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C
Answers to Selected Problems

Chapter 1

1.1 ke = k1 + k2 ; m ü + ke u = p(t)
(k1 + k2 )k3
1.3 ke = ; m ü + ke u = p(t)
k1 + k2 + k3

3g 3g
1.5 θ̈ + = 0; ωn =
2L 2L
m R2 π d4G
1.8 θ̈ + θ =0
2 32L
w 3E I
1.10 ü + 3 u = 0
g L

ke k(48E I /L 3 )
1.12 ωn = ; ke =
m k + 48E I /L 3
 
120 E Ic
1.15 m ü + u = p(t)
11 h 3
 
E Ic
1.16 m ü + 2 3 u = p(t)
h
   
√ AE √ AE
1.17 m ü x + 2 u x = 0; m ü y + 2 uy = 0
h h

817
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818 Answers to Selected Problems App. C

mh 2 AEh
1.18 ü θ + √ u θ = 0
6 2

Chapter 2

2.1 w = 40 lb; k = 16.4 lb/in.

2.2 u(t) = 2 cos(9.82t)
2.4 u(t) = 0.565 sin(60.63t) in.

m2g 2gh m 2
2.5 u(t) = (1 − cos ωn t) + sin ωn t
k ωn m 1 + m 2
2.7 E I = 8827 lb-ft2
2.11 j10% = 0.366/ζ
2.13 Tn = 0.353 sec; ζ = 1.94%
2.14 (a) c = 215.9 lb-sec/in., k = 1500 lb/in.;
(b) ζ = 0.908;
(c) ω D = 5.28 rad/sec

2.15 k = 175.5 lb/in.; c = 0.107 lb-sec/in.

2.16 ωn = 21.98 rad/sec; ζ = 0.163; ω D = 21.69 rad/sec
2.17 TD = 0.235 sec, ζ = 0.236%
2.19 1.449 in., 1.149 in.
2.20 0.636 in.; 8 12 cycles

Chapter 3

3.1 m = 6.43/g lb/g; k = 10.52 lb/in.

3.2 ζ = 0.05
3.3 ζ = 0.0576
3.5 u o = 2.035 × 10−3 in.; ü o = 0.0052g
3.10 ζ = 9.82%
3.11 ζ = 1.14%
3.12 (b) δst = 0.269 in.
3.13 474.8 lb
3.15 11.6 kips/in.
3.17 Error = 0, 0.9, and 15% at f = 10, 20, and 30 Hz, respectively
3.19 f ≤ 20.25 Hz
3.21 f ≥ 2.575 Hz
3.25 0.308 in.
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App. C Answers to Selected Problems 819

po 4 po 
∞
1
3.26 (a) p(t) = + 2 cos jω0 t
2 π j=1, 3, 5, ...
j2
u(t) 1 4 
∞
1
(b) = + 2 cos jω0 t, where (u st )o = po /k,
(u st )o 2 π j=1, 3, 5, ... j 2 (1 − β j2 )
β j = jω0 /ωn , and β j = 1
(c) Two terms are adequate.

Chapter 4
 
u(t) ζ
4.9 = 1 − e−ζ ωn t cos ω D t +  sin ω D t
(u st )o 1 − ζ2
uo 
= 1 + exp(−nζ / 1 − ζ 2 )
(u st )o
4.12 u o  12.2 in.; u 0  6.1 in.
4.17 u o = 0.536 in.; σ = 18.9 ksi
4.18 u o = 2.105 in.; σ = 37.2 ksi
po 4 ωn t1
4.23 uo = sin ωn t1 sin
k ωn t1 2
uo 4π td
4.24 = ; error = 5.9%
(u st )o 3 Tn
4.26 (a) Vb = 15.08 kips, Mb = 1206 kip-ft; (b) increase in mass has the effect of
reducing the dynamic response.

Chapter 5

5.2 Check numerical results against the theoretical solution in Tables E5.1a, b.
5.4 Check numerical results against the theoretical solution in Table E5.2.
5.8 Check numerical results against the theoretical solution in Table E5.3.
5.9 Check numerical results against the theoretical solution; the numerical results are
large in error, but the solution is stable.
5.11 Check numerical results against the theoretical solution in Table E5.4.

