FUNDA Q & A B.

)Provide reading material about chemotherapy

C.)Acknowledge that hair loss may be a difficult side effect and
Concepts of Man and His Basic Human Needs explore the patient’s feeling about this
1.) The theory on man as a Biopsychosocial and Spiritual D.) Give the patient information about head scarf, hats or wigs
being by Sister Callista Roy conceptualizes the following Ans: C
EXCEPT: >Focusing on the feelings of the client regarding hair loss is
A.) Man, as a biologic being is like all other men therapeutic. Discussing about wigs, headscarf, and hats will be
B.) Man, as a psychologic being is like no other man dealt with later
C.) Man, as a social being is like some other men 9.) The following are characteristics of basic human needs
D.) Man, is a spiritual being only when he professes that he EXCEPT:
believes in God A.) Priorities are uniform to all individuals
Ans: D B.) Needs may be met in different ways
>According to the theory on Man as Biopsychosocial and C.) Needs are interrelated
Spiritual Being, all men are spiritual by nature. This is because D.) Needs may be deferred
of the will and intellect; virtues of faith, hope, and charity, and Ans: A
the belief of existence of supreme power who guides man’s >Priorities vary from individual to individual, according to stage
faith and destiny of growth and development, life situations and other factors
2.) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an open 10.) Which of the following needs is considered by the nurse
system? when she implements reverse isolation for the client with
A.) It is self-sufficient and is totally isolated from other systems leukemia?
B.) It exchanges matter, energy or information with the A.) Physiologic need
environment B.) Safety and security
C.) It allows sustaining elements to enter the system to nourish C.) Love and belongingness
it D.) Self esteem
D.) It is easily affected by changes in other systems Ans: B
Ans: A >The client with leukemia has low resistance to infections.
>An open system needs to exchange matter, energy and Protecting him from infection by implementing reverse or
information. It is interrelated and interdependent with other protective isolation technique meets his need for safety and
systems security
3.) Which aspect of man’s nature is demonstrated by making a 11.) Who among the following clients should be attended first
choice therapeutic regimen reluctantly? by the nurse?
A.) Limited and unlimited nature A) The client with cough and colds
B.) Mature nature with core of immaturity B.) The client with pain on the chest
C.) A creature of indecisiveness C.) The client with fever due to infection
D.) Rational and logical, yet irrational at times D.) The client who is for discharge
Ans: C Ans: B
> Man is a creature of indecisiveness. He is always at the >The client with pain on the chest should be attended first by
crossroad of choosing the nurse because he needs to be assessed and managed
4.) Body image is: immediately before severe problem occurs. The clients with
A.) The way a person appears and his style of grooming signs and symptoms of infections may be dealt with after those
B.) The way the person looks at a certain age without infections to prevent contamination. The client for
C.) The way a person pictures/perceives his appearance and discharge would require longer nursing time for health
function and how he compares himself with others. teachings, and may be dealt with later
D.) A body with complete parts and functions Concepts of Health and Illness
Ans: C 12.) The following are concepts of health:
>Body image is the way a person perceives his appearance 1...) Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social
and function well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
5.) The nursing diagnosis Body Image Disturbance is most 2.) Health is the ability to maintain balance
likely to be written for which of the following persons? 3.) Health is the ability to maintain the internal environment
A.) A patient with above the knee amputation 4.) Health is the integration of all parts and subparts of an
B.) A patient with second degree burns individual
C.) A quadriplegic patient A.) 1,2,3
D.) A person entering the health care system after moving from B.) 1,3,4
wellness to illness C.) 2,3,4
Ans: D D.) 1,2,3,4
Ans D
1-WHO concept of health
>A person entering a health care system most likely would 2-Walter Cannon’s concept of health on homeostasis
experience alteration in body image 3-Claude Bernard’s concept of health on internal milieu
6.) The nurse should assess the activity tolerance of the 4- Neuman’s concept of health on integration of parts and
patient with which of the following conditions? subparts of an individual
A.) Diabetes mellitus 13.) The theorist who advocates that health is the ability to
B.) Diarrhea maintain dynamic equilibrium is:
C.) Anemia A.) Claude Bernard
D.) Kidney stones B.) Walter Cannon
Ans: C C.) Hans Selye
