier 1 capital as per Basel 2 guidelines.
a. Paid up equity capital.
b. Statutory reserves and other disclosed free reserves.
c. Capital reserves representing surplus arising out of sale proceeds of assets.
d. Revaluation Reserve
____________________________________________________________________________________________
10. In Credit risk management, one of the following forms may not result in Credit risk:
a. in the case of direct lending: principal/and or interest amount may not be repaid;
b. in the case of guarantees or letters of credit: funds may not be forthcoming from the constituents upon
crystallization of the liability;
c. in the case of securities trading businesses: funds/ securities settlement may not be effected;
d. in the case of direct investments in the secondary market, the market price may fluctuate
____________________________________________________________________________________________
21. Which risk was introduced by the Basel committee by way of an amendment in the year 1995?
a. Residual Risk
b. System Risk
c. Market Risk
d. Operational Risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
33. What are the components of Total Risk Weighted Assets of a Bank?
a. Credit Risk
b. Market Risk
c. Operational Risk
d. All the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
34. What are the components of Tier – I capital as per Basel – 3 Committee?
a. Common Equity
b. Common Equity (CET1) and Additional Tier – 1 Capital (AT1)
c. Additional Tier – 1 Capital
d. Paid up capital
____________________________________________________________________________________________
47. Whether Credit Risk Management Policy covers the overseas branches ?
a. Yes applicable to all branches equally
b. Not applicable to branches
c. Applicable to all branches equally, but the extent of applicability / adoption depends upon its business profile
d. Applies for all banks in India
____________________________________________________________________________________________
50. Who is the monitoring authority of SMA accounts of Rs.10.00 lakhs and above?
a. Branch Manager
b. Zonal Manager
c. General Manager
d. CO: Credit Monitoring Dept
____________________________________________________________________________________________
51. Who is the monitoring authority of Standard individual accounts of Rs.5.00 cores and above?
a. Credit Department
b. Zonal Manager
c. CO: Standard Assets Monitoring Committee
d. CO: Recovery Department
____________________________________________________________________________________________
52. What is the name the committee in our bank for routing the high value proposals (for proposals coming under
the powers of Head Office) for effective credit approval process ?
a. Credit Steering Committee
b. New Business Group
c. General Manager Corporate Credit
d. Executive Director
____________________________________________________________________________________________
53. In terms of RBI guidelines, bank should not open LCs and purchase / discount / negotiate bills bearing
the____________ clause.
a. “without recourse”
b. "With recourse"
c. No such stipulation
d. With high recourse
____________________________________________________________________________________________
55. What measures bank has taken to mitigate the geographical concentration of credit portfolio?
a. No such limits
b. Bank decided not to give any loans in the areas where there is less than 100 branches
c. Fixed exposure ceiling on geographical areas classifying them North, South, East and West
d. Bank imposed restrictions on credit exposure in Metro and Urban centres
____________________________________________________________________________________________
59. Which of the following Risk is common both in Basel 1 and Basel 2?
a. Credit Risk
b. Market Risk
c. Operational Risk
d. Risk management
____________________________________________________________________________________________
60. What is the minimum amount of CAR required under Basel – III ?
a. 8%
b. 9%
c. 11.50%
d. 14%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
55. C 56. B 57. A
58. B 59. A 60. B
Question Bank : Risk Management
62. In Basel -3 framework, the credit risk is measured and assessed in terms of
a. Sanctioned Limit
b. Outstanding Balance
c. Risk Weighted Assets
d. Recovery
____________________________________________________________________________________________
63. Under the Capital structure of Basel - 3, Where does the Revaluation reserve forms part of?
a. Tier – I capital
b. Tier – II Capital
c. It doesn’t form part of Capital
d. It is part of Equity Capital
____________________________________________________________________________________________
65. Indicate the nature of risk that the bank encounters in Extending a packing credit loan to an exporter
a. Credit Risk
b. Market Risk
c. Operational Risk
d. Systemic Risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
66. Indicate the nature of risks that the bank encounters in Purchasing an export bill to Greece for an exporter
a. Market Risk
b. Operational Risk
c. Credit risk and country risk
d. Systemic Risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
61. D 62. C 63. B
64. C 65. A 66. C
Question Bank : Risk Management
67. Indicate the nature of risk that the bank encounters in sending a remittance instruction to a foreign bank
a. Credit Risk
b. Operational risk
c. Market Risk
d. Reputation Risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
68. Prem Exports Pvt. Ltd is a major exporter client of the branch, having an export turnover of over USD 150 Mn.
The company is not of the practice of hedging its foreign currency exposures. What type of risk the company is
running which may impact on the ba
a. Exchange Risk
b. Hedging Risk
c. Option Risk
d. Systemic Risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
69. Mr. Suresh, a non-resident holds several FCNR deposits totalling USD 1 Mn. Jointly with his wife, also a non-
resident. The deposit receipts were lodged in the safe custody of the branch. At a later date, the branch en cashed
deposits totalling USD 500000
a. Exchange Risk
b. Treasury Risk
c. Operational risk
d. Deposit Risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
70. ANAD branch contacted its assigned AD branch and sought the exchange rate for the purchase of foreign
currency draft for USD 100000-. The AD branch obtained the rate from the dealing room, and reported the purchase
on the same day . However, no purchase t
a. Market risk and operational risk
b. Credit Risk
c. Systemic Risk
d. Liquidity Risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
71. In another case, ANAD branch purchased a foreign currency cheque in the normal course, and sent the same to
the AD branch. When realization did not take place, it was discovered that the cheque was not dispatched by the AD
branch at all. What is the type
a. Credit Risk
b. Market Risk
c. Operational risk
d. Liquidity Risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
73. What is the minimum CET 1 to be maintained by Banks in India as on the day of full implementation of Basel III
in India?
