Chess School 2 - 2006 PDF

Author
IM Slobodan Mirkovic, FID E trainer
Published by
Montenegro chess fed erati on
Editor
Vladimir Sakotic
Cover
Kristina N aumovic
Computer layout
Jovan N aumovic
Translated by
Kristina N aumovic
Printed by
SZGR J ovan Antic
No. of copies - 1 000
H erc eg N ovi, September 2006
(This edition is published in honor of European Youth Championship

which is organised in Herceg Novi in September 2006)
IN LIEU OF A FOREWORD
Chess federation of Montenegro, as the participants, there has come out "Chess
organiser of European Youth Championship school 2".
2005 in H erceg N o v i , g ifted a l l the
I ntroduction ofchess in schools is definitely
participants with the book written by FIDE
the noblest mission which can be carried out
coach and international ch e s s master
in a country. Many chess nations have come
Slobodan M irkovic - "Chess school".
a long way in t h is proj e c t , some are
In making that decision we followed the preparing for it. In the milieu where this
principle that it was better that young chess project has a chance of gaining ground, good
players, instead of a pencil, a badge or some manuals and books with quality games and
other souvenir, take home the book which chess tasks are certainly needed. One should
can help them in their chess development. not forget that Slobodan Mi rkovi is the
author of the system for classification of
Impressions of the participants and their
chess combinations, which is accepted and
companions were more than favourable.
recognized in chess world today.
Quality of the book proved to be on an
enviable level and the book contained useful For all the abovementioned, with the book
examples for all generations and all levels "Chess school 2" we wish all participants
of knowledge of young chess players. of European Youth Championship 2006 to
make progress in chess as fast and quality
When at the beginning of this year Slobodan
as possible. If we have contributed in this
Mirkovi prepared the sequel of the book
regard we will be proud.
''Chess school" and offered establishment of
cooperation with us, the Organizational Tournament Director
Board of the tournament had no dilemma. Vladimir Sakotic
So now, as an edition specially prepared for Member o/the Board
this Championship and intended to all European Chess Union
3
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
I have met Slobodan Mirkovic, author of this schools in the east and west accepted this
book when my chess carrier was at the way of material systematization. When I was
beginning. lt was far in 1 983, in Vrnjacka already formed as a chess player there was
Banja, at the time when the Serbian Cup was one critical moment in my chess carrier
held. I played against him and at the end of when I used material systematization which
the m a t c h he gave me a lecture on is suggested in this book to make progress
importance o f pair of b i s hops. I was in the tactics. After a short time positive
impressed by clarity and simplicity of his results appeared.
explanation. Many years have passed since
The third part of the book which is related
to strategic motives clearly shows that this
we met, I played a lot of matches and
toumaments, and I became Youth Champion
book was studiously and radically made.
of the World and G M . Every new meeting
S trateg i c mot ive s as "King attacks",
with the author of this book was special for
"Alekhin e ' s battery" and " Petros ian ' s
me ; I would always learn something new.
quality sacrifice" present material which
"Chess School 2" came at the right time. At even higher rang chess players can learn
the moment when our chess is at big crisis from.
which has been roused by economical
Many things can be said about Slobodan
situation in the country, chess fans are
M irkovic as a coach. Beside three of his most
getting one valuable book which they can
successful students GM Nikola Sedlak, GM
leam a lot from.
B"0jlm Vuckovic, GM Milos Perunovic he
Endings of Minor pieces are processed in taught several more of our top chess players.
the first part of this book where author, in His students have won many fi rst places at
large numbers of newly practice examples, N ational C ad e t C h a mp i o n s h i p s and
very clearly and conscientiously writes about participated at several Europe and World
match plans and principles which are Cadet Championships. According to the
characteristic for today'S chess perception. results Slobodan M irkovic is our most
The mistakes and irregularities which are successful coach and his influence on our
repeated year after year in other books are chess is huge.
here corrected.
In the end I would like to mention my
The theory of combinations w i t h national team colleague's opinion: "We are
classifications which presents the author's all students of Slobodan Mirkovic in one
original idea to d i v i d e combina tions way or another".
according to the sacrificed piece is in the
Belgrade, 1 4111 April, 2006.
central part of the book. The approach is
completely new and as I know a lot of chess GM Igor Miladinovic
5
P�RT�IVE
Endings of Minor pieces
HOW TO PLAY ENDINGS
Some theorethicals consider that it is good The ending is clear when chess player knows
to know as many obvious positions by heart the positions and evaluation, and the right
as possible. That's the wrong approach. In plan of the game. These are positions which
order to get to know the material it is crucial are known independently from the theory of
to learn general principles of the endings. endings. Every chess player has its own clear
Because of that it is necessary to divide the positions.
material in: "Pawn's endings", "Endings of All other positions are problematical, where
Mi nor pieces", "Rook 's endings", and chess player is not showing its knowledge
"Queen 's endings". but is fighting, searching for better moves,
Endings of Minor pieces are studied in this calculating the variants, in short - plays.
book. Regardless of the pieces in the game,
the endings at one moment can be reduced
IMPRO VING CO M MO N T ECH NIQUE
on pawn's endings.
How to learn endings?
It is necessary to improve and know typical
The young chess players are trying to find
methods and situations as : applying the
answer to this question. I n the chess
principle "don ' t be in a hurry", king's
literature there has been just a little b i t of
c entral i zation, and playing the game
talking about autodidactic learning about the
according to analogy, etc. Improvement in
theory of endings. There are two basic
this chapter could be gained with studying
methods for making progress in this chapter.
special materials.
I. Theory research, and
2. Improving common technique.
CO ACH RO L E
These two methods are closely related. The
improvement in one method automatically
drags along the improvement in another one. The coach, who has the card index of all
c hess game segments, is necessary for
achieving the top results. Card index consists
TH EO RY RESEARCH oflarge number of classic games and various
examples; and it's permanently appended
A systematic studying of different type of with new examples. There are materials in
end ings is necessary for increasing the this book which author used in working with
knowledge. The endings (Pawn's, Endings many generations ofchess players, including
of Minor pieces, Rook's, and Queen's) are prominent GM Nikola Sedlak, GM Milos
viewed systematically and their specifics are Perunovic, and GM Bojan Vuckovic. Basic
accepted. positions are given for every topic and they
All endings can be divided into a) clear, and represent the ground for fu ture
b) problematical. understanding and improvement.
I)
The basic strategic principles in endings of opponent 's king independently after the
Minor pieces are the same as in other exchange of the pawns which remained.
endings. From this we can conclude that a M inor
1. King 's activity and its centralization level piece can not solely be a mating piece.
2. Position of Minor pieces and their activity
3. Quality of pawn 's structure. c. Do nworth - M. Sampson
In this book endings of Minor pieces are Swansea, 1 987
divided into following elements:
- mate with a pair of bishops
- mate with knight and bishop
- two knights
- knight against pawn
- bishop against pawn
- knight and pawn against knight
- bishop and pawn against bishop
- basic draw positions
- knight and pawns against bishop and
pawns Draw
- bishop and pawns against bishop and
pawns
t .llIh4 q"h2 2.q"fI q"hl 3.llIfl a stalemate.
- bishops of opposite color Y. Seirawan - J. S. Masco lo
- bishop against knight and pawn
Graz, 1 978
- bishop and pawn against knight
- bishop and pawns against several
pawns
- pair of bishops against knight and
bishop
- pair of bishops against two knights
- pair of bishops against pair of bishops
- two knights against two knights
A few basic examples are given for every of
the mentioned elements which represent a
ground for further study.
Draw
Bishop (or knight) specific characteristic in
endings of Minor pieces is that it can't mate 1 .q"f6 <ittg 8 2.j,g6 q"h8 3.q"t7 a stalemate.
10
Mate with pair of bishops
Mate with pair of bishops king restrain the opponent's king to escape
from a mate. Also the position ofthe stronger
king is characteristic. In mating it has to be
In this type of endings the same principles
at the distance with "knight's jump" from
are applied as in mating by heavy pieces:
the square at the corner of the board Without
the s t ronger s i d e tends to l i m i t the
this rule the mating is impossible.
movements of the opponent's king, whereas
the king tends to stay in the centre as long as
possible.
Mating can 't be performed unless all three
pieces (the king and both bishops) are
engaged. Comparing to mating with heavy
pieces here a mate can be gained only in the
corners of the chess board and in the
neighboring squares (with the proper playing
of the weaker side). Usually 1 8 to 20 moves
should be enough for the a mate. First two
di agrams show typical a mate pictures.
Black moves - Win
White king is in the corner, and black king
already engaged one of the two key squares
(b3 or c2) 1 . An 2.c,t> al Ad a mate.
•.
Black moves - Win

White king is in the corner, black king
haven 't engaged yet one of the two key
squares (fl or g3), rearrangement of pieces
is necessary 1 . .. Af4 in case 1... 'i!;f2 a
stalemate would appear, it would lead to
nothing 1... �gl 2.c,t>g l A fl 3 . c,t>h2 Ag3
TIle bishops enhance each other, one a mates 4.cct>gl 2.c,t>gl c,t> g3 ! 3.c,t> hl A g2 4.cct> gl
until the other one in collaboration with the Ae3 a mate.
11
Endings ofMin()r pieces
Strongcrside muuplaymon: carefully and

avoid a staleamate poS$ibi\i'ty. That type of
danger occurs in ca...eswherewcaker king is
repressed to the edsc of chess board.
Following ditWatns show a typical stalenmte
position:\l.
White moves
I n the following example kings arc ill the

opposition which is convenient for the
stronger side. It is neccs�ry to repress black
king to the. corner squar� as; befure that to
prevent its escape over square eS.
Blackmovcs
Blaclunovcs
White moves - Win
1 .4116 �e8 Black tries toeseapc Qvcr square

•
b7 2.�! �d8 In case that black trie.s to

escape over queen'$ side,. tbis would follow
2 ...\9b8 3.J..d4 [or 3 . .ttO�a7 4 . .iod3 Wb8
5.. �b6�c86 .l5�b81 . .1c5lC!.1a8 ft.Ac4
•
a mate] �c84 . .tf6 �bS 5.�b6 �c86 ..iJ5
�b8 7��c5 �a8 8 . .104 a: mate 3 .1f6 �t8

•
4.15 WbS 5.<itlb6! $88 6.,te6! important

prechcck move, w hi le 6.j,eS'? wuuldtcad
10 stalaIUl'!.\C 6 �b8 7 .t.o�"8.AdSII
••• •
White muves mate.

Mate with pair of bishops
�dS 6.WfS the position with centralized

king of the weaker side appeared 6.,.�d6
7.�f6 �dS S.1.tlWd6 9.J. e4 �d7 to.1.cS
�e7 t t.�e6 �dS t l.1.b7 �e8 t 3.1.b6
� t4.Wf6� t S.1.e6 �f8 t 6.1.eS �gS
t 7. W g6 � h S t S. 1. e7 precheck move
t8..,WgS t 9.J.dS �hS lO.1.f6 a mate.
J. Dworakowska M. Soeko
-
Ostrava (zt), 1 999

Black moves - Win
In this position on the diagram it is necessary

to repress white king to one of the corners
of the first rank, for example to hi t ... 1.e3
2.�tl �f4! 3.�e2 J.d 3 . . . 1.c4 4.� d l
.idJ 5.�c l �e3 6.�dl 1.b2 7.�e l 1.c2
8.�f l �f3! and fol lowing is as in the
lTevious example 4.Wtl 1.d3 S.Wgl wg4
6.�f2 1.d 2 7 .�gl 1.e3 S.�hl 1.ft! 9.�ht
�t3! 9. �g3 ? would lead to a stalemate
..
' O.�h2 �fl ! key square is occupied

1I .�ht 1.gl t l.�hl J.f4 a mate. White moves - Win
t .1.d4 Wdl l.�b3 �dt 3.1.e3 �d 4.1.el

Wbt S.1.d2 �at and Black resigns, on
6.1.0 Wb l 7.1.e4 Wal 8.1.c3 a mate.
M. Vasie S. Cheredniehenko
-
Oropesa del Mar, 1 998
White moves - Win

' .le 3 or 1 .1.d3 t.,.WdS l.1.dJ this is the
•
best bishops ' position, opponent's king can't

attack them, and it can't even pass the baIrier
on neighboring diagonals which bishops
placed 2 .. �eS 3.�gl the king is on the
.
move to help 3 ... �dS 4.�g3 WeS S.�g4 Black moves - Win
13
1 . �fS 2.�e3 J.c4 3.�t3 J.d4 4.�g2 �g4

•• mates as follows 1 .111 a6 �a8 2.J.c6 a mate.
5.�hl J.ft 6.�h2 J.h3 6 . . . � f3 ! 7.�h l
�f2 8.�h2 J.eS 9.�h l J.g2 a mate 7.�hl
J.n 8.�h2 J.h4 9.�gl �g3 10.�hl J.gS
11 .�gl J.e3 and White resigns.
Mate with knight and bishop
Mate with kn ight and bi shop presents

problem not only for the students but foc the
more experienced chess players. Thirty-five
moves are necessary for achieving a mate at
the most inconvenient position for the
stronger side which is very close to a draw White moves - Win
(rule of the fifty moves).
The plan of the match is very simi lar to the 1 .J.g7 1 .1lle7? a stalemate 1 ...�g8 2.111 e7 a
other a mates: stronger side gradually limits mate, or 2.111h 6 a mate.
the movement of opponent 's king while
weaker side intends to retain the king i n the In the following example black king is
center as long as it can. repressed in the corner, white's task is to not
allow king to go out of the corner and to form
Basic Rules the a mate net.
1. In the ending position weaker king must
be at the "knight's jump" distance from the
comer square, and
2. A mate is possible only in one of two
corners with same color as bishops.
Following two examples show typical a mate
pictures
White moves - Win
1 .�b6! king occupies the key square

1. .. �c8 2.J.e6 or 2. J.e8 2 ... �b8 black
king's return at inconvenient corner is
educed 3.111 c 5 �a8 4.J.d7! precheck move,
on 4. t0a6? a s t alema te, or 4.1iJd7? a
stalemate, worse is 4 .hI5 �b8 S.llla6? �c8
White moves - Win
•
because black exits from a mate net and

Two listed rules are fulfilled, the white a white would have to go all over again
14
Mate with knight and bishop
4 <;!;lb8 S.lba6 �aS 6.i.c6 a mate.

••• 14 W bS l S.lba6 W aS 16.i.c6 a mate.
•••
F. A. Philidor There are three kinds of the stalemate

position: 1 . with the bishop, 2. with the
knight,..3-with both pieces.
White moves - Win
t.Ah7 black king is repressing in desired Black moves

corner l ...�eS 2.lbeS it would be to soon
2. <;!;le6 because after 2 . . . �f8 white has to
prevent black to move at g7 3 .�f6 2 �f8 •••
2 ... <;!;ldS black king wants to escape over

queen's side 3 .�e6 white king follows black
king and prevents its escape 3 ... �c7 it looks
like black king has escaped, but 4.lbd7 !
knight steps up 4 . . . �c6 5 . i. d 3 ! good
coordination ofwhite pieces 5 ... �c7 6.i.e4
<iW8 black king is enforced to move back at
the end of the board 7.�d6 ! �eS S .i.d5
<;!;ldS familiar picture again 9 . i. f7 �cS
l O.�c5 �dS I l . lbb7 �cS 1 2 . �c6 � bS Black moves
1 3 .�b6 �cS 1 4 . i.eS �bS 1 5 .i.d7 �aS
16.�c5 �bS 1 7.lba6 � aS I S. i.c6 a mate
3.llJ d7 �eS 4.�e6 it is time for the king to
step up 4 �dS S.W d6 weS 6.i.gS or
•••
6.i.g6 6 �dS 7.i.f7 similar position as at

•••
the beginning appeared after 1 .i.h7, but two

files closer to the corner as 7 W eS S.lbcS
•••
<;!;l dS 9.llJ h7 �cS lO.W c6 W bS l l .W b6 �eS

1 2.AeS or 1 2 . i.e6 �bS I 3 . i. d7 �aS
14.�c5 �bS 1 5 . lba6 �aS 1 6. i.c6 a mate
1 2 � bS 1 3 . i.d7 W aS 1 4. lb cS fin a l
•••
maneuver, there i s no recovery after that. Black moves

15
Del etang, 1 923 B l ack king is trapped into the mi ddle

triangle, it is necessary to bring a bishop at
square e4 and take away the squares d2 and
t'2 9 � gl I O.� e3 � g3 1 l .Ael precheck
•••
tempo move 1l � h40n 1 l . . . �g2 IVDg5

•••
�g3 1 3 . lDe4 1 l.� f4 �h3 1 3.lDgS Wgl

14.lDe4 �h3 l S.� gS �gl I 6.� g4 �hl
White moves - Win
In the position on the diagram Black king is

trapped in the triangle with points b I , h i ,
and h7 and can't leave the triangle. White 's
task is to push black king into the smaller
triangle which one side is a diagonal d 1 - h5 1 7.AfI �gl lS.Ah3 � hl 1 9.1D e3 <it' gl
and the other two are dl - hI and hI - h5. lO.Wg3 Whl ll.Agl <it' gl ll.lDel a mate.
in a way that black king can ' t pass the
diagonal d I - h5. That can be done by
engaging square g4 with the bishop and Y. Teplitsky B. Vuckovic
-
square e4 with the knight. Now black king Paget Parish, 200 1
has to be pushed into the smallest triangle
with points fl - h3 - h I , which makes the a
mate not so hard. This is the simplest way
for a mate.
t .Ad We3l.Wet Wel 3.Ag6 we3 4.Wdl
Wtl S.Wdl wO 6.Wd3 wg4 7.We3 Wh4
S.Wf4 Wh3 9.AhS
Black moves - Win
1 <it' d7 1.<it' bS lll cS 3.<it' aS <it' c6 4.<it' bS

•••
lDe6 S.�a7 lDc7 6.<it' bS Ab6 7.<it' c8 Aa7

S.<it' dS lDdS 9.<it' cS lD e7 I O.<it' dS Wd6
I t .<it' e8 We6 1 1 .<it' dS Ab6 I3.We8
16
M ate with knight and bishop
1 3 ... lbdS l 3 . . . lbf5! l4.�f8 J.d4 l S .�e8 1 6 . . . lb dl and W hite r e s i g n s , l 7 . � c3

i.f6 l6.�f8 J.e7 l 7. �g8 �ffi l 8. �h7 �f7 [ 1 7.�dl �d3 l 8. � e l J.g3 1 9.�d l �c4
19.�h8 ccttg6 20.�g8 �h6 2 1 .�h8 J.f6 a 20.� c l J.f2 2 1 . �d l �b2 22.�c l �c3
mate, A. Kelly P. McKeown, Binningham
- 23.�b l J.e3 24. �a2 �c4 2S.�b l �b3
200 1 1 4.�fS J.d8 l S.�e8 J.h4 1 6.�fS and White resigns, Y. V. Sakhanovich - A.
i.e7 17.�g7 �f4 and White resigns. Kofman, URS 1 960J J.d6 1 8 . �c2 J.eS
1 9. � d l �d3 20.�c l �c4 2 1 . �d l J.g3
22.�c l Wc3 23.Wd l Wd3 24.Wc l J.f2
I . Smirin - S. Atalik 2S. � d l �b2 26.� c l Wc3 27.Wb l �b3
Saraj evo, 200 1 28. � c l J.e3 29.�b l � c4 30.Wa l J.f4
3 1 .�b l �a3 32. � a l J.eS a mate, S. Minet
- A. Grenovilloux, FRA 2003.
Two knights
Two k ni ghts don ' t have pos s i b i l i ty to

perfonn a mate when defense is precise.
Black moves - Win
1 ... 'C1tg6 1. � t3 �fS 3.�g3 J.e3 4.�t3 J.f4

S.� gl � g4 6.�tl J.d1 7.�gl J.e I 8.�f1
i.h4 9.� gl J.g3 1 0.�gl �f3 1 1 .�hl lbe4
ll.� gl �tl t 3.�f1 J.hl 1 4.�eI lbe4
l S.� dl l S . � f1 �d2 l 6 . � e l cctt e 3-+
Draw
l S...� e3 1 6.�cl
1 .lbfS W g8 1.lbd7 W h8 3.lbd6 W g8 4.lbf6
cctt fS 4 . . . �h8 S.lbf7 S.� fS �e7 a draw.
17
Endings of M inor pieces
A knight against a pawn [after 1 ... lOa8 2.�b7 with transition in main
variant] 2.�b7 and White would win, worse
A knight alone against one pawn is forced is 1. f!;d6? because 1 . . . lOb5 and a pawn
to fight for a draw, and that's the reason why would go down 1 1Oa8 2.�b7 �d4 3.�a8
•••
it presents a weaker side. As a rule, a knight �cS 4.�b7 and a pawn can 't be stopped.
against one pawn makes a draw, for instance In case that black has first move at the
beginning position nothing fundamental
would change, white would win again.
A. Miles J. Lautier
-
Ohrid, 200 1
Draw
The king doesn't succeed to repress a knight
1 .�c6 1Ob8 2.�c7 1Oa6 3.�b6 1Ob8 4.�a7
li:41 a draw. Similar positions with pawns
at c, d, e, f, and g files are a draw.
White moves - a draw
The s ituation can change in cases with
border pawns. In cases where border pawn is at sixth rank,
a knight alone realizes a draw without king's
help 1 .�b7 lObS 2.�b6 1Od6! this is only
3.�c6 lOc8 4.�c7 1Oa7 S.�b7 1ObS 6.�b6
lOd6! position repeats 7.a7 1Oc8 8.�b7 1Oa7
9.�a7 a draw.
The side which has a knight can win in

special cases. It can happen only when
border pawns are in question. Next is an
example from practice where side with a
knight pulls a draw effectively.
White wins
Position in the corners is not suitable for a
knight because its movement is brought
down to minimum.
W hite wins after 1 .�c6 on 1. rti'b6 lOd5
IS
A Knight against a pawn
A. Del chev - M . Podvrsnik J. Leehner - S. M irkovie
Ljubljana, 1 998 Pula, 1 982
White moves - Win Black moves - a draw

Black king is trapped in the corner of the As a rule two pawns against a knight provide
board and its own pawn is on its way 1 .<;t> c2! a draw, the side with pawns has chances to
�al 2.lD d4 <;t> a2 3.lDe2 <;t> al 4.lD el and win only if opponent's king is far away and
black resigns before a mate, on 4 ... a2 5.lDb3 can't control them. 1 ...<;t> e6 2.lD eS <;t> dS
a mate. 3.lDd7 <;t> e4 4.lDf6 <;t> fS S.lDg4 <;t> g4 a draw.
M. Savie - V. Bashkite V. Chekh over, 1 955

