Translated Copy of Translated Copy of DIN 58405-1
Translated Copy of Translated Copy of DIN 58405-1
Translated Copy of Translated Copy of DIN 58405-1
GERMAN STANDARDSengineering
May 1972
DIN 58 405
Sheet 1
spur gear drives for fine mechanics; scope, definitions, principal design data,
classification Engrenage cylindriques pour la mécanique de précision;
domaine d'application, définitions, valeurs déterminatives, classification
1. Introduction
1.3. Terms
2. Scope
2.5.teeth z
Number of
3. Definitions
3.2.2. Undercut
3.6. Backlash Sd
3. Tolerances for the diameter of the top circle on topped spur gears
4. Classification
Continuation Page 2 to 10
Committeein DNA
1.2.3. Module m
1.2.14. center distance a "in dual flank rolling tester with master gear
2.2 Quality and tolerance field according to DIN 58 405 Sheet 2 and center
distancedimension
5. Calculation
Sheet 4. Tables
Examples
1. Introduction
The runout is the one revolution of the center dimension workpiece about a
basic rack center in an agreed measurement. The center dimension is the
measure that corresponds to the arithmetic mean level measured difference
between the smallest and the largest and smallest.
greatest distance of the surface from the center of rotation. The runout
includes the out-of-roundness. Actual dimension The actual dimension is
theby measurement on a workpiece run-out
number numerically
determineddeviation.
Unparallelity
The upper dimension is the difference between the height and the height.
The non-parallelism is the deviation from the error-free, permissible
maximum dimension and the nominal dimension of a measured variable.
parallel position of two planes or two straight lines to large dimension minus
nominal size.
page 3
page 4
DIN
58405 sheet1,
1.3
Terms The terms defined in DIN 3960 shall apply mutatis mutandis to spur
gear units of precision engineering, unless otherwise specified below.
1.3.1. Gear fit A geared version (eg 7 J / 7 dc) is the pairing of two tolerated
gear gears (eg 7 dc) within a tolerated gearbase (eg 73).
1.3.2. overcut spur gears Top spur gears are gears in which the tooth gaps
and the head cylinder are produced by the same tool in one operation. The
diameter of the head cylinder can be used to control tooth thickness.
Center distance
Number ofbase tangent lengths -bzw.
Tooth Thickness Alllowance Figure 1. Location of Tolerance Fields for
GradeGear Fit7
Fields h and g according to DIN 3961 ff. Would result in a negative backlash
in replacement design, they are therefore not permitted for gear assemblies
according to this standard. See Note to Supplement 2 on page 2
since a perfect running of the gears in the transmission is ensured not only
by maintaining the center distance and tangent lengths- or Double conical
alllowance, but also by the additional errors the individual determinants of
the transmission elements is dependent, they are determined according to
the alllowance of the center distance and the base tangent lengths or Double
conical alllowance. in cases where the circumferential backlash can be large
without adversely affecting the function, the base tangent length or double
taper widths of several tolerance fields may be allowed while maintaining
the quality. Although the base tangent lengths of a toothed gear may deviate
within only one tolerance field, the fields of the series may deviate within the
specified tolerance ranges. To avoid confusion with the round fits, the figure
for the quality is set before the letters for the tolerance field (eg 7); 7f; 9ED).
The ranges and tolerances are defined in accordance with the education
laws in DIN 3961, unless deviating specifications had to be made because of
the special requirements of the precision engineering of DIN 3961.
During the transitional period and for certain special cases, DIN 867 with SK
>0,2.m until module 1 may also be used.
2.2. Module m
m - 0.2 to 3 mm
2.3.ProfileIIIIII shift
xx = - 0.5 to + 0.5)
10+
7571HHA
factor47ZZA
+77
2.4. Helix angle Bo
Те
70
7c
2.5.teeth z
z = 12 to 140
do <400 mm
2.7.
Base tangent length b for spur gears b = 10 m for helical spur gears b = 16.m
Gear gears outside this area of application must be specially recalculated
(see Note to Supplement 2 on page 2).
