INTERACTIVE REVIEWER IN ENGLISH II

Take the time to answer the reviewer. Your studies

depend on it.

I. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
1. The predicate agrees with the number and person of the subject.
My Example Your Example
The general is old.
(Singular noun
subjects use singular
verbs)
The ants are
marching toward the
meal.
(Plural noun subjects
use plural verbs)

2. The third person singular (He/She/It) uses verbs ending in –s.

My Example Your Example
The general washes his
clothes.
(The subject is a third
person singular)
You are hungry.
(The subject is second
person singular)
I am washing my face.
(The subject is first
person singular)

3. Mass nouns, or any noncount nouns, are

considered singular subjects.
My Example Your Example
 The food is great.
(The subject is a
mass noun)
The advice is
valuable.
(The subject is a
noncount noun)

4. In most cases, collective nouns used as

subjects take singular verbs; but if the nouns
refer to individual members; the nouns use a
plural verb.
My Example Your Example
The army is going to
war.
(The subject refers
to the whole)
The army are on
standby.
(The subject refers
to the members)

5. Adjectives that describe people and are used

as nouns use plural verbs.
My Example Your Example
The poor are in need
of help.
The wealthy are also
in need of help.

6. Some nouns that end in –s (such as names of

diseases, places, subjects, and the word
news) use singular verbs.
My Example Your Example
 Mathematics is quite
difficult.
Rabies is a treatable
sickness.
(The subject refers
to the members)

7. Plural subject nouns of distance, time, and

money take a singular verb if the nouns
stand for one unit.
My Example Your Example
Twenty-five minutes
is too short a time.
One million pesos is
up for grabs.

8. The four basic mathematical operations take

singular verbs.
My Example Your Example
One plus five is six.
(Addition)
Five minus one is
four.
(Subtraction)
Five times one is
five.
(Multiplication)
Five divided by five
is one.
(Division)
9. Some items have two parts (like eyeglasses);
if you use the word pair, the verb to be used
is singular, but if the word pair is not
included, the verb used is plural.
 My Example Your Example
A pair of eyeglasses
is lost.
My eyeglasses are
lost.

10. Clauses used as subjects use singular

verbs.
My Example Your Example
What we need now
is love.
What we need is
more time.

11. Gerund subjects (verb + -ing) and

infinitive subjects (to + verb) take a singular
verb.
My Example Your Example
Reading magazines
is my hobby.
(Gerund subject)
To err is human.
(Infinitive subject)

12. With fractions, percentages, and the

quantifiers all (of), a lot of, and lots of, verb
agreement depends on the noun coming after
these phrases:

a. A singular noun takes a singular verb

My Example Your Example
One-fourth cup of
flour is enough.
 Sixty percent of the
body is badly burnt.
All of the
information is from
the Internet.

b.A plural noun takes a plural verb

My Example Your Example
Forty percent of the
respondents are
teenagers.
Three-fifths of the
demonstrators are
female.
A lot of computers
are for sale.

c. A collective noun can take either a

singular or plural verb depending on
the meaning
My Example Your Example
All my family
resides in Angeles.
(the subject refers to
a single unit)
All my family live
peacefully.
(the subject refers to
members of a group)

13. With each, every, and every one as

subjects, a singular verb is used.
My Example Your Example
Each student has an
 ID Card.
Every koala bear is
endangered.
Every one in the
room is guilty of
murder.

14. With a number of as the subject, a

plural verb is used.
My Example Your Example
A number of the
respondents are
teenagers.
A number of the
demonstrators are
female.
A number of
computers are for
sale.

15. With the number of as the subject, a

singular verb is used.
My Example Your Example
The number of
respondents is 1500.
The number of
demonstrators is
5,200.
The number of
computers is 45.

16. With none as the subject, a singular

verb is used.
My Example Your Example
 None is to blame.
None is Chinese.

17. Few, several, and many take singular

verbs when used as pronouns.
My Example Your Example
Few compare to
you.
Several is missing.

18. With either or neither as the subject, a

singular verb is used.
My Example Your Example
Neither is a good
option.
Either is a good
choice.

19. With either…or or neither…nor as

subjects, the verb agrees with the nearest
noun.
My Example Your Example
Either Juan or the
streetdancers are
teenagers.
Neither the ballroom
dancers nor Joanne
is single.

20. With subjects that start with the word

there, the verb is singular or plural
depending on the noun after the verb.
My Example Your Example
There are mines
 strewn across the
seas.
There is one bullet
left.