Oropesa del Mar, 1 998
Black moves - a draw As a rule two pawns against a knight provide

a draw, the side with pawns has chances to
In the situations where a pawn didn ' t win only if opponent's king is far away and
progress a lot, a s a rule, a knight comes right can't control them.
on time to prevent a promotion. 1.lDe6! g4 1.lDg7 f4 2 ...g3 3.lDf5 g2 4.lDe3=
1 .. g3 2.lDd4 <;t> h3 3.lD e2 g2 a draw.
.
3.lDhS! t3 4.lDf6 g3 S.lDe4 gl 6.lDdl <;t> d3
7.lDt3 a draw.
19
Y. Averbakh, 1 954 8.g6 � g3 9.h7 �h8 lo.n and White wins.
Bishop against pawn
The outcome in cases where a bishop fights

against one pawn depends on whether a
bishop has a possibility to control the square
in front of a pawn, for instance
v. Anand - A. Shirov
Linares, 1 998
Black moves - a draw
To achieve a draw in endings where knight

fights against three pawns is possible by
pawn 's blockade 1 . . �c6 1.�c1 �bS
.
3.�b3 with a draw.
R. Fine, 1 94 1
Draw
Basic draw position, it was played also l .bS
�eS 1.b6 Ab6 a draw.
o. Duras - B. L eussen
Hilversum, 1 903
White moves - Win
Thrce pawns can win only in cases where at

least two pawns can come to fi fth rank,
weaker side have to keep a k ing in front of a
pawn which is furthest away. l .fS! I .g5?
ltJd5 2.�e4 ltJe7 ! 3 . �e5 �h5 ! 4.f5 �h4
5.�to ltJd5 6.�g6 ltJe7= 1 ._ �g7 1.gS ltJdS
3.hS! ltJc3 3 . . .�n 4 .h6 ltJ c 3 5.g6 �f6 6.h7
�g7 7.f6 �h8 8.n and White would win Draw
4.<M4 ltJel S.�eS ll:} g3 6.f6 �g8 7.h6 ltJhS 1 .dS AdS 1.�dS a draw.
20
B ishop against pawn
A side with a pawn can win in special cases, side wi th a bishop will succeed to coordinate
and that happened in situations where king it's own pieces. A draw is when king controls
and bishop have no possibilities to control a one pawn and a bishop controls another one.
pawn.
H. Otten, 1 892
H . Bohm J. li mman
-
Hilversum, 1 983
White moves - Win
Black didn't succeed to coordinate it's own

Black moves - Win pieces t.aS! worse is l .g5? �e6! [interesting
position might appear after 1 . . . �g5? 2.a5
1 g2 White resigns.
••
.i f8 3 . �d5 ] 2 . a5 � d 6 3 . a6 � c 6 and
coordination of black pieces is established
E. Cohn M. L . Lowcki
-
t . . . .ifS this is only, black attend to move
Opatija, 1 9 1 2 bishop to c5 1.�dS .ih6 attempt to make a
draw by engag i ng square e 3 3 . g S !
practically, would give nothing 3 .�d4 .if4
4.a6 .ib8 black succeed to coordinate its
own pieces, pawns are stopped successfully
and it would end with a draw 3... .igS 4.�e4
.ih4 S.�f3! White wins.
Black moves - Win
I,..a White resigns.
In situations where two pawns confront a

bishop the outcome depends on whether the
R. Reti, 1 922 A. Selezniev, 1 9 1 7
White moves - Win White moves - a draw
1 .c;tJf4! l .b7? J.b7 2.hS c;tJd4 3.h6 J.e4 and l .�d6! white has a big problem because it
a pawn would be stopped t ... J. dS 2. c;tJeS has to coordinate i t ' s own pieces, the
.to J.bS! c;tJb6 in case 3 . . . J.hS 4.b7 and question is towards which pawn to move
White would win 4.b6 and a pawn can't be with a king, in case 1 .� f6 � f4 2.�g6 �g3
stopped. 3.� 5 h3 4.�e4 h2 king is on a bishop's
way t ...c;tJd4 2.c;tJe6 �e3 J.�dS b3 4.�e4!
A. K osten - A. Adorjan b 2 S. J. al a draw with clear distribution of
responsibilities among white pieces.
Esbjerg, 1 988
In a battle against three u nited pawns the
s ide which has b ishop m u s t intend to
establish a blockade.
Black moves - Win
The motif from Reti's study with inverse

pieces ' color. Draw
1 ...c;tJd4! White resigns. Typical draw position where white king and
bishop cooperate maximally, black has no
possibility to strengthen the position.
22
Knight and a pawn against knight
S. L oyd, 1 868 M. Botvinnl k, 1 952
White moves - a draw Black moves - White wins
Black has big material advantage but has no 1 . .lllf6 1.�d 8 111e 8 on 2 ... �g7 3.111e 4! with
.
possibility to realize it I .Ad7 �a3 1.Ae6 dragging of black knight from controlling
�a2 3.�c:2 a draw, pawn ' s cordon is the critical square e8 3 .111e 6! lll f6 3 . 111d6
..
successfully bloc ke d and king can't get 4.�d7 111e 8 5;lll g 5 with gaining advantage
ncarer to help. 4.111g 5 �g6 5.111e4! and White wins.
R. R etl, 1 929
Knight and a pawn
against knight
Knight and a pawn against knight ending

usually ends with a draw. If a pawn is at
seventh (second) rank there are special cases
where it's possible to realize a win. A win
ca n be ac hieved by dragging away
opponent's pieces from a pawn which is
realized by knight's sacrifice.
I n situat ion s where a pawn isat sixth (third)

rdnk the chances for a win arc smaller. The White wins
exception is with border pawns, which can
bring a win like in Reti 's study. If black moves 1 ... �b4 1.�b6 �e4 3.111 c3!
lll d6 4.�e7 �e5 5.a7 and White would win,
if white moves a win is obtained with a
maneuver which g ives starting position
where black moves 1 .llle S! �b4 on l ...lll d6
2.�c7 111b 5 3.�c6 liJa7 4.�b7 liJb5 5 .liJe4
with faster win then in main variant 1.�b6
23
/ll d6 3./ll e4! /ll c8 4.�c7 after 4. c;t>b7 c;t>b5

5 ./llc3 c;t>a5 black would save itself 4 �bS••
S.c;t>b7 c;t>aS 6./ll cS/ll d6 7.c;t>c7/ll bS 8.c;t>c6

/ll a7 9.�b7 /ll bS IO./ll e4 a position from
the beginning appeared and white wins.
Bishop and a pawn
against bishop
In the bishops of the same color endings one

pawn advantage is usually enough to win. Draw
Weaker side's tactic consists of replacing the
pawns, hereby sacrificed bishop for the last A king can't be dispelled off square d7 so a
remaining opponent's pawn. draw is unavoidable.
1be simplest endings appear in cases with

bishop and a pawn against a bishop. Luiggi
Centurini ( 1 820 - 1 900), Italian theoretic
studied these cases and contributed to
establishment of basic principles.
Centurini 's principles
1 . If weaker side succeed to place a king in

front of opponent's pawn to a square which
is opposite color then bishop 's, then an
ending of bishop and one pawn against Draw
bishop is always a draw.
B lack king holds the opposition while a
2 If a weaker side's king is not in front of a bishop controls two long diagonals a4-e8
pawn but behind or sideward it is a draw and c8-h3 I .Ag4 Aa4 2.Ad7 Adt 3.Ac6
only if a king has possibility attack pawn Ag4 a draw.
and hold the opposition. Besides that, a
bishop must have possibility to maneuver
over two long diagonals (one of the two
diagonals must have at least three squares).
The best explanation of the first Centurini's
shows following example:
24
Bishop and a pawn against Bishop
diagonal from where the bishop controls a

pawn has at least three squares. The diagonal
in given example has just two squares.
Following positions prove the rule.
L . Centu rini, 1 848
White wins
Widl maneuver AhS-f3-c6 White eliminates

opponent's bishop from a diagonal a4-e8 and
clears the way to its own pawn. Eliminating
is done by moving the bishop to square c6.
In this case the square c6 presents the
elimination square. If black king is at cS White moves - Win
white wouldn't have possibility for .lc6 and
it would be a draw. Contro l ling the The whole problematic add up to removing
elimination square is not always the rescuing black bishop from square h2 1 . 1.h4! �b6!
situation for a weaker side. A zugzwang can T he best defense, on 1 ...1.f4 2 .lt2 .lh2
.
appear in cases where bishop's movement

3 . .la7 1.f4 4.1.b8 1.e3 5 . .lh2 .la7 6 . .lgl !
is limited. and White would win l.1.n � a6 3 .t eS on •
precheck move 3 . 1.e3 would be followed

by 3 ... i.d6! 4.i.gS �b6 S.1.d8 �c6 And
black king arrives at time 3 ... .lf4 4.1.e7
�b6 S .ldS �e6
•
White wins
With bishop's movement over diagonal h3-

d7 with purpose of awaiting, white brings
black into zugzwang and wins. An important
rule can be formulated for similar situations: 6 .tgS! everything add up to winning the
•
weaker side gets a draw only when the tempo 6 ... .t hl 7 .l e3 .t g3 S .l a7 .lhl
• •
25
9.Ab8 Agt 10. Ag3 Aa7 II.Afl! and

White wins.
E. Cohn, 1 929
Draw
White king is hiding successfully in the

corner of the board.
Whitemoves Win -
1.Ae3! Ad6 on I .. .h4 2.Af2! Ad6 3 .Ah4

�b6 4.Af2 �a6 S .Ae3 A h2 6.AcS ! AeS
7 . Ae7 �b6 S . A d S 'iPc6 9 . A f6 Ad6
I O . .td4 Ah2 I l .Aa7 and Whitewins l.Aa7
h4 3.Ab8 Ab8 on 3 . . . AcS 4. Ah2 Aa7
5.A g I h3 6.Aa7 h2 7.bS1!V and White would
win4.�b8h3S.'iPc8hl6.b8.h t.7••b7
And White takes over a queen.
Draw
Basic a draw positions Curve-angular bishop.
Draw Draw
Black king is safe in the corner of the board. King can' t be dispelled from a square b I .
26
A knight and the pawns against a knight and pawns
A knight and the pawns against � g4 2 4 . � h7 � h 5 2 5. � g5 1 3 � c6

•••
14.�d4 �d6 I S.�c4 �c6 1 6.�eS �bS

a knight and pawns
1 7.�e3 � a6 1 8.�dS � c4 1 9.�f6 hS
20.�dS �b8 21 .�e7 with conquering black
Material advantage pawns.
A pawn more in the endings of a knight with

K. Ninov S. Mirkovic
several pawns is realized nearly the same as
-
in pawn's endings. Novi Sad, 1 992

White wins
Although white has a big material advantage,
Plan for realizing the advantage: with precise defense the position is a draw;
I. Improving pieces ' and pawn's position, the defense 's idea is to block the p awns
1 . .. �c3! 2.�d2 2 .fJc5 �h3 3.�h5 �d5
2. Passed pawn creation: a) ifknight blocks
•
4.�e4 �e3=, 2.�4 �e4 3 . �e2 �h3

the passed pawn white intends to repress it,
4.�f5 �t2=, 2.h4 �d5 ! 3.�d4 �g3 4.�g5
b) if king forwards to help a knight then
�f4 5 . � e2 � e2 6.h5 �f4 7.h6 �e6=
stronger side often succeed to make use of
2 �h3! i t was played in the match 2 ...�e2?
•.•
pulling away the forces and gains decisive

3.�fl �h3 4.�h5 �g2 5.h4 � fl 6.g4 �g2
advantage with king's penetration or knight's
7.�g5 �g3 8.h5 �d4 9.�tO! �g4 I O.h6
penetration on the other side.
and Black resigns 3. � f1 �e4! 4.�f5 �fl
1.c;t>f1 �e7 2.�e2 �d6 3.�d3 �cS 4.�c2 S.�f4 �d3 6.�e3 the alternates lead to a
lildS 5.g3 as 6.b3 f5 7.a3 g6 8.M! aM 9.aM draw 6.W(5 � f2= , 6.W(3 � e 5 7 . � e4
Wd6 in case to accept pawn's sacrifice, after �g4=, 6.f!;e4 �t2 7.� O �d3 ! = 6 ... �eS
9.. .lilb4 1 0.�b4 �b4 1 1 .�d4 �b3 1 2.�e5 7.�e4 �g4 8.�f4 �f6! 8 ... �f2? 9.�e3
Wc4 1 3 . �tO �d3 1 4.f4 �e4 1 5. �g7 Black �d3 I O.�f5+- 9.�e3 �hS I O.�tJ �h2
would be lost I O.�d4 �c7 I I .f4 �bS l I .g4 �g7 with a draw.
12.<;Wc4 �c7 13.�e3! l 3.b5 �b5 1 4.�b5
Wd5 1 5.�e l �e4 1 6. �c4 �e3 1 7.�d3
wO 1 8.�d4 �g2 1 9.�e3 �h2 20.�t2
Wh3 2 1 . �e5 �h2 22.�O �h3 23.�g5
27
M . Taimanov B. Spassky
- 3.ti)eS �f2 4.ti)g6 �f3 S.�h2 Ii& e3 6.li& g2
f3 7.�h2 f2 8.�g2 ti) g3 and White resigns.
URS, 1 952
E. Mednis - R. Fischer
USA (ch), 1 963
Black pieces are positioned badly, and white

uses that !.lof3! �g4 1 e5 Vbh4 �g5
•••
Black moves - Win
3. ti) fJ �g4 4.�f6 e4 5.ti)e5 1i&g3 6.ti)c4=,
The plan for realizing the advantage: black
1 ff;e4 2 .ti)d2 �d3 3 .ti)fl f5 4 . � f6=
•••
prevents opponent's counter-play at queen's

2.ti)h2 �h3 3.ti)f1 fS 4.li&f6 a draw.
side by blocking a pawn and creating united
passed pawns at king 's side l. .. f4! 2.li& g2
D. Cicvaric - S. M irkovic g4 3.ti)bS ti)eS 4.ti)c3 �e6 S.b4 ti)c6! does
not allow white to counter-play, it would be
Vrnjacka Banja, 1 977
weaker 5 ... h5 6.a5 ! 6.f3 hS! 7.bS li) eS 8.fg4
hg4 9.�f2 ti)d3 1 0.�g2 ti)cS 1 1 .1i& f1 li& fS
1 2.�g2 �eS 1 3.�f2 ti) d3 14.li& e2
Black moves - Win
The pawns are at the same wing, in this type

of positions the result is usually a draw, 14 g3 ! effective knight's sacrifice l S.Ii& f3
•••
however the pos i t ion on the d i agram on 1 5 .�d3 g2 1 6.ti)e2 fJ and Black would
presents an exception, black wins with win lS ti) e 1 1 6.�e2 g2 1 7.li& fl f3 and
•••
moving a king at f2 1 ..li& d4! 2.ti)t7 �e3

. White resigns.
28
A knight and the pawns against a knight and pawns
\
Position advantage position as in the match 1 2 We7 1 3.lb gS
•.•
lbeS 14.Wd4 Wd6 lS.l[:) h3 a4! 1 6.lbf4 h4

The side which has position advantage often 1 7.l[:) h3
accomplishes to win. The stronger side aim
to exchange the knight because oftransition
into won pawn's ending. The weaker side
seeks to exchange the pawns and later to get
a draw with knight's sacrifice.
E. L asker A. Nimzowitsch
-
Zuerich, 1 934
1 7 ... b6! Tempo move, black wants to play

l[:)c6 with Wc5 But only when white knight
is at h3 1 8.l[:) f4 bS 1 9.1[:) h3 l[:) c6 20.We3
WcS 2 1 .Wd3 b4 22.ab4 Wb4 23.Wc2l[:) d4
24.Wbl l[:) e6 2S.Wa2 25 .Wc2 Wc4 26.llJfl
l[:)g5 !-+ (Reinfeld) 2S...Wc4 26.Wa3
Black moves - Win
Black has a few position advantages: h-pawn

is very strong, possibility to engage square
e5 with a king, and black knight is more
active then white is. Plan to win is:
1. to latch the pawns at queen's side
2. to block e-pawn with a knight
3. king goes in attack at queen's side, and
26... Wd4! Ending faze of a black's plan, the
4. to bring back king to king's side for h king is returning to the king's side 27.Wa4
pawn's backup W e4 28.b4 WfJ 29.bS W g2 and White
l ..�ti 2 . � c1 Wf6 3.Wd2 WeS 4.We3 hS
.
resigns, on 30.b6 Wh3 3 1 .b7 l[:)c5
5.a3 as 6.l[:) h3 l[:) c2 7.Wd3 on 7.Wd2 l[:)d4
8.�e3l[:)e6 ! 9.lL\ fl l[:)f4 1 O.a4 b6 1 1 .b3 l[:)g2
1 2.�f3 l[:)e l 1 3 . �e3 l[:)c2 1 4 . �d3 l[:)d4
1 5.�c4 h4-+ (Keres) 7...l[:) el 8.We2 l[:) g2
9.�f3 l[:) h4 t o.We3 l[:) g6 1 l .l[:) gS W f6
1 2.llJ h7 12 .l[:)h3 l[:)e5 1 3 . �d4 with similar
29
M. Chigorin F. Marshall
- S.lll e3 on 5.111a 3 111e 5 ! S".�d4 6.�d2111 eS
7.�d lll d 3! S.lll d l lll e l 9.�b2 lll fl on
Karlsbard, 1 907
9 ... �e4 1 O.f4! l O.h4111 eS 1 0 ... �d3? 1 1 .1lle3
�e2 1 2.h5 ! gh5 1 3 .111d 5 with lll f6 1 1 .�a3
�e4 1 2.hS ghS
White moves - Win
White blocks pawns of king's side and

prevents passed pawn creation, after which 13.111 e3 1 3 .�a4 �f3 14.�b3 111d3 1 5 .�c2
b-pawn concludes l .111 dS! lll d 7 2.gS h6 lll f2 1 6.111c 3 lllb l ! and Black would win
3.111 f6111 b6 4.h4 hgS S.hgS �fB 6.�cS lll a4 (Kasparov) 13 ... �fl 14.111 dS lll g4! l S.lll e7
7.�d6 �g7 S.�c6 � 9.b6111 b6 lO.�b6 llltl 16.111 fS llle4 17.�a4111 g3 lS.lll h4 �e4
�e7 1 1 .�c7 �fB nothing would change in 1 9.�b4 111 fS and White resigns.
case 11. .. �e6 1 2. � d 8 �f5 1 3 .111h 7+-
12.�d7 �g7 13.�e7 � hS 1 4.111 eS 1 4 �f7
.
G. Barc za V. Simagin
-
pat 14... �g8 l S.�f6 and Black resigns.

Budapest, 1 949
W. Schmidt G. Kasparov
-
Dubai (01), 1 986
Black moves - Win
Black central pawn is stronger then white e

pawn because it is supported by the pieces
Black moves - Win to o.d3 ! 2.�fl lll c3 3.�et �d4 4.�d2111 e4
S.�cl lll d6! 6.�d2 111 c4 7.�c I d2 S.�d
1 ...�e7 2.111 c4 a4 3.c;!;> fl �e6 4.�e2 �dS �e3 9.111 bS lll a 3! and White resigns.
30
Bishop and the pawns against the bishop and the pawns
Bishop and the pawns against t .�f1 �f8 2.�e2 �eS 3.�d3 �d7 4.�e4
�e6 S.Ae3 First faze of the plan is finished,
the bishop and the pawns
the pieces are centralized S g6 6.b4 Ab6
•••
Material advantage 7.0 Ae7 S.a4 Ab6 9. Ad4 The bishop

engaged the strong centralized position,
Material advantage of one or more pawns is from where it will support passed pawn
usually enough for winning. 9 Ae7 1 0.bS abS 1 l .abS �b7
•••
R. Fine, 1 94 1
1 2. �d5 Black king is occupied with a battle

against passed pawn and white is prepared
White wins to attack pawns at king's side, but battle is
The plan for realizing advantage can be still not over, one more barrier has to be
conditionally divided into the following overcame, black tries to prevent opponent's
tazes: king by attacking pawns from faraway
1 2 A bS after 1 2 . . . A f4 1 3 . A e5 Ae3
•••
1.Strengthening the pieces' position (a king 14. �d6 white king pass into black squad
and a bishop occupy better positions) I 3.Af2 Ae7 14.g3 hS I S.h4 AbS
2. Strengthening the pawn's position (pawns
are placed at the most convenient squares -
preparation for passed pawn creation),
3. a passed pawn is created, which moves
forward by king's assistance. Next steps
depend on a defense.
4. if opponent blocks passed pawn with a
bishop, then bishop and a king repress or
isolate opponent's bishop, after which the
pawn moves forward,
5. if opponent's king holds a pawn, stronger 1 6.b6! B lack is in zugzwang and can ' t
s ide uses that to attack wit h a king defend from maneuver f4, Ad4, A e 5 1 6 •••
opponent's pawns at the other side and to �e8 1 7.�e6 AeS IS.f4 AbS 1 9.b7 �dS
gain decisive material advantage. 20.Ab6 �e7 2 1 . Ae7 and White would win.
31
V. Golod O . Romanishin
- on the diagram black moved king at square
e I and brought opponent into zugzwang.
Saint Vincent, 2004
1 ...�f6! 2 .i.c8 �eS 3 .i.g4 �d4 4 .i.c8
• • •
.i.O S .i.d7 �d3 6 .i.bS �d2 7.�gl �el

• •
8 .i.e8 gS 9.hgS hgS I O .i.f7 i.e4 1 l .i.e6

• •
o 1 2 .i.d7 i.g6 White resigns, on 1 3 . i.g4

•
�e2 14 . .i.c8 .i.h5 1 5 .i.a6 �e I 1 6. i.c8 g4
Pos;t;onaJ advantage
I f bishop is forced to protect pawns, its

activity is reducing and sometimes it plays
role of the pawn. This is a "bad" bishop. In
White moves - Win this type o f endings i t is recommended to
place pawns at the squares which are
l .h6! as 2.a3 it was also considered that opposite color from its own bishop. The
2.a4 !? �ffi 3.�e3 i.e6 4.i.c4 i.h3 5 .�d4 e l ements of the s trategy w h i c h are
�g6 6.�d5 .i.g2 7.�d6+- 2 ... �f6 3.�e3 influencing the marking of the position are
i.e6 4.b4 ab4 S.ab4 i.dS 6.�d4 .i.b3 7.h7! passed pawn, active king, better pawn's
�g7 8.�eS .i.f7 9.�d6 i.e8 I O.�c7 bS structure, zugzwang etc.
1 1 .�b6 .i.d7 1 2.�cS i.e8 13 .i.bS i.g6
•
14 .i.c4 Black resigned, on 14 . . . .i.h7 1 5.b5

•
i.e4 1 6.b6 .i.b7 1 7 .<ctd6 �f6 18 . .i.b5 �f7

1 9.�c7 i.e4 20 . .i.c6
V. Bologan -�. Timman

Wijk aan Zee, 2004
White moves - Win
B lack bishop is limited in activity by its own

pawns, white b ishop is not and has open
diagonals, and decisive role in the marking
of the position has the bishop's activity
1 .i.aS! baS on l . . .�d7 2 .i.b 6! ab6 3 . a7
Black moves - Win 2.b6 and White wins.
It is more difficult to win in cases where
pawns are at the same side. At the position
32
Bishop and the pawns against the bishop and the pawns
V. Smyslov - P. Keres A. Karpov Z. Ribli-
URS (ch), 1 95 1 Bath, 1 973
Black moves - Win White moves - Win
White bishop is limited by its own pawns Active white king and better bishop decides
and it's bound to their defense, black king is the game 1 .gS! hgS on L.h5 would be
more active, black has decisive advantage. followed by 2.g6 �c8 3 . .1h6! 2.hgS .idS
The realization plan: 2 fg5 3 . .1g5 �c8 4 . .ie7 �d7 5 . .ifB and
...
White would win 3.�f3 <it? cS 4.�g4 �d7