Chapter 6
  
u̇ go ζ −1 1 − ζ2
6.4 D= Tn exp −  tan
2π 1 − ζ2 ζ
 2
2π 2π
V = D; A = D
Tn Tn
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820 Answers to Selected Problems App. C

6.10 u o = 1.91 in.; σ = 38.2 ksi

6.11 (a) u o = 14.1 in., Vbo = 56.2 kips
(b) u o = 9.93 in., Vbo = 79.5 kips
(c) u o = 14.1 in., Vbo = 112.4 kips

6.14 (a) u o = 0.674 in., M = 40.65 kip-ft; (b) u o = 2.7 in., M = 81.30 kip-ft
6.15 u o = 2.7 in., M = 81.30 kip-ft at top of column
6.16 (a) u o = 0.316 in., M = 18.3 kip-ft
(b) u o = 0.101 in., pbrace = 3.53 kips

6.17 u o = 1.3 in., Mshort = 60.39 kip-ft, Mlong = 15.1 kip-ft

6.18 u o = 3.86 in.; bending moments (kip-ft) in columns: 569 at base and 244 at top;
bending moments (kip-ft) in beam: 244 at both ends
6.19 u o = 11.1 in., bending moments (kip-ft) in columns: 0 at base and 428 at top;
bending moments (kip-ft) in beam: 428 at both ends
6.20 u o = 0.76 in.; stresses at base of column: bending stress due to earthquake = 19.06
ksi; axial stress due to earthquake and gravity forces = 3.28 ksi; total stress =
22.34 ksi
6.22 Corner displacements = 0.582 in., 0.388 in.; base torque = 58.2 kip-ft; bending
moments at top and base of each column: M y = 5.24 kip-ft, Mx = 2.33
kip-ft
6.23 A(Tn )/g = 0.5 for Tn ≤ 33 1 1
sec; 12.28Tn0.916 for 33 < Tn ≤ 18 sec; 1.83 for 18 < Tn
≤ 0.623 sec; 1.14Tn−1 for 0.623 < Tn ≤ 3.91 sec; 4.46Tn−2 for 3.91 < Tn
≤ 10 sec; 24.49Tn−2.74 for 10 < Tn ≤ 33 sec; and 1.84Tn−2 for Tn > 33 sec

Chapter 7

7.1 (a) Tn = 0.502 sec, ζ = 2%;

(b) no;
(c) Tn = 0.502 sec, ζ = 2%;
(d) f¯y = 0.323, R y = 3.09

7.5 µ = 1.44, 3.13, and 7.36

7.6 A y (Tn )/g = 0.5 for Tn ≤ 33
1 1
sec; 1.68Tn0.348 for 33 < Tn ≤ 18 sec; 0.818 for 18 < Tn
≤ 0.465 sec; 0.380Tn for 0.465 < Tn ≤ 3.91 sec; 1.487Tn−2 for 3.91 < Tn ≤ 10
−1

sec; 8.16Tn−2.74 for 10 < Tn ≤ 33 sec; and 0.614Tn−2 for Tn > 33 sec
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App. C Answers to Selected Problems 821

7.7
Tn = 0.02 sec Tn = 0.2 sec Tn = 2 sec
µ f y /w u m (in.) f y /w u m (in.) f y /w u m (in.)

1 0.50 1.955 × 10−3 1.355 0.530 0.448 17.57

2 0.50 3.910 × 10−3 0.782 0.612 0.224 17.57
4 0.50 7.820 × 10−3 0.512 0.801 0.112 17.57
8 0.50 15.640 × 10−3 0.350 1.095 0.056 17.57

7.8 u m = 17.6 in.

Chapter 8

103m L 2 k L2 9L
8.2 (a) m̃ θ̈ + c̃θ̇ + k̃θ = p̃(t), m̃ = , c̃ = c, k̃ = , p̃(t) = p(t);
64 4 8
√ √ 72x
(b) ωn 16k/103m, ζ = 8c/ 103km L 4 ; (c) u(x, t) = e−ζ ωn t sin ω D t
103m Lω D
m L3 cL 3 k L3 L2
8.4 (a) m̃ θ̈ + c̃θ̇ + k̃θ = p̃(t); m̃ = ; c̃ = k̃ = ; p̃(t) = p(t)
12 12 12 6
m
8.5 z = vertical deflection of lower end of spring; m̃ z̈ + c̃ż + k̃z = p̃(t); m̃ = ;
3
c k 2
c̃ = ; k̃ = ; p̃(t) = − p(t)
4 5 5
8.7 (a) Vo (L/2) = 1426 kips, Mo (L/2) = 0.2399 × 106 kip-ft, Vbo = 1739 kips,
Mbo = 0.7368 × 106 kip-ft; (b) u o (L) = 25.1 in.
8.9 (a) Vo (L/2) = 216 kips, Mo (L/2) = 3.629 × 104 kip-ft, Vbo = 263 kips,
Mbo = 11.15 × 104 kip-ft;
(b) u o (L) = 3.79 in.
8.10 u 1o = 0.519, u 2o = 0.830, u 3o = 0.934 in.; V3o = 41.2, V2o = 114.4, Vbo = 160.2
kips; M2o = 494, M1o = 1867, Mbo = 3789 kip-ft
8.12 u 1o = 0.312, u 2o = 0.624, u 3o = 0.935 in.; V3o = 48.2, V2o = 112.4, V1o = 144.5
kips; M2o = 578, M1o = 1927, Mbo = 3661 kip-ft
8.15 Floor displacements (in.): 1.34, 2.39, 3.39, 3.98, 4.28
Story shears (kips): 38.5, 110, 171, 214, 238
Floor overturning moments (kip-ft): 462, 1782, 3833, 6399, 9255

