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    Power Supply Decoupling: The Objective of A Power Distribution System Is

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    Yose Parlindo
    The document discusses power supply decoupling. It describes how decoupling capacitors can be placed across the power bus at load ends to achieve a low-impedance power distribution system and minimize transient noise voltages. Properly decoupling amplifiers and other circuits that drive capacitive loads is also important to prevent high-frequency oscillation caused by inadequate power supply filtering.

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    Power Supply Decoupling: The Objective of A Power Distribution System Is

    Uploaded by

    Yose Parlindo
    34 views18 pages
    The document discusses power supply decoupling. It describes how decoupling capacitors can be placed across the power bus at load ends to achieve a low-impedance power distribution system and minimize transient noise voltages. Properly decoupling amplifiers and other circuits that drive capacitive loads is also important to prevent high-frequency oscillation caused by inadequate power supply filtering.

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    The document discusses power supply decoupling. It describes how decoupling capacitors can be placed across the power bus at load ends to achieve a low-impedance power distribution system and minimize transient noise voltages. Properly decoupling amplifiers and other circuits that drive capacitive loads is also important to prevent high-frequency oscillation caused by inadequate power supply filtering.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    34 views18 pages

    Power Supply Decoupling: The Objective of A Power Distribution System Is

    Uploaded by

    Yose Parlindo
    The document discusses power supply decoupling. It describes how decoupling capacitors can be placed across the power bus at load ends to achieve a low-impedance power distribution system and minimize transient noise voltages. Properly decoupling amplifiers and other circuits that drive capacitive loads is also important to prevent high-frequency oscillation caused by inadequate power supply filtering.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 18

    Power Supply Decoupling

     The objective of a power distribution system is:


    1. Supply a nearly constant dc voltage to all loads under conditions of
    varying load currents.

    2. Any ac noise signals generated by the load should not generate an ac


    voltage across the dc power bus.

     A typical power distribution system as it might appear on a


    schematic

    Fuse

    A local decoupling capacitor

    JHLin, EMC; Balacing & Filtering 1


    Power Supply Decoupling
     The actual circuit for a dc power distribution system, including
    parasitics

    JHLin, EMC; Balacing & Filtering 2


    Power Supply Decoupling
     Circuit of Fig. 4-15, less the decoupling capacitor and noise pickup
    voltage

    The performance of the power distribution system:


    1. The static or dc performance of the system.
    2. The transient or noise performance of the system.

    JHLin, EMC; Balacing & Filtering 3


    Power Supply Decoupling
     The minimum dc voltage is VL (min)  Vdc (min)  I L (max) ( RS  RF  RT ) max .
     Transient noise voltages on the power distribution circuit are
    produced by sudden changes in the current demand of the load.
    LT
    VL  I L Z 0 where Z 0  .
    CT
    For best noise performance, a power distribution system
    transmission line with as low as a Z 0 as possible is desired ---
    typically 1  or less.

    JHLin, EMC; Balacing & Filtering 4


    5
    Power Supply Decoupling

    6
    Power Supply Decoupling
     The optimum power distribution line would be one with parallel flat
    conductors, as wide as possible, placed one on top of the other,
    and as close together as possible.

    JHLin, EMC; Balacing & Filtering 7


    Power Supply Decoupling
     Demonstration of the difficulty in providing power distribution
    systems with very low Z 0 .
    D d  1.5 Teflon dielectric

    t  0.0027  in w  0.02  in
    h  0.04  in epoxy glass PCB

    w  0.25  in h  0.005  in of Mylar

    JHLin, EMC; Balacing & Filtering 8


    Power Supply Decoupling
     To achieve the desired low impedance, decoupling capacitors can
    be placed across the power bus at the load end.

     Although this is a good approach, a discrete capacitor will not


    maintain its low impedance at high frequencies, because of series
    inductance.

     Low-Frequency Analog Circuit Decoupling

    9
    10
    Power Supply Decoupling
    1. The inductor used must also be able to pass the direct current
    required by the circuit without saturation.

    2. A second capacitor, such as those shown dashed in Fig. 4-18, can be


    added to each section to increasing filtering to noise being fed back to
    the power supply from the circuit. This turns the filter into a -
    network..

    3. When considering noise, a dissipative filter such as the R-C circuit is


    preferred to a reactive filter, such as the L-C circuit.

     Amplifier Decoupling
    1. Even if only a single amplifier is connected to a power supply,
    consideration of the impedance of the power supply is usually required.

    JHLin, EMC; Balacing & Filtering 11


    Power Supply Decoupling

    2. The capacitor should serve as a short circuit across the frequency


    range over which the amplifier is capable of producing gain.
    JHLin, EMC; Balacing & Filtering 12
    Driving Capacitive Loads
     An emitter follower, which feeds a capacitive load such as a
    transmission line, is especially susceptible to high-frequency
    oscillation caused by inadequate power-supply decoupling.

    Zc
    Voltage gain 
    Ze

    13
    Driving Capacitive Loads
     Emitter follower decoupled from power supply

    JHLin, EMC; Balacing & Filtering 14


    Driving Capacitive Loads
     The feedback can be decreased even more by adding an R-C filter
    in the power supply to the first stage.

    15
    Driving Capacitive Loads
     An op-amp is driving a heavy capacitive load.

    The Ro and CL from a low-pass filter


    that adds phase shift to the output
    signal.
    1
    Break frequency f B 
    2 Ro CL

    One solution: Ro

    Another solution

    16
    System Bandwidth
     One simple but often overlooked method of minimizing noise in a
    system is to limit the system bandwidth to only that required by the
    intended signal.

     High-speed logic (fast rise time) is much more likely to generate


    and be susceptible to high-frequency noise than its lower speed
    counterpart.

    JHLin, EMC; Balacing & Filtering 17


    Modulation and Coding
     The susceptibility of a system to interference is a function not only
    of the shielding, grounding, cabling, and so on, but also of the
    coding or modulating scheme used for the signal.

    JHLin, EMC; Balacing & Filtering 18

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