I. latching of weak white pawns at the
S.�hS �eS 6 .ib4 fgS 6 ... .ie7 7.gf6 gf6
queen' s side
•
8.�g6 �f8 9 . .i e I .id8 1 0 . .ih4 and White

2 uniting white pieces would win 7 .id6 .if6 S .1b4 �f7 9 .id2
• • •
3. activation of the black king creation of .i e7 10 .1gS .ia3 Il .1dS .1d6 1 2.�gS
• •
zugzwang position 'Black resigns.
1 Ab1 2.a3 as! latches weak white pawns

•.•
v. Anand - Z. Almasi
3.Adl �g6 4.�g2 �fS S.�f3 �eS 6.a4
Germany, 2002
gS 7. �e2 .ifS S.g4 after 8.h4 .ig4 9.�d2
AdI IO.�dI �e4 I l .hg5 hg5 1 2 .�e2 g4
white would be in zugzwang S .i b I 9.�f3
•••
fS I O.gf S Is not better either 1 0.�e2 .ie4

Il.c;t>fl f4 12.�f2 .id3 1 3 .�f3 fe3 1 4 .�e3
Ae4! 15 .�e2 �d4 1 6 .�d2 .ig2 and Black
would win 10 �fS 1 1 .�tl .ie4 1 2.�g3
•••
�g6 13.�tl hS 14.�g3 h4 I S.�tl .ifS

16.c;t> g2 �f6 1 7.�h2 �e6 White resigns.
White moves - Win

White creates passed pawn at a-file which
33
decides the outcome of the game l.b3! ab3 U. Andersson - A. Zapata

1 .. ba3 2.ba4 a2 3.J.b2+- 2.a4 <ctte8 3.�e2
.
Havana , 2003
J.d8 4.<ctt dl J.c7 S.J.e3! J.eS 6.J.cS i.c3
7.<ctt c1 i.g7 8.J.b4 i.d4 9.J.d6 i.fl
IO.<cttb2 i.d4 1l.<ctt b3 i.g7 12.aS c;t>d7
13.a6 <ctt c8 14.<cttcl Black resigns.
S. Mirkovic - M. Raicevic
Pula, 1982
White moves - Win
1.<ctt f2! <cttf6 2.<ctte3 <ctt e7 3.<cttd4 c;t>f6 4.83

.i.e8 S .i.e4 .id7 6.<ctt c3 .i.e8 7.c;t>b2 .i.d7
•
8.a4! Black resigns, on 8 ... .i.e8 9 .a5 J.d7

10.c;t>c3 c;t>g7 11.c;t>d4 c;t>f6 12 .i.g2!
S. Mirkovic - V. Stoica
Bajmok, 1984
White bishop is limited by its own pawns,
but the position is blocked a nd black has no
possibility to come to weak b-pawn. 1.<cttf2
<cttg S 2.'cttg 3 J.e8 3.i.el 3.J. f5? i.a 4!
[3 ...J.h5-+] 4.ba4 b3-+ 3...J.d7 3...i.h5
4.J. h5 c;t>h5 5.<ctt h 3 c;t>g5 6.<cttg 3 c;t>h5
7.<ctth3= 4.i.dl J.e8 S.i.el J.g6 6.i.0
J.h7 7.i.g2 J.g6 8.i.f3 J.e8 9.i.e2
9.J.g4= 9...i.d7 IO.J.dl J.c6 1l.J.0 .Ab7
1l.J.gl i.a8 13.J.hl i.c6 14.J.0 i.d7
IS.J.dl i.e8 16 .iel a draw.
•
White moves - Win
Exception to the rule white pawns isolate

opponent's bishop and black comes into
zugzwang. l.bS! abS 2.<cttbS c;t>d7 2... J!e7
3 ..i.b4 J.d8 4.c;t>c6 c;t>f7 5.c;t>d7, 2.. Wd5 .
3 ..i.b4 .i.c7 4 ..i.a5 i.b8 5.J.b6 i.e5 6.fe5

c;t>e5 7.J.c7 3 .i.b4 ! .i.c7 4.i.aS Black
•
resigns.
34
Bishops of opposite color
Bishops of opposite color C. Salvioli, 1 887
In bishops of opposite color endings material

advantage is significantly lesser. In most of
cases material advantage of two pawns is
enough for a win, while one pawn advantage
leads to a draw.
Double pawns
Positions with double pawns are mainly a

draw, which is approved in the following
example
J. Berger, 1 899 W hite can't attain more then a draw l .cae6

J.h41.J.e4 cadS 3. cat7 J.a3 4.e6 J.h4 with
a draw.
C. Salvioli, 1 887
1.i.gS or straightaway l .c7, nothing would

be gained in case 1 . �c7 J.f3!= 1 ... j,fSl.c7
Ab) 3.c6 3.�c6 i.g2 4.�b6 �d7= 3 ... J.c8 White moves - Win
4 .� cS �t7! only way to a draw, at passive
defense white king would move to b8 which In this position black king is not successful
would lead to a draw S.cab6 cae6 6.�a7 in the battle with the pawns 1 .i. f3 cadS
cadS 7.�bS J.a6 with a draw. 1.�e6 J.h4 3.f6 A aS 4.17 J.h4 S.�f6 i.c3
6.�g6 Ah4 7.cag7 and white conquers a
Isolated pawns b ishop, ifdistance between the pawns is one
file a draw is unavoidable.
The side which has isolated pawns can
succeed in situations where passed pawns
are two or more files away from each other.
35
L. Szabo D. Bronstein
- United pawns
Budapest (ctg), 1 950
Draw
Black moves - a draw Typical draw position, on 1 .e6 would be

followed by 1 J.e6 2.fe6 �e6 And white
•••
I . .thl Opponents agreed to the draw, white

. wouldn 't have enough material for a mate.
has no possibility to move king at bS.
lV.Henneberger, 1 9 1 6
D. Rajkovie - S. Marjanovie
Budva, 2003
White moves - Win
B lack bishop has bad position at square b 3 .

White king i s forced to move t o f6 and
White moves - a draw enables e-pawn progress.
1 .tgS! worse is 1 .J.b4? � t7! 2.�d4 J.c2
Salvioli 's theoretical position is confinned
•
3.e6 �f6 with a draw 1 �d7 this variant

in practice l .�g2 e4 2 .te6 .teS 3 .td7
•••
• •
is possible l ...�t7 2.�d4 J.a2 3 .�c5 J.b3

.td6 4 .te6 g3 S .tf7 �e3 on 5 ... e3 6.J.c4
• •
4.�d6 with e6 and white wins 2.�f4 J.a2

And the pawns would be blocked 6.J.hS
3.J.h4 J.f7 4.� S �e7 S.�h6 �d7 6. �g7
�d2 7.ccWl a draw.
J.dS 7.�f6 and after e6 white easily wins.
36
---.. Bishops of opposite color
Diagonal blockllde V. Kramnik G. Kasparov

-
London (nVS), 2000
Draw
King is not moving from square b7, black White moves - a draw
moves only with bishop at diagonal a4-eS.
1 .teS! a draw, white controls the diagonal
White can't play c6 because this square is
•
bS-h2.
under both black pieces control.
E. Agrest M. Adams
- s. M irkovie S. Brenjo
-
France, 2003 Yugoslavia (ch), 1 994
White moves - a draw White moves - a draw

In this position on the diagram is not difficult White's defense plan is based on b locking
to assure it is a draw. Although weaker for the pawn at queen's side 1.\t>fl as l.\t>el
two pawns white has possibility to block the e4 white's defense point can be seen in the
diagonal bS-h2. Black has no possibility to fol lowing variant 2 . . . .i f6 3 . \t> d 3 .i h4
play g5-g4-g3, because in that case after 4.\t>c4 .tfl 5 .\t>b5 \t> f6 6.�a5 \t>e5 7 . .ifT
.i.g3 Black would lose a pawn. g5 S.\t>b5 \t>d4 9 . .th3 and white b locks the
diagonal a2-gS 3 .te4 a4 on 3 . . . .tf6 4.\t>d3
1 .le7 .te4 1 . .ld6 .tfS 3 .te7 .te6 4 .tbS
•
• • •
White moves king to queen 's side so it can

�fS S .te7 \t>e4 6 .tbS g4 7 .te7 \t> d3
• • •
fight against opponent 's pawns 4 . . . .th4

8 .lb8 a draw.
•
37
5.Ab3 Wf6 6.Wc4 We5 7.Ac2 g5 8.Wb5 Passed pawns

Ae l 9.Ab3 Wf4 1 0 .Wa5 <ct>f3 I I .Wa4 Wf4
1 2 . Ae 6 W e 5 I 3 . A d7 <ct> f4 1 4 . a 3 b a 3 In the bishops of opposite color endings two
1 5 .Wa3 with a draw 4.<ct>d3 Af6 S.Wc2 passed pawns are big advantage, so it is very
other possibility would be 5 .Ab5 ! 1 b3 6.a3 difficult to fight with them. As more files as
Ah4 7 . Aa4 b2 8 . �c 2 i. f6 9 . f4 Ad4 they are far away from each other they
I O.Ac6 �f6 1 1 .a4 g5 1 2 . fg5 <ct>g5 with a present bigger danger for the opponent.
draw Soo.Ah4 6.i.bS a draw.
L. Van Wely A. Sokolov
-
E. Walther R. Fischer
-
Germany, 2003
Zuerich, 1 959

White moves - Win
White's material advantage is not enough
l.a4? unique move which risks a win, Swiss for a win l oo. AdS 2.�n fS 3.�e3 <ct> e6
problemist Fontana showed the right way 4.�f4 �d7 S.�fS AD a draw, black king
1 .h4! �c7 2.�a5 �b8 3.b5 i.a3 4.b6 �c8 controls b - pawn and b i shop prevents
5.�a6 Wb8 6.Ag2 �c8 7.<ct>a7 i.d6 8.a4 creation of the passed pawns at king's side.
and White would win, after the move in the
match black intends to sacrifice the bishop
for a and b pawns and realize a draw position
where opponent has a curve-angular bishop
l oo.�c7 2.b4 �b8 3.aS <ct>a7 4.<ct>c4 i.g3
S.bS An 6.Ae2 6.b6 i. b6 7 .ab 6 �b6
8.�d5 �c7 and because the curve-angular
bishop's rule the position is a draw 6oo.Ae3
7.�b3 Ad2 8.b6 �b7 9.<ct>a4 <ct>c6 1 0.AbS
� on 1 1 .b7 Af4 1 2.a6 <ct>b6 white pawns
are blocked I I .Ae8 Ad a draw.
38
A. Kotov - M. Botvinnik 1 ... �g6 l.g4 this just speedup the end of the
match, more resistant would be 2. �e3 l hS
URS (ch), 1 95 5
•••
3.ghS �hS 4.�e3 gS S.Ab4 g4! White

resigned, on 6.fg4 �g4 7.�d4 Ag8 8.Ad6
f5 9.�e3 Ae6
E. Dizdarevic - S. Mirkovic
Donj i M ilanovac, 1 979
Black moves - Win
1. gS! black creates passed pawns at both

••
sides by sacrificing two pawns, which brings

black a win l.fgS 2.hg5 h4 3 . Ad6 A5 4.g6
!g6 5.5 Af5 6.�b3 �g2-+ l ... d4! 3.ed4
\tIg3 4.Aa3 4 . A e 7 � h4 5 . g6 �g4-+
4 W h4 S.�d3 �gS 6.�e4 h4 7.�fJ 7.d5
•••
!d5 8 � d5 h3-+ 7... AdS White resigns.
.
Black d-pawn bounds opponent's pieces so
white has no possibility to play for a win
G. L aketic - S. Mirkovic 1 �g7 l.Ad h6 3.f4 �f6 4.�f3 AcS
•••
Nova Pazova, 1 99 1 S.�e4 A b4 6.�e3 Ac3 7.�f3 Ab4 8.�g4

AcS 9.�hS �g7 10.�g4 �f6 It became
clear that white's material advantage is just
symbolic l 1 .�fJ Ab4 1 l.�e4 AcS 1 3.Adl
Ab4 14.AhS AcS l S.�d3 A b4 1 6.�e4 a
draw.
Black moves - Win
Black has big material advantage, which can

be realized by creating a passed pawn at
king 's side. Two passed pawns at b and g
file easily resole the match l, lack's benefit.
•
39
s. Mirkovic - Z. Novoselski Bishop attacks opponent's pawns and binds

the king to theirs defense 1 .<;tJe3 <;tJf6 2.Ad
Novi Becej , 1 983
<;tJ gS 3.<;tJ e4 <;tJ h4 4.Ad1 4.<;tJe3 <;tJg3 S.Adl
[S . A e4 Ad4 6.<;tJe2) <;tJg2 6.Ag4= 4 f6 •••
4 . . . �g3 S.Ae2 <;tJg2 6.Ag4= S.Ae2 �g3

6.Adl Ab2 7.Ae2 a draw.
A. Nimzowitsch S. Tarrasch
-
Bad Kissingen, 1 928
l .hS ghS 1 . ..<;tJg7 2 . hg6 �g6 3 . Ac4 fS

4.<;tJf3 �f6 S.AbS <;tJeS 6.c4 with a draw
2.<;tJhS <;tJe7 3.<;tJg6 Ad4 4.�f5 �d6 typical
draw position appeared with blocked passed
pawns on both sides S.�e4 AeS 6.Ac4 a
draw.
B lack moves - a draw
Bishop attacks pawns
1 c4? defense plan: black king blocks and
•••
Bishop attacks the opponent's pawns; the neutralizes pawn 's advantage at queen's
king is engaged in their defense and its side, while bishop defends pawns at king 's
movement is reduced. Activating the king side it should played l . ..AbS ! 2.<;tJg3 [2.g4
brings pawn's loss. fg4 3. hg4 Ae2 4.<;tJg3 A f3=) An ! 3 . h4 hS
4.�f4 Ag2 S . <;tJ fS and it is obvious that
S. Mirkovic G. Zaichik
white can' t win, after the wrong move white
-
Belgrade, 1 988 realized the advantage by activating the king

2.<;tJg3! <;tJcS 3.<;tJf4 <;tJd7 4.Ab4 <;tJe6 S.Acl
Ad7 b lack could try to defend h-pawn
S . . . Ag6 6.<;tJgS <;tJdS 7.g3 bS 8.h4 <;tJc6 9.b3
cb3 I O.cb3 <;tJb6 1 1 .a4 ba4 1 2.ba4 <;tJa6 1 3.aS
�bS 1 4.hS ! Ae8 I S. <;tJfS AhS 1 6.<;tJe4 and
White would win 6.g3 bS 7.<;tJgS <;tJf7 S.h4
AcS 9.<;tJh6 <;tJgS 1 0.b3 cb3 1 1 .cb3 f4 on
I l . . .Ad7 1 2.hS Ae8 1 3 .<;tJgS Ad7 14.�f6
�f8 I S. Ab4 <;tJg8 1 6.<;tJe7 Ac8 1 7. Ac3+-
1 2.gf4 Ad7 1 3.<;tJgS <;tJf7 14.f5 Ac6 1 S.�f4
<;tJe7 1 6.<;tJeS AeS 1 7.<;tJe4 Ac6 1 S.�eS
White moves - a draw AeS 1 9.<;tJdS Af7 20.<;tJcS A eS 2 1 . AeS
40
.id7 22.<oii> b6 <.t>f7 23.f6 Ae8 24.f4 <oii> e6 <ct> e3 1 5 . Ad5 <ct>e2 1 6. Ac4 <ct>e l 1 7.<ct>h2 and
2S.�a6 <oii> f7 26.b4 <oii> e6 27.a4! ba4 28.bS 13 . ..J!(4 14.Ad7 <ct>e l 1 5 . Ab5 and in both
. .
Black resigns. cases black could not win] 1 4 . A f5 f2

[ l 4 . . . A f2 1 5 . <ct> h2 <oii> e 2 1 6 . A d 7 A c 5
Aktil'e King 1 7 . Ab 5 <ct> e 3 ] 1 5 . A h 3 <ct> e 2 1 6 . A fl !
defense's point <oii> fJ [ l 6 . . . <oii> fl a stalemate]
Stronger side activates the king and supports 1 7.Ag2 <oii> e 3 1 8. Afl <ct>e4 1 9.<ct>g2 Ah4
the passed pawn in progressing. 20. Aa6 <ct> e 3 2 1 . <ct> fl and white would
succeed to block the diagonal a6-fl which
K. Djerie - S. Mirkovic guarantees a draw, it led to winning 1 1 . .. <oii> fl
Nova Pazova, 1 973 1 2 . Ab5 <ct>e l 1 3 .<ct>h l <.t>f2 1 2.Ac6 it was
more resistant 1 2 . Ab5 Af4 ! 1 3 .gf4 [ 1 3 .Ac4
<ct> f2 1 4 . Ae6 Ag3 1 5.<ct>h l <ct>e3 1 6 . Ag4
<ct>e4 1 7.<ct>gl <oii>e 3 1 8.<oii> f l e4-+] <ct>f2 1 4.fe5
g3 1 5 . <ct> h3 g2-+ 1 2 f2 1 3. A bS ft t!V
•..
1 4.Aft <oii> ft I S. <oii> h l <oii> fl 1 6.<oii> h 2 <oii> f3

1 7.<oii> h l <ct>e4 White resigns.
8. Kurajica Aa Karpov
-
Skopje, 1 976
Black moves - Win

Black's advantage is in king 's maneuver
capabilities. White king is linked to defense
g3. Black king's arrival at e l concludes.
1 �d6! 2.Aa4 <oii>cS 3.Ad7 <oii> c4 4.Ae6

•••
�d4 S.AdS if white forces the epilogue

5.i.g4 <oii> e4 6.Ad7 <oii>e 3 7.g4 Ah4 black
united passed pawns wou ld conclude
S. �e3 6.Ac6 Afl worse is 6 ... f2? 7 .<oii> g2
••
Black moves - Win
.ic3 8.Ad7 <oii> e 2 9.Ab5 <oii> e l I O. Afl Ad4
1 1 .i.a6 and white would block the diagonal 1 f4! 2.gf4 defeat would be 2.g4 <oii> g 6 with
•••
a6 - fl 7.Ab7 <oii> e 2 8.Ac6 on 8.Ac8 A g I ! <oii> O-e6-d7-c6-b5-c4 2 g4 3 .<oii> g 2 AfS

•••
9 �h l f2 IO.Aa6 <.t>f3 I l . Ad3 <oii>g3 12. Ae2

. 4.<oii> fl gf3 S.<oii> f3 Ae4 6.<oii> fl <oii> g4 7.Ab2
�f4-+ 8 <oii> e l 9.Ad7 Ae3 10.AbS White
••• white is in zugzwang and forced to material
would get defeated quickly in case 1 0. Ag4 concession 7 <oii> f4 8.Act <oii> g4 9.Ab2 c6
•••
t2 I l .Ah3 fl t!V 1 2.Afl <ct>fl 1 3 .<ct>h3 <ct>f2 1 0.Act <oii> h 3 1 l .<oii> g l Ag6 1 2.<oii> h l AhS
14 � g4 Ad4-+ 10 <ct>fl 1 l .Ad7 <ct>el ! it
. ••• 1 3.<oii> g l Adl ! White resigns, on 1 4.<oii> h l
seemed that 1 1 ... Af4 1 2.Ag4 Ag3 1 3 .<ct> h l [ l 4.Ab2 <ct>g4 1 5 .<ct>g2 A fJ 1 6.<oii> f2 <ct>f4]
�e3 [the alternates are J3 ..J!h4 1 4 . Ae6
... <oii> g4 1 5.<ct>g2 <ct>f5 1 6.<ct>f2 <ct>e4 (Karpov) .
41
Bishop against knight and pawn S. Loyd, 1 860
Bishop against knight and pawn (which is

not near the outlet squares) attains a draw
without any major obstacles . Weaker side
can attain a draw on two ways : sacrificing
knight for a pawn, and blocking a pawn. It
might be a problem if a pawn is in sixth
(third) rank, because then in most of cases
stronger side wins.
Y. Averbakh, 1 958
t.J.d7! hl l . ..�f3 2.<ct?e2 h2 3 . J.c6 h i fg

4. J. f3 with a draw 1.J.c6 <ct?gl 3.J.hl ! � gl
on 3 . . . <ct?hl 4.<ct? f2 ! � f5 5.<ct?fl �e3 6.<ct?f2
and black king has no possibility to get out
from the corner of the board 4.<ct?el <ct?h l
S.<ct?f1 ! worse is 5 .<ct?f2? �e3 ! 5..JOe3 6.<ct?fl
and black has no possibility to realize big
material advantage, to attain a draw it is
enough for white to move with a king over
squares fl and f2.
Draw
K. Sakaev J. Sunye Neto
-
White can't win even if opponent 's king

Sao Paulo, 1 99 1
doesn't participate in the battle. Bishop has
possibility to effectively control critical
square d7 from diagonal a4-e8 and h3-c8.
t .<ct?e6 J.bS 1.<ct?e7 J.c6 3.<ct?dS unique
attempt to play for a win, because knight
alone has no possibility to take away all
squares at diagonal a4-e8 from a bishop
3 J.bS 4.<ct?c7 <ct?gl S.�d3 <ct?hl 6.�eS
•••
J.e8 educed because the threat was �c6

7.�d7 <ct? g l S.<ct?dS J.g6 9 .<ct?e 7 J. fS
l O.�cS J.cS! It .�d7 <ct?hl 1 1.<ct?dS J.a6
13.<ct?c7 J.bS 14.�eS J.eS! with a draw.
Black moves - Win
1 ... �c3 1.<ct?e3 � a4! 3.<ct?el 3 .<ct?d4 <ct?b 1
4.<ct?d3 �c5 ! 5.<ct?c3 <ct?a l 6.<ct?c2 �d3 and
42
Bishop and pawn against knight
Black would win 3 �d ! it was played in