8.17 ωn = 0.726 E I /m L 3
√ √
8.18 ω1 = 2.536k/m, ψ1 =  1 0.366 T ; ω2 = 9.464k/m, ψ2 =  1 −1.366 T
π 4 E I /32L 3
8.19 ωn2 =
if ψ(x) = 1 − cos π x
m 1 + (π 2 /16)(R/L)2 2L
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822 Answers to Selected Problems App. C


1.657 EI
8.20 ωn =
L2 m

8.21 ωn = 20.612 rad/sec

8.24 ωn = 20.628 rad/sec
 
2 po 1 ωn2 πν (π ν/L)2
8.25 u(L/2, t) = 1− 2 cos t+ 2 cos ωn t
πm ωn2 ωn − (π ν/L)2 L ωn − (π ν/L)2
t ≤ L/ν
 
2 po 1 ωn2
u(L/2, t) = 2 − 1 − cos ωn (t − td )
πm ωn2 ωn2 − (π ν/L)2

(π ν/L)2
+ 2 cos ω n t t ≥ L/ν
ωn − (π ν/L)2

Chapter 9
      
mL 1 0 ü 1 162E I 8 −7 u1 p1 (t)
9.2 + =
3 0 1 ü 2 5L 3 −7 8 u2 p2 (t)
   
m 2 1 EI 28 −10
9.4 m= ,k= 3
6 1 2 L −10 4
      
1 ü 1 EI 37.15 −15.12 u1 p1 (t)
9.6 m + 3 =
0.5 ü 2 h −15.12 10.19 u2 p2 (t)
       
1 ü 1 EI 40.85 −23.26 5.11 u1 p1 (t)
9.9 m 1 ü 2 + 3 −23.26 31.09 −14.25 u 2 = p2 (t)
0.5 ü 3 h 5.11 −14.25 10.06 u3 p3 (t)
       
1 ü 1 EI 33.36 −14.91 1.94 u 1 p 1 (t)
9.11 m 1 ü 2 + 3 15.96 −5.49 u 2 = p2 (t)
0.5 ü h (sym) 3.92 u p (t)
3 3 3
9.13 u =  u 1 u 2 u 3 , where u 1 is the horizontal displacement of the masses and u 2
and u 3 are the vertical displacements of the right and left masses, respectively.
mü + ku = peff (t)
   
5 3E I 28 6 −6
m=m 1 ,k = 6 7 3 ; peff (t) = −mιü g (t)
1 10L 3 −6 3 7
 1 0 0 for ü g (t) = ü gx (t)


 0 1 1
 for ü g (t) = ü gy (t)
 1
 
ι =
T √ 1 √ √1 for ü g (t) = ü gbd (t)
  2 2  2



 − 2 √12 √12
√1
for ü g (t) = ü gbc (t)

−L L − L for ü g (t) = ü gθ (t)
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App. C Answers to Selected Problems 823

9.15 mü + ku = peff (t)

   
2/3 −1/6 1/2 5 −2 2
m = m −1/6 2/3 −1/2 , k = k −2 5 −2 , peff (t) = −mιü g (t)
1/2 −1/2 1 2 −2 6
 −m1/2 1/2 0 for ground motion in the x direction
[mι]T = −m1/2 √ − 1/2 1 √ for ground motion in the y direction
−m1/ 2 0 1/ 2 for ground motion in the d–b direction
9.16 mü +ku = peff (t)   
1 0 0 6 0 0
m= 0 1 b/2 , k = k 0 6 2b , peff (t) = −mιü g (t)
0 b/2 5b2 /12 0 2b 7b2 /12
−m 1 0 0  for ground motion in the x direction
[mι]T = −m 0 √1 b/2√ for ground motion in the y direction
−m 1/ 2 1/ 2 0  for ground motion in the d–b direction