a. 8%
b. 9%
c. 5.5%
d. 4.5%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
74. Where does the Perpetual non cumulative preference shares find place in the capital structure of Basel - 3?
a. AT 1
b. CET 1
c. T 2
d. Not Capital
____________________________________________________________________________________________
76. What is the Credit Conversion factor (CCF) for Financial guarantee?
a. 75%
b. 125%
c. 100%
d. 200%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
78. Capital assessed based upon risk profile of the bank that seeks to measure economic realities of the risks is
called?
a. Regulatory capital
b. Risk capital
c. Paid up capital
d. Strategic capital
____________________________________________________________________________________________
73. C 74. A 75. B
76. C 77. D 78. B
Question Bank : Risk Management
79. Basel Committee (BCBS) possess formal super national supervisory authority and its conclusions have legal
force:
a. TRUE
b. FALSE
c. Through World Bank
d. Through the central bank of the country
____________________________________________________________________________________________
83. For the first time, in which year Basel Committee came up with Capital Accords for banks?
a. 1985
b. 1988
c. 1990
d. 1992
____________________________________________________________________________________________
84. Which of the following are included in the definition of Operation Risk at large?
a. Business risk, Strategic risk and reputational risk
b. credit risk, market risk and liquidity risk
c. People, Processes and systems
d. all the options
____________________________________________________________________________________________
79. B 80. D 81. B
82. D 83. B 84. C
Question Bank : Risk Management
85. How much capital, as a percentage of risk weighted assets, should a bank carry to meet the Basel II
requirements?
a. 8%
b. 7%
c. 10%
d. 12%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
88. Credit rating/credit scoring for all exposures of a bank will necessarily have to be ensured
a. Only in the case of Standardized approach
b. Only in the case of advanced approaches
c. For both the approaches
d. For all the exposures of the Bank
____________________________________________________________________________________________
90. What are all the options available to compute Capital for credit risk under Basel II?
a. Standardized approach, risk management measurement approach
b. Standardized approach, internal rating based approach, advance measurement approach
c. Standardized approach, foundation internal rating based approach, advance internal rating based approach.
d. Standardized approach, foundation internal rating based approach, advance measurement approach
____________________________________________________________________________________________
85. A 86. D 87. A
88. D 89. C 90. C
Question Bank : Risk Management
91. What is the cut off date to continue certain specific prescription of Basel II capital adequacy framework continue
to apply along with Basel III?
a. 31.03.2019
b. 31.03.2018
c. 31.03.2017
d. 31.03.2016
____________________________________________________________________________________________
92. What are all the proposals introduced in June 1999 by Basle Committee reforming its 1988 Capital Accord?
a. Settlement risk management
b. Capital requirements
c. Supervisory review
d. All the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
94. Which of the following risks that the banks are generally exposed to and are not captured or not fully captured in
regulatory CRAR?
a. settlement risk, liquidity risk
b. reputational risk, strategic risk
c. risk of under-estimation of credit risk under
d. all the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
95. What are all the duties of Risk Management Committee for credit?
a. Implementation of Risk Management Policy for Credit/strategy approved by the Board
b. Monitoring Credit Risk on a Bank wide basis and ensuring compliance with limits approved by the Board
c. Regulatory/Legal compliance
d. 1 & 2
____________________________________________________________________________________________
96. What are the approaches for Credit risk according to Basel II ?
a. Standardised approach
b. Internal Rating based approach - Foundation
c. Internal Rating based approach - Advanced
d. all the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
91. C 92. D 93. C
94. D 95. D 96. D
Question Bank : Risk Management
98. what is the maximum ceiling amount of loan to an individual entity for considering a loan as part of retail
portfolio, for the purpose of CRAR under Basel 2?
a. Rs. 10 cr
b. Rs.5 cr
c. Rs.2 cr
d. Rs.1 cr
____________________________________________________________________________________________
99. Which part of the Basel structure, the disclosures relating to various aspects of banking falls under?
a. Pillar 1 requirement of Basel 2
b. Pillar 2 requirement of Basel 2
c. Pillar 3 requirement of Basel 2
d. all the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
100. Under what component of risk, Measurement of the amount of the facility that is likely to be drawn if a default
occurs represents?
a. Loss Given Default
b. Exposure at Default
c. Probability of Default
d. Maturity
____________________________________________________________________________________________
101. What risk weightage Loans fully secured by mortgage on occupied residential property attracts?
a. '0%
b. '20%
c. '50%
d. '100%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
103. Why the Basel Committee has laid down certain norms for capital structure of banks?
a. to strengthen banks as regards their capital base
b. to bring about more equity holing by the public
c. to reduce Govt. holding in banking
d. to promote uniform capital requirements so that banks from different countries may compete with one
another on a level playing field
____________________________________________________________________________________________
106. Under what category of exposure the Exposures to Government of a country or its Central Bank falls?
a. Multilateral development Banks ( MDBs)
b. Corporate Exposure
c. Sovereign exposures
d. All the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
108. What for different Pools for homogenous exposures are created?
a. Retail exposures composed of small loans
b. Personal loans, auto loans, mortgage loans , credit card loans
c. Crop loans, tractor loans which are small retail banks
d. For estimating the risk component PD, LGD and EAD of the identified pools
____________________________________________________________________________________________
103. D 104. A 105. A
106. C 107. D 108. D
Question Bank : Risk Management
112. Basel III capital regulations were released by Basel Committee on Banking supervision (BCBS) during
__________ as a Global regulatory Framework for more resilient banks and banking systems
a. Dec-10
b. Mar-11
c. Dec-11
d. Dec-12
____________________________________________________________________________________________
113. What are all the options available to compute capital Under Basel III?
a. Standardized approach, risk management measurement approach, advance measurement approach
b. basic indicator approach, standardized approach, advance measurement approach
c. Standardized approach, basic indicator approach , risk measurement approach
d. basic indicator approach, advance measurement approach and internal risk based approach