••• 1 . .. ;!a4 2.�d2 ! �g2 3 . �c3 �O 4.�b4
thematch 3 . . . lLlb2? 4. �e3 �b I ? [omits the J.c6 S .�cS 1.a4 6.�d6 �f4 7.lLld7 and a
win, it should admit the mistake and move pawn promotes to a queen 1. .. .4c6 2.�t2
back the knight at a4] S.�d2 [in front ofus �h2 3 .�e3 �g3 4.�d4 �f4 S .�cS 1.a4
is a position from previous Loyd's study, 6. �d6 �f5 7 .lLld7+- 2.�f1 ! white comes
which is a draw] lLlc4 6.�d l lLlaS 7.1.g7 to opposition 2 ... �h2 3.�fl white's plan is
lDb3 8.1.f6 lLlcS 9.1.g7 lLld3 1 O. 1.a l ! lLlb4 to move with a king to g7 from where it will
1 l ..tg7 lLlc2 1 2. �d2 lLla3 1 3 . � d l lLlc4 take over squares f7 and g6 from opponent's
14.J.a l ! lLle3 I S .�d2 and also here black bishop; because the knight already controls
saw that its attempts to w i n where squares e8 and hS a diagonal e8-hS would
ineffective, it was a draw because at be totally taken away from bishop 3 ... �h3
15 . . . �a l followed b y 1 6 . � c l ! 4 . � e l 4.�f3 �h4 5.�f4 only now is the import
4.�d3 �b l S.�d2 lLl b 2 and white loses ance of opposition i.e. the move is clear
because it is in zugzwang (Sakaev) 4...lLlc5 2.�fl ! 5 ... 1.f7 6.�f5 � g3 7.�g5 �f3
S.� e2 S. 1.g7 lLld3 6.�e2 lLlb2 and Black 8.�h6 �e3 9.�g7 and White would win.
would win 5 ... �b1 6.�dl the outcome
doesn't change in case 6.�d2 lLlb3 or 6.1.g7
Bishop and pawn against knight
lDa4 6 ... lLld3 7.�d2 lLlb2 8.�c3 � a l
9.�2 lLl d3 ! and B lack would win.
In this type of endings material advantage
Kosek, 1 9 1 0 is not enough for win in most of cases. The
win can be realized if there is possibility: a)
to restrict knight's mobility and b) to form a
zugzwang. I f mentioned conditions are not
met then the match is a draw no matter
material advantage.
L Calvi, 1 847
White moves - Win

The kings are far away from pawns, white
wins on the following way 1 .lLlf6! it pushes
the bishop from square e8 and at the same
time it takes over squares g4 and hS from
black king, when it gets near the pawn
1 . .. .tg6 has several variants depending at
which square a bishop is coming 1... .Ji.(7 White moves - Win
2.�t2! �h2 3 .�O �h3 4.�f4 �h4 S.�f5 1.1.d5! a knight is isolated at the border of
And white would win as in the main variant the board and has no possibility to involve
43
into active defense 1 �e7 1.�fS Wd7

••• is the position that white aimed; the king
3.Wf6 We8 4.e6 Wf8 S.e7 �e8 6.�e6! and controlling the squares fS and hS prevent
black is in zugzwang, with knight's either knight to come out from isolation IO �h8 •.•
one move it would follow �c6 a mate. l I .g6 and White wins, black has to give
away a knight because of zugzwang.
Zahodiakin, 1 93 1 The most common elements which are used
by weaker side are: 1 . Blockade, 2 Stalemate
combinations, 3. Curved - angular bishop.
White moves - Win
I. WcS! threatens to capture knight after c;t>c6 Draw

1 �c7 1.Wd6 �e8 3.�e7 �g7 the best
•••
defense, loses 3 �c7 4.�t7 �dS S.g6 with

...
In this p o s i tion b l ack succe s s fu l l y
g7 4.�g6 c;t>g8 S.�t7 Wh7 on S . . . c;t>h8 white estab l i s hed b lockade, a fter 1 . . . � f8 or
will carry out the same plan as in main 1 ... �b8 black easily gains a draw.
variant 6.Wf6 Wh8
Draw
7.WeS! it would be wrong 7.�g6? �e6 ! White can try with I .Wd7 �c8 1.�d4 �e7
8.�e6 a stalemate 7 ... �h7 8.�e4! white is 3.�e3 �c8 4.�cS Wa8! S.Wc6 �b6! using
maneuvering across the triangle eS, e4 and a stalemate possibility black gains a draw.
f4, as it would lose the tempo and make black
to move 8 Wh8 9.Wf4 �h7 IO.c;t>g4 this
•••
44
Bishop and pawns against knight and pawns
R. Fischer - M. Taimanov The side with bishop has material advantage

Vancuver (nV2), 1 97 1 In following examples the side with bishop
has material advantage. I f pawns are at one
side, the party with bishop can't realize
advantage at correct playing. If pawns are
positioned at both sides, the chances to win
are realistic.
Bonch Osmolovsky - A. Konstantinopolsky

URS, 1 949

1 . 111d3 it was played in the match 1. .. 'it;e4?
••
2 . .ic8 �f4 3 .h4 1Of3 4.h5 1Og5 5.Af5! 1Of3

6.h6 111g 5 7.�g6 1Of3 S.h7 lOe5 9.�f6 and
Black resigns, it would lead to a draw
1... fi;d6 2.Ae2 1Od7 3 .�f1 �e5 4.h4 lOf6
Z.h4 lOf4 3.�fS! �d6 4.�f4 �e7 S.�gS
Wf8 6.�h6 �g8 and black king arrives at
salutary corner.
./
White moves - Win
Bishop and pawns The plan for realizing the advantage:

against knight and pawns a) to form a passed pawn at king's side
b) white king 's penetration at queen's side,
The bishop and the knight are pieces which
c) material conquest
differ a lot. A bishop can control 1 3 squares
maximum and minimum 7. A knight can I .gS hgS 2.hgS fgS 3.�gS �eS 4.Ad3 it
operate at maximum 8 squares and minimum would be wrong 4.f6? lOh7 4 lOd7 S.�g6
•••
2. It follows that bishop is a piece of bigger iLIf6 pawn's further progress is not possible
movement radius but moves only over same because square f6 is inapproachable for a
color squares, while knight can move over bishop 6.�t7! iLIdS 7.Ac4 iL1e3 8.Ae6 iL1g4
whole board apart from square color. 9.�e7 iLIf6 1 0. Ac8 lO e4 1 1 .�d7 �fS
1 2.�c6 �eS 1 3.�b6 lOd6 14.Aa6 �dS
Capablanca believed that bishop in the
IS.AbS white doesn't hustle, a-pawn falls
ending is stronger than knight and he called
anyway IS iLIc8 16.�aS �d6 1 7.Aa6 iL1e7
that advantage "sm all qual ity", which
•••
1 8.�b6 iL1dS 1 9.�b7 iL1e3 2O.Ae2 c4 2 1 .aS

numerically matches half of the pawns. This
Black resigns.
doesn't refer to all positions of course.
45
s. Mirkovic - S. Ivanovic 3. <it>e3 <it>e6 4.<it>d3 <it>f6 5 .<it>e3 <it>g5 6.<it>d3

f4 7.gf4 <it>f4 8.<it>e2 h4 9.<it>f2 <it>e4 I O.h3
Belgrade, 1 976
g3 I 1 . <it>g2=] 3.gh4 f4 [3 . . . <it>f4 4.<it>e2 <it>e4
5 .h5 <it>e5 6.<it>e3 f4 7.<it>d3 <it> f5 8.h6 <it>g6
9.<it>e4 f3 1 0.<it>e3 <it>h6 I l .h3=] 4.h5 <it>f5
5 .h6 <it>g6 6.<it>e4 f3 7. <it>e3 <it>h6 8.h3 <it>g5
9.hg4 <it>g4 1 O. <it> f2= 1. h4 2.<it>f2 2.gh4
••
Ah2 and because of big strength of united

passed pawns black would win 2 Ad4 •••
3.<it>g2 h3 4.<it>hl <it>e6 S.LOdJ Ae3 6.LOf2

Ah6 7.<it>gl <it>dS S.<it>f1 <it>d4 9.<it>e2 Ae3
IO.<it>f1 <it>c4 after I O . . . Af2 1 1 .<it>f2 pawn's
ending is a draw 1 I .<it>e2 Ab6 I 2.<it>f1 <it>d4
1 3 . <it> e2 Ac7 1 4. LO h l f4 I S. gf4 <it> e4
White moves - a draw 1 5 . . . Af4 1 6.LOf2 i.h2 1 7.LOg4 i.c7 1 8. LO f2
h 2 1 9.<it>f3 with a draw
1.<it>e3 Ab7 2.LOh3 g4 3.LOgl Aa6 4.LOh3
4.h3 g3 5.<it>f3 h4 4 AfI in case that black
•••
accepts knight sacrifice after 4 . . . gh3 5 .<it>f2

<it>f4 6 .<it>g l a theoretical draw position
would appear S.LOgl h4 6.<it>f2 AbS 7.<it>e3
Ac4 S.LOh3 on 8.h3 gh3 9.LOh3 <it>g4, 8.<it>f2
<it>f4 9 . LO h3 <it> e4 S Aft 9.LOgl <it> eS
•••
I O.<it>f2 Aa6 I I .<it>e3 A b7 I 2.LOh3 g3

13.hg3 hg3 14.LOgl <it>fS I S.LOe2 g2 16.<it>f2
a draw.
S. Mirkovic - M. Drasko
Kladovo, 1 99 1
16.<it>f2 1 6.LOf2 <it> f4 1 7. <it>fl Ab6 1 8.<it>g l
<it> f3 1 9. <it> h l ! A c 7 [ a fter 1 9 . . <it> f2 or
.
19 ... i.f2 a stalemate appears] 20.LOg4 <it>g4

2 1 . <it>g 1 and because of curve-angular bishop
presence a position is a draw 1 6 <it>f4 •••
1 7.LOg3 Ab6 I S.<it>f1 <it> f3 1 9.LOe2 <it> e3

20.LOg3 Ac7 2 1 .LOfS <it> f3 22.<it>gl Af4
23.LOd4 <it> e3 24.LOfS <it> e4 2S.LOe7 i. e3
26.<it> hl AgS 27.LOc6 <it>dS 2S.LOb4 <it>c4
29.LOc2 <it>c3 30.LOe3 ! a draw.
Side with a bishop has positional advantage
I.LOM a transition into pawn's ending also Bishop is stronger than a knight in the
led to a draw I .LOe5 <it>e5 2.<it>d3 h4 [2 ... <it>d5 following cases: a)when knight is deprived
46
from main happenings b) when passed

pawns are at different sides.
G. Stoltz I Kashdan
- .
The Hague (01), 1 928
IS gS! 1 6.g3 after 1 6.hgS �gS-+ 1 6 gh4

••• •••
1 7.gh4 � g4 1 8.ll)g6 i.fS 1 9.1l)e7 i.e6

20.b4 �h4 black conquest a pawn 21 .�d3
�g4 22.�e4 h4 23.ll)c6 .tfS 24.�dS t3!
2S.bS h3 26.ll)a7 h2 27.b6 hl 1V 28.ll)c6
1Vbl 29.�cS i.e4 White resigns.
Black moves - Win
At the glance it appeared that white has no
B. Spassky R. Fischer
-
weaknesses because a knight is at good

position. But, the advantage is at black's side Santa Monica, 1 966
because its king can engage better position
in the center. The pTan ° for advantage
realization is typical for similar opened
positions and consists of several phases:
a) black king approaches opponent's pawns
b) weak points are fonned in white's position
by combined playing
c) a bishop hold up movement of opponent's
pieces by its activity, and
d) black king's penetration in opponent's
team with material conquest. White moves - Win
1 �f8 2.�fI �e7 3.�e2 �d6 4.�d3
• ••
WdS S.h4 i.c8 6.ll)t3 after 6.f3 i.a6 7.�e3 Typical position where side with a bishop
Wc5 and Black would win 6 i.a6 7.�c3
•••
has decisive positional advantage. White
b6 8.ll)d4 g6 black restricted the knight wins with king's penetration at queen's side
9.ll)c2 �e4 I O.ll)e3 fS 1 t .�d2 f4 1 2.ll)g4 after which a pawn is down at a-file.
if 1 2.ll)c2 i.fl 1 3 .ll)e l �f5 14.f3 gS I S .hgS l .� e3 � f6 2.�f4 2 . i.c2 �e4 2 ll) t7
•••
W gS and king penetrates at g3 1 2 hS ••• 3.�e3 3. i.dS ! ? gS 4.hgS ll)gS S.i.c4 and
13.ll)f6 �fS 14.ll)d7 i.c8 I S.ll)f8 black would find itself in difficult position
47
3 gS it would be more resistant 3 . . . �h6

••• �g8 14.AdS �e7 1 S.Ac4 �c6 0r I S . . . cct>c6
(Gligoric) 4.cct>d3 �f5 S.cct>c4 �h4 6.cct>cS 1 6.AbS cct>c7 1 7. AeS and following would
cct>eS 7.Ab7 cct>f4 S.cct>bS cct>g3 9.cct>a6 �g2 be as in the match 16.At7 �e7
I O . cct> a7 �e3 I l . a4 �c4 1 2 . A dS �e3
13 .Ae6 and White would win 4.bS �b6
S.cct>d3 cct>eS 6.Aa8 cct>d6 on 6 . . . cct>f4 7.cct>c4
cct>g4 S.AO cct>h4 9.cct>cS g4 I O.Ae4 cct>hS
I l .a4+- 7.cct>c4 g4 8.a4 �g8 9.aS �b6 on
9 . . . �f6 I O. h6 with Ae4 1 0. A e4 g3 or
1O . . . �gS I l .g3 �h6 1 2 . Ad3 �gS 1 3 . Ae2
�h6 14.cct>bS+- 1 1 .cct>bS �g8 1 2.Ab1 �b6
13.cct>a6 cct>c6 14.Aal Black resigns.
R. Fiscber - M. Taimanov
Vancouver (�4), 1 97 1 1 7.Ae8! black is in zugzwang 1 7".cct>d8
18.Ag6! decisive piece sacrifice 18".�g6
1 9.cct>b6 cct> d7 lO.cct>cS �e7 1 1 .b4 ab4
U.cb4 �c8 13.aS �d6 14.bS �e4 1S.cct>b6
cct>c8 16.cct>c6 cct>b8 17.b6 Black resigns.
S. Mirkovic - N. Sulava
Vrnjacka Banj a, 1 9S 1
White moves - Win

In the position on the diagram black pawns
of king 's s ide present excellent attack
objective for a bishop, besides that bS and
dS give poss i b i l ity for w hite king 's
penetration, white wins o n following way
1 .cct>d3 �e7 1.Ae8 cct>dS 3.At7 cct>d6 4.cct>c4
cct>c6 S. Ae8 cct>b7 6.cct>bS �c8! 7.Ac6 cct>c7 White moves - Win
8.AdS �e7 after S . . . �d6 9 . cct> a6 �e4
I O.Af7 �g3 I l . Ag6 cct>c6 1 2. AeS cct>c7 1 .cct>g3! �b8 1.cct>b4 it would lead to a win
1 3 .cct>a7 �e2 14 . AhS � f4 I s . A f7 and 2. AcS cct>d6 3 . Ab7 cct>c7 4. AaS cct>d6 S.cct>h4
White would win 9.At7! would give nothing white blench from this variant because of
9.AO �gS or 9. Ab3? cct>b7 I O. Af7 cct>a7 bishop's position at as, which is out of the
I l .Ag6 �g6 1 2 . cct>c6= 9". cct>b7 1 0. A b3 match 1".cct>t7 3.cct>bS cct>g7 4.A c8 Black
cct>a7 1 1 .Ad1 cct>b7 1 2 .if3 cct>c7 1 3.cct>a6
• resigns.
4S
S. Mirkovic - M. Misojcic \!th3 8.�bS g4 9.aS g3 l O . a6 g2 l l . a7 g l 1W

1 2.a81W with a draw 2 ltJd6 3.�d3 ltJfS
..•
Belgrade, 1 980
4. �d7 ltJd6 S.a4 ltJe4 6.\!te3 ltJf6 7. �c6
�d6 S. �bS �eS 9.g3 ltJe4 1 0.�f3 ltJf6
1 1 .�e3 ltJe4 1 2.�f3 a draw.
Side with a knight has material advantage
G. Levenfish - V. Rauzer
URS (ch), 1 937
t .�d3 ltJf6? l . ..ltJd6 ! 2c4 �f6 3 . �c3 �fS=

2.c4 �g6 3.h3? 3. �c3 ! �fS 4.g4 �f4 S .
We2+- 3. . .ltJeS 4.b3 ltJd6 4 . . . � fS S . �c3
lLld6 6.�e3 with transition in position from
the match S.�c3 �fS 6.�e3 ltJf7 7.�el
hS? 7 ... ltJd6= S.g4 hg4 9.fg4 �f6 10.�g3
llJd6 11 .�d3 ltJf7 1 2.h4 �g6 13.�e4 �f6
14.�eS! Black resigns, on 1 4 . . . ltJeS I S .hgS White moves - Win
Wg5 16.�eS �g4 1 7.�e6
The plan for realizing material advantage
K . Mokry - S. Mirkovic consists of pawn 's fonnation weakening at
king's side. Black can react on two ways: a)
Belgrade, 1 988
prevents with pieces form ing o f new
weaknesses, by moving a king and a bishop
closer to its own pawns ; in that case white
would get necessary room in the center and
all forces would support d-pawn 's progress,
which would enable it to realize decisive
advantage b )king and a bishop block a
passed pawn at d-file, and white gets open
hands and manages dec is ive material
advantage.
l .ltJdS! �gS 2.f4! �dS on 2 . . . �h6 3 .ltJe7
\!td6 4.ltJg6+- 3.ltJb4 \!td6 4.ltJd3 gS S.ltJeS
�e6 on S . . . gf4 6.ltJt7 �d7 7.ltJd8 \!td8
l ...\!teS! 2. �c6 2.\!tbS ltJd6 3 . \!tb6 ltJb7 8.\!tdS+- 6.dS �f6 7.\!tcS gf4 S.ltJc6 and
4.\!tb7 �f4 S.a4 \!tg3 6.�b6 \!tg2 7.�aS White won soon.
49
s. Mirkovic S. Tomic
- 1 .�d2 Ad 2.�e4 [a] 2 Wg7 worse is
•••
2 ... WfT 3 . 0 ! A d I 4.�c3 Ac2 5 .Wg5 3.weS

Bela Crkva, I 988
is consistent [b] 3 . 0 ! Wh6 [c] 4.We5 wg7
[d] 5.We6 Ab 1 6.We7 Ac2 7.�g5 Ab l 8.f4
Ac2 9.�e6 Wh6 le] I O.Wf6 Ab l I I .�d4
Ad3 1 2.f5 gf5 [fl I 3 .�fS wh7 14.Wg5 Ae2
second phase of plan 1 5 . �d4 A d l 1 6.�e6
Ae2 1 7.�f4 Adl 1 8.�h5 there is no need
to show third phase moves 3 Wf7 on•••
3 ... Wh6 4.�g5 ! Wg7 5. We6 and white wins

4.�d6 we7 S.�c4 winning would be faster
5.f4 Ab l 6.f5 gfS 7.�fS WfT 8.�e3 wg6
9.�g2 Ac2 I O . � f4 Wh6 I l . W f6 Ae4
1 2 .�e2 Ad3 1 3 .�d4 Ab l 1 4. � f5 Wh7
White moves - Win 1 5 .Wg5 Ad3 1 6.�e3 Ae2 1 7.�g2 A d l
Black pawns are latched at squares o f 1 8.�f4 and last black pawn is down S AdJ
•••
bishop's color, which white uses and moves 6.�e3 Abl 7.�dS wn S.Wf4 we6 9.�c3
over weak black square s. The plan o f Ad3 l 0.f3! Ad l l .WgS Wf7
advantage realization consists of three
phases:
l . white king conquests key square g5 ,
following maneuvers enable first phase
realization
a) knight moves to e4 and represses the king
to g7,
b) white plays 0 with what it defends a
knight and threats Wg5 which can be
prevented only by Wh6,
c) white king moves to e5 with the idea Wf6, 12.�dS! white brings a knight to e3 and
which is prevented by Wg7, prepares f4-f5 with conquering h-pawn
d) followed by We6-e7, �g5, f4, �e6 and 12 Abl 1 3.�e3 Ad3 1 4.f4 Woo I S.fS! gfS
•••
black king has to recede to h6,

l 6.�g2 Wf7 1 7.�f4 A e4 I S.�bS Ad
19.�f4 Abl 20.bS Ae4 21 .�e2 Woo 22.b6
e) after Wf6 and �d4 white plays f5, and it is better 22.�d4 ! We5 2 3 .h6 f4 24.gf4
f) after black's answer gf5 followed by �f5 Wd4 25.f5 22 wn 23.�d4 f4 24.gf4 Ad3
•••
and black king must recede to h7 and let 2S.�f3 25.fS ! 2S WgS 26.�eS Ad 27.15
•••
white king to g5 . Aa4 2S.�g6 AeS 29.�e7 W b7 30.�dS

Af7 3 1 .�f6 WbS 32.�e4! Wb7 33.�d6
2 white brings a knight at f6 and f4 and Ab3 34.f6 wgS 3S.Wg6 Ad 36.�fS Ab3
conquest the h-pawn. 37.�e7 Black resigns.
3. two pawns material advantage realization.
50
P. Leko - M. Adams 1 dS! 2.edS edS 3.rJi;e3 d4 4.rJi;f3 lbe6 S.

• ••
rJi;g3 lbf4 5 . . . �e4 !-+ 6.rJi;f3 lbe6 7.rJi;g3

Dortmund, 200 1
lbcS 7 . . . �e4!-+ 8.rJi;f3 S. h4 lbe4 9.�h3
<i!?f4 I 0.h5 lbt2-+ 8 rJi;dS 9.h4? it is better
•••
9 . .ib5 9 gh4 10.rJi;f4 d3 1 1 .rJi;fS d2 1 2 .ie2

••• •
h3 t 3.rJi;f4 h2 White resigns.
The side with a kn ight has positional

advantage
Knight's advantages are: a) when a bishop

is limited by its own pawns, b) knight is
better blockade piece in certain positions,
and c) knight can create tactical threats.
White moves - Win A. Alekhine - F. Yates
Hastings, 1 925
I.h4! rJi;g7 2.lbe4 rJi;f7 3.rJi;h2 .id3 3 �6
•••
4.li)c5+-, 3 .Ji(l 4.rJi;g3 rJi;e6 5 .lbd2 .id3

•••
6.'�f4+- 4.13 .in 4 .. �6 5.lbc5+-, 4... .h4

.
5.fe4 rJi;f6 6.rJi;g3 rJi;e5 7 .�O+- S.rJi;g3 rJi;e6

6.li)d2 .id3 7.rJi;f4 rJi;f6 8.lbe4 rJ;;f7 9.rJi;gS
.in to.g3 .ie2 l l .lbd2 rJi;g7 l 2.f4 .idl
1 3 . lb c4 B l ack re s i g n s , on 1 3 . . . .ic2
[ l 3 ... .ig4 (Heht) 1 4.lbd6 .ie2 1 5 .f5 gf5
16.lbf5 �h7 1 7. lbd6 .id l I S . lbeS .ie2
1 9.1bf6+-] 14.lbe3 .id3 1 5 . f5 ! .ib l 1 6.fg6
.ig6 1 7 . lbd5 with lbf4-h5
M. Bajsanski S. Mirkovic
- White moves - Win
Belgrade, 1 9 S 1 Lack in black position is that pawns are at
the squares of same color as bishops, and
that enables white to win on the following
way l .fS! gS 2.h4! fixes pawns 2 f6 3.hgS
•••
fgS 4.lbgl ! .id7 S.f6 rJi;e8 5 . . . �t7 6.lbO

�g6 7.lbg5 !+- 6.lbD g4 7.lbh4 .ie6 8.lbg6
.i n 9.lbf4 rJi;d7 1 0. <i!?e2 ! b l ack i s in
zugzwang 1 0 aS I t.<i!?e3 .igS l 2.lbhS .if7
•••
13.lbf4 .ig8 1 4.lbe2 .ie6 t S.rJi;f4 rJi; e8

1 6.rJi;gS <i!? f7 1 7.lbc3 rJi; f8 18.<i!?g6 <i!?g8
1 9.f7! white sacrifices a pawn and doing that
it gets square f6 released for a king 1 9 rJi;f8
••
20.rJi; f6 .in 2 1 .e6 .ihS 22.lbdS .ie8

Black moves - Win 23.lbe3 Black resigns.
51
A. Saidy - R. Fischer t3 33.�g3 tLle3 White resigns.

