Technical Information

EVP 002205 e, September 2006

supersedes EVP 002205 e, December 2005

Page 1 of 8

®
= registered trademark of ®
BASF Aktiengesellschaft,
unless otherwise indicated
Basacid
dyes

anionic dyes, readily soluble/thinnable in water, for the color-

ation of crop protection agents, fertilizers, industrial cleaners,
antifreeze and wood preservatives, writing inks, ink-jet inks
etc.

Range

Nature Colour Index

part 1 part 2
®
Basacid Black X34 liquid blend – –
Basacid® Black X38 liquid – – –
Basacid® Black X40 liquid azo/1:2 chromium complex Acid Black 194 –
Basacid® Yellow 093 liquid quinoline Acid Yellow 3 47 005
Basacid® Yellow 099 liquid quinoline Acid Yellow 51 47 035
Basacid® Yellow 133 E azo Acid Yellow 23 19 140
Basacid® Orange 282 liquid azo Acid Orange 71 15 510
Basacid® Red 316 xanthene Acid Red 87 45 380
Basacid® Red 400 E azo Acid Red 18 16 255
Basacid® Red 495 liquid monoazo Reactive Red 24:1 –
Basacid® Blue 762 liquid Cu phthalocyanine Direct Blue 199 –
Basacid® Green 970 nitroso Acid Green 1 10 020

Physical form powder and liquid grades

Shelf life According to our experience, Basacid® powder dyes can be stored
for at least 5 years from the date of delivery, provided they are kept
dry and in their unopened original containers. Like most organic
compounds, however, they are combustible, a point to be consid-
ered for storage. According to our experience, the liquid dyes can
be stored in unopened original containers for at least 2 years from
the date of delivery.

1
different cation
EVP 002205 e, September 2006 Page 2 of 8 Basacid® dyes

Properties

Spectral transmittance The spectral transmittance of the dyes in double-distilled water

was measured with a Zeiss DMC 26 spectrophotometer. The
concentration of each dye was chosen so that a layer of solution
1 cm thick produced an absorptivity of 1 at the absorption
maximum.

The following table shows the concentrations required to achieve

this and the associated absorption maxima:

table 1 concentration at which 1 cm absorption maximum

layer of solution produces an
absorptivity of 1
[mg/l] [nm]
®
Basacid Black X34 liquid 96.9 580
Basacid® Black X38 liquid 104.2 568
Basacid® Black X40 liquid 182.1 571
Basacid® Yellow 093 liquid 65.1 419
Basacid® Yellow 099 liquid 57.7 449
Basacid® Yellow 133 E 22.7 427
Basacid® Orange 282 liquid 42.2 485
Basacid® Red 316 11.4 514
Basacid® Red 400 E 33.4 508
Basacid® Red 495 liquid 99.6 532
Basacid® Blue 762 liquid 108.5 610
Basacid® Green 970 104.2 717

pH value A 1 % aqueous solution of the Basacid® dye was prepared with

bidistilled water. 2 ml of a 10 % potassium chloride solution was
added to 100 ml of this solution and the pH measured with a glass
electrode. The pH of the liquid dyes was measured in the dyes as
supplied.

Bulk volume/bulk density The figures quoted indicate the average volume occupied by a unit
mass of dye and are expressed in l/kg for powder dyes and kg/l for
liquid dyes.

Fastness to light The fastness to light was determined on paper dip dyeings. The
dye concentration in the dye bath was 10 g/l. The exposed
specimens were assessed on the eight-step blue wool scale where

