Year 12 Trial Exam Paper

2016
MATHEMATICAL METHODS
Written examination 2
Reading time: 15 minutes
Writing time: 2 hours

STUDENT NAME:
QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK
Structure of book
Number of Number of questions Number of
questions to be answered marks

20 20 20
5 5 60
Total 80

 Students are permitted to bring the following items into the examination: pens, pencils,
highlighters, erasers, sharpeners, rulers, a protractor, set squares, aids for curve sketching, one
bound reference, one approved technology (calculator or software) and, if desired, one scientific
calculator. Calculator memory DOES NOT need to be cleared. For approved computer-based CAS,
full functionality may be used.
 Students are NOT permitted to bring blank sheets of paper and/or correction liquid/tape into the
examination.
Materials provided
 Question and answer book of 23 pages.
 Formula sheet.
 Answer sheet for multiple-choice questions.
Instructions
 Write your name in the box provided above on this page, and on your answer sheet for multiple-
choice questions.
 Unless otherwise indicated, the diagrams in this book are not drawn to scale.
 You must answer the questions in English.

Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones or any other unauthorised electronic devices
into the examination.
This trial examination produced by Insight Publications is NOT an official VCAA paper for the 2016 Mathematical Methods
written examination 2.
The Publishers assume no legal liability for the opinions, ideas or statements contained in this trial exam.
This examination paper is licensed to be printed, photocopied or placed on the school intranet and used only within the
confines of the purchasing school for examining their students. No trial examination or part thereof may be issued or passed
on to any other party including other schools, practising or non-practising teachers, tutors, parents, websites or publishing
agencies without the written consent of Insight Publications.
Copyright © Insight Publications 2016
2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2 2

SECTION A – Multiple-choice questions

Instructions for Section A

Answer all questions in pencil on the multiple-choice answer sheet.
Select the response that is correct for the question.
A correct answer scores 1 mark, whereas an incorrect answer scores 0.
Marks will not be deducted for incorrect answers.
If more than one answer is selected, no marks will be awarded.
Unless otherwise indicated, the diagrams in this book are not drawn to scale.

Question 1
The point P (–3, 2) lies on the graph of the function f. The graph of the function f is reflected
in the x-axis and then translated 4 units vertically up.
The coordinates of the final image of P are
A. (3, 6)

B. (  1, 2 )

C. (  3, 2 )

D. (  3, 6 )

E. (  3,  6)

Question 2
The linear function f : D  R , f ( x )  2  2 x has range [0, 6).
The domain D of the function is
A. (  10, 2]

B. (  2, 1]

C. [  2, 1]

D. [  2, 1)

E. (  1, 2)

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 3 2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2

Question 3
The area of the region enclosed by the graph of y  x  x  1 x  3 and the x-axis is
32
A. square units
3
32
B. square units
3
7
C. square units
12
71
D. square units
6
45
E. square units
4

Question 4
Let f be a function with domain R such that f (4)  0 and f '( x)  0 when x  4.
At x  4, the graph of f has a
A. local maximum.
B. local minimum.
C. gradient of 4.

D. gradient of 1 .
4
E. stationary point of inflection.

Question 5
The random variable X has a normal distribution with mean 10 and variance of 4.
If Z has a standard normal distribution, then the probability that X is less than 8 is equal to
A. P r( Z   1)

B. Pr( Z   0.5)

C. Pr( Z  1)

D. Pr( Z  0.5)

E. Pr( Z  1)

SECTION A – continued
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2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2 4

Question 6
The function f : D  R with rule f  x   x 2 e x will have an inverse function for