USA (ch), 1 963
N. Zubarev - Aleksandrov
URS, 1 9 1 5
Black moves
1 . tLlfS 2.�e2 tLle6 3.�d3 hS 4.�e3 �h7

••
S.f3 �g6 6.a4 �fS 7.�e2 gS 8.�f2 tLld8! White moves - Win
9.�d2! �g6 IO.�e3 tLle6 I I .�d3 �fS
12.�e3 f6 13.�e2 �g6 14.�d3 fS I S.�e2 1 .�f2 �e7 l . ..�f7 2.\tle2 <;!tg6 3 .tLle3 �g5
f4 16.�f2 tLlg7 1 6 ... g4! ? 1 7.h3 tLlfS 18.<ottd3 4.g3 ! 2.\tle3 �d8 3.�d4 �c7 4.�cS �c8
g4 19.hg4 hg4 20.fg4 tLlh6 S.tLlh4 �b7 6.g3 �c8 7.tLld3 �d7 8.tLlf4
g6 9.tLl h3 ! h6 1 0.tLlf4 gS l 1 .tLlhS �e8
1 2.tLlf6 � f7 1 3.tLlg4 hS 1 4. tLle3! �g6
I4... h4 1 5 . g h4 gh4 1 6 . tLlg2+-, I 4... g4
1 5 .tLlg2 �g6 1 6 .tLlf4 �f7 1 7.h4 and black
is in zugzwang I S.h4 gh4 1 6.gh4 � e4
1 7.tLlfl �t3 1 8.tLld2 �e2 1 9.tLlb3 �g4
20.tLld4 �h3 21 .tLle2 �fS 22.tLlf4 �g4
2 1 . � e 1 ? 2 1 . � e 2 tLl g4 22 . � g l ! \tl f5
23 . � f3 tLl f6 24. �h2 tLl h 5 2 5 . a5 <ott g5
26.g3 != 21. tLlg4+ 22.�d2 22.�e2 �f5
•.
23.�f3 tLlh2 24.�e2 �e4-+ 22 � fS 23. •••
i.e1 tLl f6 24. i. h4 tLl e4 2S. � e l <ott g4

26.�e2 tLlg3! 27.�d3 27.<ott fl tLlf5 28.�c3
tLle3-+ 27... tLlfS 28.�f2 tLlh4 29.aS 29 .�h4
�h4 30.<ctte 2 \tlg3 3 1 .<ctt fl f3 32.gf3 �f3-+ 23.b4! zugzwang 23 ... �d7 24.�b6 �t3
29_ tLlgl 30.\tlc3 � 31 .�gl �e2 32.�h2 2S.�a6 ��6 26.tLle6 Black resigns.
52
S. Flohr J. R. Capablanca
- R. Vaganian S. Cechelin
-
Moscow, 1 935 URS, 1 968
Black moves - a draw Black moves - Win
The theory researched this type of positions, The knight is on the blockade square and
the side with a knight has chances to play has two tasks, to block c-pawn and attack
for a win in cases where one more weakness b4 and d4 1 . f4! 2.J.f4 <c!tfS 3.J.d2 or 3 .<c!ttJ
.•
is provoked. Capablanca is originally lLld4 4.<c!te3 lLlc2 5 .<c!tf3 lLlb4 3 <c!te4 4.J.c3
•••
defending himselfby putting pawns a t black <c!td3 S.J.al <c!tc2! 6.<c!tf4 <c!tb3 7.<c!tfS lLlb4
squares. 1. b6! 2.f4 �d7 3.lLlf3 f6! 4.<c!td4
•• 8.<c!te6 <c!tc4 9.<c!td6 as 1 0.J.b2 would not
as S.lLld2 �c8 6.lLlbl �e6 7.lLlc3 <c!tc6 8.a3 help I O.c6 lLlc6 ! I I .<c!tc6 a4 1 2.<c!tb6 a3
h6 9.g3 hS ! 1 0.b4 ab4 1 l .ab4 <c!td6 1 2.bS 1 3 .<c!ta5 a2 1 4 .<c!tb6 b4 1 5 .<c!ta5 <c!tb3 1 6. <c!tb5
g6 13.fS gfS 13 . . . �fS 1 4.lLld5 �d7 1 5 . lLl f6 <c!ta3 1 7. <c!tc5 b3-+ 1 0 a4 1 l .J.a3 lLl a6
•••
.i b 5 1 6.lLld5 <c!tc6 1 7.lLle7+- 14.lLle2 �d7 1 2. <c!tc6 b4 1 3 . <c!t b6 lLlb8! 1 4. J. c 1 a3

14 . . . �g8 1 5 .lLlf4 Af1 1 6.h3 J.e8 IS.lLlf4 I S.<c!taS 1 5 . <c!t b7 <c!t d4 ! 1 6. <c!t b 8 <c!tc5-+
.ie8 16.lLldS J.bS 17.lLlb6 J.c6 18.lLlc4 IS lLlc6 White resigns.
•••
We6 1 9.1Llb2 J.bS 20.lLldl J.e2 2 1 .lLltl

.tn 22.lLld3 J.dJ! 23.<c!tdJ <c!teS! 23 ... <c!td5?
24.�d2 ! <c!te4 25.<c!te2 <c!td5 26.<c!ttJ <c!te5
2 7 . h 3 <c!t d 5 2 8 . <c!t f4 <c!t e 6 2 9 . h4+
(Capablanca) 24.<c!te2 <c!te4! 24 ... h4? 25.gh4
f4 26.h5 <c!tfS 27.ef4+- 2S.h3 25.<c!tf2 h4 !
26.gh4 f4= lS <c!tdS 26.<c!tf3 <c!teS! a draw.
••.
53
Pair of bishops against Material advantage

a knight and a bishop The side which has the pair of bishops is
materially stronger and has advantage in
The first chess player who systematically number of pawns. As a rule, the side which
studied the pair of bishops was William has material advantage and pair of bishops
Steinitz. The plan for the side which has the has good chances to win.
pair of bishops is: a) pawn's progression is
necessary so they take away mobility of G. Kasparov S. Gligoric
-
opponent's knights; b) weakening of its own

pawns is meaningless because the bishops Luzern (01), 1 982
can defend pawns from d i stanc e ; c )
important circumstances i s that it can come
to weakening of the opponent's pawns which
can easily become a target to the pair of
bishops.
Limiting the piece 's movement is related to
the theme which is processing here.
This applies exclusively to limiting bishop
and a knight or both bishops in special
circumstances. According to Aleksandar
Macukevic the piece's mobility is limited if
the following conditions are met: White moves - Win
I . the piece is limited by defending other The plan for realizing material advantage:
piece or important point, the king suppol1s b-pawn in its progress after
which the b lack is going to be forced to
2. the piece is linked, i.e. covers stronger
sacrifice a piece for passed pawn l .�b4!
piece or important point,
the alternates are 1.gf4? AD 2.AD ltlb5
3. the piece is attacking piece or important 3 . �c4 ltld4 4.�d4 gf4 i 1.g4? h5 2.gh5 AD
point at the same time 3.AD ltlb5 4.�c4 ltld4 5.�d4 g4 and in
4. existent communication is destroyed by both cases black would get a draw because
played move of curve-angular bishop rule 1 fg3 1 ... ltlfS
•••
2.Afl ltle3 3 .�c5 �e5 4.g4 ! +- 1.hg3 hS

5. the square where a piece can move is 3 .i.n ltlfS 4.f4! gf4 if 4 h4 5 .gh4 gf4
• •••
under the strike of opponent's piece or it is 6.Ag4 �e5 7.AfS �fS 8.�c5 �e6 9.�b6
occupied or blocked by other piece (its own and white wins, interesting would be 4 g4
•••
or opponent's), and 5 . �c5 lhd6 6.Ad3 ltle4 7.Ae4 Ae4 8.b6

6. the way is closed by it's own or opponent's Ab7 9.Ad4 Ae4 1 0. Ae5 Ab7 1 l . Ac7 Ae4
piece. 1 2 . Ad8 Ab7 I 3 . A h4 A e4 1 4 . f5 ! � f5
1 5 .� d6+- (Kasparov) S.gf4 ltlg7 6.�cS
Agl 7.Ad4 h4 8. A g7 hJ 9.Ag4 � e7
lO.AhJ AhJ 1 1 .�b6 Black resigns.
54
Pair of bishops against a knight and a bishop
S. Conquest - C. Bauer
Clichy, 200 I
1 9.J.gS �cS would not help 1 9 . . . <ctreB

20. <ctrc3 J. e 2 2 l . e S J.f3 2 2 . J.bS J.e4
2 3 . <ctr d4 J. b l 2 4 . <ctr e 3 J. fS 2 S . <ctr f4+-
White moves - Win 20.�c3 J.bl 2 1 . J. e7 llJeS 2 1 . . . llJ b B ±
2 2.J.eS J. e4 23.�d4 J.c6 o r 23 . . . J.g6
A passed pawn more at d-file must be 24.d7+- 24.J.hS llJt3 2S.�cS J.dS
control led by b l ack pieces which lose
important part of mob ility and activity
because of that. The plan for realizing the
advantage: I ) white king travels to queen 's
side as it would support the passed pawn 2)
black pieces prevent mentioned opponent's
king penetration 3) as a result of a previous
phase outcome the black king 's side would
be without defense; white pieces are going
to use that and establish decisive material
advantage.
I .W f3 llJcS 2 . �e3 J. b S 3 . J. b4 llJd7
26.J.g4 now everything is resolved, the
decis ion would come very fas t after
position is easily gained for white 26 llJeS •••
1 . llJd3? 4.d7 ! and black would stay with a

after 26 . . .llJh2 27. J.e2 llJf3 2B. J.a6 <ctrd7
.
piece less at best 4.�d4 J.a4 S.J.aS J.bS

29.J.bS the pawn forcibly promotes 27.J.e2
6.i.b7 �eS 7.J.c7 �f7 S.�c3 llJeS 9.�b4
llJd7 2S.�d4 J.b7 29.J.g4 J.dS 30.h4 llJbS
.id7 1 0 .�cS g S educed k i n g ' s s i d e
31 .hS llJc6 32.�cS llJe7 33.de7 �d7 34.h6
weakening, o n 1 0 ... <ctreB I I .J.aS+- ll .J.aS
J.e4 3S.�d4 it was more e ffective win
.ia4 12.J.c3 llJd7 1 3.�b4 J.c2 1 4.�bS
3 S . J.e 6 ! <ctre7 3 6 . <ctr d4 J.g6 3 7 . <ctr e S+-
W eS black Minor pieces have no possibility
3S J.g6 on 3S ... J.h7 36.<ctreS+- 36.J.hS!
•••
to prevent white king coming to c7 14 ... J.d3

Black resigns, on 36 ... J.hS 3 7.h7 and a pawn
1 5 . W c 6 <ctr e B 1 6 . <ctr c7+- l S. J. c6 J.d3
promotes.
16.Wb4 �dS 1 7.J.g7 hS 17 ... llJbB I B .J.f6
WcB 19. J.aB <ctrd7 20.<ctrcS+- l S.J.h6 g4
ss
M. Shereshevsky - S. Yuferov r/;g6 1 0.�e6 lLlf7 I 1 . �b6 knight's mobility

is decreased by this move and zugzwang is
URS, 1 9 7 1
realized 1I Ab4 ll.�n lLldS 13.�c8 �e3
•••
14.�h4 �f6 I S.�n lLlf7
White moves - Win
In cases where pawns are at the same side it 16.r/;e2! the ended phase of the plan, king
is very hard to realize material advantage. has open way to square c6 16 lLl h6 17 .�e6
•••
In the position on the diagram white wins r/;h5 1 8.�el �e7 19.�c3 r/;g6 20.r/;d3
by realizing the following plan: l .piece's �h4 2 1 . �b4 �e7 ll.r/;c4 r/;hS 23.�c3
position constantly betters 2. h5 plays with �h4 24.r/;bS �g3 2S.�d2 r/;h4 26.r/;c6
a i m to weaken opponent ' s pawns 3 . Black resigns.
opponent's knight is limited by both bishops
4. king penetrates to c6 after which black's Positional advantage
position is falling apart l.�n r/;g7 2.�f3
In the following examples piece 's position
r/;h6 3.�e2 �d2 4.r/;f3 r/;h7 S.�d4 lLlh6
and pawn's structure influence the marking
6.�bS �el
of the position.
G. Kasparov J. TImman
-
Wijk aan Zee, 200 1
7.hS! restoring the pawn white ruins the

pawn's structure, after which the bishops are
crucial, worse is 7.�f6 lLlg8 8. �g5 r/;g7
9.r/;e2 �g3 ;!;; 7 ghS 8.�e8! h4 9.�d7
••• White moves - Win
56
Black has two weak pawns at h7 and b 7. The

white's plan consists of combined attack on
weak points. l.i.e1 �g8 2.�f2 bS? this
move speed up the end, more resistant would
be 2 . . . b6 ! 3.ab6 l£lb6 4.i.a5 ! l£lc4 [4 . . . i.c4
5 . ..tfS l£ld5 6. i.d8+-] 5.i.d8 a5 6.i.f6 a4
7. i.. e 7! [worse is 7.i.g5 a3 8 . i.c4 i.c4
9.i.. c l a2 1 0. i.b2 �f7=] a3 8. i.c4 i.c4
9.i.. a 3± 3.i.b4 l£lb2 4.i.fS i.c4 if bishop
abandons the diagonal a2-g8 4 ... i.b7 5 .i.e6
�h8 6.i. f8 and after indefensible i.g7a nice
mate picture would appear S. � e 3 i.dS 9 d4! 1 0.�e2 on 1 0.�e4 i.c6 1 1 .�f4 �c2
•••
6. .ic8 l£lc4 7.�e2 Black resigns. and B lack would win 10 �c2 11 .l£lf4 i. a4
•••
1 2.l£le6 i. b3 1 3 .l£ld4 � b2 1 4.l£lbS a4

S. Tarrasch A. Rubinstein
-
1 S.�e3 a3 1 6.l£la3 � a3 1 7.�d4 �b4
White resigns.
San Sebastian, 1 9 1 2
F. Gheorghiu - F. Olafsson
Athens (zt) , 1 969
Black moves - Win
l ...�eS! 2.g4 i.e3 a fight is over, black has

a piece more because a knight can 't come
back into the match 3.�t3 on 3.l£lf2 i.f2 White moves - Win
4.�f2 �d4 and black would gain decisive
In the position on the diagram beside the pair
material advantage 3 �d4 4.i.b3 i.b7
of bishops white has movable pawn's center.
•••
S.�e2 i.a6 6.i.c2 i.bS! 7.a4 on 7.a3 a4

Possession of the strong square c4 for a
with i.c 1 and as pawn would fall down
knight gives a pos s i b il ity to b lack for
7 ... .id7 8.�t3 �c3 important moment,
persistence defense. White's plan consists
after bishop exchange black king conquers
of opening the position in the center and
white a-pawn 9.�e3
making a space for bishops, after which
passed pawns conclude.
1 .t3 l£ld6 2.g4 worse is 2.e4? fS ! 3 . i.d3 i.b7
57
and white would not have possibility to D. Sadvakasov - V. Kramnik

defend point e4 1 . . . .i b 7 3 . � f1 fS ? ! Astana, 200 I
prevents e4 but weakens the squares in the
center, better would be 3 ... f6 4.e4 ll)c4 and
would be considered e5 4.h3 �f7 S . .id3
.idS 6 .ic3 .ib7
•
Black moves
t ... fS 1.c4 �f7 3.cS as 4.a3 4 .�e3 �e6

5.�d4 4 ... �e6 S.b4 ab4 6.ab4 � eS on
6 ... .1g5?! would be followed by 7.ll)b2 and
7 .i et ! bishop moves to diagonal h2-b8
•
where it has no decent opponent 7... .idS a knight would come back in match 7.�e3
8.�gl .1c49 .icl .1dS 10.gfS! efS 1 1 .1g)
• •
.igS 8.�d3 .1a6 9.�cl would leave better
ll)c4 1 l.�tl lOdl 13 .1fS .tf3 14 .ic8 .1c6
• •
i mpre s sion 9 . � c 3 .1 b 5 1 0 . ll) b 6 w i th
l S . .ieS ll)e4 1 6.�el gS 1 7 .ia6 .1d7
•
chances for a draw 9... �d4
18 .ib7 ll)f6 19 .1g1 .ifS
• •
1 0.ll)c3? this is a decisive mistake, taking

the pawn would lead to a draw I 0 . .1c6 �c4
lO .if6! this is the fastest way to realize
•
1 I ..1d7 �b4 1 2.c6 �a4 1 3.c7 � b4 1 4.c8.
material advantage, united passed pawns .ic8 15 . .ic8 because of the presence of
conclude lO ... �f6 1 1 .e4 .ie6 11.�e3 .1c4 bishops of opposite color black's material
13 .ifJ Black resigns.
• advantage loses its importance to ... .id3
t 1.�b3 .ic4 t l.�cl .idJ 1 3.�b3 .id1
1 4.ll)dl on 1 4 . ll) e2 � e 3 1 5 . ll) f4 .i b 5
1 6 . .idl �t2 1 7. ll)e6 .ie3 white king's side
58
is left without defense 14 ... .te4 l S .te2 • 1 0.�d3! white king moves towards a-pawn
.id5 16.<c!fa4 gS 1 7.bS <c!fcS 1 8.bc6 .tc6 10 <i!a>e7 11 .tgS <c!ffT 1 2.<i!a>c3 .tcS 13.�b2
••• •
1 9.Wb3 <c!fd4 20 .tfl .te1 21 .te2 g4 !

• • <c!fg6 1 4 .tf4 <c!ff6 l S.<i!a>a2 .tb4 1 6 .tcl !
• •
22 .ta6 hS 23.<i!a>c2 .te4 24. <i!a> c 1 .to

• <c!feS 17.gS .taS 1 7 ... <c!ffS I 8 . .ta3+- 1 8.�a3
2S.AcS f4 26.gf4 h4 27.fS g3 28.hgl hgl Black resigns.
Wh ite res igns.
K. Aseev R. Ponomariov
-
B. Gulko T. Radjabov
-
Ohrid, 200 1
Wijk aan lee, 200 I

White moves - Win
1.b4! cb4 l ... �ft) 2 . .tfS cb4 3 . .tb4 would First black centralizes a king. The pawn at
leave to the position from the match 2 .tb4 • dS is safe, and besides that point e6 can help
�ffi 3 .tfS �d7 4 .td7! important moment,
• • as an anchorage. With both sides precise
white estimates that it stands better in the playing a match should be a draw.
bishops of the same color ending 4 <c!fd7 •••
l . .. <c!ffT! 2 .te4 h6 3.�d3 gS 4.hgS hgS
•
S.'it't3 .tdS 6. <i!a>e4 b6 the alternative would

pawns exchange decreases white's chances
have led to a defeat 6 . . . .tgS 7.<i!a>fS .te3 S.<c!ffl <c!feS 6.<c!fe2 <c!fd8 7.f4 g4! ? in case
8 . 'it'g6 .t f4 9 . .tc3 .t e 3 1 0 . .tg7 .td2 7 . . . gf4 8 . � f4 position would be a draw
1 1 . i. h6 .taS 1 2.<i!a>f7 bS 1 3 .cbS abS 1 4 . .tcl
S.<c!fe3 �c7 9 .tg6 it was simpler to play
•
7.ab6 A b6 S .td2 as 9 .th6 a4

• •
on conquering a g-pawn, after 9.�fl <c!fb6
1 0.fS .t e l 1 1 .�g4 .tg3 1 2 . <c!fd4 a draw
would be obvious 9 �b6 10 .teS also this
••• •
can be considered I O.�fl= 10 .tfS 1l .tfT

••• •
it was not late to play l l .�fl .tb4 12 . .thS

[or 1 2.�e4 ! ?= ] .tcS 1 3 . �e2 .tfl 1 4.�fl
<c!fcS I S .iof7 <c!fd4 and appeared bishops of
the same color endi ng would be a draw
1l <i!a>bS 1 2 .te6 .te6 1 3.de6 <c!fc4
••• •
S9
14.f5? decisive mistake, it would lead to a 1 I i.d7! preparation for f5 which would
...
draw 14.cct>e4! d5 1 5.cct>e3 i.d4 16.cct>e2 cct>b5 more limit white pieces U.cct>g3 15 l 3.gfS
1 7 . f5 1 4 . . . i.d4 I S. cct> e2 cct> d S! now efS 14.i.b7 i.bS bishop departs in action
everything is over, b l ack king has with aim to take away a-pawn I S.tnel i.e3
successfully finished its winning march 1 6.tnd i.d3 White resigns.
16.tnf4 cct>eS White resigns, on 1 7.tng6 cct>f6
( 1 7 . . . cct>f5 I S .tne7 cct>e6 1 9.tnc6 i.c3-+ ) Pair ofbishops as compensation
I S .cct>d3 i.f2 1 9.cct>e4 i.g3 20.�f8 d5-+
Active pair of bishop can successfully make
G. Sosonko A. Karpov
- up for the lack of one pawn.
Waddinxveen, 1 979
P. Tregubov A. Kornev
-
RUS (ch), 2003
Black moves
1 . . i.e8! after 1 . . . i.g2 2 . cct>g2 position
Black moves
.
would be equal 1. i.e4 i.d4 3.tnd3 as

4.cct>gl fS S.ef6 worse is 5 .i.O? i.a6 6.i.e2 1 ... fS! 1.tne3 cct>flI better impression would
i.b2 7.tnb2 i.e2-+ S ... gf6 6.g4 cct>tJ 7.b3 have left 2 ... cct>t7 3.i.dS after 3 . tnd5 i.d5
this move is educed, after which a pawn at 4. i.d5 no matter a pawn more, the bishops
a2 is chronic weakness 7 ... cct>e7 8.cct>g3 cct>d6 of opposite color ending would be a draw
9.cct>f4 i.d7 I O.h3 i.bS l I .fl 3 ... i.d7! it is necessary in this situation to
60
avoid bishop exchange, on 3 . . . .1d5? 4.�d5 E. Magerramov - Ezat Mohamed

and white would have real chancel to play
Abu Dabi, 2003
for a win 4.�cl 4.a4 ! ? rti;e7 5 .�c4 g500
4 rti;e7 S.0 rti;d6 6 .1gB h6 7.rti;fl 7 . .i.h7
••• •
.teS S.h4 rti;e500 7 a5 B.rti;e3 rti;cS 9.rti;d3

•••
.teS I O.e3 .1 b l l 1 . .i. t7 g5 1 1.f4 after this

move white pawns at king's side lose their
elasticity, better possibilities 12 . .1g6 .i.b5
1 3 .rti;d2 .i.d700 Il ... .1c6!
Black moves
1. .1d! 1.�dS .1dl 3.14 e6 4.�b6 .1b7