1 = very poor
8 = outstanding

Since light fastness depends on many factors, users of the dyes

must test it in the appropriate application medium. The values
quoted in the table below are provided only as a guide to dye
selection.
EVP 002205 e, September 2006 Page 3 of 8 Basacid® dyes

table 2 pH value bulk volume fastness to shade

light
Basacid® Black X34 liquid 6.7 1.1 1–2
Basacid® Black X38 liquid 7.1 1.1 1–2
Basacid® Black X40 liquid 6.5 1.1 5–6
Basacid® Yellow 093 liquid 6.3 1.1 4
Basacid® Yellow 099 liquid 8.6 1.1 1–2
Basacid® Yellow 133 E 6.2 2.0 6
Basacid® Orange 282 liquid 2.5 1.1 3
Basacid® Red 316 7.6 1.6 2
Basacid® Red 400 E 6.8 2.0 3
Basacid® Red 495 liquid 7.5 1.1 1–2
Basacid® Blue 762 liquid 8.2 1.1 5
Basacid® Green 970 8.5 1.6 4

Solubility of the powder dyes The Basacid® dyes are technical-grade products and may therefore
contain small amounts of impurities insoluble in water. Once the
dye has been dissolved in water, these impurities can usually be
easily removed by allowing the solutions to stand for some time
and then decanting. Occasionally, for example in the case of vis-
cous solutions, the impurities are best removed by filtering.

The solubility of the dyes in water was determined by boiling for a

brief period and filtering the hot solution. The solubility values rep-
resent the maximum dye concentration at which no dye crystallizes
out after 24 hours’ storage at room temperature.

The solubility of the powder dyes in various organic solvents was

determined as follows:

Small amounts of dye are gradually added to the solvent at room

temperature (22–25 °C [72–77 °F]). After each addition, the mixture
is shaken to dissolve the dye. The procedure is continued until a
significant amount of dye remains undissolved. Any insoluble salts,
extenders and the like are disregarded.

The solubility figures represent the amount of dye in g/l that almost
completely dissolves in the solvent concerned.

If dye solutions are to remain stable over long periods, the con-
centration should be lower than that given in the table.

Basonyl® dyes and Neozapon® dyes are more readily soluble in

organic solvents. For further details, please refer to the relevant
Technical Information bulletins.
EVP 002205 e, September 2006 Page 4 of 8 Basacid® dyes

table 3

ethanol 99.5 %

methyl diglycol
ethylene glycol
ethanol 80 %

ethyl diglycol
diethylene

propylene
glycerin
glycol

glycol
water
Basacid® Yellow 133 E 150 0.5 300 300 200 100 n.d. n.d. n.d.
Basacid® Red 316 400 30 30 > 500 > 500 > 500 > 500 40 120
Basacid® Red 400 E 350 n.d. 2 300 300 100 40 n.d. n.d.
Basacid® Green 970 20 1 2 30 100 100 70 2 30

Miscibility of the liquid dyes The liquid dyes were diluted to 10 g/l or 100 g/l with the relevant
solvents. The storage stability, and in particular any sediment
formed, was evaluated after seven days.

table 4
ethanol 99.5 %

methyl diglycol
ethylene glycol
ethanol 80 %

ethyl diglycol
diethylene

propylene
glycerin
glycol

glycol
water
[g/l]

Basacid® Black X34 liquid 10 z | | z z z z € |

100 z | | z z z z | |
Basacid® Black X38 liquid 10 z | € z z z z | |
100 z | | z z z z | |
Basacid® Black X40 liquid 10 z € | z z z z z €
100 z € | z z z z z |
Basacid® Yellow 093 liquid 10 z | | z € z € | €
100 z | | z € z | | |
Basacid® Yellow 099 liquid 10 z | z z z z z z z
100 z z z z z z z | |
Basacid® Orange 282 liquid 10 z z z z z z z z z
100 z | z z z z z z z
Basacid® Red 495 liquid 10 z | z z z z z z z
100 z | | z z z z z z
Basacid® Blue 762 liquid 10 z | | z z z z z z
100 z | | z z z z z z

z = perfect solution
€ = trace of sediment
| = appreciable sediment

Resistance to acids and alkalis The dye was tested in the following media (dye concentration in
each case 1 g/l):

acetic acid 1 %
sulfuric acid 1 %
hydrochloric acid 30 %
phosphoric acid 85 %
sodium hydroxide 1 %
sodium carbonate 1 %
ammonia 1 %
EVP 002205 e, September 2006 Page 5 of 8 Basacid® dyes