9.18 mü + ku = −mιü g (t)

   
1 E I 0.9283 0.9088 0.2345
m=m 1 ,k= 3 1.4294 0.2985
1 L symm 0.3234

 1 0 0 for ground motion in the x direction

0 1 0 for ground motion in the y direction
ιT =

  0 √0 1  for ground motion in the z direction
(1/ 3) 1 1 1  for ground motion in the a–d direction

6E I ü g1 (t)
9.20 m ü + u = −m  1/2 1/2 
L3 ü g2 (t)
9.21 mü + ku = −mιü g (t) 
u1 u g1
u= , ug =
u2  u g2    
1 6E I 176 −48 1 266 182
m=m ,k= ,ι=
1 7L 3 −48 176 448 42 −42

9.22 mü + ku = −mιü g (t) 

u1 u g1
u= , ug =
u2  u g2    
1 6E I 128 0 0, 5 0.5
m=m ,k= ,ι=
1/2 7L 3 0 140 0.3 −0.3

9.23 mü + ku = −mιüg (t)

T
uT =  u x u y u θ  ugT =  u ga u gb u gc u gd 
   
1 4 0 0
m=m 1 k=k 0 4 0
b2 /6 0 0 2b2
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824 Answers to Selected Problems App. C

 
1 1 1 1 1
ι= 0 0 0 0
4 −1/b −1/b 1/b 1/b

9.25 mü + ku = −mιüg (t)

 
u1 u g1
u= , ug =
u2 u g2
     
3.624 0.9359 0.7701 0.6035 0.3965
m= , k = 104 ,ι =
1.812 0.7701 1.5088 −0.2143 1.2143

Chapter 10

10.3 (a) u 1 (t) = 0.5 cos ω1 t + 0.5 cos ω2 t; u 2 (t) = 0.5 cos ω1 t − 0.5 cos ω2 t
 
10.6 (a) ω1 = 3.750 E√I /mh 3 , ω2 = 9.052√ E I /mh 3 ,
φ1 =  1 2 T , φ2 =  1 − 2 T
 
10.7 ω1 = 1.971 E I /mh 3 , ω2 = 8.609 E I /mh 3 , φ1 =  0.919 1 T ,
φ2 =  −0.544 1 T
10.8 (a) u 1 (t) = 1.207 cos ω1 t − 0.207 cos ω2 t, u 2 (t) = 1.707 cos ω1 t + 0.293 cos ω2 t
 
10.10 ω1 = 2.407 E I /mh 3 , ω2 = 7.193 E I /mh 3
φ1 = 0.482 1 −0.490/h − 0.490/h − 0.304/h − 0.304/hT
φ2 = −1.037 1 − 0.241/h − 0.241/h − 1.677/h − 1.677/hT

10.12 ωn = αn E I /mh 3 , α1 = 2.241, α2 = 4.899, α3 = 7.14; φ1 =  0.314 0.686 1 T ,
φ2 =  −0.5 −0.5 1 T , φ3 =  3.186 −2.186 1 T

10.14 ωn = αn E I /mh 3 , α1 = 1.423, α2 = 4.257, α3 = 6.469; φ1 =  0.7 0.873 1 T ,
φ2 =  −0.549 −0.133 1 T , φ3 =  1.301 −1.614 1 T
       
u 1 (t) 1.2440 −0.3333 0.0893
10.15 (a) u 2 (t) = 2.1547 cos ω1 t + 0 cos ω2 t + −0.1547 cos ω3 t
u 3 (t) 2.4880 0.3333 0.1786
     
u 1 (t) 0.935 0.065
10.16 (a) u 2 (t) = 2.04 cos ω1 t + −0.0668 cos ω3 t
u 3 (t) 2.98 0.0205

10.23 (a) ωn = αn E I /m L ; αn = 0.5259, 1.6135, 1.7321;
3

     
1 1 0
φ1 = −1.9492 , φ2 = 1.2826 , φ3 = 1
1.9492 −1.2826 1
     
u 1 (t) 0.3969 0.6031
(b) u 2 (t) = −0.7736 cos ω1 t + 0.7736 cos ω2 t
u 3 (t) 0.7736 −0.7736
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App. C Answers to Selected Problems 825

10.24 ωn = 5.96, 6.21, 10.90 rad/sec

φ1 = 0 2.0322 0.0033T , φ2 = 2.071 0 0T ,
φ3 = 0 − 0.3988 0.0166T

10.28 (a) ωn = αn E I /m L 3 , α1 = 0.4834, α2 = 0.4990, α3 = 1.4827
10.29–10.32 Compare against exact results.

