STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION

DOCTRINES & JURISPRUDENCE

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION TO THE CONSTITUTION AND
CONSTITUTIONAL CONSTRUCTION

I. CONSTITUTION, DEFINITION AND CHARACTERISTICS

a. Manila Prince Hotel v. GSIS, G.R. No. 122156, February 3, 1997, 267 SCRA 408

b. Lopez v. De los Reyes 55 Phil. 186, 188, G.R. No. 34361, November 5, 1930

c. Alfredo M. de Leon v. Hon. Benjamin B. Esguerra, G.R. No. 78059, August 31, 1987

II. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CONSTITUTIONAL CONSTRUCTION

a. Gold Creek Mining Corp. v. Rodriguez, 66 Phil. 259, G.R. No. 45859, September 28, 1938

b. Francisco v. House of Representatives, G.R. No. 160261, November 10, 2003

c. Sarmiento v. Mison, 156 SCRA 549 (1987)

III. AIDS TO CONSTRUCTION

a. Aquino v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 40004, January 31, 1975, 62 SCRA 275 (1975)

b. Civil Liberties Union v. Executive Secretary, 194 SCRA 317 (1991)

c. Luz Farms v. Secretary of the Department of Agrarian Reform, 192 SCRA 51 (1990)

d. Vera v. Avelino, 77 Phil. 192 (1946), G.R. No. L-543, August 31, 1946

e. Roman Catholic Apostolic Administration of Davao, Inc. v. Land Registration Commission, 102 Phil.
596 (1957), G.R. No. L-8451, December 20, 1957

f. Tanada v. Cuenco, 103 Phil. 1051, G.R. No. L-10520, February 28, 1957.

g. Chiongbian v. De Leon, 82 Phil. 771, G.R. No. L-2007, January 31, 1949

h. Galman v. Pamaran, 138 SCRA 294, G.R. Nos. 71208-09, 71212-13, August 30, 1985

IV. ORDINARY SENSE VS. TECHNICAL SENSE

a. J.M. Tuason & Co., Inc. v. Land Tenure Administration, G.R. No. 21064, February 18, 1970

b. Ordillo v. Commission on Elections, 192 SCRA 100, G.R. No. 93054, December 4, 1990

c. Marcos v. Chief of Staff, 89 Phil. 246, G.R. No. L-4663, L-4671, May 30, 1951

d. Ruffy v. Chief of Staff, 75 Phil. 875, G.R. No. L-533, August 20, 1946

e. Krivenko v. Register of Deeds, 79 Phil. 461, G.R. No. L-630, November 15, 1947

V. SELF-EXECUTING VS. NON-SELF-EXECUTING

a. Knights of Rizal v. DMCI Homes, Inc., G.R. No. 213948, April 25, 2017

b. Grace Poe-Llamanzares v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 221697, March 8, 2016

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 c. Manila Prince Hotel v. GSIS, G.R. No. 122156, 3 February 1997.

d. Tanada v. Angara, G.R. No. 118295, May 2, 1997

e. Oposa v. Factoran, G.R. No. 101083, July 30, 1993

f. Pamatong v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 161872, April 13, 2004

VI. MANDATORY VS. DIRECTORY

a. Tanada v. Cuenco, 103 Phil. 1051 (1957)

VII. PROSPECTIVE VS. RETROACTIVE

a. Hagonoy Water Distirct v. NLRC, 165 SCRA 272, G.R. No. 81490, August 31, 1988

b. Filoteo v. Sandiganbayan, 263 SCRA 222 (1996)

c. Co v. Electoral Tribunal, 199 SCRA 692, G.R. Nos. 92191-92, 92202-03, July 30, 1991