After three days the solutions were compared with corresponding

solutions of the dyes in distilled water.

table 5

ammonia 1 %
hydrochloric
sulfuric acid

phosphoric
acetic acid

acid 30 %

acid 85 %

carbonate
hydroxide
sodium

sodium
1%

1%

1%

1%
Basacid® Black X34 liquid € | | | | € z
Basacid® Black X38 liquid € | | | € z z
Basacid® Black X40 liquid € € | € € € €
Basacid® Yellow 093 liquid z z | | | | |
Basacid® Yellow 099 liquid z z | € € z z
Basacid® Yellow 133 E z € z z | | |
Basacid® Orange 282 liquid z z | | | € €
Basacid® Red 316 € | | | € z z
Basacid® Red 400 E z | | | | z €
Basacid® Red 495 liquid z z z z € z z
Basacid® Blue 762 liquid € € | | z z z
Basacid® Green 970 z | | | z z z

z = no change
€ = slight change
| = pronounced change

pH stability 0.1 % aqueous solutions of all Basacid® dyes were prepared in

distilled water. These solutions were thinned with buffer solutions
to 20 ppm concentrations for the Basacid® powder dyes and
40 ppm concentrations for the Basacid® liquid dyes and the pH
adjusted. After 5 days of storage at room temperatures, the solu-
tions were compared with corresponding purely aqueous solutions
to determine the pH ranges in which the shade remains stable.

table 6 pH 1 pH 2–4 pH 5–8 pH 9–11 pH ≥ 12

Basacid® Black X34 liquid z |
Basacid® Black X38 liquid z |
Basacid® Black X40 liquid z |
Basacid® Yellow 093 liquid | z z |
Basacid® Yellow 099 liquid z z z
Basacid® Yellow 133 E | z z z
Basacid® Orange 282 liquid z z z |
Basacid® Red 316 z z
Basacid® Red 400 E z z z z
Basacid® Red 495 liquid z z z z
Basacid® Blue 762 liquid z z |
Basacid® Green 970 z z |

z = The dye solution remains unchanged.

| = The dye solution changed somewhat.
EVP 002205 e, September 2006 Page 6 of 8 Basacid® dyes

Resistance to reducing agents The resistance to the following reducing agents was determined:

3% solution of sodium hydrogen sulfite made slightly acidic with

0.5 % acetic acid
5 % solution of sodium dithionite made slightly alkaline with 0.5 %
sodium hydroxide solution

In all cases, the dye concentration was 1 g/l. The solutions were
compared after 24 hours with solutions of the same dye concen-
tration in distilled water.

Resistance to oxidizing agents The dyes were tested in 20 % solutions of hydrogen peroxide. The
concentrations were 1 g/l. After 3 days, a corresponding solution in
distilled water was used for comparison.

table 7 reducing agent oxidizing agent

sodium hydrogen sodium dithionite hydrogen peroxide
sulfite 3%, acidified 5%, alkaline 20 %
with acetic acid 24 hours 3 days
24 hours
Basacid® Black X34 liquid € | z
Basacid® Black X38 liquid | | |
Basacid® Black X40 liquid € | |
Basacid® Yellow 093 liquid € € €
Basacid® Yellow 099 liquid z | …
Basacid® Yellow 133 E z | z
Basacid® Orange 282 liquid | | z
Basacid® Red 316 | | |
Basacid® Red 400 E | | z
Basacid® Red 495 liquid z | z
Basacid® Blue 762 liquid z | €
Basacid® Green 970 … | …

z = no change
€ = slight change
| = pronounced change
… = decolorized

Application

Industrial cleaners Basacid® dyes can be used for coloring liquid cleaners. Since there
can be large differences in the composition and properties of
cleaners (e. g., pH), the dye for a particular product must be select-
ed on the basis of the resistance tables above. In each case the
suitability of the dye must be specifically tested.