Chapter 11
 
0.824 −0.257
0
11.1 c = (sym) −0.110 , ζ2 = 0.0430
0.604
0.229
 
0.848 −0.234 −0.023
11.2, 11.4 c = (sym) 0.628 −0.133
0.252

Chapter 12

12.1 u 1 (t) = ( po /k)(1.207C1 − 0.207C2 ) sin ωt,

−1
u 2 (t) = ( po /k)(1.707C1 + 0.293C2 ) sin ωt, where Cn = 1 − (ω/ωn )2
   
po sin ω1 t sin ω2 t 0.707 po sin ω1 t sin ω2 t
12.4 u 1 (t) = + , u 2 (t) = −
2m ω1 ω2 m ω1 ω2
po
12.5 (a) u 1 (t) = (1 − 0.853 cos ω1 t − 0.147 cos ω2 t), u 2 (t) =
k
po
(1 − 1.207 cos ω1 t + 0.207 cos ω2 t)
k 
   
C1 C2 C3 2 D1 D2 D3 2
12.9 u 3o = ω po2
+ + + + + , ü 3o = ω2 u 3o ,
K1 K2 K3 K1 K2 K3
where po = 1.242 lb; K 1 = 131.16, K 2 = 978.97, and
K 3 = 1826.80 kips/in.; and Cn and Dn are as defined in Example 12.5.
  
12.16 u 1 (t) 1 1
= 1.736(1 − cos 10t) + (−0.116)(1 − cos 38.73t); t ≤ 0.3 sec
u 2 (t) 1 −1
 
u 1 (t) 1
= [3.455 cos 10(t − 0.3) + 0.245 sin 10(t − 0.3)]
u 2 (t) 1

1
+ [−0.0483 cos 38.73(t − 0.3) + 0.09419 sin 38.73(t − 0.3)] ; t ≥ 0.3 sec
−1
12.18 Combined values of shears (in kips) and bending moments (in kip-in.):
Va = Vb = 52.08; Vc = Vd = −58.16; Ve = V f = 6.12
Ma = 0; Mb = Mc = −2604; Md = Me = 306; Mf = 0
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826 Answers to Selected Problems App. C

 
0.133 83.125
12.19 uo = in., üo = in./sec2
0.529 330.63
12.20 Mbo = 948.8 kip-in., Mdo = −1902 kip-in.


12.24 (a) M(t) = M stM̄n ωn2 Dn (t) , where

    
po 1 t Tn t
Dn (t) = sin π − sin 2π ; t ≤ td
ωn2 1 − (Tn /2td )2 td 2td Tn
Ḋn (td )
Dn (t) = Dn (td ) cos ωn (t − td ) + sin ωn (t − td ); t ≥ td
ωn
M st = −0.3125L; M̄1 = 0.3414, M̄2 = 0.6000, M̄3 = 0.0586


(b) M(t) = M st p(t) + M̄1 ω12 D1 (t) − p(t)

Chapter 13

13.1 (a) s1 = m  0.854 0.604 T , s2 = m  0.146 −0.104 T

(b) u 1 (t) = 0.854D1 (t) + 0.146D2 (t), u 2 (t) = 1.207D1 (t) − 0.207D2 (t)
(c) V1 (t) = 1.458m A1 (t) + 0.042m A2 (t), V2 (t) = 0.604m A1 (t) − 0.104m A2 (t)
(d) Mb (t) = 2.062mh A1 (t) − 0.062mh A2 (t), M1 (t) = 0.604mh A1 (t) −
0.104mh A2 (t)
13.2 (c) Peak values of total responses: u 1 = 0.679 in., u 2 = 0.964 in., Vb =
115.11 kips, V2 = 49.56 kips, Mb = 1959.25 kip-ft, M2 = 594.65 kip-ft
13.4 (a) Floor displacements: u 1 (t) = 0.647D1 (t) + 0.353D2 (t),
u 2 = 1.341D1 (t) − 0.341D2 (t)
Joint rotations at first and second floors: u 3 (t) = (1/h)[−0.657D1 (t) +
0.082D2 (t)], u 5 (t) = (1/h) [−0.407D1 (t) + 0.572D2 (t)]
(b) Bending moments in first-story column:
Top: Ma = mh [0.216A1 (t) + 0.0473A2 (t)]
Bottom: Mb = mh [0.443A1 (t) + 0.0441A2 (t)]
Bending moment at ends of second-floor beam:
Ma = Mb = mh[−0.211A1 (t) + 0.0332A2 (t)]
13.5 (a) s1 = m 0.622 1.077 0.622T , s2 = m 0.333 0 − 0.167T ,
s3 = m 0.045 − 0.077 0.045T
(b) u 1 (t) = 0.622D1 (t) + 0.333D2 (t) + 0.045D3 (t),
u 2 (t) = 1.077D1 (t) − 0.077D3 (t),
u 3 (t) = 1.244D1 (t) − 0.333D2 (t) + 0.089D3 (t)
(c) V1 (t) = 2.321m A1 (t) + 0.167m A2 (t) + 0.012m A3 (t),
V2 (t) = 1.699m A1 (t) − 0.167m A2 (t) − 0.0326m A3 (t),
V3 (t) = 0.622m A1 (t) − 0.167m A2 (t) + 0.045m A3 (t)
(d) Mb (t) = mh [4.642A1 (t) − 0.167A2 (t) + 0.024A3 (t)]
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App. C Answers to Selected Problems 827

