ZTE LTE FDD Admission Control Feature Guide PDF
ZTE LTE FDD Admission Control Feature Guide PDF
ZTE LTE FDD Admission Control Feature Guide PDF
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Feature Attribute .................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Related Feature List and License Control ............................................................ 2
1.3 Correlation with Other Features ........................................................................... 2
2 Function Description......................................................................................... 2
2
ZTE Confidential Proprietary © 2016 ZTE CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
ZTE LTE FDD Admission Control Feature Guide
7 Abbreviations .................................................................................................. 74
FIGURES
4
ZTE Confidential Proprietary © 2016 ZTE CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
ZTE LTE FDD Admission Control Feature Guide
TABLES
Table 6-3 Admission Control Strategy Based on User Number Test Specification .............60
Table 6-4 Admission Control Strategy Based on Active E-RAB Number Test Specification
.............................................................................................................................................63
Table 6-5 Admission Control Strategy Based on PRB Test Specification ...........................65
Table 6-6 Admission Control Strategy Based on Handover Resource Reservation Test ....69
Table 6-7 Redirection for Admission Failure ......................................................................72
6
ZTE Confidential Proprietary © 2016 ZTE CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
ZTE LTE FDD Admission Control Feature Guide
1 Introduction
This document provides the introduction, technical descriptions, parameter configuration,
counters, alarms, and validation procedure of the LTE FDD admission control feature.
The parameters, alarms and counters in this document are the same as those of the
latest software version when this document is released. To obtain the MO, parameters,
alarms, and KPIs of the existing software version, please refer to the product manuals of
the existing software version.
This document is applicable to LTE FDD mode. "LTE" and "eNodeB" mentioned in this
document respectively refer to "LTE FDD" and "LTE FDD–based eNodeB".
EMS: V12.15. 30
OMMB: V12.15.30
Note:
Involved NEs:
UE eNodeB MME S-GW BSC/RNC SGSN P-GW HSS
√ √ √ - - - - -
Note:
*-: Not involved
*√: involved
1 ZLF31-08-001 Yes
2 Function Description
Admission control is mainly to determine whether to admit new service requests in
accordance with the requested resource requirements and current usage of cell
resources.
When receiving service setup requests, the admission control module will perform
admission control in accordance with service’s QoS information and usage of cell
resources, for example, CPU usage of the CC board, and PRB usage of cell.
If the feature is enabled, the existing services will not be affected after new services
access the system. Therefore, the system stability can be maintained and users' QoS
can be guaranteed. Additionally, the feature enables the system to admit services as
many as possible if resources permit, which facilitates usage of system resources,
improves the system capacity and lowers operators' OPEX.
3 Technical Description
The admission control module operates in an event triggering manner. When a user
initiates an RRC establishment request, bearer establishment/modification request, or
handover request, admission control decision is triggered, so that the required QoS is
provided for independent connections and the system capacity can be maximized.
If admission fails due to the number of users or CPU resources, the eNodeB rejects user
access. For admission failures due to PRB resources or downlink power, the preemption
function of the congestion control is triggered. For details, refer to the ZTE LTE FDD
Congestion Control Feature Guide.
Admission control can be divided into user admission control and service admission
control.
1. When a user requests to access the network, that is, the user requests to establish
an RRC connection or be handed over to the network, the eNodeB performs the
user admission control procedure.
2. When the eNodeB needs to establish or modify services for users connected to the
network, that is, to establish or modify an E-RAB for the UE, or process a handover
request, the eNodeB performs the service admission control procedure.
Note:
When a user requests to be handed over to the eNodeB, the eNodeB allocates the
resources required for the RRC connection and service bearer to the user, so the
eNodeB performs the user admission control procedure and service admission control
procedure successively.
Start
No
Yes
Probability Reject ?
Yes
No
Yes
CPU resource limited?
No
Yes
RRC resource limited?
No
E-RAB admission
control
End
1. The eNodeB decides whether to admit the user by using the emergency call
admission switch. If the switch is ―off‖, the eNodeB performs the normal admission
procedure for the emergency call user. If the switch is ―on‖, the eNodeB only checks
whether the maximum number of users is limited for the emergency call user. For
details, refer to 3.1.3.
3. If the CPU resource is limited, the system rejects users from accessing the network.
For details, refer to 3.1.2.
4. If the number of users connected to the network has reached the threshold, the
eNodeB rejects new users from accessing the network. For details, refer to 3.1.3
When the service traffic is large and many UEs are to be admitted, if the number of UEs
is not limited at the admission stage, the system load will rise sharply in a short time.