••
S .i.bS .i. b4 6.�7 6.rti;fl rti;e7 7.rti;e2 .1g2

•
S .f3 .i.h3 9.�cS rti;dS 1 0.�a7;!;; 6 rti;e7•••
7.tOeS .1 d B. tOc6 S . �d3 .1 e4 9 .tOcS

[9.�c l .1d2 1 0.�e2 rti;d6�] .1dS 10 . .1c4
13 .rti;dl 1 3 .fg5 hg5 1 4.h4 .1e4 1 5.rti;d2 .1f6 rti;d6 1 1 . �d3 .i.e4� B .1d S . . . <ct>d6?
•••
16.h5 .1g7 1 7 .�d4 rti;d6 I S . .1c4 rti;e500 9.�dS+- 9 .1c6 f5 9 . . . <ct>d6 1 0 . .i.eS rti;e7=
•
13 bS 14.fgS hgS I S.h4 gh4 1 6.gh4 .i.e4

•••
IO.rti;f1 fg4 n .hg4
1 7 .�d4 .1d4 I B.ed4 rti;d4 no matter white
distant passed pawn at h-file the b ishops of
the same color ending is a draw 19.hS rti;eS
lO.h6 rti;(6 11 .h7 rti;g7 11 .i.g6 b4 13.rti;d
•
a draw.
1 1 ...rti;d6!= 1 1 .1e8 rt;;cS 1 3 .i.g6 eS 14.rti;el

• •
rti;d4! IS.rti;dl .1aS I 6.rti;cl .1b4 1 7.f3 .1aS

a draw, on I S . rti;b2 .i.b4 1 9 . .i. e4 .1 a 5
20.�a3 rti;c3=
61
M. Lazic S. Mirkovic
- king is in the cage and has no possibility for
active playing 17.tOdS a draw.
Novi Sad, 1 992
J. Lautier S. Rublevsky
-
Poikovsky, 2003
Black moves
The pawn is lost, but black played this po

sition relying on the strength of the pair of B lack moves
b i shops and apparently b l ack d id n ' t
misjudge 1 . i. f6 also it's possible l .. .i.b7
•• 1 c,t>f8 1.i.b6 c,t>e7 3.13 i.cs 4.tOc7 �d6
•••
2.i.c6 [2. �c6 i.c6 3. i.c6 b4] i.f6! 3. i.b7 S.a6 i.d4! 6.i.d4 c,t>c7 7.Ag7 �b6 8.c,t>a
i.eS and white would not win no matter �a6 9.�e3 c,t>b7 1 0.c,t>f4 Ad3 1 1 .c,t>gS �c6
material advantage 1.�c6 i.b1 3.i.fI i.b7 1 l.c,t>f6 Ac4 l3.h4 1 3 .i.h6 c,t>d7 14.c,t>g7
4.�a7 b4 black bishops have big strength c,t>e6 I S. c,t>h7 i.fl 1 6.g3 i.g2 1 7.f4 i.h3=
S.i.gl i. a6 6 . i. f1 i.b7 7. i. gl i. a6 13 c,t>d7 1 4. Ah6 Aft I S.g3 A el 1 6.f4
•••
opponent's repeated the position 8.tOc6 i.c3 c,t>e8 1 7.c,t>g7 Ag4 1 8.c,t>h7 c,t>e7 1 9.c,t>g7
9.i.dS c,t>e6 lO.i.gS
9 i.c8! a b lu nder would be 9 . . . i.b7

••• lO c,t>CS! blockade triumph, original picture
•••
1 0 .� b4 ! i.b4 I I . i.b7+- 1 0. c,t> f1 i. fS appears where white has three pawns more
I I .i.b3 i.d7 l l.tOe7 i.bS 1 3 .c,t>gl CS! but has no possibility to realize advantage
14.tOdS i.dl I S.tOc7 i.el I6.c,t>gl gS white 1 1 .c,t>f7 AhS 1l.c,t>g7 Ad1 13.Ae7 a draw.
62
J. Roza S. Mirkovic
- I t ... Ac3! the bishops of the same color
ending is a draw. The alternate is 1 1 . . . AeS
corr. 1 975
1 2 .Ac4 .tc6 1 3 . ltldS i.dS 1 4 . i.dS and
presence of b i shops of opposite color
guarantees a draw 1 2.�c3 �c7 1 3.<c!tc4
� b6 14.�d4 �c7 a draw.
Weakness ofthe pair of bishops
The examples from a practice where a side

with the pair of bishops had advantage are
d i scussed i n M aterial a nd P o s i t ional
advantage lessons. But pair of bishops have
Black moves - a draw its own disadvantages:
Black's plan consists of : I . pawns exchange 1. The side which has the pair of bishops is
at king's side 2. transition in bishops of the materially weaker and bishops have no
same color or bishops of opposite color possibility to realize lack of material ( the
ending which depends on white's play lack of one pawn can be successfu l ly
1 .i.f8! 2.b4 nothing substantial would
...
compensated in the most of cases, while as
change in case that white tries 2 . .i.c4 h6 a rule, pair of bishops have no possibility to
3.gh6 .i.h6 4 .b4 gS S . hgS i. gS 6.bS abS compensate lack of two or more pawns).
H:lbS .tf4 8.�c2 i.eS 9.b4� and it's hard 2. Pair of bishops (or one bishop) are limited
to achieve anything more then a draw 2 ... h6 by its own or opponent's pawns because of
3.gh6 3.ltldS hgS 4.hgS i.b7 S.<ctt c 2 .tdS t�t. blocked position (a situation where a
6.cdS .te7 7 . .ta6 .tgS 8.i.d3 Ae3 9 . .tg6 piece loses part of its mobility and activity
rtlc7 and presence of bishops of opposite appears as a result of that)
co lor enables black to preserve a draw
The question is when a pair of bishops stops
3 Ah6 4.bS abS S.i.bS i.g4 6.i.e2 Ae6
...
being an advantage and when their weakness

7.Wc2 gS 8.hgS .l gS 9.b3 i.f6 I O.Ac4
.id7 I t .AdS
becomes obvious .
The p a i r of b i s hops advantage is in
controlling the area (ifofbishop's movement
radius is optimal, for instance bishops
engage central positions e4 and d4 and don't
have real barriers the possibilities for win
are big. But everything it is said here mostly
depends on concrete situation on the board.
63
V. Akopian - U. Adianto can't win anymore S... .tc6 9.bS .te4 10.gS
�b3 l I .b6 .td6 I 2.tl)eS .tbS 13 .tcS �c4
Philadelphia, 1 994
•
14 .td6 �bS Black resigns.

•
A. Matanovic - T. Petrosian
Skopje (YUG-URS), 1 969
White moves - Win

l .b4! this is necessary because the threat was
�b3 1 ...�b3 2.tl)cS �a3 black conquers a
pawn and decreases opponent's material
advantage, however this would not affect the
White moves - Win
outcome of the match, and it would be
proved that bishops don't have enough space White has a pawn more and possibility to
so they can present real compensation, form united passed pawns. The pair if
besides that black king is out of the game bishops have problems with united passed
and has no possibility to participate in pawns, especially if this are the pawns at
coming events 3 .tcl ! �a2 a blunder would
• central files.
be 3 ... �b4? 4.lOa6 and a bishop is down US! much stronger than 1 . �f3 gf4 2.tl)f4
4 .te3! 4.bS J..eS S.lOa4 J.. a5 !=, 4.tl)e6 .td6
•
�f8 3 .gS± 1 ... .te8 2.�t3 .tbS 3.tl)g3 �rr
S . bS .t fl with J.. d S 4 ... .t eS S.g4 .tdS na 3 ... cb3 4 . .tb3 .tc4 S . .tc4 dc4 6.lOe4+-
6.�g3! 6.gS �a3 7.tl)e6 .tgS ! S . .tgS �b4 4.£6 .td7 S.bc4 dc4 6.dS b3 on 6 . . . .i.f4 7.e6
with a draw 6 ... �b2 7.lOe6 J.. e7 .te6 8 .de6 �e6 9.tl)hS .td6 l O. J.. h 7 �eS
1 1 . .t gS �d4 1 2. tl)g3 .tfS I 3 .tl) fS �d3
1 4.tl)e3 c3 I S . .tb3 .tcS I 6.t7 .tfS 1 7 . .tc2
�d4 I S.�e2+- 7.e6 .te6 S.de6 �e6 white
won a piece and realized technically winning
position.
S.tl)c7! S . .tcS .tcS 9.bcS �c3 and white

64
T. Kobaidze - M. Cereteli
URS, 1 969
9.i.d l ! .i.c3 I O. n on 1 0. /l} e4 ! ? .i.b4

1 1 . � e 3 b2 12 . .i. c 2 <ctt e 5 1 3 . f7 .i.e7
14.<ctt e2+- 10 .. .i.b4 1 O . . . <ctt f7 1 1 . .i.e2 <ctte7
.
12 .t c4 b2 I 3 . .i.d3+- 1 l . /l}e4 <ctt d S on

. Black moves - a draw
1 l .. .<ctt f7 12 . .i.e2 b2 I3 . .tc4 <ctt g 6 14 . .td3+-
1 2.�gS <ctt d4 1 3.lll e4 <cttd3 14 .tel! <cttd4
•
1 . .. <ctt e S! it is interesting to mention that
IS./l}dl bl 1 5 . . . .td2 1 6. f8 'tt + - 1 6 .i.c4 •
incorrect analyses from Mihail Judovic's
.tdl 1 7 .i.al .th6 I S.gS .tg7 1 9.Wf4 bl'tt
•
"The encyclopedia ofchess endings " is still
1 9 . . <ctt c 5 2 0 . <ctt f5 <ctt b4 2 1 . <ctt g6 .t fS
.
noted in the literature where it is believed
22. <ctt h 7+- lO . J. b l <ctt d S 1 1 . <ctt fS B lack that position after 1 . . . /l}a8 2. Ah5 is lost for
resigns. black, the same mistake Gary Kasparov had
repe ated in the book "School of chess
masters " Moscow 1 9 87, but with move
Successful defem;e from the pai,. of bishops
2 . . . <ctt f8 ! black gains a draw 3 .<ctt c2 /l}b6 !
4. J.b6 <ctt e 7 with similar position as in the
The collection of the examples for successful match 1.J.b6 We7 a draw.
defense from the pair of bishops is not big.
The most common methods in the practice M. Tal A. Vaisser
-
are:
Sochi, 1 984
1. limiting the bishop's mobility,
2 exchange with aim to transit in bishops
of opposite color ending,
3. blockade and creation of the position
which is not accessible to bishops

65
Besides the pair of bishop white has united M. Gurevich F. Doettling

-
passed pawns at f and g files. If white g

France, 2004
pawn would get support from f-pawn
everything would be over. Only hope for
black is possibility to transit into bishops of
opposite color ending.
1 d3! loses l . ..J.e6 2.�g2 J.g4 3.g6 ltlh6
•••
4.J.e5 �f8 5 .b4 2.�g2 ltld6! 3.J..d6 d2

4.J.. eS WfT precise defense, defeat would
be 4 ... �g8 because 5. J.c2 J.e2 6.�g3 d l t!V
7.J.d l J.d l 8 . f4 J.c2 9.�g4 and united
passed pawns would conclude S.J..c2 J.. e 2
6.g6 � f8! on 6 . . . �g8 7.�g3 d l t!V 8.J.d l
J.d l 9.Wf4 and White would win 7.�g3
dlt'!l S.J..d l J.. dl 9.�f4 J..c2 IO.�gS �e7!
1 1 .f4 �e6 black blocks the critical diagonal In the position on the diagram a centralized
b l - h7 and opponent 's pawns have lost location of b lack p i eces succ e s s fu l ly
elasticity 1 2.a4 neutralizes thepair ofbishops 1 . �f1 � J.. eS
2 . 'itle2 fS 3 . J.. b l ltle7 4. J.. a2 ltl d S ! a
maneuver by which black processes necess
ary piece's centralization, the aim is �d6
and ltlf6 S.f4 J.. g 7 6.WO Wd6 7.e4 fe4
S.We4 ltlf6 9.WO ltldS IO.J.bt white plans
f5 and J.e4 IO ltle7 1 1 .J.. e4 b6 1 2.b4 J.. c3
•••
13.J.. b 7 as 1 4.baS baS I S.We4 the aim is

�d3-c4-b5 IS WcS! t 6.Wd3 J.. f6 1 7.J.. a6
•••
ltldS IS.J.. c S J.. g7 t9.J.. e6 after 1 9. J.d2 a4

20.J.d7 J.b2 white a-pawn would fall down
12 c4! defeat would be 1 2 . . . J.a4? 1 3 .f5

•••
�e5 1 4 . f6 �e6 1 5 .t7 �e7 1 6. �h6 �f8

1 7.g7 Wt7 1 8.�h7 and white withdraws a
queen 1 3.J.. b S a6 1 4. J.. a 7 b5 I S.aS b4
16.J..cS b3 17.J.. d4 c3 I S.J.. c3 white has big
material advantage but has no possibility to
gain more then a draw, total triumph ofb lack
pieces lining I S J.e4 1 9.J.. hS a draw.
•••
1 9... J.. b 2! effective strike 20.J.. dS 20.J.b2

ltlf4+ 20 J.d 2 1 .J.. gS J.. f4 22.J.. h 7 gS 23.
•••
J.. g6 J.. d 24.a4 �b4 2S.J.. eS J.. f4 a draw.

66
S. Mirkovic D. Barlov
-
Vrnj acka Banja, 1 984
lS ... J..d S 25 . . . J..a 3 26.ltlf3 �d6 27. ltld2

�c5 2 8 .ltlb3 ab3 2 9 . � c 3 b2 3 0 . �c2=
26.ltlc4 �f4 27.ltlb2 J.e4 27 ... J.. a3 28.ltla4
White moves J.. b 3 29.ltlc3 J.. c 5 30.ltle4 J.. b 6 3 1 . ltld2
J.. a4 3 2 .�c4 J.. d l 3 3 . ltl f3 J.. f3 and the
t .f4 it would have been considered l .ltlfl
match would end with a draw 28.�c4 J.. a3
1 . ..i.b6 1.�e2 J..c7 3.�e3 gS black decided
19.1l'la4
to create a passed pawn because it calculated
that would have better chances to win 4.fgS
\t>gS S.ltle2 J.. b6? at this moment black
omits relatively easy winning 5 . . . f4 ! 6.�d4
[6.c,t> t2 J.. b6 7.�fl J.. h l-+] f3 7.ltlc3 J..b 6
8 c,t> e5 t2 9.ltld5 J.. c 5 I O.ltlfti J..a7-+ 6.�d3
.
i.cS? 6 . . . f4 ! 7.ltld4 J.. g2-+ 7.ltlc3 �f4

7 . i.g2 8.�e2 � f4 9.J.. d 5 J.. h 3 I O.J.. c 6+
..
8.i.e6 �eS 9.J..c 8 f4 I O.�c4 J..d6 1l .J..h3

t3 1 2.J.. fl �f4 13.ltlbS J.. e 7 14.a3 tries to
exchange pawns at queen's side 14_ J.. e8 on
1 4 .. .i b5 1 5.�b5 J..a 3 1 6. �a5= IS.M J.. f7
.
16.Wc3 J.. f6? 1 6 . . . ab4 1 7 . ab4 �e3-+ 29 ... � eS 29 . . . �e3 30.ltlc5 J.. c 5 3 1 . �c5
1 7.�d3 a4 1 8. ltlc3 J.. b 3 1 9. b S J.. d 8 �t2 32.J.. h 3 �g l 33 . .i e6 t2 3 4 . .i c4 �g2
20.Wd4 J.. b6 2 1 .�d3 J.. cS? 2 1 . . .�g3 ! 3 5 .b6 �f3 36.�d6 �e3 3 7 . J.. fl = 30.ltlc3
22.ll'le4 �h2-+ 22.lobl �fS 23.J.. h3 cct>f4 J.b7 3 1 .ltla4 J.dS 31.�d3 J.e7 33.ltlc3
24.i.f1 �eS 2S.ll'ld2 J..a 8 34.�c4 J.. b7 3S.ltla4 J.d6 36.ltlc3
J.f8 37.ltla4 J.dS 38.�d3 J.. e7 39.ltlc3
J.. e6 40.�e3 J.g4 4 1 .�d3 J.cS 42.ltla4
J. n 43.ltlc3 J.f5 44.� c4 J. d4 4S. ltla4
J.e6 46.�b4 cct>d6 47.b6
67
M. Gurevich V. Ivanchuk
-
Shenyang, 2000
47 .ac8 47 . . . �c6 48. J.b5 �d6 [48 . . . �d5

•••
49.J.c4 �d6 50.b7 J.a7 5 1 .J.e6 �e6 52.

ltJc5 �d5 53.ltJd3 �d4 54.ltJt2 �e3 55.
ltJg4=1 49.J.fl J.c8 with transition into the White moves
position from the match 48.�aS .ab7
49.�b4 .ac6 SO.�aS .ab7 Sl .�b4 �dS 1 .�c3 ltJf4 2.a4? 2 . g3 ! ? ltJe6 [2 . . . ltJh3
S2. .ac4 <;itd6 S3. .afl .adS 53 ... J.c6 54.J.a6 (Gurevich) 3 . J.e3 ltJg5 4.J.g5 hg5 5.�d4
At2 S4.ltJc3 .ab6 54 . . . J.c6 55.ltJb5 �d5 �e7 6.J.a2 J.c6;!;; ] 3.h4;!;; 2 ... ltJg2 3.aS baS
5 6 .ltJ d 4 � d4 5 7 . � a 5 J. b 7 5 8 . � b 5 = 4.baS a6 S.e6!? the alternates are 5. Wd4
SS.ltJdS <;itdS a draw. ltJf4 6.�c5 �c7=, and 5 .i.a2 �e7 6.J.d5
•
J.c8;!;; S fOO 6.�d4 gS 7.�eS? ! 7.�c5 ! ?

•••
A. Aleksandrov - Xu Jun �c7 8. J.d400 7 �e7 8 .acS �d7

.•. •
Istanbul (01), 2000
9 .a f8 ? ! better is 9 . � f6 ;!;; 9 ltJ h4=

• • • •

9 ... ltJe3 ! ? 1 0.h3 g4 I 1 . hg4 ltJg4 1 2 .�f4 h5
White finds an interesting possibility and as 1 3 .J.g7= lO.<;itf6 ltJO ll .ah6 ltJh2 1 2.<;itgS
•
a rule of curve-angular bishop navigates to 00 1 3.<;itf6 1 3 .� f4 ltJd2 1 4. J.c2 ltJe4=

a draw 1..ac4! d2 2.ltJd2 .ad2 3.�d3! it 13 ltJh2 14 .ac1 ltJg4 l S.<;itgS ltJf2 1 6.eS
.•. •
would be wrong 3 . � d2 J.c4 and Black .ae4 17 .aa2 ltJd3 18 .aa3 ltJeS 1 9.�f4
• •
would win 3 .ac4 4.�c4 a draw.

•.• .adS 20 .adS ltJg6 2t .�e4 a draw.
•
68
B. Gelfand Y. Seirawan
- activate. Nevertheless opponent's material
advantage black gains a draw. In positions
Tilburg, 1 990
with blocked cent er b i shops lose their
activity. It is better for weaker side to have
pawns positioned at the same side.
1. ltlc4! 2.J.. c7 �f7 3.h4 gS! with this move
••
it is prevented J.. f4 and hS 4.J.. h S �e7 it

would be wrong 4 'i!lf6? S .J.. d S <st> fS 6.g4
•••
�e6 7.hgS hgS S.J.. g S and White would win,

or 4 rJ?g7 S. J.. d S gh4 6.J.. h4 after J.. g 3-f4
•••
white king moves to queen 's side S.J.. g4

J.. b 7 now i t is clear that white ca n ' t
strengthen the position 6.J.. eS ltleS 7.deS
Black moves - a draw gh4 bishops ending is objectively a draw and
all white's further efforts to play for a win
1 . .gS! an amazing idea, black realizes were ineffective 8.�gl J.. a6 9.�h2 �f7
unapproachab le position for opponent's 1 0.�h3 J.. n 1 l .J.. fS � e7 1 2.<st>h2 J.. e 2
pieces b y sacrificing a pawn, it would be 1 3.�h3 J.. fl 14.J.. e4 �e6 l S.<st>h4 �eS
wrong 1 .4gJ? 2.<st>g2 J.. h4 3.J.. eS ± with
.. • 16.J.. f3
.ibS or 1 .f6? 2.J.. e4 �f7 3.hS ! ± 2.hgS g6
..
3.�g2 �f8 in appeared situation white has

no possibility to approach opponent's pieces,
a draw is unavoidable 4.J..e 2 �e7 S.�tJ
liJc7 a draw.
M. Euwe - A. Alekhine
Netherlands (m/3) , 1 93 7
16 ... �f6 there are a few pawns left at the

board, that's convenient for a weaker side
in similar situations 1 7.�hS <st>g7 1 8.e4
J..d 3 1 9.eS J.. g6 20.�g4 �f7 21 .J.. dS �e7
22.�f4 J.. h 7 23.g3 �f8 it was worth of an
attention 23 . . . �d7 24. J.. e4 J.. g S 2 S .J.. fS
�e7 26.J..c S J.. h 7 with a draw 24.J.. e4 J.. g8
2S.J.. f3 �e7 26.�g4 <st> e6 27.<st>f4 �e7
28.J.. g4 J.. b3 29.J..c 8 � a draw.
Black has successfully blocked opponent's
d - pawn, bi shops has no poss i b i l ity to
69
Pair of bishops against S. Flohr M. Botvinnik

-
two knights Moscow (m/6) , 1 934
In the positions where a center is open, as a

rule, the pair of bishops is stronger then two
knights. Simplifying the position (changing
a bishop for a knight) is very common at
realizing the pair of b ishops advantage. In
closed positions bishop's strength decreases
and knights take over the dominant role.
Also king's activity has significant role.
Material advantage
The side with the pair of b i s hops h as White moves - Win

advantage in number of pawns. As a rule,
this type of positions are winning. 1 .J.e3 lilbS 2.<1!fe2 lilc7 3.<;!id3 black is in
zugzwang , the king must defend square cS,
L. Fressinet M. N. Dublan
- a knight at d7 is l inked, and a knight at c7
also can't move because of J.g4-e6-f7, black
Pamplona, 200 1
is forced to attack (Botvinnik) 3 ...fS 4.efS
gfS S.J.fS lildS 6.J.d2 lil7f6 7.�e4 <;!ic6
8 . J. g6 bS 9. �d3 fi)e1 I O . j, e.4 tJ edS
1l.J.gS lilh5 tl.J.D �f3
White moves - Win
1 .'iYd2! lilbS 2.J.h3 lila6 2 .. lilbd7 3.�c3±