13.7 Peak values of total responses: u 1 = 0.580 in., u 2 = 0.957 in., u 3 = 1.103 in.,
Vb = 189.3 kips, V2 = 138.1 kips, V3 = 52.2 kips, Mb = 4321 kip-ft, M2 = 2268
kip-ft, M1 = 627 kip-ft
13.9 M1∗ = 2.3213m, M2∗ = 0.1667m, M3∗ = 0.0121m
h ∗1 = 2h, h ∗2 = −h, h ∗3 = 2h
13.11 (a) Floor displacements: u 1 (t) = 0.427D1 (t) + 0.377D2 (t) + 0.197D3 (t),
u 2 (t) = 1.007D1 (t) + 0.182D2 (t) − 0.189D3 (t),
u 3 (t) = 1.352D1 (t) − 0.508D2 (t) + 0.157D3 (t)
(b) Bending moments in first-story column:
Mtop = mh [0.301A1 (t) + 0.068A2 (t) + 0.023A3 (t)] ,
Mbase = mh [0.753A1 (t) + 0.084A2 (t) + 0.020A3 (t)]
Bending moments at ends of second floor beams:
Ma = Mb = mh [−0.541A1 (t) + 0.057A2 (t) + 0.003A3 (t)]

13.15 (a) s1 = m 0.849 0.594T , s2 = m −0.849 0.406T

(b) u 1 (t) = 0.283D1 (t) − 0.283D2 (t), u 2 (t) = 0.594D1 (t) + 0.406D2 (t)
(c) Mb (t) = 1.443m L A1 (t) − 0.443m L A2 (t)
13.17 (a) s1 = m  1.985 −0.774 0.774 T , s2 = m  3.015 0.774 −0.774 T ,
s3 =  0 0 0 T
(b) u 1 (t) = 0.397D1 (t) + 0.603D2 (t), u 2 (t) = −0.774D1 (t) + 0.774D2 (t),
u 3 (t) = 0.774D1 (t) − 0.774D2 (t)
(c) Mb (t) = 3.533m L A1 (t) + 1.467m L A2 (t), Ma (t) = −0.774m L A1 (t) +
0.774m L A2 (t)
13.23 (c) Peak responses: u 3o = 44.58 in., Vao = 0.879 kip, Vbo = 159.83 kips
(d) Seismic coefficients: 4.69 and 0.426 for appendage and for tower, respectively
13.25 (a) s1 = 0 0.1588 3.816T , s2 = 0.1649 0 0T ,
s3 = 0 0.0061 − 3.816T
(c) u x (t) = 0.7071D2 (t), u y (t) = 0.6809D1 (t) + 0.0262D3 (t), u θ (t) =
0.0011D1 (t) − 0.0011D3 (t)
(d) Vbx (t) = 0.1649A2 (t), Vby (t) = 0.1588A1 (t) + 0.0061A3 (t), Tb (t) =
3.816A1 (t) − 3.816A3 (t)
13.26 (d) Peak responses: u yo = 4.182 in., (b/2)u θ o = 1.22 in., Vbo = 35.6 kips,
Tbo = 1899 kip-in.
13.27 (a) s1 = m  0.603 −0.382 −0.305 T ,
s2 = m  0.043 −0.081 0.187 T ,
s3 = m  0.353 0.463 0.118 T
(b) u x (t) = 0.603D1 (t) + 0.043D2 (t) + 0.353D3 (t),
u y (t) = −0.382D1 (t) − 0.081D2 (t) + 0.463D3 (t),
u z (t) = −0.305D1 (t) + 0.187D2 (t) + 0.118D3 (t)
(c) Mx (t) = m L [−0.077A1 (t) − 0.268A2 (t) + 0.345A3 (t)] ,
M y (t) = m L [−0.908A1 (t) + 0.144A2 (t) − 0.235A3 (t)] ,
T (t) = m L [0.986A1 (t) + 0.124A2 (t) − 0.110A3 (t)]
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828 Answers to Selected Problems App. C