CHAPTER II
INTRODUCTION TO JUDICIAL REVIEW

I. BASIS, EXTENT AND LIMITATIONS

a. Article VIII, Section 1 and Section 4 of the 1987 Constitution

b. Rules of Court, Rules 63 and 65

c. Record of the Constitutional Commission, 434-436 (1986)

d. Endencia v. David, 93 Phil. 696 (1953) G.R. Nos. L-6355-56, August 31, 1953

e. Angara v. Electoral Commission, G.R. No. L-45081, 15 July 1936

f. Marcos v. Manglapus, G.R. No. 88211, 15 September 1989

g. Integrated Bar of the Philippines v. Zamora, G.R No. 141284, 15 August 2000

h. Jardeleza v. Sereno, G.R. No. 213181, August 19, 2014

i. Saturnino Ocampo v. Executive Secretary Medialdea, G.R. No. 225973, November 8, 2016

j. Rep. Edcel Lagman, et al. v. Executive Secretary Medialdea, G.R. No. 231658, July 4, 2017

II. REQUISITES FOR JUDICIAL REVIEW

a. Knights of Rizal v. DMCI Homes, Inc., G.R. No. 213948, April 25, 2017

b. Hon. Philip Aguinaldo v. President Aquino, G.R. No. 224302, November 29, 2016

c. Southern Hemisphere Engagement Network, Inc. v. Anti-Terrorism Council, G.R. No. 178552, 5
October 2010

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 d. Penafrancia Sugar Mills v. Sugar Regulatory Administration, G.R. No. 208660, 5 March 2014

e. Mendoza v. Familara, G.R. No. 191017, 15 November 2011

f. Kilosbayan v. Morato, G.R. No. 118910, 17 July 1995

g. David v. Arroyo, G.R. No. 171396, 3 May 2006

j. General v. Urro, G.R. No. 191560, 29 March 2011

CHAPTER III
STATUTES

I. LEGISLATIVE POWER

1. LEGISLATIVE POWER IN GENERAL, WHERE LODGED

a. David v. Arroyo, G.R. 171396, May 3, 2006

b. Gonzales v. Hechanova, 9 SCRA 230

c. Chavez, v. JBC, G.R. 202242, April 16, 2013

d. Imbong v. Ochoa, G.R. No. 204819, April 8, 2014

e. Sanidad v. COMELEC, G.R. No. L-44640, October 12, 1976

f. La Suerte Cigar v. CA, G.R. No. 125346, November 11, 2014

2. BICAMERALISM

a. Chavez, v. JBC, G.R. 202242, April 16, 2013

b. Tolentino v. Secretary of Finance 235 SCRA 630

c. Garcillano vs., House of Rep. G.R. 170338, December 23, 2008

3. EXTENT AND LIMITATIONS ON LEGISLATIVE POWER

a. In re: Cunanan 94 Phil. 534

b. Belgica v. Ochoa G.R. 208566, November 19, 2013

c. ABAKADA Guro Party-List v. Purisima, G.R. 166715, August 14, 2008

d. League of Cities v. COMELEC, G.R. 176951, February 15, 2011

e. Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate, G.R. 19671, October 18, 2011

II. STATUTES AND THEIR ENACTMENT

1. TITLE OF BILLS

a. Lidasan v. COMELEC, 21 SCRA 496

b. PHILCONSA v. Gimenez, 15 SCRA 479 (1965)

c. BANAT v. COMELEC, G.R. 177508, August 7, 2009

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 d. Giron v. COMELEC, G.R. 188179, January 22, 2013

2. FORMALITIES

a. Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate, G.R. 19671, October 18, 2011

b. Tolentino v. Secretary of Finance 235 SCRA 630

c. PHILJA vs., Prado, G.R. 105371, November 11, 1993

3. APPROVAL OF BILLS

a. Bolinao Electronics v. Valencia, G.R. L-20740, June 30, 1964

b. ABAKADA Guro Party-List v. Purisima, G.R. 166715, August 14, 2008

III. EVIDENCE OF DUE ENACTMENT OF LAWS

1. ENROLLED BILL THEORY

a. Mabanag v. Lopez-Vito, G.R. L-1223, March 5, 1947

b. Casco Phils. Chemical Co., Inc. v. Gimenez, G.R. L-17931, February 28, 1963

c. Morales v. Subido, G.R. 29658, November 29, 1968

d. Arroyo v. De Venecia, G.R. 127255, August 14, 1997

2. JOURNAL ENTRY RULE

a. United States v. Pons, 34 Phil 729 (1916)

b. Astorga v. Villegas, G.R. 23475, April 30, 1974

IV. EFFECT OF STATUTES

1. WHEN THE CONSTITUTION BECOMES EFFECTIVE

a. Alfredo M. de Leon v. Hon. Benjamin B. Esguerra, G.R. No. 78059, August 31, 1987

