CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

GCE Advanced Subsidiary Level and GCE Advanced Level

MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2013 series

9231 FURTHER MATHEMATICS

9231/23 Paper 2, maximum raw mark 100

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of
the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began,
which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers.

Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner
Report for Teachers.

Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2013 series for most IGCSE, GCE
Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level components and some Ordinary Level components.
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Mark Scheme Notes

Marks are of the following three types:

M Method mark, awarded for a valid method applied to the problem. Method marks are not
lost for numerical errors, algebraic slips or errors in units. However, it is not usually
sufficient for a candidate just to indicate an intention of using some method or just to quote
a formula; the formula or idea must be applied to the specific problem in hand, e.g. by
substituting the relevant quantities into the formula. Correct application of a formula without
the formula being quoted obviously earns the M mark and in some cases an M mark can be
implied from a correct answer.

A Accuracy mark, awarded for a correct answer or intermediate step correctly obtained.
Accuracy marks cannot be given unless the associated method mark is earned (or implied).

B Mark for a correct result or statement independent of method marks.

• When a part of a question has two or more "method" steps, the M marks are generally
independent unless the scheme specifically says otherwise; and similarly when there are several
B marks allocated. The notation DM or DB (or dep*) is used to indicate that a particular M or B
mark is dependent on an earlier M or B (asterisked) mark in the scheme. When two or more
steps are run together by the candidate, the earlier marks are implied and full credit is given.

• The symbol √ implies that the A or B mark indicated is allowed for work correctly following on
from previously incorrect results. Otherwise, A or B marks are given for correct work only. A and
B marks are not given for fortuitously "correct" answers or results obtained from incorrect
working.

• Note: B2 or A2 means that the candidate can earn 2 or 0.

B2/1/0 means that the candidate can earn anything from 0 to 2.

The marks indicated in the scheme may not be subdivided. If there is genuine doubt whether a
candidate has earned a mark, allow the candidate the benefit of the doubt. Unless otherwise
indicated, marks once gained cannot subsequently be lost, e.g. wrong working following a correct
form of answer is ignored.

• Wrong or missing units in an answer should not lead to the loss of a mark unless the scheme
specifically indicates otherwise.

• For a numerical answer, allow the A or B mark if a value is obtained which is correct to 3 s.f., or
which would be correct to 3 s.f. if rounded (1 d.p. in the case of an angle). As stated above, an A
or B mark is not given if a correct numerical answer arises fortuitously from incorrect working. For
Mechanics questions, allow A or B marks for correct answers which arise from taking g equal to
9.8 or 9.81 instead of 10.

© Cambridge International Examinations 2013

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The following abbreviations may be used in a mark scheme or used on the scripts:

AEF Any Equivalent Form (of answer is equally acceptable)

AG Answer Given on the question paper (so extra checking is needed to ensure that the
detailed working leading to the result is valid)

BOD Benefit of Doubt (allowed when the validity of a solution may not be absolutely clear)

CAO Correct Answer Only (emphasising that no "follow through" from a previous error is
allowed)

CWO Correct Working Only – often written by a “fortuitous” answer

ISW Ignore Subsequent Working

MR Misread

PA Premature Approximation (resulting in basically correct work that is insufficiently

accurate)

SOS See Other Solution (the candidate makes a better attempt at the same question)

SR Special Ruling (detailing the mark to be given for a specific wrong solution, or a case
where some standard marking practice is to be varied in the light of a particular
circumstance)

Penalties

MR –1 A penalty of MR –1 is deducted from A or B marks when the data of a question or part

question are genuinely misread and the object and difficulty of the question remain
unaltered. In this case all A and B marks then become "follow through " marks. MR is
not applied when the candidate misreads his own figures – this is regarded as an error
in accuracy. An MR–2 penalty may be applied in particular cases if agreed at the
coordination meeting.

PA –1 This is deducted from A or B marks in the case of premature approximation. The PA

–1 penalty is usually discussed at the meeting.