____________________________________________________________________________________________
114. At what level a bank in India has to comply with capital adequacy ratio requirements?
a. Consolidated ( group) level after consolidating the assets and liabilities of its subsidiaries / joint ventures
b. Solo level
c. Overseas operations of the bank under 1 and 2
d. All the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
109. C 110. C 111. A
112. D 113. B 114. D
Question Bank : Risk Management
115. In India, the banks are required to maintain a minimum pillar I capital to risk weighted assets ratio ( or minimum
total capital to risk weighted assets ratio) of __________ as on ____________
a. 8%, 31st Mar each year
b. 9%, 31st Mar each year
c. 8%, on-going basis
d. 9%, on-going basis
____________________________________________________________________________________________
116. What are the ratios banks in India are required to follow in computation of capital for Basel III accord?
a. Common equity tier I capital ratio
b. Additional Tier I capital ratio
c. Tier 2 capital ratio
d. All the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
117. Which of the following risks, banks have to take into account to calculate capital adequacy ratio?
a. credit risk and operational risk
b. credit risk and market risk only
c. market risk and operational risk only
d. credit risk, market risk and Operational risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
118. Which of the following statement regarding the Total regulatory capital under Basel III is correct?
a. total regulatory capital is sum of Tier I capital and Tier II capital
b. Tier I capital is called 'going-concern' capital and Tier 2 capital
c. Tier I capital comprises common equity Tier I and additional Tier I
d. All the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
119. What is the minimum Tier-1 capital banks in India have to maintain as per Basel III?
a. 5.5%
b. 7%
c. 9%
d. 11%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
120. What is the risk weightage for capital charge for credit risk on the basis of standardized approach for home
loan up to Rs. 20 lac where loan to value ( LTV) ratio is 90%?
a. 20%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. 100%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
115. D 116. D 117. D
118. D 119. B 120. B
Question Bank : Risk Management
121. What is the risk weightage for capital charge for credit risk on the basis of standardized approach for
commercial real estate - residential building?
a. 20%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. 100%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
122. What is the risk weightage for capital charge for credit risk on the basis of standardized approach for exposure
to commercial real estate?
a. 20%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. 100%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
123. Which of the following exposures the risk weightage for capital charge for credit risk on the basis of
standardized approach does not match?
a. venture capital - 150%
b. consumer credit or personal - 125%
c. credit card - 125%
d. capital market exposure - 100%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
124. What is the risk weightage for capital charge for credit risk on the basis of standardized approach for staff
loans secured by superannuation benefits?
a. 20%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. 100%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
126. Where do the risk of losses arising from movements in market prices in on-balance sheet and off-balance
sheet positions are placed as per the Basel - 3 accord?
a. credit risk
b. market risk
c. pricing risk
d. liquidity risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
121. C 122. D 123. D
124. A 125. B 126. B
Question Bank : Risk Management
127. What is the capital charge for specific risk under market risk in accordance with the risk warranted by external
rating of the counter-party under Basel III?
a. 9%
b. 9.75%
c. 10.5%
d. 11.25%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
128. What is the capital charge for general market risk under the market risk on gross equity position, under Basel
III?
a. 9%
b. 9.75%
c. 10.5%
d. 11.25%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
129. What is the risk weightage under Basel III for open foreign currency and open gold position?
a. 50%
b. 75%
c. 100%
d. 125%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
130. What is the capital charge for open foreign exchange positions and open gold positions, under Basel III, for
market risk?
a. 6%
b. 7%
c. 8%
d. 9%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
131. What is the type of risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems or
from external events is called?
a. credit risk
b. operational risk
c. market risk
d. reputation risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
132. Which of the following is part of operational risk as per Basel III?
a. legal risk
b. reputational risk
c. strategic risk
d. all the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
127. D 128. A 129. C
130. D 131. B 132. A
Question Bank : Risk Management
133. How many years of fixed percentage (denoted as alpha) of positive annual gross income , banks must hold as
capital for operational risk under Basel III?
a. 2 years
b. 3 years
c. 5 years
d. at bank discretion
____________________________________________________________________________________________
134. How much amount of capital banks must hold for operational risk (denoted as alpha) of positive annual gross
income under Basel III by using the Basic Indicator Approach ?
a. 8%
b. 9%
c. 12%
d. 15%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
135. Under Pillar-2 of Basel III, the banks are required to have a Board approved ICAAP and assess capital
accordingly. What does ICAAP stands for?
a. Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Procedure
b. Internal Capital Adequacy Approved Process
c. Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process
d. Internal Capital Assessment Approved Process
____________________________________________________________________________________________
139. Which of the following are taken into account under the Foundation IRB Approach (FIRB) for calculation Credit
risk?
a. Risk weights are based on internal estimates of default probabilities
b. Rating & Default Probabilities to be decided by the Bank
c. There are a few other parameters given by the Regulator - RBI
d. All the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
141. In order to improve the quality of capital, under Basel III, Tier I capital would predominantly consist of:
a. Common equity, Tier I capital and Tier 2 capital
b. Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 capital
c. Tier I capital
d. common equity
____________________________________________________________________________________________
142. What is the threshold limit to classify a firm as large borrower Under Basel III?
a. those which have total assets greater than or equal to 1000 billion USD
b. those which have total assets greater than or equal to 100 billion USD
c. those which have total assets greater than or equal to 50 billion USD
d. those which have total assets greater than or equal to 1 billion USD
____________________________________________________________________________________________
143. What is the minimum ratio of capital conservation buffer prescribed under Basel 3 in the form of common
equity?