>Activity intolerance is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for a D.) Martha Rogers
client with anemia. IN anemia, there is low oxygen-carrying ANS: B
capacity of the blood, so the client experiences weakness and > Walter Cannon advocates that health is the ability to maintain
fatigue dynamic equilibrium (homeostasis)
7.) According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which of the 14.) The “Health-Illness Continuum Theory” describes which of
following is a basic physiologic need after oxygen? the following:
A.) Water 1.) The effect of environment to well-being and illness
B.) Freedom from infection 2.) High level wellness is achieved if a person is able to
C.) Love and belongingness function independently
D.) Self-esteem 3.) Precursor of illness may be hereditary, environmental and
Ans: A behavioral factors
>Water is next to oxygen in the hierarchy of physiologic needs 4.) The relationship between agent, host and environment
for survival A.) 1,2,3,4
8.) Mrs. Sy, diagnosed with cancer of the breast, is scheduled B.) 1,3,4
to undergo chemotherapy. How should the nurse deal with the C.) 1,2,3
topic of hair loss with client? D.) 2,3,4
A.)Discuss about hair loss as it occurs ANS: C
> 1,2,3 Dunn’s “Health-illness Continuum Theory” describes C.) The client takes medications as prescribed by the physician
the following: D.) The client ignores his dizziness, with the hope that it will be
1.) The effect of environment to well-being and illness relieved spontaneously
2.) High level wellness is achieved if a person is able to ANS: D
function independently > Ignoring signs and symptoms of a disease is not a sick role
3.) Precursor of illness may be hereditary, environmental and behavior. Sick role emphasizes that the person: is not held
behavioral factors responsible for his condition ; is excused from social roles; is
15.) Which of the following statements is not true is high-level obliged to get well as soon as possible; is obliged to seek for
wellness? competent help, i.e. seeking advice of health professionals for
A.) It is applicable only to healthy individuals validation of real illness, explanation of symptoms and
B.) It is the ability to perform activities of daily living reassurance or prediction of outcome
C.) It connotes maximizing one’s potentialities Health and Illness- Asepsis and Infection Control
D.) It is the ability to perform self-care 22.) Which of the following situations may cause droplet
ANS: A transmission of microorganisms?
> The statement which is NOT TRUE in high level wellness is A.) Facing a clients who is coughing and sneezing within a
that, it is applicable only to healthy individuals. High level distance of 3 feet
wellness is applicable to both the well and the ill, as long as B.) Eating contaminated shell fish
one maximizes his potentialities and functions independently C.) Puncture from intravenous needle removed from a client
16.) Mrs. De Guzman had been diagnosed to have with hepatitis B
hypertension since 15 years ago. Since then, she had D.) Exposure to flood water
maintained low sodium diet, to control her blood pressure. This Ans: A
practice is viewed as: > Facing client who is coughing and sneezing most likely would
A.) Her superstitious belief cause droplet transmission of microorganisms
B.) Her cultural belief 23.) Which of the following is most effective practice by
C.) Her personal caregivers and family, when caring for a client with low
D.) Her health belief resistance to infection due to cancer.
ANS: D A.) Allow two visitors only, at a time
> Health belief of an individual influences his/her preventive B.) Wash hands frequently
health behavior. Health beliefs may be influenced by individual C.) Wear masks in the client’s room at all times
perceptions, modifying factors, perceived benefits of preventive D.) Meticulous cleaning of the client’s room
actions and perceived barriers to preventive actions ANS: B
17.) The “Role Performance Model” of health views that: > Handwashing is the most effective practice to prevent
A.) Health is the absence of signs and symptoms of disease transfer of microorganisms
B.) Health is successful adaptation 24.) The primary why the faucet is considered as contaminated
C.) Health is the ability to perform one’s work or job is:
D.) Health is realization of one’s potential A.) It is located in unsterile area
ANS: C B.) Many people are using it
> The “Role Performance Model” of health by Smith views that C.) It is frequently used
health is the ability to perform one’s societal roles such as D.) It is opened by dirty hands
one’s work or job ANS: D
18.) Mr. Salvador practices excessive alcohol intake. This is > The faucet is considered contaminated primarily because it is
considered as which type of precursor to illness? opened by dirty hands
A.) Behavioral factor 25.) The nurse enters the room of the client on airborne
B.) Environmental factor precautions due to tuberculosis. Which of the following are
C.) Hereditary factor appropriate actions by the nurse?