7 Ago
to I
AWO
77
See DIN 58 405 Part 2, page 2, footnote 3. 2) For topped spur gears, the
practically resulting
negative profile shift due to the tooth thickness alllowance will not fall under
this section 2.3.
Awu
fields7 J7f
DIN 58 405 page 1 page 5
The tip circle is the imaginary outer (in the case of an inner gear the inner)
limiting line of the toothing of a spur gear in a plane perpendicular to the
gear center . Its diameter is with basic rack profile according to DIN 58 400
and DIN 867 at the outer gear:
dk = do + 2m(x + y) - 2k.mn
dk = do + 2m, (x - y) + 2k.m,
k • m, = a - a0 - (x2 – x1) m,
7GT =
sino aos
a
The angle abs concerns
2tan Won (X
For spur gears without profile displacement with basic rack profile according
to DIN 58 400 (yw = 1,1, A yw = 0,1),
2,4 cos Bo
For straight and helical gears, the tolerance-dependent limit number zęt can
be found in Table 1 or in Figure 3. Table 1.
a=
Bo
The angle (bs results from
| 0o | 150 | 10 ° 15 ° | (179) 20 °
21 21 20 19 19 18
ev & bs =
19
22 - 21
with serration
with serration 19 19 18 17 | 17 | 16
Thus, for external and internal teeth: x is positive if the basic rack away
from the gear center , x negative if the basic rack profile is shifted towards
the gear center .
3.2.2. Undercut In the case of unmodified gears, the undercut of the tooth
flanks begins by a rack-and-pinion tool (tooth comb, hob, grinding gear) at a
calculatory limit number zg (theoretical limiting no. of teeths) corresponding
to an pressure angle αos and a addendum modification tool factor y wat the
basic rack profile of the tool
(11 ) is.
(13)
For the basic rack profile according to DIN 867 (yw = 1; delta delt yw = 0,1) is
(13)
Page 6 DIN 58 405 Sheet 1
Number of teeth z
Figure 4. Influence of the profile shift on the tolerance-dependent limit
number of teeth Zgt for spur gears with basic rack profile according to DIN
58 400
Figure 5. Influence of the profile shift on the tolerance-dependent limit
number of teeth Zot on spur gears with basic rack profile according to DIN
867
TIN
Sk= 0.2 m
HelixPeak limitUTUULILLProfile shiftfactor x
Number of teeth z
DIN 58 405 Sheet 1 Page 7
(187
(18)
shift
is required. For spur gears with z teeth applies to basic rack profile
according to DIN 58 400
and from Figure 5 as the smallest usable number of teeth of a spur gear
basic rack profile according to DIN 867 z = 10
The basic rack profile according to DIN 58 400 allows in use certain
minimum head reductions k min. m and certain profile displacements x.m
Numbers of teeth smaller than z = 13, see DIN 58 400.
(20)
2.57 are to be determined. The base tangent length is z. B. measured directly
by Zahnweitenschieblehre or Zahnweitenmeßschraube or indirectly in the
two-flank rolling test.
3.3. Contact ratio degree & The contact ratio ratio is the ratio of the
engagement distance to the base pitch in the frontal section, the ratio of the
smaller base tangent length b to the center pitch in the axial section. In the
face section one speaks of profile contact ratio, in the axial section of error
contact ratio. With spur gears, only profile contact occurs, with helical gears
profile and error contact ratio.