a. 3%
b. 2.5%
c. 2%
d. 1%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
144. At what discounted rate the revaluation reserves are taken into capital under Basel III?
a. 20%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. without any discount
____________________________________________________________________________________________
139. D 140. D 141. D
142. B 143. B 144. B
Question Bank : Risk Management
146. What is the range of counter cyclical capital buffer created under Basel 3?
a. 0 to 2.5% common equity
b. 0 to 2.5% of risk weighted assets
c. 0 to 1% of common equity
d. 0 to 1% of risk weighted assets
____________________________________________________________________________________________
147. Which of the following supplements the risk based capital requirement by a non-risk based, under Basel III?
a. common equity
b. capital conservation reserve
c. counter cyclical capital buffer
d. leverage ratio
____________________________________________________________________________________________
148. Which of the following loans do not carry Risk weightage of 125% as per our Credit Risk Management Policy?
a. consumer credit
b. commercial real estate
c. personal loans
d. capital market exposure
____________________________________________________________________________________________
149. What is the minimum capital requirement for banks who wants to enter into insurance sector for underwriting
with-risk business?
a. 8%
b. 9%
c. 10%
d. 12%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
150. What you call a part of credit exposure of a bank that will not be recovered in the event of default on a
specified obligation?
a. loss given default
b. credit loss risk
c. counterparty default
d. credit exposure risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
145. D 146. A 147. D
148. B 149. C 150. A
Question Bank : Risk Management
152. If a bank's risk weighted assets equal Rs. 100,000,000, what is this bank’s common equity requirement plus
the capital conservation buffer , according to Basel III?
a. 4500000
b. 6000000
c. 7000000
d. 7500000
____________________________________________________________________________________________
154. Capital Adequacy Ratio is a thermometer of Bank’s health. It is the ratio of a bank’s __
a. Capital to its risk
b. risk to capital
c. Capital to assets
d. Capital to liabilities
____________________________________________________________________________________________
155. Which of the following types of risks are used in calculation of Capital to Risk (Weighted) Assets Ratio
(CRAR)?
a. Credit Risk
b. Market Risk
c. Operational Risk
d. All the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
157. What is the tool majority of banks are using for computation of market risk?
a. secondary market credit risk
b. Interest rate risk
c. Value-at-risk
d. capital adequacy
____________________________________________________________________________________________
158. Which of the following risks are not identified in capital adequacy?
a. Market risk
b. Interest-rate risk
c. FX risk
d. Operational risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
166. Duration is defined as____ to receive all cash flows from financial instrument
a. Time of maturity
b. Average time of maturity
c. Weighted average time of maturity
d. Remaining maturity
____________________________________________________________________________________________
170. Who has to carryout the ICAAP under Supervisory review process for Capital adequacy assessment?
a. The Central Bank of a country
b. The Bank itself which is required to ensure its own capital adequacy
c. The auditors
d. by the Lead Bank
____________________________________________________________________________________________
179. What is the possible action if portfolio exposure to any single industry is not performing well?
a. May take steps to improve the quality standards for sanction process , risk evaluation and post sanction loan
follow up
b. The entry level criteria may be enhanced to insulate the portfolio from further deteriorate
c. Undertake rapid portfolio reviews
d. All the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
182. What are all the steps required to adopt the "Advanced approaches "under Basel II?
a. Gap Analysis and Implementation architecture
b. Internal credit rating systems
c. Data management infrastructure and Data analytics
d. All the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
187. Which of the following information can be obtained from the credit information report (CIR)?
a. Income/Revenue details
b. Details of borrowers' assets
c. Value of asset(s) mortgaged
d. None of the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
188. Who is the for approving and reviewing authority of appropriate operational risk management framework for
the bank?
a. Board of Directors
b. Risk Management committee of the board
c. Operational risk management committee
d. Reserve Bank of India
____________________________________________________________________________________________
191. Which of the following is the basis for benchmark risk governance rating?
a. Policies
b. Methodologies
c. Infrastructure
d. All the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
194. What type of interest rate risk premature payment of a term loan will result in?
a. Basis risk
b. Yield curve risk
c. Embedded option risk
d. Mismatch risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
195. Under which bucket the core portion of Cash credit advances are shown?
a. 1-3 year time bucket
b. over 3 year time bucket
c. over 5 years time bucket
d. None of the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
204. Bond with 'BBB' rating will carry lower interest rate than one with 'AA' rating
a. False
b. True
c. Difficult to say
d. None
____________________________________________________________________________________________
199. D 200. B 201. D
202. B 203. B 204. A
Question Bank : Risk Management
206. Capital charge for credit risk requires input for PD, LGD, EAD and M. Under advances IRB approach, who
provide the input for LGD
a. Bank
b. Supervisor
c. Function provided by BCBS
d. None of the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
211. Asset Liability management is only management of maturity mismatch and has no bearing on profit
augmentation
a. True
b. False
c. Difficult to say
d. None
____________________________________________________________________________________________
214. Which one out of the following is objectives of the Loan Review mechanism?
a. Provide the top management with information on credit sanction process, risk evaluation and post-sanction
loan follow-up
b. To make classification under IRAC norms
c. Loan documentation
d. Fixing up accountability for lapses
____________________________________________________________________________________________
217. IN the standardized approach, into how many business lines bank's activities are divided into?
a. 4
b. 6
c. 8
d. 10
____________________________________________________________________________________________
218. What are all included in the Commercial Credit information report?
a. Borrower information
b. Account details
c. none of the above
d. both a & b
____________________________________________________________________________________________
219. What is the periodicity for review of CRM Policy in our Bank?
a. 6 months
b. 9 months
c. 12 months
d. 15 months
____________________________________________________________________________________________
220. What is the threshold limit of conducing Legal audit to be conducted for accounts, where mortgage of property
is involved has been put in place?
a. 10 lakhs
b. 50 lakhs
c. 100 lakhs
d. 500 lakhs
____________________________________________________________________________________________
221. What is the periodicity of conducting legal audit in case of all credit exposure of Rs.5.00 Crores and above?
a. 1 year
b. 3 years
c. 2 years
d. 5 years
____________________________________________________________________________________________
222. What is the threshold limit for obtaining two independent values of properties, accepted as security, in case of
non structured loan products?