D.) Genetic factor 1. She wears the mask, covering the nose and mouth
ANS: A 2. She washes her hands before and after removing gloves,
> Taking alcohol excessively is a behavioral precursor of after suctioning the client’s secretions
illness. Other behavioral factors that may lead to illness are as 3. She removes gloves and mask before leaving the client’s
follows: cigarette smoking, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, poor room
hygiene, inadequate rest and sleep, excessive worry and 4. She discards contaminated suction catheter tip in a trash
tension,etc can found in the client’s room
19.) A person who may or may not be affected by disease is: A.) 1 and 2
A.) Agent B.) 1 and 3
B.) Carrier C.) 1,2 and 3
C.) Victim D.) 1,2,3, and 4
D.) Host ANS: D
ANS: D > 1,2,3, and 4 the mask should cover the nose and mouth
> A host is an individual who may or may not be affected by snugly. The hands should be washed before and after
disease removing gloves. Gloves and mask should be removed before
20.) Health promotion activities are directed to achieve the leaving the client’s room, to contain the microorganism within
following: the client’s unit. Contaminated articles like suction catheter
1. Increasing level of wellness should be discarded in a trash can found in the client’s room to
2. Improving quality of life prevent contamination of the outside environment.
3. Relying on health care personnel to maintain health 26.) A 14-yar old male is to be admitted to the unit due to high
4. Promoting healthful lifestyle fever related to influenza. With whom among the following
A.) 1,2,4 clients should be placed together in the room?
B.) 2,3,4 A.) The 12-year old male client who had undergone
C.) 1,2,3 appendectomy
D.) 1,2,3,4 B.) The 12-year old female with flu
ANS: A C.) The 12-year old boy with flu
> 1,2,4 Health promotion activities are directed to achieve the D.) The 12- year old boy with leukemia
following: ANS: C
1.) Increasing level of wellness > Clients infected with the same type of microorganism may
2.) Improving quality of life cohabitate . The gender and the age of the clients should also
3.) Promoting healthful lifestyle be considered. Clients of the same gender and approximately
Furthermore, health promotion involves the principles of self of the same age group will stay together well
responsibility for one’s health 27.) After caring for a client with extensive body burns, the
21.) Which of the following behaviors is not expected when a nurse performs which of the following actions when removing
client assumes the sick role? protective wear?
A.) The client seeks for sick leave A.) Remove, mask, gown, gloves, cap and shoe cover
B.) The client consults a physician because of headache and B.) Remove gloves, mask, gown, cap and shoe cover
perceived fever C.) Remove gown, mask, gloves, cap and shoe cover
D.) Remove cap and shoe cover, mask, gloves, gown > 1 and 3 adaptive responses are attempts to maintain
ANS: B equilibrium and they are not limitless
> To remove protective wear, peel off gloves first, then the 34.) The first manifestation of inflammation is:
mask, gown cap and shoe cover. This is to prevent A.) Heat
contamination of skin by the contaminated gloves B.) Redness
28.) When discarding used needle and syringes, which of the C.) Swelling
following is appropriate nursing action? D.) Pain
A.) Remove needle from the syringe and discard them in ANS: B
separate containers > The first manifestation of inflammation is redness. This is due
B.) Recap needle, then discard the needle still attached to the to increased blood flow to the area affected
syringe into a container 35.) The primary cause of pain at the site of inflammation is:
C.) Discard the uncapped needle and syringe into a container A.) Release of bradykinin
D.) Break the needle, then discard syringe into a container B.) Injury to nerve endings
ANS: C C.) Compression of local nerve endings by edema fluids
> Discard the uncapped needle and syringe into a leak-proof, D.) Impaired circulations
puncture-proof container. This is to prevent needle puncture of ANS: C
self. Universal precaution: NEVER RECAP NEEDLE > The primary cause of pain at the site of inflammation is the
29.) When performing surgical hand scrub, which of the compression of local nerve endings by edema fluids
following nursing actions ensure prevention of contamination? 36.) The client is in stress because he was told by the
1. Keep fingernails short, clean, without nail polish physician that he needs to undergo surgery for removal of
2. Open faucet with knee or foot control tumor in his stomach. Which of the following are effects of
3. Keep hands above elbows when washing and rinsing activation of the sympatho-adreno-medullary response in the
4. Wear cap, mask, and shoe cover after hand scrub client?
A.) 1,3,4 1. Constipation
B.) 1,2,3 2. Urinary frequency
C.) 1,2,4 3. Hypoglycemia
D.) 2,3,4 4. Increased BP
ANS: B A.) 1 and 2
> 1,2 and 3- Surgical hand scrub involves the following actions: B.) 1 and 3
Keep fingernails short, clean, without nail polish, open faucets C.) 2 and 3
with knee or foot control; keep hands above elbows when D.) 1 and 4
washing and rinsing. Cap, mask, shoe cover should be worn ANS: D
before hand scrub, to prevent contamination of the scrubbed >1 and 4- Effects of SAMR are due to release of
hand norepinephrine and epinephrine. These include constipation
30.) When removing gloves, which of the following is and increase BP
inappropriate nursing action? 37.) The client is on NPO since midnight, as preparation for
A.) Wash gloved hands first blood test. Adreno-cortical response is activated. Which of the
B.) Peel off gloves inside out following is an expected response?