Therefore, the probable rejection based admission strategy is used to reject some UEs
so that the system load will not rise rapidly and the system stability and availability can be
improved.
Note:
Probable rejection admission adopts the formula of PRB usage used for load balancing,
where the PRB usage of a cell is calculated based on the PRB of each cell and cell
throughput.
Start
No Probability reject
switch open?
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
End
If probable rejection is enabled, the eNodeB decides whether to admit the user based on
the uplink and downlink loads of the cell. If both the uplink and downlink PRB usage is
lower than the corresponding thresholds, the eNodeB admits the user. If the uplink PRB
usage is higher than AC.proRejThrdUl, or the downlink PRB usage is higher than
AC.proRejThrdUl, the eNodeB generates a random digit (rand) for the UE. The eNodeB
admits the user only if rand is smaller than AC.factorProRej.
The eNodeB real-time monitors the CPU utilization of the CC board to learn about the
system load. If the CPU utilization is high, the eNodeB rejects user access to guarantee
system stability.
Start
Yes
No
End
If CPU admission is enabled, the eNodeB decides whether to admit the user based on
the current CPU utilization. If the CPU utilization is lower than the specified threshold, the
eNodeB admits the user access. If the CPU utilization is higher than the threshold, the
eNodeB rejects the user.
The system supports the application of different admission policies based on access
types. The following figure shows the admission control procedure.
Start
Emergency call ?
Yes
No
Handover in ? Yes
Accessed user num < RRC specification Accessed user num < RRC license
No
No
No Yes
Yes
Yes
End
1. The system reserves resources for handover users. The following formula is applied:
Maximum number of users requesting RRC connection establishment =
License-controlled threshold × (1 - AC.reservedHO), where AC.reservedHO means
the resources reserved for handover users.
2. The maximum number of users that can be handed over to the network depends on
the license-controlled threshold.
3. The maximum number of emergency call users depends on the system capacity,
and is not restricted by AC.ueNumThrd or the license threshold, ensuring that
emergency call users can access the network with higher priority.
Start
Services admission
request
Yes
CSFB user ?
No
Emergency service?
No
Yes
CPU resource limit?
Yes
No
Yes
No Service number limit?
No
No
Admission
failed Congestion control
Candidate service
queue empty?
Yes
Default bearer
Yes Blind redirection
admission reject?
No
End
2. CSFB user service admission: The eNodeB can determine the CSFB service by
checking whether the S1 E-RAB establishment or modification message contains
the CSFB indicator. If high-priority admission for CSFB users
(AC.swtchOfCsfbHPAdmit) is disabled, the eNodeB performs the normal admission
procedure. If this function is enabled, the maximum number of CSFB services is
restricted only by the system capacity. For details, refer to 3.2.2
4. CPU resources insufficiency: If the CPU resources are insufficient, the eNodeB
rejects services.
6. PRB resource insufficiency: The eNodeB monitors the uplink or downlink PRB
usage of each cell in real time. If the uplink or downlink PRB usage is too high, the
eNodeB rejects services. For details, refer to 3.2.3.
8. When the eNodeB detects that the default bearer failed to admit the user, the
eNodeB redirects the user to a cell of another carrier frequency through blind
redirection. For details, refer to 3.2.4.
Note:
6–10 (silver)
11–15 (bronze)
If the number of existing services reaches the threshold, the eNodeB rejects other
services. The following types of services have different admission control thresholds:
1. The admission control threshold for the CSFB user service and emergency call
service depend on the system capacity.
2. The admission control threshold for non-emergency call services depends on the
license-controlled threshold.
The license-controlled threshold means the smaller of the AC.rabThrd value and the
license threshold.
The eNodeB real-time monitors the PRB resources of each cell. If radio resource–based
admission control is disabled, the system does not decide service admission based on
resource sufficiency. If PRB-based admission control is enabled, the eNodeB determines
whether PRB resources are sufficient in the downlink and uplink directions in order for
the services. If the PRB resources are insufficient in any direction, the eNodeB rejects
the service.
Start
No
GBR radio resource admission
switch open?
Yes
Yes
Yes
DL PRB resources limit?
No
No
Yes
Yes
UL PRB resource limit?
No
End
Start
No
NGBR radio resource admission
switch open?
Yes
Yes
Yes
DL PRB resources limit?
No
否
No
Yes
Yes
UL PRB resource limit ?
No
End
If admission fails, the system sends an RRC release command to release the user.