a. 5 crores
b. 3 crores
c. 10 crores
d. 1 crore
____________________________________________________________________________________________
217. C 218. D 219. C
220. C 221. B 222. A
Question Bank : Risk Management
223. What is the threshold limit for obtaining two independent values of properties, accepted as security in case of
all structured loan products including Home loans?
a. 5 crores
b. 3 crores
c. 10 crores
d. 1 crore
____________________________________________________________________________________________
224. What is the threshold limit for conducting Pre - Release Audi for all advances (fresh or enhancement)
including structured loan products other than Home Loans and Plot loans?
a. Rs. 50 lakhs
b. Rs. 25 lakhs
c. Rs. 1 crore
d. Rs. 10 lakhs
____________________________________________________________________________________________
225. What is the Sub Ceiling fixed to Renewable Energy under Power Sector out of overall exposure of Power
sector?
a. 5%
b. 10%
c. 15%
d. 20%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
226. Audited financial statements need not be insisted by the branches in case of finance to non-corporate
borrowers (both existing and new) for sanction/renewal/enhance-ment of aggregate credit limit upto Rs.-----lakhs
(fund based/non-fund base
a. 1 lakh
b. 5 lakhs
c. 10 lakhs
d. 20 lakhs
____________________________________________________________________________________________
230. What is the method employed for assessment of working capital requirements for Educational Institutions,
Hospitals, Hotels and Real Estate Developers?
a. Turnover Method
b. Cash Budget System
c. MPBF 2nd method of lending
d. None of the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
231. What is the entry level obligor rating (internal) in case of project rating, except for Public Sector Undertakings
(PSU) for all fresh sanctions?
a. P1
b. P3
c. P4
d. P2
____________________________________________________________________________________________
232. What is the entry level obligor rating (internal) in case of fresh sanctions?
a. AAA
b. AA
c. BB
d. BBB
____________________________________________________________________________________________
233. Which of the following categories of loans could be priced without reference to the MCLR Rate?
a. DRI advances
b. loans to our own employees
c. loans to banks‘ depositors against their own deposits
d. All the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
234. What is the threshold limit for revaluing Home loan accounts and home loans under SMA / NPA accounts once
in three years?
a. 10 lakhs
b. 50 lakhs
c. 100 lakhs
d. 500 lakhs
____________________________________________________________________________________________
229. B 230. B 231. D
232. D 233. D 234. C
Question Bank : Risk Management
235. In case of valuation of agricultural lands, if the valuation is more than Rs. -------- , valuer should be a body
corporate and should have a Pan India presence or in case of firm being valuers, all partners should be members of
Institution of valuers.
a. Rs. 1 crore
b. Rs. 5 crores
c. Rs. 10 crores
d. Rs. 100 crores
____________________________________________________________________________________________
237. What is the LTV Ratio (%) Commercial Real Estate - Residential Housing (CRE-RH) ?
a. 20%
b. 25%
c. 90%
d. Not applicable
____________________________________________________________________________________________
238. What is the risk weightage for other loans and advances to bank‘s own staff?
a. 25%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. 100%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
239. When a bank is required to deduct a securitization exposure from regulatory capital, the deduction must be
made___% from Tier 1 and___% from Tier 2?
a. 75%, 25%
b. 25%, 75%
c. 50%, 50%
d. 25%, 25%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
240. Who refinance term Loans sanctioned to Indian Promoters for acquisition of equity in overseas joint ventures /
wholly owned subsidiaries under the refinance scheme?
a. Export Bank
b. Import Bank
c. Exim Bank
d. RBI
____________________________________________________________________________________________
235. C 236. B 237. D
238. C 239. C 240. C
Question Bank : Risk Management
241. What is the maximum period banks can issue performance guarantees?
a. 1 year
b. 3 years
c. 5 years
d. 10 years
____________________________________________________________________________________________
242. What is the threshold limit in case of agricultural exposures for rating under RAM?
a. 10 lakhs
b. 50 lakhs
c. 100 lakhs
d. 500 lakhs
____________________________________________________________________________________________
243. Software driven rating (Risk Assessment Model – RAM) for different segments are in place since
a. 01/01/2008
b. 01/04/2008
c. 01/01/2009
d. 01/04/2009
____________________________________________________________________________________________
244. How many Rating scale are there in RAM rating excluding “D” for NPA borrowers?
a. 5
b. 9
c. 3
d. 10
____________________________________________________________________________________________
245. What rating assigned for customers whose exposure (both fund based and non fund based – domestic) which
are fully secured by 100% cash margin at any point of time?
a. A
b. A+
c. AA
d. AAA
____________________________________________________________________________________________
246. What is the validity period for Rating based on Provisional Company Financial Data?
a. 3 months from the date of filing of IT return
b. 6 months from the date of filing of IT return
c. 3 months from the due date of filing of IT return
d. 6 months from the due date of filing of IT return
____________________________________________________________________________________________
241. D 242. C 243. B
244. B 245. D 246. C
Question Bank : Risk Management
247. In risk management process, various business units, organizational functions or process flows are mapped by
risk type. The exercise can reveal areas of weakness and help prioritize subsequent management action
a. Risk measurement
b. Risk mapping
c. Risk appetite
d. Risk assessment
____________________________________________________________________________________________
251. Risk monitoring involves watching the risk indicators defined for the project and not determining the
effectiveness of the risk mitigation steps themselves
a. True
b. False
c. Difficult to say
d. None
____________________________________________________________________________________________
253. Which risk weights among the following does not match under the Under Standard Approach?
a. Venture capital funds & commercial real estate - 150%
b. credit card - 125%
c. personal loans - 125%
d. loan against shares - 100%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
254. Find from followings "find number of a/c s that have suffered rating migration" during 2014-15 Last Rating-A;
No. of a/c - 100; Present Rating: A++ is 1, A+ is 1, A is 79, B+ is 10, B is 4, C is 3 and Default is 2