13.32 (i) u(t) = 0.8889u go sin 6.667t, u t (t) = 1.3889u go sin 6.667t,
M = −(3E I /L 2 )u(t); (ii) u(t) = 1.7778u go sin 6.667t,
u t (t) = 2.7778u go sin 6.667t, M = −(3E I /L 2 )u(t)

13.34 (a) u t1 (t) = 0.5u g (t) + 0.5u g (t − t  ) + 0.5D1 (t) +

0.5D1 (t − t  ) + 0D2 (t) + 0D2 (t − t  )
u 2 (t) = 0.3u g (t) − 0.3u g (t − t  ) + 0D1 (t) +
t

0D1 (t − t  ) + 0.15D2 (t) − 0.15D2 (t − t  )

Ma (t) = (E I /L 2 ) −28.8u g (t) + 28.8u g (t − t  ) +

m L 0.312A1 (t) + 0.312A1 (t − t  ) + 0.015A2 (t) − 0.015A2 (t − t  ) ; etc.

13.36 (a) u ty (t) = −0.088u g (t) + 0.088u g (t − t  ) − 0.126D1 (t) +

0.126D1 (t − t  ) + 0D2 (t) + 0D2 (t − t  ) +
0.038D3 (t) − 0.038D3 (t − t  ); etc.
Vax = −0.69u g (t) + 0.69u g (t − t  ) + 0.0025A1 (t) +
0.0389A2 (t) + 0.0057A3 (t) − 0.0025A1 (t − t  ) +
0.0389A2 (t − t  ) − 0.0057A3 (t − t  );
Vay = 0.5454u g (t) − 0.5454u g (t − t  ) − 0.0081A1 (t) +
0.0066A3 (t) + 0.0081A1 (t − t  ) − 0.0066A3 (t − t  ); etc.
13.38 (a) u t2 (t) = −0.2143u g (t) + 1.2143u g (t − t  ) − 0.3416D1 (t) −
0.0150D1 (t − t  ) + 0.1273D2 (t) + 1.2294D2 (t − t  )
(b) u t2 (t) = u g (t) − 0.3567D1 (t) + 1.3566D2 (t)

13.39 (a) u 1 = 1.43 in., u 2 = 2.96 in.

(b) First-story column: Mtop = 240, Mbase = 483 kip-ft
Second-floor beam: Mleft = Mright = 232 kip-ft

13.40 u 1 = 0.680 in., u 2 = 0.962 in.

Vb = 115.22 kips, V2 = 48.24 kips,
Mb = 1955.43 kip-ft, M1 = 578.87 kip-ft
13.41 (a) u 1 = 1.340 in., u 2 = 3.152 in., u 3 = 4.233 in.
(b) First-story column: Mtop = 336 kip-ft, Mbase = 821 kip-ft
Second-floor beam: Mleft = Mright = 590 kip-ft

13.47 u 1 = 1.207 in., u 2 = 2.484 in., Mb = 188.2 kip-in.

13.50 (a) u 1 = 1.57 in., u 2 = 3.01 in., u 3 = 3.01 in.
(b) Mb = 21.25 kip-ft, Ma = 7.38 kip-ft

13.54
u 3 (in.) Va (kips) Vb (kips)
SRSS 165.0 3.158 144.3
CQC 77.27 1.465 182.3
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App. C Answers to Selected Problems 829

13.58
u x (in.) u y (in.) (b/2)u θ (in.) Vx (kips) Vy (kips) T (kip-in.)
CQC 6.286 6.309 1.662 56.6 52.4 2331.4
SRSS 6.286 6.306 1.678 56.6 52.3 2357.8
Bending moments (kip-in.):
May Max Mby Mbx Mcy Mcx Mdy Md x
CQC 1108 1055 554.0 845.5 824.2 845.5 1648 1055
SRSS 1405 1050 702.7 847.1 702.7 847.1 1405 1050

13.59
Displacement SRSS Rule (in.) CQC Rule (in.)
ux 0.724 0.767
uy 0.470 0.544
uz 0.421 0.195

Response SRSS Rule (kip-in.) CQC Rule (kip-in.)