C.) Use glove-to-glove, skin-to-skin technique A.) Low BP
D.) Remove mask and gown before removing gloves B.) Decrease urine output
ANS: D C.) Warm, flushed, dry skin
> When removing gloves, it is inappropriate to remove mask D.) Low serum Na levels
and gown first before gloves. Appropriate nursing actions are: ANS: B
wash gloved hands first, peel off gloves inside out; use glove- > Adreno-cortical response involves release of aldosterone that
to-glove, skin-to-skin techniques. Remove gloves first, followed leads to retention of sodium and water. This results to
by the mask, gown, cap, and shoe cover decreased urine output
31.) When pouring sterile solution, the nurse performs which of 38.) The client fell from the stairs, and had twisted her ankle.
the following actions correctly? The injury caused inflammation of the ankle. The nursing
A.) Hold bottle 6 inches above receptacle on the sterile field interventions for the inflamed ankle would least likely include
B.) Remove cap of bottle and place it with the underside lid which of the following?
down on a flat surface A.) Elevate the ankle with pillow support
C.) Return excess solution from sterile receptacle to the bottle B.) Apply warm compress over the ankle for the first seventy-
D.) Place the bottle of sterile solution within the sterile field two hours
ANS: A C.) Apply compression bandage over the ankle
> When pouring sterile solution, hold bottle 6 inches above D.) Administer anti-inflammatory drug as ordered by the M.D.
receptacle on the sterile field. Cap of the bottle should be ANS: B
placed with underside lip up, on a flat surface. Excess solution > Application of warm compress over an inflamed body part for
should not be returned to the bottle because this is considered the first 72hours of injury is not included in the nursing
contaminated. The bottle of the sterile solution should be interventions for inflammation. Cold compress is preferably
placed outside the sterile field because the outside part of the applied during the first 72hours to cause vasoconstriction and
bottle is nonsterile. Remember, sterile field/object should come prevent/reduce swelling.
in contact with sterile objects only, to maintain sterility. 39.) Which of the following events characterize the GAS stage
STRESS, ADAPTATION,HOMEOSTASIS of Alarm?
32.) Which of the following does not characterize stress? A.) Fight-or-flight response is activated
A.) Stress is a nervous energy B.) The person regains homeostasis
B.) A single stress does not cause a disease C.) Adaptive mechanisms fail
C.) Stress in inherent to life D.) Levels of resistance are increased
D.) Stress may be protective but at times problematic ANS: A
ANS: A > During the GAS stage of Alarm, fight-or-flight response is
> This is an incorrect statement because stress is not a activated
nervous strategy; it is a psychophysiologic response 40.) The client is a 57 year old male who works as a traffic
33.) Adaptive responses of man to stressors are characterized officer. He is exposed to sunlight from morning until afternoon.
by the following: Which of the following is considered as a physiologic adaptive
1. They are attempts to maintain equilibrium mode of the client?
2. They are fairly uniform in all individuals A.) He learns to interpret different traffic signs
3. They are limitless B.) He sees to it that he wears his uniform as dignified as a
4. They are always adequate to overcome stressors policeman does
A.) 1 and 2 C.) He develops dark skin
B.) 1 and 3 D.) He learns the skill of giving traffic directions to drivers and
C.) 1 and 4 pedestrian
D.) 2 and 4 ANS: C
ANS: B > Development of dark skin due to prolonged exposure to
sunlight, is an example of physiologic adaptive mode
41.) The first protective cells launched at the site of tissue 48.) The client verbalizes that he is very anxious that the
injury are the: diagnostic tests he had undergone might reveal he has cancer.
A.) Basophils Which of the following is most appropriate nursing
B.) Eosinophils intervention?
C.) Monocytes A.) Tell the client not to worry unnecessarily, until the results
D.) Neutrophils are in.
ANS: D B.) Ask the client to express feelings and concerns with
> Neutrophils are the first protective cells launched at the site regards to outcome of the tests
of injury to perform phagocytosis C.) Reassure the client that everything will be alright
Therapeutic Communication D.) Advise the client to divert his attention by watching
42.) Therapeutic nurse-patient relationship is described as television or reading newspaper
follows: ANS: B
1. It is based on friendship and mutual interest > Exploring the client’s feelings and encouraging evaluation
2. It is a professional relationship encourage verbalization by the client and therefore promote
3. It is focused on helping the patient solve problems and therapeutic nurse-client relationship. Reassuring (A and C),
achieve health-related goals advising (D), are non-therapeutic techniques of communication
4. It is maintained only as long as the patient requires 49.) Which of the following statements clearly defines
professional help therapeutic communication?