a. 2
b. 19
c. 21
d. 25
____________________________________________________________________________________________
256. A branch sanctions Rs.1 crore loan to a borrower, which of the following risks the branch is taking
a. Credit risk & Interest rate risk
b. Liquidity risk & Operational risk
c. Credit risk
d. None of the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
263. Which of the following technique will ensure that impact of risk will be less?
a. Risk avoidance technique
b. Risk Mitigation technique
c. Risk contingency technique
d. All of the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
268. The type of risk in which payments are interrupted by the intervention of foreign governments is considered as
a. channel risk
b. globalization risk
c. state risk
d. country risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
269. The risk arises from trading of assets because of change in asset prices and exchange rates is classified as
a. asset risk
b. trade risk
c. market risk
d. exchange risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
270. The risk faced by financial institutions in which advancement of technology does not produce savings in cost is
classified as
a. savings risk
b. advance risk
c. cost risk
d. technology risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
265. A 266. D 267. A
268. D 269. C 270. D
Question Bank : Risk Management
271. Banks are required to make a no. of disclosures relating to various aspects of banking. Where do these are
shown in the balance sheet?
a. as part of respective asset or liability
b. as part of respective income or expenditure
c. as notes on accounts
d. all or any of the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
272. When failure of the financial system affects other systems such as insurance market or forex market, such risk
is:
a. liquidity risk
b. settlement risk
c. systemic risk
d. systematic risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
273. The temporary loans that are allowed by RBI to Govt. from time to time to meet the mismatch position are
called
a. treasury bills
b. dated securities
c. ways and means advances
d. ad hoc treasury bills
____________________________________________________________________________________________
274. Which of the following: The receivables of various loans and obligations are put together and distributed
amongst investors through marketable securities?
a. leasing
b. factoring
c. securitisation
d. forfeiting
____________________________________________________________________________________________
275. A consumer fails to make a payment due on a mortgage loan. This is known as __:
a. Credit Risk
b. Systemic Risk
c. Refinancing Risk
d. Market Risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
277. Which among the following is the criteria for initiating prompt corrective action by RBI?
a. Market Risk
b. Credit Risk
c. Liquidity Risk
d. Low Capital adequacy
____________________________________________________________________________________________
279. Which direction prices of fixed interest bonds move when interest rates go up?
a. Go up
b. Go down
c. Remain unchanged
d. None
____________________________________________________________________________________________
281. Falling interest rates cause NAVs of debt mutual fund to go down
a. False
b. True
c. Difficult to say
d. I do not know
____________________________________________________________________________________________
282. Investment in shares and mutual fund (open ended) should be shown in
a. Over 5 year bucket
b. Over 1 year bucket
c. Over 2 year bucket
d. None of the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
277. D 278. B 279. B
280. D 281. A 282. A
Question Bank : Risk Management
284. VaR is
a. potential worst case loss at a specific confidence level over a certain period of time
b. potential worst case loss over indefinite period of time
c. none of the above
d. potential for gain over a selected period
____________________________________________________________________________________________
285. A bank holds a security that is rated A+. The rating of the security migrates to A, what is the risk that the bank
has faced?
a. Market risk
b. Operational risk
c. Market liquidation risk
d. Credit risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
287. Which of the following are included in the market risk positions for capital charge requirement under Basel III?
a. risk pertaining to interest rate related instruments in the trading book
b. risk pertaining to equities in the trading book
c. forex risk including open positions in precious metal
d. all the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
288. Which of the following are part of the trading book of a bank subject to market risk as per Basel III capital
adequacy purpose?
a. securities under HFT and AFS
b. open gold positions and forex positions
c. trading positions in derivatives
d. securities under HTM
____________________________________________________________________________________________
283. B 284. A 285. D
286. A 287. D 288. D
Question Bank : Risk Management
289. If a security has matured and remains unpaid, it attract capital for --------- risk on completion of 90 days
delinquency period
a. credit risk
b. market risk
c. operational risk
d. at discretion of the bank
____________________________________________________________________________________________
290. What form the minimum capital requirement is expressed in terms of two separately calculated charges for
market risk?
a. specific risk and general market risk
b. special risk and general risk
c. liquidity risk and liquidation risk
d. counterparty credit risk and trading partner's risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
291. What are all the factors that are taken into account to aggregate capital charge for market risk?
a. Interest rate
b. Equity investment
c. Forex and gold open positions
d. All the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
294. Base currency - The currency in which a VaR measure quantifies ----risk
a. Operational risk
b. Credit risk
c. Market risk
d. Concentration risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
289. A 290. A 291. D
292. D 293. B 294. C
Question Bank : Risk Management
295. The risk that the interest rate of different assets and liabilities may change in different magnitude is called?
a. Embedded risk
b. Maturity risk
c. Basis risk
d. Price risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
296. A bank expects fall in price of a security if it sells it in the market. What is the risk that the bank is facing ?
a. Market risk
b. Operational risk
c. Asset Liquidation risk
d. Market Liquidation risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
302. Where do the risk that loss may arise on account of trading in SLR and other securities by a bank is classified?
a. credit risk
b. investment fluctuation risk
c. trading risk
d. market risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
303. What is the extent of coverage under Loan Review Mechanism for Standard Accounts?
a. Standard accounts with sanctioned limit of Rs.25 lakhs and above shall be the cut off limit.
b. Standard accounts with sanctioned limit of Rs.28 lakhs and above shall be the cut off limit.
c. Standard accounts with sanctioned limit of Rs.35 lakhs and above shall be the cut off limit.
d. Standard accounts with sanctioned limit of Rs.50 lakhs and above shall be the cut off limit.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
304. Whether Administrative approval is required for credit exposure to Hospitals for considering further exposure of
erstwhile CRE?
a. Yes
b. No
c. Not Applicable
d. On case to case basis
____________________________________________________________________________________________
305. As per CRM Policy, Property accepted as security is to be valued by two independent valuers for property
value of Rs.-----crores and above in case of non structured loan products and SME SLP
a. 1 crore
b. 2 crores
c. 5 crores
d. 10 crores
____________________________________________________________________________________________
306. For other Structured Loan Products, two independent valuations are required for advances exceeds Rs.------
crore.