A. DR
B. D  R
C. D  [  2,  )

D. D  (  ,  2)

E. D  (  2,  )

Question 7

 f  x dx  4, then   3  2 f  x  dx

5 5
If is equal to
1 1

A. 7
B. 6
C. 20
D. 4
E. 5

Question 8
1
The inverse of f : R   R, f ( x)   2 is
x
1
A. f 1 : (2, )  R, f 1 ( x) 
( x  2) 2
1 1
B. f : R   R, f 1
( x)  2
x2
C. f 1 : R   R, f 1 ( x)  ( x  2) 2
1
D. f 1 : (2, )  R, f 1 ( x) 
( x  2) 2
1
E. f 1 : (, 2)  R, f 1 ( x) 
( x  2) 2

Copyright © Insight Publications 2016 SECTION A – continued

 5 2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2

Question 9
Which one of the following satisfies the functional equation f ( f ( x ))  x for every value of x?

A. f ( x)  4 x

B. f ( x)  4 x 2
C. f ( x)  4  x
D. f ( x)  4  x
E. f ( x)  4 x

Question 10

For events A and B, Pr( A  B )  k , Pr( A  B )  2 k and Pr( A  B )  3 k  1 .

5
If A and B are independent, then the value of k is
A. 0
1
B.
2
3
C.
7
5
D.
13
3
E.
8

Question 11
The transformation T : R 2  R 2 with the rule

  x    2 0   x   2 
T       
  y    0 1   y   1

maps the line with equation 2 x  y  5 onto the line with equation
A. x y 4
B. x  y  4
C. 4x  y  0
D. 4 x  y  5
E.  x  y  4

SECTION A – continued
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2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2 6

Question 12
The domain of the function h, where h( x)  sin(log e ( x)) is chosen such that h is a one-to-one
function.
Which one of the following could be the domain?
 2 
A. 0, e 
 
  2 2 
B. e , e 
 

C.  e   , e 

D. e , e 

 2 2 
E.  e , e 
 

Question 13
If X is a continuous random variable such that Pr( X  8)  b and Pr( X  10)  a , then
P r( X  8 | X  10) is
b 1
A.
a 1
b
B.
a
b 1
C.
1 a
b 1
D.
a
b
E.
a 1

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 7 2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2

Question 14
Ben has a rectangular piece of cardboard that is 10 cm long and 8 cm wide. Ben cuts 4
identical squares, one from each corner, of side length x centimetres as shown in the diagram
below.

Ben turns up the sides to form an open box.

The value of x for which the volume of the box is a maximum is closest to
A. 52.51
B. 52.52
C. 1.47
D. 1.48
E. 1.46

SECTION A – continued
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2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2 8

Question 15
 
The function with rule f ( x)  4 tan  2 x   has period
 2
2
A.

B. 2
1
C.
2
1
D.
4
E. 2

Question 16
The continuous random variable X with probability density function p ( x ) has mean 5 and
variance 3.

The value of 
2 x 2 p( x) dx is

A. 16
B. 28
C. 68
D. 56
E. 8

Question 17
Let the random variable P̂ represent a sample proportion observed in an experiment.

If p  1 , what is the smallest integer value of the sample size such that the standard deviation
6
1
of P̂ is less than or equal to ?
216
A. 30
B. 6480
C. 180
D. 1600
E. 16

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 9 2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2

Question 18
An exit poll of 1000 voters found that 620 favoured candidate A.
An approximate 90% confidence interval for the proportion of voters from the total
population in favour of candidate A is

 0.62  0.38 0.62  0.38 

A.  0.62  , 0.62  
 1000 1000 

 0.62  0.38 0.62  0.38 

B.  0.62  1.65 , 0.62  1.65 
 1000 1000 

 0.62  0.38 0.62  0.38 

C.  0.62  2.58 , 0.62  2.58 
 1000 1000 

 0.62  0.38 0.62  0.38 

D.  620  1.96 , 620  1.96 
 1000 1000 

 0.62  0.38 0.62  0.38 

E.  0.62  , 0.62  
 620 620 

Question 19
Assume that f ( x )  g ( x ) with f (1)  5 and g ( x )   x f ( x). Then f ( x ) 
A. g ( x )  10 x  10
B. g ( x )  10
C. g ( x )  10 x
D. g ( x)  x
E. g ( x )  10

SECTION A – continued
Copyright © Insight Publications 2016 TURN OVER
2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2 10

Question 20
The graph of h is shown below.

