Coordinate Geometry
Coordinate Geometry
Coordinate Geometry
PQ =√(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏 )𝟐 + (𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 )𝟐 .
Distance between any two points P(x1, 0) and Q(x2, 0) is given by
PQ = |𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏 |
Distance between any two points P(0, y1) and Q(0,y2) is given by
PQ = |𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 |
The coordinates of the point p which divides the line joining any two
points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) internally in the ratio m:n is given by
𝒎𝒙𝟐 + 𝒏𝒙𝟏 𝒎𝒚𝟐 + 𝒏𝒚𝟏
P(x, y) =( , 𝒎+𝒏 ).
𝒎+𝒏
The coordinates of the point p which divides the line joining any two
points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) externally in the ratio m:n is given by
𝒎𝒙𝟐 − 𝒏𝒙𝟏 𝒎𝒚𝟐 − 𝒏𝒚𝟏
P(x, y) =( , ).
𝒎−𝒏 𝒎−𝒏
The midpoint of a line joining any two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is given by
𝒙𝟏 +𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟏 +𝒚𝟐
M(x, y) =( , ).
𝟐 𝟐
If the ratio in which P divides two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is k:1, then
𝒌𝒙𝟐 + 𝒙𝟏 𝒌𝒚𝟐 + 𝒚𝟏
p =( , 𝒌+𝟏 ).
𝒌+𝟏
If (x1, y1) , (x2, y2) and (x3, y3) are the vertices of a triangle, then its centroid
is given by
𝒙𝟏 +𝒙𝟐 +𝒙𝟑 𝒚𝟏 +𝒚𝟐 +𝒚𝟑
G=( , ).
𝟑 𝟑
If three points are collinear, then the area of the triangle formed by these
points is zero.
If (x1, y1) , (x2, y2) and (x3, y3) are the vertices of a triangle ∆ABC such that
AB = a, BC = b and AC = c then its area is given by
If ‘𝛉’ is the angle made by a line with x-axis, then slope m = tan 𝛉.