.
3.J.cS lilc7 3 .. lilcs 4.J.cs ! bcs 5. f4+- 4.a4

.
�f7 S.�c3 �e7 6.<1!fb4 <;!idS 7.J.h3 lild7

13.J.d2! the best solution, after l 3. bS? lilhs !
S.J.d7! <1!fd7 9.aS Black resigns.
1 4 . J.hs lilb4 I s . �e4 �d6 black would
Positional advantage have some chances for a draw 13 ... <;!id6
1 4. J. g4 lil f6 l S. J. cS '11f c 6 1 6. J. e 1 e4
In the following examples the side with the 1 7.'11f d4 lilghS l S.J.fS '11f d6 1 9.J.d2 Black
pair of bishops has advantage. Limiting the resigns.
knights mobility is very important.
70
Pair of bishops against two knights
A. Shirov A. Onischuk
- D. Sadvakasov - M. Al Modiahki
Tilburg, 1 997 Doha, 2003
White moves - Win White moves - Win
t .j.d7! l . j.e7? lLlb5 2.�f2 f6= 1 . lLlg6

•• I . f4 ! a6 2 . j. f2 white plans king ' s
l . . .�f8? 2. A d6+- 2.j.d6 lLle6 3.j.b8 lLlc5 centralization after �fl -e2-d3 2 �e7 on
•••
4.j.h3 a5 5.j.a7 lLla4 6.b3 lLlc5 7.b4 ab4 2 ... lLlb6 3 . j.c6 bc6 4.j.d4 lLlc4 5 . a4 and
8.ab4 lLla6 9.b5 lLlc7 IO.j.d7 �f8 1 1 .j.b6 white would conquer a pawn 3.�fI �d6
�e7 1 2.j.c6 �d6 13.j.c7 1 3 .j. a5 lLle7 4.�e2! it would be wrong 4 . j.c6? �c6
l4.j.b4 �e6 l 5 . j. e7 �e7 l 6 . b 6 lLla6 5.j.d4 g6 6.c4 b5 ! black would have good
l7.�f2+- 13 �c7 1 4.j.e8 lLlh8 l4 ... �b6
••• chances for a draw 4 b5 5.�d3 a5 6.j.c6!
•••
l5. A f7 lLle7 l 6.j.e8+- 1 5.�f2 �d8 1 6.b6! �c6 7.ba5 lLlc5 8.�d4 h5 9.�e5 f6 9 ... lLld7
�c8 l 6 ... �e8 l 7 b7+ 17.j.c6 lLl g6 1 8. �e3
. - 1 O.�f5 �b7 1 1 .j.d4 g6 l 2 .�g5+- I O.�f5
l:[je7 1 9.j.d5 �b8 1 9 ... lLld5 20.ed5 �b7 lLlb7 l I .a6 lLld6 1 2.�g6 lLlc4 13.a7 �b7
2 1 .�e4 f6 22.�f5 �b6 23.d6+- 20.�d3! 14.j.c5 Black resigns.
l:[jc8 21 .�c4 Black resigns, on 2 1 . . .lLlb6
22.�c5 lLl a4 2 3 . �d 6 f6 2 4 . � e 7 lLlc5 w. Uhlmann - S. Gligoric
25.�f7 lLld3 26.�g7 lLle l 27.�h6 lLlfJ
28.h4 Hastings, 1 970
White moves - Win
71
White is going to play b4 and g4 and by that l .�dS l .�h6? q"h7 2.�fS i.c3 + l .�e7
it would open a space for the bishops l .b4! q"fl 2.�edS+- 1 q"fS 1 . . . i.dS 2.�e7 �n
.••
cb4 2.i.b4 ll)cS 3.q"d4 after 3. i.cS deS 3.�dS q"e6 4.�b4 ! i.b4 S .cb4 q"dS 6.�f2
black would perfonn a maneuver �eS-d6 �e4 7.a3 q"b3 S.e4+- 2.e4 i.dS 3.edS hS
and would not lose 3 ll)fd7 4. i.dl q"e7
.•• 4.q"fl i.d S.q"e3 q"fT 6.q"d3 i.b2 7.g4
S.g4! hg4 6.hg4 q,, (6 7.�e3 b6 8.gfS gfS hg4 8.hg4 q,, (6 9.d6 q"e6 1 O.gS! as 1 O ... �f5
I l .d7+- 1 l .g6 i.f6 1 2.g7 q" fT 1 3.d7 Black
resigns, on 1 3 . . . i.dS 1 4 . �d6 q"g7 I S .�b7
i.f6 1 6.dS't!V i.dS 1 7.�dS
E. Bogoljubow - A. Alekhine
Gennany (rn/S), 1 934
9.i.cS! ll)cS 9 ...bcS 1 0.i.a4 �bS I I .q"D

q"g6 1 2 . �g3+- 1 0.ab6 as 1 l .i.c2 q"e7
1 2.q"d2 �d8 1 3. i. fS �a4 1 4.b7 q"c7
I S . i.c8 �cS 1 6. fS ll)e4 1 7. � c2 q"b8
1 8.q"b3 ll)d2 1 9.q"a4 �c4 20.f6 ll)eS
21 .q"aS Black resigns.

Side with the knights has material advantage
1 .i.a6 �f3 2.q"g2 h4 2 . . . � f4 3. q"g3 �g6
4 .h3 �geS S . hg4 hg4 6. i.cS= 3 . i. f6! a
R. Fischer - B. Spassky draw, on 3 . . . �f4 4.q"f2 h3 S .q"g3
St. StefanIBelgrade (rn/7) , 1 992
White moves - Win

72
Pair of bishops against two knights
Side with th e knigh ts has positional A. Donchenko M. Steinberg

-
adl'Ontage
URS, 1 967
J. R. Capablanca - A. Alekhine
Buenos Aires (ml I 7), 1 927
Black moves - Win
The pair of bishops appeared to be weak and

White moves - a draw non effective in this position.
The position is blocked and knights are
J .Wg3 l .llJd6 Ac3 2.bc3 d4 3.llJb7? [3. <i!;l f2
dominating.
de3 4. <i!;l e l =] dc3-+ l oo.Ab4! 2.llJd4 <i!;lg6
3.<i!;lg4 f5! 4.<i!;lg3 <i!;lf6 5.llJO Ac5 6.<i!;lf2 loo.g4! 2.fg4 llJg5 3.0 on 3 . <i!;l d3 llJg4 4.Ae 1
i.b4 7.llJe5 Ad6 S.llJO Ab4 9.h4 <i!;lg6 llJf3 5. <i!;l e2 llJe l 6. <i!;l e l f3 7.Ae6 llJf6 8.Af5
I O.llJe2 <i!;l g5 9. <i!;l d2 <i!;l f4-+ 3oo.<i!;lg3 4.Ael <i!;lg2
5.Ah4 llJO! conclusive combination 6.Af6
llJg5 ! f-pawn is promoting into a queen
7.Ag5 0 S.<i!;ld2 f2 White resigns.
IOoo.AcS! 1 1 .llJg3 Ae6 1 2.h5 <i!;lh6 13.<i!;le2

i.e7 14.<i!;ld2 AdS 15.llJd4 1 5 . <i!;l c3 Aa5
16. <i!;l d4 Ab6 1 7. <i!;l e5 Ae3 1 8.llJd4 Ad4
1 9. <i!;ld4= 1 5oo.AcS 1 6.<i!;lc2 Aa5 1 7.<i!;ldl
i.b4 I S.<i!;le2 Ad7 a draw.
73
Pair of bishops against White creates a passed pawn at king's side

which drags away opponent's pieces l .g4
the pair of bishops
i.e4 2.<;itg3 as 3.i.t7 i.c6 3 . . . i. f8 4.h4
i.g7 5 . h5 g5 6.i.e6 i.c6 7.i.g7 <;itg7 8.fg5
Material advantage hg5 9.<;itfl <;itf6 1 O.i.f5 <;itg7 I I . <;ite 3+- 4.h4
b5 5.i.c3 b4 6.ab4 ab4 7.i.e5 i.e3 S.h5
D. Rogozenko - V. Nevednichy gh5 8 ... g5 9.f5 i.c5 I 0.i.e6 i.b7 1 l .f6 i.e4
Bucharest, 1 995 1 2 . f7 i. f8 1 3 . i. b 3 i. e 7 1 4 . <;it f2 i.c5
1 5 .<;ite2 i.b I 1 6. i.c4+- 9.gh5 i.e4 10.<;itg4
i.c2 I U5 i.dl 1 2.<;itg3 b3 1 3.i.g6 <;itgS
1 4.f6 i.c5 1 5. i. f4 i. e2 1 6. i. h6 i. c4
1 7.i.g7 1 7.<;itg4+- 1 7 i.t7 18.i.t7 <;itt7
•••
1 9.h6 <;itg6 20.<;itO i.b4 2t .<;ite2 i.c3 22.17

i.g7 23.hg7 <;itg7 24.<;itd3 <;itt7 25.<;itc3
Black resigns.
M. Taimanov - W. Uhlmann
Belgrade, 1 970
White moves Win -
t .i.n f6 2.a4 <;itd7 3.i.a3+- <;itc7 3 ... f5 4.d6

<;itd8 4.i.h3! i.a5 4 ... c3 5.d6 <;itb7 6.d7+-
5.i.e7 c3 6.i.f6 <;itd6 6 ... c2 7.i.e5 <;itb7
8.i.f4+- 7.i.n i.cS S.i.d3 <;itc5 9.i.e5
<;itb4 1 O.i.f4 <;ita4 I I .i.c2 <;ita3 1 2.i.c1
<;ita2 l3.f4 i.b4 14.<;itf2 i.a3 1 5.i.a3 <;ita3
1 6.f5 gf5 1 7.efS <;itb2 IS.f6 Black resigns.
E. Gausel - N. De Firmian
Copenhagen, 2002 White moves - Win
t .i.c2 <;ite6 2.<;itg2 i.a3 3.i.e5 i.f8 4.i.c7

i.d5 5.0 i.b4 6.<;itg3 <;itf6 6 ... i.d6 7.i.d6
<;itd6 8.<;itf4 i.e6 9.e4 fe4 1 0.fe4+- 7.i.e5
<;it g6 8 . <;it f4 i. e6 9. i. a4 ! i. f8 I O.e4!
1 O .i.e8 i.fT I I .i.fT <;itfT 1 2 .<;itf5 a4 with
counter-play IO i.h6 1 t .<;itg3 fe4 l 2.fe4
•••
i.d2 13.d5 i.e1 1 4.<;itO i.h3 1 5.i.e8 <;ith6

16.i.f6 Black resigns.
White moves - Win

74
Pair of bishops against the pair of bishops
In the following cases it is demonstrated how L. Gavrilovic J. Petronic

-
to play wllen the pawns are at the same side.

Vrnjacka Banja, 1 999
L. 011 - S. Atalik
Szeged, 1 997
Black moves - Win
Black wins by conquering one more pawn

1 ... gS! 2.J.gS on 2.hg5 h4 ! 3 . Ad6 hg3-+
2 ... �g3 3.Ae8 J.f2 4.�e2 J.c4 S.�d2 J.e6
l..ifS l .f4 gf4 2.Af4 �g7;!;; 1 ... Ag7 2.AcS
6.�e2 J.g4 7.�f1 J.h3 8.�e2 J.e6 9.J.bS
2 . .ig7 �g7 3.f3 �f6;!;; 2 ... AeS 3.g3 AD AM to.J.e8 �g4 1 1 .�f1 (6 and Black soon
3...�g7 4.�e2 Ad5;!;; 4.AfS Ag7 S.Ae7 won.
�g8 6.Ac4 �h7 7.Ae2 J.e2 8.�e2 g4 a
draw, on 9.�e3 �g6 1 O.�f4 h5 Positional advantage
A. Denker M. Najdorf
-
V. Kramnik J. Lautier
-
Groningen, 1 946 Horgen, 1 995
White moves - a draw White moves - Win
l .g4 hS 2.gS J.c3 3.�f2 AfS 4.h4 Ae6 White has united passed pawn and space
S.�e4 AfS 6.J.dS J.e6 a draw. advantage l .h4! Aa2 2.J.d2! AdS 3.Ad
75
Aa2 4.�c3 AdS S.Aa3 Aa2 6.J.e8! AdS 4. �d3 Wh7= l ... i.e6 3.Wn AdS 4.Wtl b4
7.d7 Ac6 8.Am J.a4 9.i.g7 wc7 10.i.h6 S.i.g7 i.m 6.h6 i.g7 7.hg7 i.c6 8.Wgl a4
Ad7 I t .i.f7 wc6 1 l . . . i.e7 1 2 .hS �d8 9.�f4 ab3 10.ab3 Black resigns.
1 3 . J.g7 i.e8 1 4.h6 ! +- 1 l.hS 1 2 .J.gS i.c7
1 3 .Wd4+- ll WdS 13.Ag7 A gS 14.g4
J. Piket B. Kantsler
•••
-
We4
Ohrid, 200 1
Passed pawn concludes, black is forced to White moves - Win

material concession l S.h6 Ah6 1 6.i.h6
WeS 1 7.gS WfS 1 8.g6 �f6 19.AgS �g7 1 .i.cS! A a4 1 . . . dcS 2 . b 7 i. c 7 3 . d6+
lO.Wd4 i.a4 20 . . . bS 2 1 .WeS as 22.i.ffi l.i.al! Black resigns, it would be wrong
Wf8 23. i.e6 Ae6 24.�e6 b4 2S.�dS+ 2. i.c4 i.bS ! 3.i.a2 i.a6
l1 .WeS i.cl ll.Af6 �f8 l3.Wf4 Black
resigns.
R. Fischer W. Unzicker
-
K. Georgiev A. Kha6fman
-
Santa Monica, 1 966
Pardubice, 1 994
Black moves - Win

White moves - Win
1 ...�g7 l.Wgl d4! 3.cd4 cl 4.bcl 4.i.dl
1 .Ah6! bS l.b3! 2. i.g7? J.c4 3 .h6 i.d3 cb2 S . i.c2 i.dS 6.Wt2 b4 7. i.b4 i.e4-+
76
Pair of b ishops against the pair of bishops
4 Aa3 S.dS Wf8 6.<c!iln q;e7 7.�el AeS

•••
8.<c!ilel <c!ild8 9.d6 <c!ild7 10.Ab7 Ae4 1 1 .Ag2

.ib6 I 2.Ab7 AaS 13.q;dl Ab6 1 3 ... <c!ile6
14.Ac8 <c!ild5 I 5 . Ad7 Ab6 1 6.ct>e I Ac5 !
1 7.Ae8 <c!ile4 1 8. Ag6 q; f3-+ (Reshevsky)
14.<c!ilel Ae3 I S.AD �e6 1 5 ... g5 1 6.fg5
�e6 1 7 . A h5 <c!ile5 1 8 .d7 Ab6= 1 6. Ab7
�d7 1 6 ... g5 1 7.hg5 h4 1 8.Ac8 q;f7 1 9.9h4
.lf4 20. A f5 Ac5 2 1 .q;d2 Ad6 22. Ad3
.ig3 23 .g6 <c!ilf6 24.h5= (Unzicker) 1 7.AD
.in 1 8.<c!ilel Aa7 1 9. � a8 �e4 lO.<c!ile1
.le6 a draw.
H.e6! Ae6 1 l ...Ad6 1 2.ed7 Ae7 1 3 . �c6+-
1 2.q;eS Ae1 1 2 ...f5 1 3 .Ad3 Ad6 1 4 .q;d6
A. Dreev - M. Ileseas Cordoba 1 3.q;e6 f5 1 4.Ad3 f4 I S.bS D 1 6.b6 Ae8
Dos Helmanas, 2003 1 7.g3 rj;t7 1 8.b7 Ab7 19.<c!ilb7 <c!ile6 10.q;e6
�n 1 1 .Af4 Ad4 1l.Ae4 <c!il f5 13. q;dS
�b6 14.Aa6 <c!il g6 lS.<c!ile6 An 16.Ad3
<c!ilh5 17.<c!ilf7 Black resigns.
v. Ivanehuk L. Portiseh
-
Debrecen, 1 992
1 .�e3 Ad 1 ... f5 2.e6 �e6 3 . �c6;!;; 1.<c!ild3

.i.el 3.Ae7 g4 4.<c!ile4 �n! S.�eS 5.<c!ilb3
.id4 6 . A f6 <c!ilfS 7 . <c!il a4 q;e8= 5 ... AM
6.c,tld4 <c!ilg8 7 c,tl e3 Agl 8.q;d4 �h4 9.Ad6
.
.ifl 1 0.<c!ile4 Ag3? a mistake, fol lowing

alternates led to equality 10... tJ;g7= 1 1 .e6,
and 10 ie6 1 1 .<c!ild3 �d7=
.••
I .g4! hg4 1.Ag4 Aa6 3.c,tlD Ab7 4.Ae6

Aa6 S.<c!ilg4 Ab7 6.Ae3 c,tlfS? conclusive
mistake, it would lead to a draw 6 . . . Aa6 !
7.h5 gh5 8.c,tlh5 c,tl f8 ! ;!;; 7.Ah6 c,tl e8 8.�gS
�e7 9.Ae7 <c!ile7 I O.<c!ilg5 e4 H.<c!ilg6 e3
1 l. � g4 Ad 1 3 . A el c,tl fS 1 4.hS � h3
15.q;f6 Black resigns.
77
Two knights against two knights P. Murdzia - D. Bunzmann

Griesheim, 2004
In this kind of endings comes to position
simplifying, which can after pieces and
pawns exchange reduce this type of ending
to knight against knight or pawn's ending.
The strategic principles are the same as in
the other type of endings.
F. Prokop, 1 929
Black moves - Win
1 ...fl l.LOh3 <cf;.1d4 3.LOfS 3.LOfl LOefl 4. �e2

c3 S . LOc2 <cf;.1 e4 6 . LOa3 LOg4 7 . LOc2 LOf4
8 . � d l LOf2 9 . � e l L02d3 1 0. � d l LOb2
1 1 .�c l LOe2 I V;t>b l <;t>d3 1 3 . LOe l �d2
1 4. LOc2 LOc4 I S. LOb4 LOd4 1 6. � a2 LOe3
1 7.�b l LOdS 1 8 . LOa2 c2 1 9.�b2 LOb4-+
Hecht 3 <cf;.1c3 4.LOe3 <cf;.1b3 S.LOf2 LOdfl
•••
White moves - Win 6.�el cl 7.LOfS <cf;.1bl 8.LOe3 <cf;.1bl 9.LOc4

LOg4 I O.<cf;.1d3 LOe5! White resigns.
In the position on the diagram white wins
by playing studiously. Black has it's own
pawns on its way, in case there is no pawns J. Pokojowczyk - L. Vogt
on the board a a matech would be a theoretic Slupsk, 1 982
draw.
l .lM7 �a8 1.<cf;.1c7! LOc6 on 2 . . . LOd6 3.LOb6

a mate, or 2 ... LObS 3 .LObS LOe7 4.LOb6 a mate
3.LOc8 and black has no defense for threat
LOdb6 a mate.
Material advantage
In cases where one side has material

advantage a win is reachable b y simplifying
the position and with transition into knight
Black moves - Win
against knight ending. Transition into pawn's
ending is very rare. 1 ... aS 1.LOd6 <cf;.1d4 3.LOfS <cf;.1e4 4.LOd6 �f3
78
Two knig hts against two knights
S.ll)dS ll)e4 6.ll)b7 a4 7.ll)b6? 7.lOdS f3 3.lOe5 2.ll)tlll)bS 3.ll)fe4ll)d7 4.Wgl rj;g7
8.ll)e6 7 fS! 8.ll)a4 f4 9.ll)acS ll)cS IO.ll)cS
••• educed, black knights arc forced to defend
weak pawns cS and f7 S.�h3! rj;h7 if
5 rj;h6 6.rj;h4 black has to recede and let
...
white king on sS 6.ll)gS rj;g7 7.rj;h4 rj;f8

7 ... lObS S.ll)ge4ll)d7 9.rj;g5 with transition
into position from the match 8.ll)ge4 rj;g7
9. rj;gS ll)c6
IO �e3 wit h black's precise pla ying

•••
attained 1I.ll)b3 f3
k ni g h t's cn d in g is
12.ll)d2 12 13.�dl �d3 14.ll)fl ll)g4
IS.�c1 �e2 16.ll)g3 �f3 17.ll)fl ll)e3
White resigns, on lS.lOd2 �e2 19.a4lOc4!
Po.�itioll(ll (Idl'lllll(Ige IO.ll)e8! it would be wrong IO.lOb7'! ll)d4!

the dueat is ll)f3 a mate 10 �f8 1l.ll)8f6
•••
v. Hort - H. Wirthensohn ll)cbS 1 2.rj;h 6 ! zugzwang 12 ll)f6 13.ef6

•••
with knight's exchange white's advantage is

Biel,19S1
larger 13 .lt}d7 14.rj;h7! e S IS.feS ll)eS
••
16.gS ll)c6 17.ll)cS ll)d4 18.rj;h8! ll)c6

19.1l)d3ll)d4 20.cS Black resigns.
P. NikoUc P. Tregubov
-
Sel foss,2002
White moves - Win
Whitc has space advantage and possibility

to pcnetratc with a k in g to hS. On the other
side black knights arc limited in their
mobility an d Ic.)rccd to defcnd we ak c-pawn.
110\\"c\'cr w hi tc s wlIy to win is not easy lit
'
all. 1.�,d6 .;-"d8 wurse is 1 08d6 2.cd6 �bl<

... Whitc movcs - Win
79
White's positional advantage is in better Deference between the pair of bishops and
pawn 's structure at queen 's side. Black two knights can be seen in this example. Two
pawns a4 and b4 became the weaknesses. knights can attack weak pawn, while bishops
1 .a3! ba3 it could be considered l .. .lOc6 ! ? have not this possibility because they move
2.ab4 lOb4 3 .�c3 lObd3 4.CZtc4 CZte6 5.�b5 across squares of opposite color.
g6 6.lOd5 f5 7.lOc3 fe4 8.fe4 h5 9.lOc4 h4
1O.lOb6 �d6 I l .lOba4 lOa4 1 2.lOa4 lOf4 1 .lOdS! lOe4 2.lOdf6 Wh6 3. �e2 lOb2 4.h3
1 3 .b4 lOg2 1 4 . � a6± 2.ba3 CZte6 3.�e3 lOe7 S.g4 hg4 6.hg4 lOe4 7.lOe8 CZth7 8.CZtt3
� 4.lOdc4 we6 S.wb4 lOdl 6.CZta4 �S as
7. �b3 lOe6 8.We3 lO f4 9.lOb2 1Oe2
10.�d2 lOed4 I 1 .Wdl lOe6 1 2.�e3 lOed4
13.a4 lOf4
White forces transition into ending with a

one knight on both sides, decisive influence
on position mark have united passed pawns
14.lOd3 ! lOd3 I S.�d3 CZtb4 1 6.f4! lOe6 at king's side. 9.108d6 lOd6 1 0.lOd6 lOdS
16 ... �a4 1 7.fe5 fe5 1 8.CZtc4+- 1 7.feS feS 1 1 .e4 lOe3 1 2.gS a4 1 3.f6 lOa2 14.f7 CZtg7
18.lOdS �a4 1 9.�e4 CZtaS 20.lOe3 lOf4 I S.g6 Black resigns, on 1 5 . . . lOb4 1 6.lOe8
21 .g3 1Og6 22.lOfS Black resigns. �f8 1 7.lOf6
J. R. Koch J. Lautier
- A. Mastrovasilis S. Skembris
-
Besancon, 1 999 Grece (ch), 1 998
White moves Black moves

80
Two knights against two knights
Blac k ' s advantage i s in more superior There is balance on the diagram, white and
pawn 's stl"ll cture and in more active pieces black pieces are symmetrically positioned
1 tOd3 1.tOe4 �f8 3.tOcS tOb4 4.tOf4 tOts
••• and there is no s i g n i ficant pawn ' s
5.tOe2 rj; e7 6.tOe4 ltle3 7.ltlf4 ltlfS S.ltle2 weaknesses.
f6 9.tOn rj;f7 1 0.ltle4 ltl e3 1 l . tOf4 fS
I ... as 2.rj;b2 tObe6 3.a3 es! 3 ... ba3 4.rj;a3±
l2.tOc3 1 2 .tOgS c;tlto 1 3 tO e2 tOn 1 4.tOh7
4.ab4 ab4 S.rj;c2 lQd4 6.rj;d3 lQSe6 7.rj;d2
.
rJ';e7 I S.ltlgS �d6 1 6 ltl f7 �d5 1 7. ltl eS cS

lQas 7 . . .fS S.tOfl rj;d6 9.ltlb7 rj;c7 1 0.tOcS
.
J S lQ g6 cd4 1 9. ltl gf4 rj;eS 20.tOhS d3

rj;b6 I l .tOa4= S.lQa6 �b3 9.rj;d3 fS 9 ...
.
21 .lQc3 d2 22.ltld 1 �d4-+ 12...ltlfl 13.�c1

ltlc6 1 0.tOb4 ! = 10.lQf2 lQe6 1 l .lQb4! lQeS
�g3 14.�dl �f6 l s.ltlh3 1 l .. .ltlb4 1 2 . rj;c3= 1 2.� c3 ltla4 13 .rj;b3
lQes a draw.
A. Sorin H . U. Caeeres
-
Americana, 1 997
1 5 ... f4! decisive pawn's sacrifice which aim

is to free squares fS for a knight 1 6.lQf4 lQfS
1 7.dS edS IS.tObs lQh4 1 9.rj;e2 tOa2 20.
�a3 lQc1 21 .�e3 rj;eS 22.tOe2 tOfs 23.rj;f2
�e2 24.rj;e2 lQd4 2s.rj;e3 lQb3 26.lQc2 d4
27.rj;d3 h4 2S.tOel White resigns. White moves - a draw
T. Ivanov A. Cherniaev
- 1 .rj;f2 rj;eS 2.rj;e2 rj;d7 3.tOeS rj;e6 4.<;!td3
Russia, 1 995 lQfeS s.g4 gS 6.lQe6 rj;d7 7.tOa7 ltle7 S.e4
f6 9.�e3 9.tOb l tOe6 1 0.ltlc3 tOf4 9 ... c;tle7
1 0.tObl tOe4 1 1 .rj;f2 tOe6 l 2.tObS tOf4
l 3.tO l e3 de4 14.fe4 �d7 I S.lQdl a draw.