(6, 10) (10, 10)

(1, 4) (15, 4)

The average value of h is closest to

A. 9.86
B. 8.86
C. 5.86
D. 6.86
E. 7.86

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 11 2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2

SECTION B

Instructions for Section B

Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
In all questions where a numerical answer is required, an exact value must be given unless
otherwise specified.
For questions where more than one mark is available, appropriate working must be shown.
Unless otherwise stated, diagrams are not drawn to scale.

Question 1 (8 marks)
The depth of snow covering a particular section of the Victorian Alps during a short time in
 t 
June can be modelled by the equation d (t )  87  11sin   , where d is the depth of the
 6 
snow in centimetres and t is the number of hours from 6 am on 1 June 2015.

a. Find the period and the amplitude of the function d.

2 marks
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b. Find the maximum and minimum snow depth in this location.

2 marks
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c. Find d 10  .
1 mark
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d. Over the 12 hours from 6 am on 1 June 2015, find the percentage of time when the
depth of the snow is more than 5 m greater than the value of d(10). Give your answer
correct to two decimal places.
3 marks
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______________________________________________________________________

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SECTION B – continued
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2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2 12

Question 2 (13 marks)

The function f is defined as f : R  R , where f ( x)  x m e(  nx  n ) and m and n are positive
integers.
The graph of y  f ( x ) is shown below.

a. Let m = 2 and n = 3.
i. Find the value of x, for x  0 , such that f ( x )  1 . Give your answer correct to
three decimal places.
1 mark
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ii. State the values of x, correct to 3 decimal places, such that f ( x )  1 .

2 marks
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iii. Find the coordinates of the stationary point marked as A.

1 mark
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 13 2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2

b. Find the coordinates of the point on the graph at which the tangent drawn to f passes
through the origin.
3 marks
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c. For f : R  R , where f ( x)  x m e(  nx  n ) and m and n are unknown,

i. Show that the stationary point at A occurs at x  m .

n
3 marks
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ii. Show that the only tangents drawn to curve that pass through the origin are at
m 1
x  0 and x  .
n
3 marks
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SECTION B – continued
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2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2 14

Question 3 (18 marks)

Tom is a keen gardener and owns a garden nursery. He specialises in tomato plants and grows
two varieties—cherry tomatoes and roma tomatoes.
The height in centimetres of the cherry tomato plants that Tom is selling is normally
distributed with a mean of 15 cm and a standard deviation of 4 cm. There are 4000 cherry
tomato plants in his nursery.
a. Tom classifies the tallest 15% of his cherry tomato plants as advanced.
What is the minimum height of an advanced tomato plant, correct to the nearest
millimetre?
1 mark
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Tom thinks that some of his cherry tomato plants are not growing quickly enough and decides
to move them to a special greenhouse. He will move the cherry tomato plants that are less
than 9 cm in height.
b. How many cherry tomato plants will Tom move to the greenhouse? Give your answer
correct to the nearest whole number.
2 marks
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Copyright © Insight Publications 2016 SECTION B – Question 3 – continued

 15 2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2

The height, x centimetres, of the roma tomatoes in the nursery follows the probability
distribution density function where

   ( x  6) 
k sin 
h( x )    , 6  x  16
 10 
0, otherwise



c. Show that k  .
20
2 marks
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d. State the mean height of a roma tomato plant at the nursery.