2. WHEN STATUTES BECOME EFFECTIVE

a. Civil Code, Article 2

b. Administrative Code, Book I, Chapter 5, Section 18

c. Administrative Code, Book I, Chapter 6, Sections 24 – 25

d. Tanada v. Tuvera, G.R. No. 63915, 29 December 1986

e. Philippine Veterans Bank v. Vega, G.R. No. 105364, 28 June 2001

3. WHEN REGULATIONS BECOME EFFECTIVE

a. Administrative Code, Book VII, Sections 2 – 9

b. People vs. Que Po Lay, G.R. No. L-6791, March 29, 1954

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 c. Tanada vs. Tuvera, G.R. No. L-63915 April 24, 1985

d. Yaokasin vs. Commissioner of Customs, G.R. No. 84111, 22 December 1989

e. Commissioner of Customs v. Hypermix Feeds Corporation, G.R. No. 179579, 1

f. Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Michel J. Lhuillier Pawnshop, Inc., G.R. No.

4. WHEN LOCAL ORDINANCES TAKE EFFECT

a. Local Government Code, Sections 54 – 59

b. Municipality of Paranaque v. V.M. Realty Corporation, G.R. No. 127820, 20 July

c. Bagatsing v. Ramirez, G.R. No. 41631, 17 December 1976

5. MANNER OF COMPUTING TIME

a. Civil Code, Article 13

b. Administrative Code, Book I, Chapter 8, Section 31

c. Administrative Code, Book I, Chapter 7, Section 28

d. National Marketing Corp. v. Tecson, G.R. No. 29131, 27 August 1969

e. Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Primetown Property Group, Inc., G.R. No.

f. PNB v. Court of Appeals, 222 SCRA 134, G.R. No. 98382, May 17, 1993

g. Garvida v. Sales, Jr., 271 SCRA 767, G.R. No. 124893, April 18, 1997

h. Vir-jen Shipping v. NLRC, G.R. No. 58011, 20 July 1982

i. Yapdiangco v. Buencamino, G.R. No. 28841, 24 July 1983

6. EFFECTIVITY OF LAWS UNTIL REPEALED

a. Concept of Temporary Statutes

b. Co Kim Chan v. Valdez Tan Keh, G.R. No. L-5, 17 September 1945

c. William F. Peralta v. The Director of Prisons, G.R. No. L-49, 12 November 1945

d. Laurel v. Misa, G.R. No. L-409, 30 January 1947

CHAPTER IV
CANONS OF CONSTRUCTION

I. LITERAL INTERPRETATION

1. VERBA LEGIS

a. Risos-Vidal v. COMELEC & Estrada, G.R. No. 206666, January 21, 2015

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 b. Trade Investment Development Corp. v. Civil Service Commission, G.R. No.
182249, March 5, 2013

2. DURA LEX SED LEX

a. Revaldo v. People, G.R. No. 170589, April 16, 2009

b. Sagana v. Francisco, G.R. No.161952, October 2, 2009

II. DEPARTURE FROM LITERAL INTERPRETATION

1. STATUTES MUST BE CAPABLE OF INTERPRETATION

a. Defensor-Santiago v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 127325, March 19, 1997

2. RATIO LEGIS EST ANIMA

a. Navarro v. Executive Secretary Ermita, G.R. No. 180050, April 12, 2011

b. Atong Paglaum v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 203766, April 2, 2013

3. LITERAL IMPORT MUST YIELD TO INTENT

a. Automotive Parts & Equipment Co. v. Lingad, G.R. No. L-26406, October 31, 1969

b. US v. Toribio, 15 Phil. 85, G.R. No. 5060, January 26, 1910

c. Sy Tiong Shiou v. Sy Chim and Sy, G.R. No. 174168, March 30, 2009

d. Matabuena v. Cervantes, G.R. No. L-28771, March 31, 1971

e. Resident Marine Mammals of the Protected Seascape Tanon Strait v. Sec. Angelo
Reyes, G.R. No. 180771, 21 April 2015

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