a. 1 crore
b. 2 crores
c. 5 crores
d. 10 crores
____________________________________________________________________________________________
301. C 302. D 303. D
304. B 305. C 306. A
Question Bank : Risk Management
307. For NBFC minimum investment grade is External rating ------------ grade of CRISIL or equivalent thereof by
other credit rating agencies.
a. "A" grade rating
b. "AA" grade rating
c. "A+" grade rating
d. "AA+" grade rating
____________________________________________________________________________________________
308. As per RMC directions the direct exposure ceiling for Residential Real Estate(RRE) (both FB + NFB) is
a. 50% of the Bank‘s net worth, as on March 31 of the previous year.
b. 75% of the Bank‘s net worth, as on March 31 of the previous year.
c. 100% of the Bank‘s net worth, as on March 31 of the previous year.
d. 175% of the Bank‘s net worth, as on March 31 of the previous year.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
309. What is the cut-off limit over and above which 'Risk based pricing is applicable, basing on combined rating of
RAM?
a. 10 lakhs
b. 25 lakhs
c. 50 lakhs
d. 1 crore
____________________________________________________________________________________________
310. What is the exposure limit for Proprietorship/Limited Liability Partnership under new CRM Policy?
a. 1 crore
b. 10 crores
c. 25 crores
d. 50 crores
____________________________________________________________________________________________
311. What is the exposure limit for Partnership Firm under new CRM Policy?
a. 1 crore
b. 10 crores
c. 25 crores
d. 50 crores
____________________________________________________________________________________________
312. Risk Assessment Model (RAM) developed by CRISIL for Singapore and Colombo branches is in place already
and branches have to rate all the accounts (incorporated in Singapore and Sri Lanka) having an exposure equivalent
to INR ------ lakhs and above.
a. 25 lakhs
b. 50 lakhs
c. 100 lakhs
d. 150 lakhs
____________________________________________________________________________________________
307. A 308. D 309. C
310. C 311. D 312. B
Question Bank : Risk Management
313. As per new CRM Policy what is the standard financial benchmark for Trade and Service accounts?
a. TOL/TNW: 2.0:1
b. TOL/TNW: 3.0:1
c. TOL/TNW: 6.0:1
d. TOL/TNW: 10.0:1
____________________________________________________________________________________________
314. ----------- risk is defined as the possibility of losses associated with default by or diminution in the credit quality
of Borrowers or Counterparties
a. Interest
b. Counter Party
c. Credit
d. Operational
____________________________________________________________________________________________
315. What is the time horizon the default of borrower to calculate Probability of Default (PD)?
a. 6 months
b. 1 year
c. 3 years
d. 5 years
____________________________________________________________________________________________
316. The CRMD is required to remain independent of the credit origination and administration activities and includes
the following functions under Basel II
a. Portfolio monitoring and analytics
b. Credit Appraisal Vetting
c. IT Support
d. All the above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
317. By adopting Capital Risk Appetite what is the Capital adequacy requirement for the Bank?
a. As an internal target, achieve a minimum 12% CRAR, with a Tier 1 Capital of 10%
b. As an internal target, achieve a minimum 10% CRAR, with a Tier 1 Capital of 8%
c. As an internal target, achieve a minimum 9% CRAR, with a Tier 1 Capital of 8%
d. As an internal target, achieve a minimum 8% CRAR, with a Tier 1 Capital of 6%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
318. What is the ratio of quality credit exposure to be maintains as per CRM Policy?
a. Maintaining net NPA levels at 0%
b. Maintaining net NPA levels below 2.50%
c. Maintaining net NPA levels at 5%
d. Maintaining net NPA levels below 10.0%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
313. C 314. C 315. B
316. D 317. A 318. B
Question Bank : Risk Management
320. Which method is applicable for the assessment of Working Capital Limit upto Rs.5 Crores (other than trade
segment) in our Bank?
a. MPBF 2nd Method of lending
b. Cash Budget System
c. Turnover Method
d. Higher of 'a' or'c'
____________________________________________________________________________________________
321. Which method is applicable for the assessment of Working Capital Limit more than Rs.5 Crores (other than
trade segment) in our Bank?
a. MPBF 2nd Method of lending
b. Cash Budget System
c. Turnover Method
d. As defined for the particular scheme / product
____________________________________________________________________________________________
322. Which method is applicable for the assessment of Working Capital Limit for Educational Institutions, Hospitals,
Hotels, Real Estate Developers, Infrastructure Projects, Seasonal industries, construction contractors, Software and
others ?
a. MPBF 2nd Method of lending
b. Cash Budget System
c. Turnover Method
d. As defined for the particular scheme / product
____________________________________________________________________________________________
323. Which committee has been constituted to undertake review of borrowal accounts sanctioned by various
Committees at CO and Zonal Credit Committees?