Based on admission failure redirection switch, eNodeB performs the following release
policies:
4 Engineering Guide
Parameter
Parameter Range Default
SN panel Parameter explanation Unit
name value value
name
The parameter
indicates whether
open CPU usage
rate based
GlobleSwitch admission control
CPU usage
Information.s or not. close: The 0:close
1 access control N/A o:close
wichForCpuA CPU usage rate 1:open
switch
C based admission
is closed; open:
The CPU usage
rate based
admission is open
Table 4-4 RRC Connection user number Admission Parameters Configuration Rule
The parameter is
the threshold of
RRC Connection
user number. It
can be configured
Threshold of according to the BS8912:0-60
BS8912:192
AC.ueNumT RRC numbers of client 0,
1 N/A BPL0 FDD:600
hrd Connection purchase. But the Others:0-655
BPL1,BPN0,BPN2:800
user number max value 35
configured will not
larger than
memory capacity
of one cell on BPL
board.
The maximum
number of
established BS8912:0-48 BS8912:400,
Threshold of
E-RAB that the 00, BPL0 TDD:400
1 AC.rabThrd active E-RAB N/A
cell can hold and Others:0-655 BPL0 FDD:600
number
the QoS of all the 35 BPL1,BPN0,BPN2:800
service can be
guaranteed.
Switch for
queuing based
Admission
admission control
control
AC.Switchfor algorithm, which 0:close
1 switch for N/A 1:open
EMC can determine 1:open
emergency
whether the
call
queuing algorithm
is valid or not.
Configuration
ARP for
Emergency
Service Bearer by
ARP of the Operator.
emergency When the ARP enum(Not Support, 1,
GlobalQoS.a Not
2 call value of a service 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, N/A
rpForEMC Support
configured by for UE is equal to 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
operator the parameter, so
the service
belongs to the
emergency
service.
This parameter is
Switch of
@AC.swtch the switch of
CSFB High 0:close
1 OfCsfbHPAd admit CSFB High N/A 0:close
Priority 1:open
mit Priority Call with
Admission
priority
Switch for
queuing based
Switch of admission control
AC.swchOfR Redirection algorithm, which 0:close
1 N/A 0:close
edi4ACFail for admit can determine 1:open
failure whether the
queuing algorithm
is valid or not.
None
None
No special requirements
No special requirements
No special requirements
4.3.4 UE Requirement
The capability of UE needs to support RAT frequency, If CSFB high priority admission is
to be tested. The capability of UE needs to support emergency call if Emergency call
Admission is to be tested.
No special requirements
1. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
1. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Admission Control> Admission Control Switch for Probable Rejection, click
and set Admission Control Switch for Probable Rejection to Open[1], configure
1. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
E-UTRAN Service Configuration>Global Switch> CPU usage access control
switch, click and set CPU usage access control switch to Open[1], Click to
save configuration.
1. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Admission Control> Threshold of RRC Connection user number and User
reserved for handover, and click and configure Threshold of RRC Connection
user number and User reserved for handover, Click to save configuration.
1. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
1. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Admission Control>Admission control algorithm switch for hardware
resource based GBR service, Admission control algorithm switch for
downlink PRB based GBR service, Admission control algorithm switch for
uplink PRB based GBR service, click and set Admission control algorithm
2. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Admission Control>Admission control algorithm switch for hardware
resource based NGBR service, Admission control algorithm switch for
downlink PRB based NGBR service, Admission control algorithm switch for
uplink PRB based NGBR service ,click and set Admission control algorithm
switch for hardware resource based NGBR service, Admission control algorithm
switch for downlink PRB based NGBR service, Admission control algorithm switch
for uplink PRB based NGBR service to Open[1], Click to save configuration.
1. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Admission Control> Admission control switch for emergency call, click and
set Admission control switch for emergency call to Open[1], Click to save
configuration.
1. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD > Qos
Configuration>Global Qos Parameter> ARP of emergency call configured by
1. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Admission Control> Switch of CSFB High Priority Admission, click and set
1. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Admission Control> Switch of Redirection for admit failure, click and set
1. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
2. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Admission Control> Admission Control Switch for Probable Rejection, click
3. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
E-UTRAN Service Configuration>Global Switch> CPU usage access control
switch, click and set CPU usage access control switch to ―Close[0]‖ , Click
to save configuration.
4. Select [Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Admission Control>Admission control algorithm switch for hardware
resource based GBR service, Admission control algorithm switch for
downlink PRB based GBR service, Admission control algorithm switch for
uplink PRB based GBR service] ,click and set Admission control algorithm
Figure 4-18 lists Admission control algorithm switch for hardware resource based GBR
service, Admission control algorithm switch for downlink PRB based GBR service,
admission control algorithm switch for uplink PRB based GBR service.