A.) 1,2,3 A.) Therapeutic communication is an interactional process
B.) 1,2,4 which is primarily directed by the nurse
C.) 2,3,4 B.) Therapeutic communication is conveys feelings of warmth,
D.) 1,3,4 acceptance and empathy from the nurse to a patient in a
ANS: C relaxed atmosphere
> 2,3,4- Nurse-patient relationship is a professional C.) Therapeutic communication is a reciprocal interaction
relationship, it is a helping relationship; it is maintained only as based on trust and aimed at identifying patient needs and
long as the patient requires professional help. It is not based developing mutual goals
on friendship and mutual interest. D.) Therapeutic communication is the assessment component
43.) During the working phase of therapeutic relationship, the of the nursing process
nurse performs the following activities EXCEPT: ANS; C
A.) Reviews the client’s medical record > Therapeutic communication is a reciprocal interaction based
B.) Establishes a contract with the client regarding on trust and aimed at identifying patient needs and developing
expectations and responsibilities mutual goals.
C.) Decides with the client on mutually agreed upon goals 50.) Which of the following concepts is most important in
D.) Discusses with the client on time frame of the relationship establishing therapeutic nurse-patient relationship?
ANS: A A.) The nurse must fully understand the patient’s feelings,
> Reviewing the client’s medical record is an activity done perceptions and reactions before goals can be established
during the pre-interaction phase of the therapeutic nurse- B.) The nurse must be a role model for health-fostering
patient relationship. All the other choices are performed during behaviors
the working phase C.) The nurse must recognize that the patient may manifest
44.) The client has been scheduled to undergo surgery for maladaptive behavior during illness
removal of tumor in her right breast. Which of the following D.) The nurse needs to understand that the patient may test
manifestations indicate that she is experiencing mild anxiety? her before he can accept and trust her
A.) She has increased awareness of the environment details ANS: D
B.) She focuses on selected aspect of her illness > In establishing therapeutic nurse-patient relationship, the
C.) She experiences incongruence of thoughts, feelings and nurse needs to understand that the patient may test her before
actions he can accept and trust her
D.) She experiences random motor activity 51.) Which communication skill is most effective in dealing with
ANS: A covert communication?
> Increased awareness of the environment details is a A.) validation
manifestation of mild anxiety B.) Listening
45.) Which of the following nursing interventions would least C.) Evaluation
likely be effective when dealing with a client with aggressive D.) Clarification
behavior? ANS: A
A.) Approach in calm, direct manner > Validation is required for covert communication. Only the
B.) Provide opportunities to express feelings patient can describe what he wants to convey through covert
C.) Maintain eye contact with the client communication.
D.) Isolate the client from other clients 52.) Which of the following are qualities of good recording?
ANS: D 1. Brevity
> Isolating the client who manifests aggressive behavior would 2. Completeness and chronology
be ineffective intervention. This may further agitate him. 3. Appropriateness
Providing outlets, like physical activities will be more effective, 4. Accuracy
to divert the client’s energy A.) 1,2
46.) The client express fear that God will not be supportive and B.) 3,4
might be punitive. He is experiencing which of the following C.) 1,2,3
responses? D.) 1,2,3,4
A.) Spiritual pain ANS: D
B.) Spiritual anger > 1,2,3 4- Good recording is characterized by brevity,
C.) Spiritual anxiety completeness and chronology, appropriateness and accuracy.
D.) Spiritual loss 53.) All of the following chart entries are correct EXCEPT:
ANS: C A.) Complained of chest pain
>Spiritual anxiety is expression of fear that God will not be B.) Chest pain relieved after administration of NTG sublingually
supportive and might be punitive C.) Able to ambulate to the bathroom without assistance
47.) The client verbalizes, “I’m nothing.” Which of the following D.) Vital signs 120/84 82, 18
is the most appropriate response by the nurse? ANS: D
A.) “Are you suggesting that you feel worthless?” > Recording of vital signs should be T,PR,RR,BP. So the
B.) “Of course, you’re everything.” recording of vital signs letter D is incorrect. The rest are correct
C.) “That’s not true.” chart entries.
D.) “You should not feel that way.” 54.) The accepted method for signing a nurse’s note is:
ANS: A A.) J.C./R.N.
> Attempts to translate into feelings is a therapeutic technique B.) Juan Cruz, Clinical Instructor
of communication. Using denial (B), disagreeing (C), and C.) Juan Cruz
advising (D), are non-therapeutic techniques of D.) Juan D. Cruz, R.N.
communication. ANS: D