NAMMO Tungsten Carbide (M993) WednesdayInterTCEringe
NAMMO Tungsten Carbide (M993) WednesdayInterTCEringe
NAMMO Tungsten Carbide (M993) WednesdayInterTCEringe
Fredrik Erninge
R&D Manager
Nammo Vanäsverken
Sweden
Jon Bitler
Manager, Material Science
Kennametal Rogers
SMALL ARMS AMMUNITION USA
Topics
• Material Research
- Kennametal
• Summary
• Improved penetration
- Different impact angels
- Armor Steel Adapting projectile and
- Ultra hard targets (Ceramics) projectile core geometry
Our Processes
Our Products Using Advanced Materials Expertise
• Energy Exploration Cutting Systems Including Tungsten Carbide, Ceramics,
• Road Rehabilitation, Mining Drums and And Super-hard Materials, And Superior
Cutting Systems Product Development Methods To Deliver
• Machine Tooling: Turning, Milling, High Performance Wear Solutions
Holemaking, Systems
• Specialty and Defense products
Trend
• Increasing demands for Co-free
Tungsten Carbide and Tungsten Heavy
Alloys in the defense industry
Challenge
• Replacement of Co by alternative binder
metals maintaining the performance of
the established Co-containing alloys
Microstructure / Material Properties
• Hardness
• Fracture Toughness
fine coarse
Binder phase
Variation of WC grain size, amount of binder phase, type of binder metal determines
the material properties of the tungsten carbide core
Binder phase
• Hardness
• Properties affected by the binder phase: • Fracture Toughness
• Corrosion Resistance
WC - 10% Co ~ 0,20%
1440
1420 15
-3/2
1400
Hardness HV30
1360
13
1340
fine medium 1320
12
1300
1280 11
1260
1240 10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Grain Size [µm]
coarse
17
Continued AP Development
• Enhanced penetration capabilities by adapting geometry
1. Geometry theoretically
optimized by FEM
simulations
Fredrik Erninge
R&D Manager
+46 505 182 07
Nammo Vanäsverken AB, Sweden
[email protected]
Jon Bitler
Manager, Material Science
(479) 986 4646
Kennametal Rogers, USA
[email protected]