5. Select [Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Admission Control>Admission control algorithm switch for hardware
resource based NGBR service, Admission control algorithm switch for
downlink PRB based NGBR service, Admission control algorithm switch for
uplink PRB based NGBR service] ,click and set Admission control
Figure 4-19 lists Admission control algorithm switch for hardware resource based NGBR
service, Admission control algorithm switch for downlink PRB based NGBR service,
Admission control algorithm switch for uplink PRB based NGBR service
6. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Admission Control> Admission control switch for emergency call click and
7. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Admission Control> Switch of CSFB High Priority Admission click and set
8. Select Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Admission Control> Switch of Redirection for admit failure] click and set
5 Impact on Network
Impact on Equipment Performance
None
This feature enables the maximum system capacity in the conditions that the access
users’ QoS is guaranteed. The system real-time monitors the changes of the cell
resource to avoid cell overload and maintain system stability. On the other hand, the
system resource is improved maximally.
When the network resource is limited, the admission control function can reduce the
RRC-connection success rate, E-RAB setup success rate and handover success rate.
The lower the threshold of probable rejection admission is configured, the lower the RRC
setup success rate will be.
6 Function Validation
6.1.1 Topology
The figure below shows the test network for admission control.
xPON
AAA DHCP DNS
Operator provides
FDD RRU services
MPLS
PSTN
Antenna
Enterprise
Metro Ethernet VPN
Microwave
NetNumen M31
Internet
SN Device Remarks
1 eNodeB One.
2 UE Two.
3 MME One.
Feature ID ZLF31-08-001
Admission control
Uplink Threshold of
Probable Rejection 10% N/A
Admission
Downlink Threshold of
Probable Rejection 10% N/A
Admission
Probable Rejection
0.95 N/A
Admission Factor
Initiate attach operation from Check the UE2 whether can access to the
7
UE2. serving cell.
UE2 initiates attach operation but failed for the probable reject. See the figure below:
Figure 6-2 UE2 initiates attach operation but failed for the probable reject
6.2.1 Topology
Table 6-3 Admission Control Strategy Based on User Number Test Specification
Feature ID ZLF31-08-001
Threshold of RRC
Connection User 1 N/A
Number
UE side
Figure 6-3 The Signal Flows of UE2 Attached Unsuccessfully on eNodeB Side
6.3.1 Topology
Table 6-4 Admission Control Strategy Based on Active E-RAB Number Test
Specification
Feature ID ZLF31-08-001
Admission Control
Switch for Active Open N/A
E-RAB
Threshold of Active
2 N/A
E-RAB Number
Figure 6-5 the Reason of the Second Dedicated Bearer Established Unsuccessfully
6.4.1 Topology
Feature ID ZLF31-08-001
Admission Control
Algorithm Switch for
Open N/A
Hardware Resource
Based GBR Service
Admission Control
Algorithm Switch for
Open N/A
Uplink PRB Based
NGBR Service
Downlink System
10(50RB)[3] Unit: MHz
Bandwidth
Uplink System
10(50RB) [3] Unit: MHz
Bandwidth
UE established the new dedicated bearer unsuccessfully. Because remain PRB of the
serving cell is less than the PRB which the new dedicated bearer is needed. The reason
is radio resources are not available and it can be seen in the E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE
message.
Figure 6-6 Reason of the New dedicated bearer is Radio Resource not Available
Then the UE received the DEACTIVE REQUEST message. See the figure below.
6.5.1 Topology
Table 6-6 Admission Control Strategy Based on Handover Resource Reservation Test
Admission control
Admission Control
switch for User Open
Number
If there is remain radio resource for the new handover user, the new
Criteria
handover user can be admitted.
Because the radio resources of the target cell are not enough, the UE1 handovers
unsuccessfully. The reason can be seen in HANDOVER PREPARATION FAILURE
message.
6.6.1 Topology
Feature ID ZLF31-08-001
Switch of Redirection
Close N/A
for admit failure
Admission Control
switch for User Open N/A
Number
Threshold of RRC
Connection User 1 N/A
Number
For the parameter Switch of Redirection for admit failure is configured to Close, the UE2
receives the RRC Connection Release message and attempts to access in cell1. See the
figure below.
For the parameter Switch of Redirection for admit failure is configured to Open, the UE2
receive the RRC Connection Release message which carried the frequency of cell2. See
the figure below.
Figure 6-11 RRC Connection Release message which Carried the Frequency of Cell2
7 Abbreviations
For the acronyms and abbreviations, see LTE Glossary.