Mx 8.66 9.42
My 18.52 15.92
T 19.50 21.55
13.63 Mα = 11.21 kip-in. (SRSS rule) and 13.52 kip-in. (CQC rule)
13.67 (a) Mα = (A sin2 α + B sin α cos α + C cos2 α)1/2
where A = 343.1, B = −37.70, C = 75.00, all in kip-in. (SRSS rule);
A = 253.6, B = 122.3, C = 88.75 (CQC rule)
(b) Maximum value of Mα = 18.56 kip-in. at α = 86.0o (SRSS rule); Mα = 16.55
kip-in. at α = 71.7o (CQC rule)

Chapter 14

14.3 ω̃1 = 8.389, ω̃2 = 23.59 rad/sec

φ̃1 = 0.2319 0.4639 0.6311 0.7983 0.9332T
φ̃2 = −0.4366 − 0.8732 − 0.3396 0.1940 1.2126T
14.4 ω̃1 = 8.263, ω̃2 = 23.428 rad/sec
φ̃1 = 0.2319 0.4449 0.6753 0.8249 0.9038T
φ̃2 = −0.4366 − 0.4200 − 0.1042 0.2095 0.4108T

14.9 Peak values of displacements using:

Two Ritz vectors: 0.0548, 0.213, 0.460, 0.648, 0.757 in.
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830 Answers to Selected Problems App. C

Two modes: 0.0823, 0.205, 0.430, 0.646, 0.799 in.

Five modes: 0.0599, 0.202, 0.447, 0.613, 0.778 in.

Chapter 15

15.1–15.4 Check numerical results against the theoretical solution.

15.5 Check numerical results against Table E15.1.
15.6 Check numerical results against the theoretical solution.
15.7 Check numerical results against Table E15.2.
15.8 Check numerical results against the theoretical solution.
15.9 Check numerical results against Table E15.3.
15.10 Check numerical results against the theoretical solution.

Chapter 16

16.2 ωn = αn E I /m L 4 ; α1 = 15.42, α2 = 49.97, and α3 = 104.2
   
L 2W L 3 cos ω3 t cos ω5 t cos ω7 t
16.4 u ,t =− 4 cos ω1 t + + + + ···
2 π EI 81 625 2401
   
L 8 pL 4 1 − cos ω2 t 1 − cos ω6 t 1 − cos ω10 t
16.6 u ,t = 5 − + − ···
4 π EI 32 7776 100,000
16.7 u(L/2, t) = q1 (t) − q3 (t) + q5 (t) − q7 (t) − q9 (t) − · · ·
where qn (t) is given
 by (valid if ω n = nπ ν/L) 
2 po 1 ωn2 nπ ν (nπ ν/L)2
qn (t) = 1 − cos t + cos ω n t
nπm ωn2 ωn2 − (nπ ν/L)2 L ωn2 − (nπ ν/L)2
t ≤ L/ν
 
2 po 1 ωn2
qn (t) = 2− 1+ 2 (−1) cos ωn (t − td )
n
nπm ωn2 ωn − (nπ ν/L)2

(nπν/L)2
+ 2 cos ωn t t ≥ L/ν
ωn − (nπ ν/L)2
16.11 u o (L) = 7.410 in., Vbo = 1365 kips, Mbo = 186,503 kip-ft

Chapter 17
 
11.765 E I 130.467 E I
17.2 ω̃1 = , ω̃2 =
L2 mo L2 mo
φ̃1 (x) = 1.0 sin(πx/L) − 0.0036 sin(3πx/L)
φ̃2 (x) = 0.2790 sin(πx/L) + 0.9603 sin(3πx/L)
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App. C Answers to Selected Problems 831


17.3 (a) ωn = αn EI/mL 4 ; α1 = 9.9086, α2 = 43.818, α3 = 110.14, α4 = 200.80

(b) ω1 = 9.798 EI/mL 4

17.5 (a) ωn = αn EI/mL 4 ; α1 = 15.56, α2 = 58.41, α3 = 155.64

(b) ω1 = 14.81 EI/mL 4

17.6 (a) ωn = αn EI/mh 4 ; α1 = 1.5354, α2 = 4.0365, α3 = 10.7471
φ1 =  0.5440−0.5933/h −0.5933/h T
√ √
φ2 =  0 −1/ 2h 1/ 2h T
√ √
φ3 =  −0.0001 1/ 2h 1/ 2h T

17.7 ω1 = 1.477 EI/mh 4
φ =  0.544 −0.594/h −0.594/h T
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