© Cambridge International Examinations 2013

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Question Mark Scheme Details Part Total

Number Mark

1 EITHER: Use I = Ft to find impulse I: I = 1500 × 0.01 [= 15] M1 A1

Use I = m(v1 – v2) to find mass m: m = I/250 = 0.06 M1 A1
OR: Use v2 = v1 – at to find deceleration a: a = 250/0⋅01 [=250000] (M1 A1)
Use F = ma to find mass m: m = 1500/a = 0.06 (M1 A1)
OR: Use s = ½ (v1 + v2)t to find distance s: s = ½ × 310 × 0⋅01 [= 1⋅55] (M1 A1)
Use Fs = ½ m(v12 – v22) to find mass m: m = 2 × 1500s/77500 = 0⋅06 (M1 A1) 4 4
S.R Taking v1 – v2 = 280 + 30 in any method: m = I/310 = 0⋅048[3] (max 2/4) (M1 A1)

2 State or imply reaction R is zero when contact lost M1

Use F = ma radially when contact lost: mv2/a = mg cos θ [– R] M1

Use cos θ = 5/6 to find v2: v2 = ag cos θ = 5ag/6 A1
Use conservation of energy at θ: ½mv2 – ½mu2
If found by v2 = u2 + 2gh lose this A1 only) = mg{a/8 + a(1 – cos θ)} M1 A1
= 7mag/24 (A.E.F.) A1

Combine to find u: u2 = 5ag/6 – 2 × 7ag/24 M1

u = √(¼ ag) or ½ √(ag) A1 8 8

3 Use conservation of momentum, e.g.: mvA + 2mvB = mu B1

Use restitution (must be consistent with prev.
eqn.): vA – vB = – eu B1

Find speed of B after striking barrier (ignore

sign): v B′ = ½ v B M1

Relate K.E. before and after collision: (½mu2)/9 = ½mvA2 + ½(2m)vB′2 M1

EITHER: Solve first two eqns for vA and vB

(A.E.F): vA = ⅓(1 – 2e)u, vB = ⅓(1 + e)u M1 A1

Substitute for vA, vB′ in KE eqn: u2/9 = (1 – 2e)2u2 /9 + ½(1 + e)2 u2 /9 A1

Simplify and solve for e: 9e2 – 6e + 1 = 0, e = ⅓ M1 A1

OR: Use vA + 2vB = u in KE eqn to give

e.g.: 81vA2 – 18uvA + u2 = 0
or 81vB2 – 72uvB + 16u2 = 0 (M1 A1)

Solve for vA and vB: vA = u/9 and vB = 4u/9 (A1)

Find e from restitution eqn: e = (4u/9 – u/9)/u = ⅓ (M1 A1) 9 9

© Cambridge International Examinations 2013

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4 Find eqn. of motion at general point: m d2x/dt2 = mg(2a – x)/2a

(wrong sign loses this A1 only) – mg{(2a + x)/2a}–½ M1 A1
Neglect (x/a)2 and higher powers: d2x/dt2 = g(1 – x/2a)
– g(1 – x/4a) = – gx/4a M1 A1

Find period from T = 2π/ω: T = 2π√(4a/g) or 4π√(a/g) B1 5

Find v from v2 = ω2 (A2 – x2): v2 = (g/4a) {(a/20)2 – (a/40)2} M1

v = (1/80)√(3ag) A.G. A1

Find t from x = a cos ωt (A.E.F.): t = √(4a/g) cos–1 ½ = ⅔π√(a/g) M1 A1 4 9

5 Find MI of ABCD about O: IABCD = ⅓m{(2a)2 + a2} = 5ma2/3 B1

Find MI of EFGH about O: IEFGH = ⅓ (¼m){a2 + (½ a)2}
= 5ma2/48 M1 A1
EITHER: Find MI of final lamina about O: IO = IABCD – IEFGH ′ = 25ma2/16 M1 A1
Find MI of final lamina about A: IA = IO + ¾ m × 5a2 M1 A1
= 85ma2 /16 A.G A1
OR: Find MI of ABCD about A: I′ABCD = IABCD + 5ma2 = 20ma2/3 (M1 A1)
2
Find MI of EFGH about A: I′EFGH = IEFGH + ¼m × 5a
= 65ma2/48 (M1 A1)