1 mark
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SECTION B – Question 3 – continued

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2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2 16

Tom thinks that the smallest 10% of the roma plants should be given a fertilizer.
e. Find the maximum height correct to the nearest millimetre of a roma tomato plant that
should be given a fertilizer.
2 marks
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Tom classifies his roma tomato plants as either standard or tall. He knows that 20% of his
roma tomato plants are tall.
A customer, Katie, selects five roma tomato plants. She chooses each plant individually and
finds that her decision on which plant to choose depends on her previous choice. If she
1
chooses a tall plant then she has a probability of of choosing a tall plant as her next plant. If
4
2
she chooses a standard plant then she has a probability of of choosing a standard plant as
3
her next plant. The first one she chooses is tall.
f. What is the probability that of the next four plants he chooses exactly two tall plants?
2 marks
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 17 2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2

Tom also has parsley plants in his nursery. He obtains his parsley plants from growers all over
Australia. It is known that 30% will be prone to a particular leaf disease.
Tom decides to test his plants for the leaf disease. He takes a random sample of 20 parsley
plants.
g. i. What is the probability that the sample proportion is equal to the population
proportion of 0.3? Give your answer correct to four decimal places. Do not use a
normal approximation.
2 marks
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ii. What is the probability that the sample proportion lies within two standard
deviations of the population proportion? Give your answer correct to four decimal
places. Do not use a normal approximation.
3 marks
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SECTION B – Question 3 – continued

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2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2 18

While testing for the leaf disease, Tom sees that some of his plants are infested with a leaf
moth. He finds that 236 plants out of 500 are infested with the leaf moth.
h. Find an approximate 95% confidence interval for the proportion of plants infested with
the leaf moth. Give your answer correct to three decimal places.
1 mark
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Large numbers of nursery owners from around Australia independently sample parsley plants
from their stocks and test for leaf disease. Each calculates an approximate 95% confidence
interval for p, the proportion of plants in the population infested with the leaf moth. It is found
that on average for every 27 of these confidence intervals exactly one does not contain the
value of p.
Researchers investigating the prevalence of leaf moth randomly select five of the confidence
intervals calculated by the nursery owners.
i. What is the probability that exactly three of the selected confidence intervals contain the
value of p? Give your answer correct to four decimal places.
2 marks
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 19 2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2

Question 4 (11 marks)

Let f : R  R, f ( x)    x  2  6  x   x 2  12  and g : R  R, g ( x)  64 x  x 4 .

a. 
Express 64 x  x 4 in the form x(a  x)  x  b   c .
2

2 marks
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b. Describe the transformations that map the graph of y  g ( x) onto the graph of
y  f ( x) .
1 mark
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c. Find the values of d such that the graph of y  f ( x  d ) has

i. only negative x-intercepts.
1 mark
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ii. at least one positive x-intercept.

1 mark
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SECTION B – Question 4 – continued

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2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2 20

d. Find the value of n, correct to two decimal places, for which the equation g ( x)  n has
one solution.
1 mark
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Let h( x)  kx  x 4
4
 k 3
e. Show that for n  3   , the equation h( x)  n has exactly one solution.
4
3 marks
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 21 2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2

f. i. Find the area bounded by the graph of y  g ( x ) and the x-axis.

1 mark
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 x 
ii. Hence find the area bounded by the x-axis and the graph of y  f   .
 2 
1 mark
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SECTION B – continued
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2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2 22

Question 5 (10 marks)

A soft drink company manufactures soft drink in cylindrical cans of volume V cm3.
1 1
V3 4V 3
The height of the can is h cm and the radius of the can is r cm where r .
9 3
a. Express h in terms of r and V.
1 mark
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2V
b. Show that the total surface area A cm2 of the can is given by A   2 r 2 .
r
2 marks
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c. Find, in terms of V, the value of r so that the surface area of the can is a minimum. You
do not need to justify the nature of the stationary point.
2 marks
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 23 2016 MATHMETH EXAM 2

2 1
d. The minimum surface area can be written in the form aV 3 (b  ) 3 .
State the values of a and b.
3 marks
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e. Find, in terms of V, the maximum possible surface area of the can.

2 marks
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END OF QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK

Copyright © Insight Publications 2016