The amount of Basacid® dye added is usually 0.01–0.1 %, de-

pending on the desired depth of shade.

Basacid® dyes are suitable for the partial coloration of dishwasher

tablets. If the dyes are to be used in cleaners in tablet form that
come into contact with textiles, they should first be tested to en-
sure that they do not stain the textiles.
EVP 002205 e, September 2006 Page 7 of 8 Basacid® dyes

Fertilizers Fertilizers are often dyed for identification purposes. Suitable

Basacid® dyes for this purpose can be selected on the basis of the
resistance tables above. Depending on the depth of shade desired,
the application rate is 40–80 g/l fertilizer concentrate.

Antifreezes Antifreezes generally contain alcohols (glycols) and corrosion in-

hibitors. The dye concentration ranges from 10 to 100 g/l. It is ad-
visable to prepare concentrated stock solutions, heating them to
dissolve the dyes. The stock solutions are filtered and then added
to the antifreeze. The compatibility of the dye with the corrosion
inhibitor in the antifreeze must be specifically tested.

Wood preservatives Fluoride and difluoride wood preservatives are colored in order to
distinguish treated wood from untreated. Suitable dyes may be
selected on the basis of the resistance data above.

Crop protection agents Insecticides, fungicides and herbicides are frequently dyed for
identification and warning purposes. The Basacid® dyes can be
recommended for this application, but processors must carry out
prior compatibility tests.

Inks All Basacid® powder dyes that are sufficiently soluble in water are
suitable for water-based inks for fiber-tip pens, fine-liner pens and
ink rollers. It is a big advantage to use Basacid® liquid dyes, be-
cause they have a very low salt content, and their non-dusting form
allows clean handling. Basacid® Orange 282 liquid, which contains
acid and can cause corrosion, should not be used in inks. In gen-
eral, the effect of dyes on writing instruments that are liable to
corrode should first be tested. Dyes should also be tested to de-
termine whether they wash out of textiles.

In some countries, fiber-tip pens are subject to toy regulations and

standards. For instance, European Standard 71 imposes restric-
tions on the heavy-metal content of finished pens. Further informa-
tion on this subject is available on request.

Ink-jet inks For water-based ink-jet inks, we recommend Basacid® Yellow 099
liquid, Basacid® Red 495 liquid, Basacid® Blue 762 liquid and the
Basacid® Black grades.

Of the black grades, Basacid® Black X38 liquid is faster to water

than Basacid® Black X34 liquid.

Basacid® Black X40 liquid deserves special mention, because it is

very lightfast and, under certain conditions, also very fast to water.

Basacid® dyes can also be used for a number of other applications.

Wherever it is necessary to color aqueous systems, the use of
Basacid® dyes should be considered.
EVP 002205 e, September 2006 Page 8 of 8 Basacid® dyes

Safety

When handling these products, advice and information given in the

safety data sheet must be complied with. Further, protective and
workplace hygiene measures adequate for handling chemicals
must be observed.

Note

The data contained in this publication are based on our current

knowledge and experience. In view of the many factors that may
affect processing and application of our product, these data do not
relieve processors from carrying out their own investigations and
tests; neither do these data imply any guarantee of certain proper-
ties, nor the suitability of the product for a specific purpose. Any
descriptions, drawings, photographs, data, proportions, weights,
etc. given herein may change without prior information and do not
constitute the agreed contractual quality of the product. It is the
responsibility of the recipient of our products to ensure that any
proprietary rights and existing laws and legislation are observed.

BASF Aktiengesellschaft
Performance Chemicals for
Coatings, Plastics and Specialties
67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
www.basf.com/pigments
www.basf.com/resins
20060907_evp002205_e_s_ti_basacid_range.doc / EVP 002205-0609 D www.basf.com/lightstabilizers