21. The nouns majority and minority use a

singular verb if it refers to size or number;
but if majority or minority is used within a
group or set, a plural verb is used.
My Example Your Example
The majority is
overruled.
(The subject refers
to the size)
The majority are in
disagreement. (The
subject refers to
individuals within
the set)

22. In a compound subject, wherein one is

negative, and the other is positive, the
predicate agrees with the positive member.
My Example Your Example
Juan, not the
dancers, is a
teenager.
(Singular positive
subject)
The dancers, not
Juan, are beautiful.
(Plural positive
subject)
 23. Two nouns that are generally thought of
together use a singular verb.
My Example Your Example
Cookies and cream
is a delicious ice
cream flavor.
Batman and Robin is
on the hunt for the
Joker.

24. If the two nouns of the subject refer to a

single entity, a singular verb is used.
My Example Your Example
Either Juan or the
streetdancers are
teenagers.
Neither the ballroom
dancers nor Joanne
is single.

25. All takes a plural verb when it refers to

concrete nouns, but if all refers to abstract
nouns, a singular verb should be used.
My Example Your Example
All are teenagers.
All is well.

II. NOUNS
1. A noun is the part of speech that refers to the
names of people, places, things, concepts,
emotions, ideas.
2. There are four genders for nouns:
Gender My Example Your Example
Masculine (for actor
males)
Feminine (for actress
females)
Common (for teacher
unspecified
persons or
things)
Neuter (for machine
objects)

3. There are several types of nouns:

Types My Example Your Example
Proper Nouns Ryan
(for proper
names)
Common Nouns physician
(for common
names)
Concrete Nouns stone
(for Real and
solid objects)
Abstract Nouns peace
(for concepts)
Count Nouns fingers
(nouns that can
be counted)

Mass water
nouns/noncount
nouns (Nouns
that cannot be
counted
Collective nouns flock
(nouns that refer
to a group)

4. Nouns have a plural form, usually by adding

–s/-es.
My Example Your Example
leg = legs
candy = candies

5. Nouns have a possessive case:

a. For singular nouns not ending in s, add
the apostrophe s.
My Example Your Example
Gunsmith =
Gunsmith’s
Warrior =
Warrior’s.
b.For singular nouns ending in s, add the
apostrophe.
My Example Your Example
Princess =
Princess’
Dennis = Dennis’
c. For plural nouns ending in s, add the
apostrophe.
My Example Your Example
Princes = Princes’
Princesses
=Princesses’

d.For plural nouns not ending in s, add

the apostrophe s.
My Example Your Example
 Flock = flock’s.
Army = Army’s.

e. For compound nouns, the apostrophe

or apostrophe s is placed at the last
word of the compound.
My Example Your Example
Mother-in-law =
mother-in-law’s
Officer-in-charge =
Officer-in-charge’s

f. To show joint ownership, the

apostrophe or apostrophe s is placed
at the last name.
My Example Your Example
Judy and Jenny’s
BMW
Ricky and Charlie’s
basketball team

g. In cases of separate ownership the

apostrophe or apostrophe s is used in
every name
My Example Your Example
Martin and Robin =
Martin’s and Robin’s cars
Paul and John = Paul’s
and John’s parachutes

6. Suffixes can change other word classes into

nouns
Word Suffix Resulting Noun
act or actor
 ism
ance
ation

III. PRONOUNS
1. Pronouns take the place of nouns, but share
the same gender and number.
Person Singular Plural
First (The I
Person
Speaking)
Second (The
Person Spoken
to)
Third (The
Person Talked
About)

2. There are various types of pronouns:

persona reflexive possess interrogativ demonstrativ relative indefi
l ive e e nite
he himself his who this which any

3. The noun that the pronoun refers to is called

as the antecedent. The pronoun should agree
with its antecedent in gender and number.

My Example Your Example

Jimmy said he does
not know. (the
pronoun he refers to
 Jimmy)
The chickens laid
their eggs. (the
pronoun their refers
to chickens)

IV. ESSAY
Answer the following questions:
(Remember…less than fifty words is equivalent
to zero)
1. What is your happy mirror? (The Happy
Mirror)
2. Which should you value more: youth or
experience? (The Story of the Aged Mother)
3. How should you take care for the elderly?
(The Story of the Aged Mother)
4. What lessons can you learn from
Ramayana? (Ramayana)

Submission of reviewers is on October 26.