It is
(19)
gT
Εges = εp + εsp
3.4. base tangent length W The base tangent length W (auxiliary size for
measuring the tooth thickness, see DIN 3960 Figure 12) is the distance
between two parallel planes measured over z 'teeth, each of which touches a
right and a left flank in the vicinity of the circle. The base tangent lengths w
'for spur gears without profile displacement as a function of the modules and
helix angles listed in Section 2 can be found in the tables in DIN 58 405 Part
4, Section 1. The base tangent length W is then
W = w '+ ΔW where
ΔW = 2 x. m. sinαon (20 a)
For unmodified gears W = w '. The number of teeth z 'is the tables in DIN 58
405 Sheet 4, Section 1, refer to the assigned base tangent lengths. For the
nominal sizes of the spur gears which are outside the scope of application of
Section 2, the base tangent lengths according to DIN 3960 Section
3.5. Double taper N The double taper N for external gear teeth (auxiliary for
measuring tooth thicknesses, Figures 6 and 7) is the distance between the
faces of two truncated cones (one standard is in preparation), each touching
a right and left flank above the base circle. Thus, the contact of the two
Meßkegel with the tooth flanks is safe in the usable range of the tooth flanks,
it should take place outside of the pressure angle «= 0 to 50. If the number of
teeth is even, the measuring cones lie in opposite tooth gaps, and the
measuring center (common center of the measuring cones) passes through
the toothed gear blank(Figure 7). If the number of teeth is odd, the measuring
cones lie in the tooth spaces that are closest to each other, but the
measuring center does not pass through the center of the tooth (Figure 6).
cos from
page 8
Measuring cone 3)
Figure 7. Two-conical measurement with straight number of teeth
3.5.1. Double helix for unmodified gears For a helical gear with values
according to Section 2 and a head height of the measuring cone, the nominal
dimension N of the double helix is
N = do -2h M
(21) or in relation to the width bm of
the taper of the measuring cone
3.5.2. Double helix for V-gears The nominal dimension N of the double helix
of a helical gear with values according to section 1 of a head height of the
measuring cone hkm and profile displacement is
N = do + 2x.m - 2 hkM
(23)
N = do + 2 xom12ao (24)
2 = 21
Ett
3.6.1. With absolute tolerance addition The backlash Sd, is the arc of the
pitch circle, by which each of the two gears can be rotated while holding the
mating gear from the system of the right flanks to the plant of the left flanks.
Without taking into account the statistical tolerancing - when using the
alllowance for base tangent length and center distance - it is composed of
the proportions of both alllowance. For zero, V-zero and V-transmission, the
following applies to slant
For spur gears, tanαbs = tanαb and cos Bo = 1. To determine the largest and
smallest circumferential backlash with 100% tolerance addition, the
influence of the bearing clearance as well as the permissible eccentricity
deviation of the shafts must be taken into account. To the shaft belong, apart
from the gear, all rotating parts, z. B. intermediate bushes, inner rings of
rolling bearings, etc. (see DIN 58 405 sheet 2, footnote 14). For zero, V-zero
and V-gears,:
For spur gears tan abs = tan ab and cos Bo = 1. If the two-conical
size alllowance are used instead of the base tangent length alllowance, the
factor 1.064 changes to 2.747.
Page 9
3.6.2. In the case of statistical tolerance addition The tolerance of the mean
circumferential backlash Sdm, which is to be expected according to
statistical principles, and which is not exceeded in virtually all cases, results
from the use of statistical tolerancing. (See DIN 7186 in conjunction with the
Explanatory Notes to this standard). In simple terms, the mean
circumferential backlash can be calculated with sufficient accuracy by
determining Sdmax and Sdmin from equations (25) and (26) and inserting
them in the following equation.
If Sdmax and Sd min are determined from Equations (27) and (28), equation
(29 c) applies.
(29 d)
where do is the pitch circle diameter of the playing spur gear of a pairing
4. Division
Table 2.
-
Page 10
General gearing standards DIN 780 Modular series for gears DIN 867 Basic
rack profile for spur gears with involute gearing for general engineering DIN
3960 Determination variables and errors on spur gears; Basic Terms (August
1960 edition) DIN 3967 Tolerances for spur gear toothing according to DIN
867; Explanations
Gear standards of precision engineering DIN 58 400 Basic rack profile for
helical gears with involute toothing for precision engineering DIN 58 405
page 2 Helical gears of precision engineering; Getriebepassungsauswahl;
tolerances; Alllowance
Blatt 2 ---; -, Modul über 0,6 bis 1,6 Blatt 3 -; -, Modul über 1,6 bis 4
Ausländische Normen BS 978: Part 1: 1962 Fine Pitch Gears, Involute Spur
and Helical Gears AGMA 236.04 Inspection of Fine Pitch Gears AGMA 390.01
Manuel for Spur, Helical and Herringbone Gears