Find MI of final lamina about A: IA = IEFGH – I′EFGH

= 85ma2 /16 A.G (B1) 8

State or use u = (√20) aω B1

Use energy when C above A to find ωmin: ½IA ωmin2 = ¾ mg × (√20) a M1 A1
Hence find umin2: umin2 = 20 (32/85)(¾√20) ag M1
= (192√5/17) ag A.G. A1 5 13

6 (i) Sketch 6 randomly scattered points (lose B1 here if not 6 points) B1

(ii) Sketch 6 (or more) points as if on negative gradient line B1 2

Show on (i) line labelled y on x between points and approx. horizontal B1
Show on (i) line labelled x on y between points and approx. vertical B1 2
Show on (ii) line labelled y on x passing through points B1
State or show on (ii) that x on y coincides with y on x B1 2 6

© Cambridge International Examinations 2013

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7 Consider differences e.g. course 2 – course 1: 1⋅7 2⋅6 –1⋅1 –1⋅7 2⋅0 0⋅5 M1

Calculate sample mean: d = 4 / 6 = 0⋅6667 M1

Estimate population variance: s2 = (18 – 42/6) / 5
(allow biased here: 23/9 or 2⋅556 or 1⋅5992) = 46/15 or 3⋅067 or 1⋅7512 M1
State hypotheses (A.E.F.), e.g.: H0: µ1 – µ2 = 0, H1: µ1 – µ2 ≠ 0 B1
Calculate value of t (to 3 s.f.): t = d/(s/√6) = 0⋅932[5] M1 A1
State or use correct tabular t value: t5, 0.95 = 2⋅01[5] *B1
(or can compare d with 1.44)

Correct conclusion (AEF, on t, dep *B1): No difference between mean times B1 8 8

8 Find both sample means: x = 29⋅2, y = 24⋅4 B1

Estimate both popn. variances (to 4 s.f.) sx2 = (55500 – 17522/60) / 59
and sy2 = (33500 – 12202/50) / 49 M1 A1
(allow biased here: 72⋅36 and 74⋅64) sx2 = 73⋅59 and sy2 = 76⋅16 A1
EITHER: Estimate combined variance (3 s.f.): s2 = sx2/60 + sy2/50 M1
= 2⋅750 or 1⋅6582 A1

Use this s to find conf. interval: ( x –y) ± 1⋅96 s M1 A1

Evaluate: 4⋅8 ± 3⋅25 or [1⋅55, 8⋅05] A1
OR: Estimate common variance (to 3 s.f.): s2 = (59 sx2 + 49 sy2) / 108
(note sx and sy not needed explicitly) or (55500 – 17522/60 +
33500 – 12202/50) / 108

= 74⋅8 or 8⋅652 or 3364/45 (M1 A1)

Use this s to find conf. interval: ( x –y) ± 1⋅96 s √(1/60 + 1/50) (M1 A1)
Evaluate: 4⋅8 ± 3⋅24[5] or [1⋅55[5], 8⋅04[5]] (A1) 9 9

9 (i) Find n using gradient: – ¾ = (192 – 24 × 34/n) /(160 – 242/n) M1 A1

4992/n = 1248, n = 4 A1 3

(ii) Find regression line x = Ay + B: x – 24/4 = (–12/35) ( y – 34/4) M1

M0 for y – 34/4 = –¾ ( x – 24/4) x = – 12y/35 + 312/35
or – 0⋅343y + 8⋅91 A1 2

(iii) Find coefficient r (ignore sign for M1): r = – 12/√(16 × 35)

or – √(¾ × 12/35) M1
State regression line (B1 for each term on
RHS): = –0⋅507 or –3√35/35 or –3/√35 A1 2 9

© Cambridge International Examinations 2013

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10 (i) Find prob. of Jill scoring on her 5th kick: (⅔)4 (¾)4 ⅓ = 1/48 A.G M1 A1 2