a. ZLRMC
b. LRMC
c. SAMC
d. ZSAMC
____________________________________________________________________________________________
325. Individual accounts with limits of Rs.------- Crores and above are monitored by Standard Assets Monitoring
Committee at CO
a. 1 crore
b. 2 crores
c. 5 crores
d. 10 crores
____________________________________________________________________________________________
326. All proposals falling under COLCC (ED), CAC & MC are to be placed to ---------------
a. LRMC
b. Credit Steering Committee (CSC)
c. SAMC
d. ZSAMC
____________________________________________________________________________________________
328. All SLPs under Personal Banking Segment and wherever scoring model is prescribed, the entry barrier shall
be -------------
a. BBB
b. BB
c. AA
d. A
____________________________________________________________________________________________
329. Corporate SME means – Exposures between ------- crore and ---------- crore broadly associated with SME
characteristics
a. 1 crore and 5 crores
b. 5 crores and 10 crores
c. 5 crores and 25 crores
d. 10 crores and 25 crores
____________________________________________________________________________________________
330. Small business is one where the total average annual turnover is less than Rs.---------------- crore
a. 1 crore
b. 5 crores
c. 25 crores
d. 50 crores
____________________________________________________________________________________________
325. C 326. B 327. D
328. A 329. C 330. D
Question Bank : Risk Management
331. Different exposure limits (like Single / Group Borrower, Substantial Exposure, Sensitive Sector, Industry-wise
et,) have been fixed to mitigate------------- risk
a. Credit Risk
b. Operational Risk
c. Concentration Risk
d. Market Risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
332. The Banks should waive margin and security for agricultural loans up to Rs.----------- limit
a. Rs. 25,000
b. Rs. 50,000
c. Rs. 100,000
d. Rs. 500,000
____________________________________________________________________________________________
333. The Banks should waive margin and security for Agri clinic and Agri Business Centre up to Rs.----------------
lakhs limit
a. Rs. 100,000
b. Rs. 500,000
c. Rs. 1,000,000
d. Rs. 2,500,000
____________________________________________________________________________________________
334. To what extent loan amount can be disbursed for advances upto Rs. 25 Lakhs based on the guideline value
for the advances where agricultural property is taken as security?
a. 25%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. 100%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
335. At what interval home loan accounts under SMA / NPA irrespective of balance outstanding have to be
revalued?
a. Once in a 1 year
b. Once in 2 years
c. Once in 3 years
d. Once in 5 years
____________________________________________________________________________________________
336. In case of difference in valuation of assets done by two independent valuers, the average of the two valuations
may be taken as notional valuation of the property if difference in valuation is ------------ or less
a. 5%
b. 10%
c. 15%
d. 20%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
331. C 332. C 333. B
334. C 335. C 336. C
Question Bank : Risk Management
337. Where a dispute / fraud is to exist in any of the accounts, the collateral in respect of such accounts shall be
made in the CBS environment
a. Zero
b. 25
c. 50
d. 100%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
338. In case of valuation of agricultural lands, if the valuation is more than Rs.---------- crores, valuer should be a
body corporate and should have a Pan India presence or in case of firm being valuer, all partners should be
members of Institution of valuer
a. 5 crores
b. 10 crores
c. 25 crores
d. 50 crores
____________________________________________________________________________________________
339. What is the threshold limit of Pre - Release Audit for advances excluding home loan and plot loan?
a. 5 lakhs
b. 10 lakhs
c. 25 lakhs
d. 50 lakhs
____________________________________________________________________________________________
340. What is the threshold limit for pre release audit for Home Loans and Plot loans?
a. 5 lakhs
b. 10 lakhs
c. 25 lakhs
d. 50 lakhs
____________________________________________________________________________________________
341. Wherever concurrent auditor certifies compliance of terms and conditions in the pre release stage, separate
pre –release audit need to be conducted or not ?
a. Need to be conducted
b. Need not to be conducted
c. Not applicable
d. Case to case basis
____________________________________________________________________________________________
342. What is the quantum of amount for Legal Audit, wherever mortgage of property is involved?
a. 25 lakhs
b. 50 lakhs
c. 100 lakhs
d. 500 lakhs
____________________________________________________________________________________________
337. A 338. B 339. D
340. D 341. B 342. C
Question Bank : Risk Management
343. What is the exposure ceiling to Stock brokers and market makers (both fund based & non fund based i.e.
guarantees)?
a. 2% of the net worth of the Bank as on the previous year end
b. 5% of the net worth of the Bank as on the previous year end
c. 10% of the net worth of the Bank as on the previous year end
d. 12% of the net worth of the Bank as on the previous year end
____________________________________________________________________________________________
344. What is the exposure ceiling to any single stock broking entity including its associates/ inter-connected
companies and single broker?
a. Rs 10 Crore per borrower
b. Rs.25 Crore per borrower
c. Rs 50 Crore per borrower
d. Rs.100 Crore per borrower
____________________________________________________________________________________________
345. What is the risk to mitigate for Exposure levels on Real Estate Sector are proposed?
a. Credit Risk
b. Operational Risk
c. Concentration Risk
d. Market Risk
____________________________________________________________________________________________
346. What is the minimum margin requirement for landed property / building for non-priority sector except MSME ?
a. 20%
b. 30%
c. 40%
d. 50%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
347. What is the minimum margin requirement for priority sector (other than agri and allied activities) and MSME
(Priority & Non-Priority) ?
a. 20%
b. 30%
c. 40%
d. 50%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
348. Under Direct Exposure for Commercial Real Estate, what is the Exposure Ceiling stipulated (FB + NFB) ?
a. 25% of the Bank‘s net worth, as on March 31 of the previous year
b. 50% of the Bank‘s net worth, as on March 31 of the previous year
c. 100% of the Bank‘s net worth, as on March 31 of the previous year
d. 150% of the Bank‘s net worth, as on March 31 of the previous year
____________________________________________________________________________________________
343. D 344. C 345. C
346. D 347. C 348. B
Question Bank :
349. How much percentage is fixed for Global exposure to NBFC sector of Total Exposure to Various Industries as
on previous quarter?
a. 10%
b. 12%
c. 15%
d. 20%
____________________________________________________________________________________________
350. For all Review/Renewal proposals, what is the exposure level for the loans sanctioned under the powers of
Branch manager under ZLRMC at respective Zonal Offices?
a. 25 lakhs
b. 50 lakhs
c. 75 lakhs
d. 100 lakhs
____________________________________________________________________________________________
351. For the accounts to be covered under Credit Audit, what is the limit for Standard borrowal a/cs with rating of
BBB?
a. Rs. 25 lakhs and above
b. Rs. 50 lakhs and above
c. Rs.1 Crore and above
d. Rs. 5 crores and above
____________________________________________________________________________________________
a.
b.
c.
d.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
a.
b.
c.
d.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
a.
b.
c.
d.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
349. D 350. B 351. D