(ii) Find prob. of Kate winning on her nth kick: (⅔)n-1 (¾)n-1 ⅔ ¼ M1 A1

= 1/(3 × 2n) A.G. A1 3

(iii) Find prob. of Jill winning game: ⅓ ¾ {1 + (⅔ ¾) + (⅔ ¾)2 + … } M1 A1

= ¼ (1 + ½ + ¼ + … ) = ½ A1 3

(iv) Find prob that game is a draw ⅓ ¼ {1 + (⅔ ¾) + (⅔ ¾)2 + … } M1 A1

= ⅓ ¼ (1 + ½ + ¼ + … )
or 1 – P(Jill or Kate wins)
= 1 – {½ + ⅓(½ + ¼ + … )} (M1 A1)
= 1/6 A1 3 11

11 (a) Resolve horizontally and vertically: FA = RB B1

Relate limiting frictions and reactions at A and
B: FA = 2µRA and FB = µRB B1

EITHER: Resolve vertically : FB + RA = W B1

Combine eqns to find RA: RA = W / (1 + 2µ2) M1 A1

Take moments about B 2RA cos θ – 2FA sin θ = W cos θ M1 A1

Rearrange and use FA = 2µRA RA – 2µRA tan θ = ½W

RA = ½W / (1 – 2µ tan θ ) A1

Combine to find tan θ : tan θ = (1 – 2 µ2) / 4µ A.G M1 A1

OR: Resolve vertically: FB + RA = W (B1)
Combine eqns to find RB: RB = 2µW / (1 + 2µ2) (M1 A1)
Take moments about A: 2RB sin θ + 2FB cos θ = W cos θ (M1 A1)
Rearrange and use FB = µRB RB tan θ + µRB = ½W

RB = ½W / (tan θ + µ) (A1)

Combine to find tan θ : tan θ = (1 – 2 µ2) / 4µ A.G. (M1 A1)

OR: Take moments about centre of
rod: (FA + RB) sin θ = (RA – FB) cos θ
(M2 A1 A1)

Use first 3 eqns to eliminate 3

forces, e.g.: tan θ = (RB /2µ – µRB)/( RB + RB)
(M1 A1 A1)
= (1 – 2 µ2) / 4µ A.G. (A1) 10

© Cambridge International Examinations 2013

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Find positive value of µ when θ = 45°: 2 µ2 + 4 µ – 1 = 0

µ = √(3/2) – 1 or 0⋅225 A.E.F M1 A1

Find positive value of µ when θ = 0°: µ = 1/√2 or 0⋅707 A.E.F B1

State set of possible values of µ (A.E.F.): [√(3/2) – 1, 1/√2] or [0⋅225, 0⋅707] A1 4 14

(b) Tabulate observed values: Rural Urban

Support A 60 – A
Not support 45 – A A – 5 M1 A1

Find corresponding expected values: 27 33

18 22 M1 A1

Calculate value of χ2:] χ2 = (27 – A)2/27 + (A – 27)2/18

+ (A – 27)2/33 + (27 – A)2/22 M1
= (50/297) (A – 27)2

or 0⋅168[35] (A – 27)2 A1
State or use correct tabular χ2 value: χtab 2 = χ1, 0.9 2 = 2⋅706 (to 3 s.f.) B1
Use conclusion of independence to find eqn. for
A: (50/297) (A – 27)2 < χtab 2 M1

Find bounds for A (to 3 s.f.): (A – 27)2 < 16⋅07 A1

(integer valued reqd for this A1) Amin = 23 and Amax = 31 A1 10
Relate new value χnew2 to original χ2: χnew2 = N × χ2 M1
Use conclusion of independence to find eqn. for
A: 0⋅168[35] N (A – 27)2 < χtab 2 M1

Find Nmax with A = 29: N < 2⋅706/(4 × 0⋅16835) = 4⋅02 A1

(integer value reqd for this A1) Nmax = 4 A1 4 14

© Cambridge International Examinations 2013