SI
J. Hjartarson A. Zapata
- A. Karpov V. Kortschnoi
-
Thessaloniki (01), 1 988 Merano (m/8), 1 98 1
Black moves - Win White moves

l . . . e4! 2.\tld2 the alternates are 2. t2Jc4? l .tOh6 I . <;&d4! tOd6 2.tOh6 <;&f8 3 .tOh5 \tle7
tOc5-+ and 2. ft'c2? tOd4-+ 2 e3 3.\tld3
••• 4.tOg7 fS ! ? S .c4! (S.\tleS tOc4 6.<ct>fS tOc3
tOeS 4.<ct>c2 tOe6 S.tOfS tOe4 6.g4 tOaS 7.tOg8 �f8 8.e7 �g7 9.tOf6 tOdS 1 0.tOdS
7.�eS b3 8.<ct>d3 <ct>f7=] �f6 (S ... bc4 6.�eS c3 7.tOhfS tOfS
8.tOfS <ct>e8 9.<ct>f6 c2 1 0.tOd6 <ct>d8 I l .e7
<ct>c7 1 2 .e8. c l . l 3 .• c8 <ct>d6 14 .• d8 a
mate] 6.cS± (Karpov) I . H�d6 2.<ct>d4 tOe7
3.tOf7 \tle7 4.tOhS cS! S.beS tOe6 6.\tle3
tOeS 7.tOf6 tOe6 8.hS! 8.tOh7 <ct>d7 8 tOfS
•••
9.<ct>e4 \tlb6 1 0.tOgS h6 1 1 .tOf7 �e6
8 b2? 8 . . . c2 ! 9.tOd7 (9.�e4 c l 'iY 1 0.tOd7

•••
\tle8 I l . tOf6 �d8 1 2 .g7 'iYc2-+ ] \tle8

(9. . . <ct>g8? 1 0.�e4 c l 'iY 1 1 .tOf6+-] 1 0.g7
<ct>f7 I l .tOeS �g8 1 2.tOg6 tOc6-+ 9.<ct>c2
tOb3 1 0.tOe4 tOal 1 1 .�bl c2 U.<ct>b2 tOeS
13.tOeS tOa4 14.�cl a draw.
U.tOe8 1 2 .tOh6 tOg7 l 3 .tOfS tOhS 14.tOh5
b4= U ... tOeS 13.�e3 tOa4 14.<ct>d2 b4 1 S.
eb4 tOb4 1 6.tOh6 tOc:S 1 7.tOfS tOdS 1 8.h6
tOe4 19.<it.>d3 tOgS 20.<it.>d4 \tlc:6 2 1 .tOfg7
2 1 .\tleS tOil 22.�e6 tOh6 23.tOh6 tOc7=
21 tOe7 22.tOf6 tOg6 23.tOfS a draw.
•••
82
Miraculous world of combinations
Theory of combinations brief summary
New theory of combinations begins with losses are unavoidable for black l ... �dS
Botvinik's definition: "Chess combination 3.�6cS Ae8 4.�d7 and White soon won.
is forced maneuver with a sacrifice, which White sacrificed a pawn to gain a mateerial
obtains a positive goal". In this definition a advantage. According the piece which is
goal and a sacrifice are very important. As sacrificed a combination is from group " 1 . "
it is said in "Chess School 1 " there are four and according the goal it is from "c) ". The
kinds of a goal: a) a matee b) gaining a draw code for this combination would be "c l ".
c) a mateerial conquest d) everything else.
When it is a sacrifice a mateter there are five Tactic elements can be divided into 1 6
combination categories: groups:
l. Double strike
I. Combinations with pawn's sacrifice
2 Open attack
2. Combinations with knight's sacrifice 3. Linking
4. Dragging
3. Combinations with bishop's sacrifice
5. Routing (guiding)
4. Combinations with rook's sacrifice 6. Overlay
5. Combinations with queen's sacrifice 7. Defense breakdown
8. Freeing the space
9. Blockade
E. Lasker J. R. Capablanca
-
10. The action through the pieces ( x-ray)

St. Petersburg, 1 9 1 4 1 1 . Pieces overload
1 2 . Intermove
1 3 . Pawn penetration
14. Passed pawn
1 5 . Pawn's position breakdown
1 6 . Chase
The elements closely explain the content of
the comb inat ion. The e l e ments were
incorrectly used as a classification for a long
period of time. This approach was confusing.
For instance Igor Bondarevski said: "The
chess is so complicated, in practice you can
White moves - Win find such combinations where d i fferent
tactical ideas overlap and form one whole.
l.eS! square e4 is free for a knight 1 . .. deS Sometimes in this composite of ideas it is
on 1 ... fe5 2.�e4 �d5 3.lah7 White has a hard to give advantage to one of them and
decisive advantage 1.�e4 now, a mateerial to assume it as main idea.
85
B lockade and dragging are overlapping in
Vaganian - Planinec a matech. Mentioned
examples are revealing the weaknesses of
dividing the classifications on topics. The
e s s e n t i a l m i s t ake of t h e s e systea
mateizations is in overlapping the topics,
because there are a large number of cases
which can be dou b l e and even triple
encoded. This approach leads to confusion
and misunderstanding. Chess development
dictates the changes. Now it is the right
White moves - Win moment to realize these changes , it is
moment for different way of combinations
Ulh7! 'i!?h7 2.'lVhS a mate. classification.
Castling position is destroyed but there is New classification of combinations discards
room for king's dictate on h7. uncleamess and i mprecision which can
appear during a mateerial systea mateization.
R. Vaganian A. Planinee
- The exampl e s where only a p i e c e i s
Hastings, 1 974 sacrificed: pawn (AA), knight (iQA), bishop
(AA), rook (.!:lA) and queen ('&V A) were
processed in "Chess School" .
The examples where a piece and one or more
pawns are sacrificed: knight (iQB), bishop
(AB), rook (.!:lB) and queen ( '&V B ) are
processed in "Chess School 2 " .
And, the combinations where several pieces
are sacrificed: knight (iQC), bishop (A C),
rook (.!:lC) and queen ('tlrc) are going to be
processed in "Chess School 3 " .
Black moves - Win
l ... Af5! 2.'lVa8 'lVd6 3.�d iQal ! 4.'lVb7

'lVe7! White resigns.
86
CLASSIFICATION OF DEFINITION OF A
COMBINATIONS COMBINATION
!j AA 1 , 2, 3 11 A A chess combination is a forced

maneuver with a sacrifice that
tQ l;)A l;) leads to a positive outcome.
l;) B l;) + 1 , 2, 3 11 A
l;) C l;)l;) (Botvinnik)
l;) D l;)l;) + 1 , 2, 3 11 A T h i s d e fi n i t i o n ID systea
l;) E li lt) mateization o f combinations
re moves inaccu-racies during
.t AA i.
classification which is inevitable
AB i. + 1 , 2 , 3 11 A
AC i.l;) condition. In example:
AD i.i. AA (code) 1 , 2, 3 II A (sacrifice) is
AE Al;) + 1 , 2, 3 11 A a combination where only pawns
JJ.. F Ai. + 1 , 2 , 3 11 A
are sacrificed.
i. G 1I i-
Some more examples:
� HA H
!l B !l + 1 , 2, 3 11 A t;)A (code) t;) ( s acri fi c e ) ,
!l C Ill;) comb inations where only one
!l D Hi. knight is sacrificed.
!l E Ill;) + 1 , 2 , 3 n A
AC (code) At;) (sacrifice), combi
!I F Hi. + 1 , 2 , 3 11 A
nations where only one bishop and
!l G !ll;)l;)/Hi.l;)/HAA
la H Hlt)lt)/Hi.ll)IHAi. + 1 , 2, 3 11 A one knight are sacrificed.
la l IH HG (code) H A t;) (sacri fi c e ) ,
combinations where only one rook,
� V!!J A V!!J
one bishop and one knight are
V!!J B V!!J + 1 , 2 , 3 11 A
V!!J C sacrificed.
V!!Jl;)
V!!J D V!!Ji. This classification does not rely
V!!J E V!!Jlt) + 1 , 2 , 3 1 1 A upon character of the position or
V!!J F '8 i. + 1 , 2 , 3 11 A some of the motives that found
V!!J G V!!JH
place in the theory of chess. The
V!!J H V!!JH + 1 , 2 , 3 11 A
aim of the combination can be:
V!!J I V!!Jl;)ll)IV!!J A l;)/V!!J i.A
'8J V!!J l;)ll)IV!!J All)IV!!J Ai. + 1 , 2, 3 11 A I Combinations with a matee
V!!J K V!!J Hll)IV!!J H i. attack
V!!J L V!!J Hl;)IV!!J H i. + 1 , 2 , 3 11 A
V!!J M II V!!J 11 Combinations for a draw
I I I Combinations for achieving a
mateerial advantage
IV Other combinations
87
Combinations with knight and pawn sacrifices
(ttJB)
Combinations with knight and pawn sacriticcs (�Rl
B1ilck res i gn s, on4 ... �1'lI5.Qdn '5'f5 6.Uf5

gf5 7.�t.S wg8 8.ligl i,g5 9.a:g5 a m<ttc.
R. Skrobck - O. Kalinin
Warsaw. 1989
Spiers - Davey
London, 1950
Black moves - Win
A diagonal a6-fl opens with knight's

Black moves - Win
sacri fice. blClck quccn has squClrc fl
avaihlblc. preconditions for a matee attack Opening of a d iagona l a7 - gl con c lud e s
arc c rc uted 1 ...4..)el! 2.Ad �fI 3.Ah4 f4 1 ...c2!2.Ac2 't.\'c3 3.Whllllh3! 4.gb3 this
black omits the faster a matee after 3 ... i.gl is edueed because suppressed mate was a
4.�g3 '&cl 5.�t" �e3 a m a te 4.i.f6<i!i'h6 t hreat after ��I and M 4. . . �c4 S.�gl
S.h4 :.tibS! Whitc ,",--signs. on 6.g4 fg3 7.�g.1 i.cs White resigns. on 6.Wn t!'Jhl a milte .
.i t" il JniltC.
A. Mikhalcbishin - Kovalenko V. Anand - V. Bologan
lJRS.1992 New Delhi/Tehenlll. 2000
White moves - Wi n White moves - Win

1.l2\g7! Wg7 2 • ..\td4 Wg8 3.g6! fg6 4.'$'e6 l.lllf6! fieS wi t h accepted .sacri fie!:. hlilCk
91
would be under indefensible attack 1 ... gf6 B. Abramovic - Arvit

2.gf6 h6 [or 2 ... 11e5 3.11g l ! c2 4.�h2 Jig7
Athens, 1 98 1
5.ti'fh6+-] 3 .11gl ! '8'd2 ! 4. ti'fh4 c2 5 .ll)c2
11c3 6.ll)e3 11c l 7.�h2 l1g l 8.11g 1 11e5
9.ll)c4 ti'fd4 I O.ll)d6+- (Ftacnik) 1.g6! fg6
on 2... hg6 3 .'8h4+- oc 2...gf6 3 .ti'ff6 Ag7
4. ti'fd8+- 3.ll)d7 Ae7 in case 3 ... 11f5 4.ll)f5

Ad7 5.ll)d6 Ae7 6.ll)f7 �g8 7.d6 c2 8.de7
cd l ti'f 9.ll)h6 ! gh6 1 0.'8f8 a mate 4.ll)e5 deS
5.'817 h6 5 ... '8b4 6.'8e8 Af8 7.11f3 �g8
8.d6+- 6.'8e8 Black resigns, on 6. '8e8 �h7
7. ti'fg6 �h8 8 .• g7 a mate.
I. Balanel - D. Bronstein
White moves - Win
Bucharest, 1 948
l .c4! '8c4 na 1. .. .4.a6 2.11b6 �f7 3.cd5 ll)c3
4.de6 or 1 ... dc4 2.ef6 gf6 3. '8d4 in both
cases white would win 1.ef6 gf6 2 . . . ll)c3
3. f7+- 3.ll)dl! tWc7 3 ... ll)d2 4. '8f6+- 4.ll)e4
de4 S. .f6 l1g8 6.11g5 l1g5 7. '8f8 �d7
8:r/e7 Black resigns, mate in seven moves
follows 8 . . . �c6 9.11c l �b5 I O.'8'c7 l1g2
I I .�g2 �a4 1 2. Jid6 .i.a6 1 3 . '8c6 Jib5
14.'8'c2 a mate.
I. Bilek - M. Matulovic
Black moves - Win Pecs, 1 968
1. ..d5! with pawn's sacrifice a diagonal a7-

g l is open 1.ed5 .i.c5 3.�hl '8'h4 4.h3
'8'g3! mate can be avoided only after big
white' s material losses 5.hg4 ti'fh4 a mate.
White moves - Win

l :fgc6! �a5 l.lilfl! ll)b5 3.b4! cb4 3 ... �a4
4. '8'a6 �b3 5. '8'a2 �c3 6. '8'b2 a mate
92
Combinations with knight and pawn sacrifices (lLlB)
4.I:la2 lLla3 S.I:lbl ! �d6 5 ... �e5 6.I:la3 ba3 This category of combinations is very rare
7. �b6 \tt a4 8.i.d l a mate 6.cb4 �b4 7.I:lb4 in practice. There are different ways to gain
\ttb4 8.I:lb2 \tt aS 9.�cS B lack resigns, on the draw with knight and pawn sacrifice; a)
9. . . lLlb5 1 0. I:la2 a mate. repeating the moves, b) eternal check, c)
simplifying to a theoretical draw.
G. Serper - N. Tomorhuyag The position on the diagram appeared
Bishkek (zt), 1 993 several times on tournaments, black can
force a draw on the following way 1... lLlg4!
2.fg4 �h4 3.\tt d 2 e3 ! s ingle possibility
which leads to a draw 4.\tt e3 �gS a draw,
on 5.\tt f2 [5.\ttd4? c5 6.dc6 lLlc6 7.\ttd 5 �f6
8.gf5 �f5 a mate] �h4 6.\tt g2 �g4 7.\tt f2
�h4 8.\tt e 3 �g5 with eternal check.
V. Anand G. Kasparov
-
Frankfurt, 2000
White moves - Win
1 .lLlf6! \tt f6 2.eS! B lack resigns, on 2 . . . \tt e5

[2 . . . E9g6 3 . i.d3 \tt h 5 4. I:lh7 a mate, or
2 . Wf5 3 .i.d3 \tt e 5 4. i.d4 \tt f4 5 .I:lf7 a
..
mate] 3 .i.d4 \tt f5 4.i.d3 \tt f4 5 . I:lf7 a mate.
1J Combinations for a draw
M. UUbin - A. Anand
Prestwich, 1 990
1 . . . I:le8! b l ack centralizes a rook and
sacrifices b-pawn, this is only opportunity
for a draw because white has material
advantage 2 . �b6 white accepts the
challenge and takes the sacrificed pawn
2 ... i.c3 3.be3 i.e4! Kasparov sacrifices a
knight 4.�b4 i.g2 S.\tt g2 �gS a draw,
eternal check is unavoidable.
B lack moves - a draw
93
M iraculous world of combinations
III Combinations for achieving material White has quality for a pawn, but weakened
advantage king's position, black's centralized pieces
are ready for decisive strike I ... llJ g4! 2 .i.O
•
P. Velikov - C Arduman accepting the sacrifice would not change the

Athens, 1 989 outcome 2.hg4 !Vf6 3 . .i.h3 !Vf3 4 . .i.g2 !Vg4
oreffort to consolidate white's position after
the central pawn's sacrifice 2.e5 �e7 ! 3 . .i.f3
llJt2 4.'itg2 t»'h4 5 . .i.g4 llJg4 6.!Ve2 llJt2
(Shirov) 2 ...g2! White resigns, on 3 . �g2
[ 3 . .i.g2 �h2 a mate] llJt2 and black would
gain the material.
H . Wirthensohn - Lin Ta
Novi Sad (01), 1 990
White moves - Win
l .eS! crucial penetration in the center I ._feS

black might not accept pawn's sacri fice and
might try with 1 . . . llJb7 after 2.!Vf3 d5 3.cd5
ed5 4J id5 .§.d5 5 . !Vd5 .§.c5 6 . ef6 'itf6
7.!Vg8 white would have winning position
2.llJd6! worse is 2 . .§.d6 ncd6 3 . .§.d6 e4
4. .§.b6 .§.d3 with black counterplay 2... llJd7
3.llJb7 Black resigns.
White moves - Win
S. A. Aarland - A. Shirov With pawn 's sacrifice white opens the
Gausdal, 1 99 1 diagonal a l -h8, and on that way strengthen
its own pieces ' effect l .dS! cdS after 1 ... .i. n
2. !Vh6! 'itg8 [2. . J1h6 3.llJn 'itg8 4.llJh6 a
.
mate, or 2 J1f6 3 .dc6] 3 .!Vg7 ! 'itg7 4.llJg4

...
'itg8 5.llJh6 a mate 2.llJg6! Black resigns,

on 2 ... 'itg8 [2 . . . hg6 3. !Vh6 'itg8 4.�g7 a
mate ] 3 . llJ f8 and white would gain the
material.
Black moves - Win

94
Combinations with knight and pawn sacrifices (It}B)
B. Ilkis - P. Popovic J. Penrose - M. Blau

Igalo, 1 994 Hastings, 1 95 7/5 S

1 lt}f2! with knight's sacrifice white king
.•• B l ack remained w i thout a castling, an
gets out from castling space 2.d6 in case that energetic action routed to a king is necessary,
white accepts the sacrifice right away i t with pawns and knights sacrifices white
would follow 2.�f2 .1d4 3. �g3 [3. �fl opens the position of opponent's king l .e6!
!leS ! or 3 .�f3 IieS ! ] fff e5 ! [3 ... fff e l ? 4.�h2 fe6 2.lt}dS! It}fS short analyses shows that
Ae5 5 . .1f4 .1 f4 6.fff f4] 4.�f3 IieS and b lack has no satisfying defense 2 fffdS .•
Black would win 2 fffd6 3.�f2 .1d4 4.<cti>f3

••• 3 . 'lVe 7 a mate, 2 �S 3 . Ag6, 2 edS
••• •••
.,.6 S.�e4 Iie8 6.<cti>d3 'lVf2! 7.fff c2 c4! 3.Iie7, 2... cdS 3 . .1b5 ! 3.J.fS Black resigns .
there was another way to win 7 . . . fffsJ S.<cti>c4
b5 ! 9.<cti>b5 [9.<cti>d5 'lVc7 ! ] IibS 1 0. �c6 A. Kotov - W. Unzicker
[ 1 O.�c4 Iib4 I I . <cti>d5 'IVeS 1 2. �c6 Iib6
Saltsjobaden ( izt), 1 95 2
1 3 .<cti>d7 fffd 6 1 4.<cti>cS IibS a mate] fffe 5 win
8.'lVc4 J. b2 9.J.b2 Iie3 ! l O.�d4 White
resigns, on 1 0 ... Iie2 1 1 .�d5 'lVg2 1 2 . <cti>d6
!lb2
White moves - Win
l .lt}g7! tactical strike which brakes black

king's side l . <cti>g7 2.J.h6 <cti>g8 3.Iig4 Iig6
••
4.e6! Black resigns.

95
J. R. Capablanea N. Zubarev- best solution would be 1 ... Ylfd8 2.11c5 fl)b3

3.11c4 fl)a5 4.11d4 fff f6 5.fl)f6 �g7 6.fl)d7
Moscow, 1 925
and white would stay with a pawn more 1.h4
lld7 3.h5! 'fWdS 4.h6 Black resigns.
A. Alekhine G. Koltanowski
-
London, 1 93 2
White moves - Win
I.'fWb7! �f4 1.11el ! 2. gf4 'fWb7 3 . 11b7 �d6

active king enables counter-play 1 �e5 on
•••
2. ft;d8 3. fffa8 or 2 rJ1d6 3. 'fWb6 and in both

•• •••
cases white would win 3.d6! �e6 4. 'fWb3 White moves - Win
�f5 5.fffd3 �g5 6.'fWe3 �f5 7.'fWe4 �e6
S.fff e4 �d6 9.11dl �e7 l O .lld7 �d7 Positional knight 's sacrifice, white gets
1 l .fff a6 Black resigns. strong pressure over the open file and the
center 1 .fl)e7! lle7 1.lld6 i.e4 2 � •••
M. Euwe S. Flohr- 3 . 11f3 �e7 4.a4 fff b6 5 .11e6 ! �e6 6 .fl)c5

�d6 7 . fff f6 �c5 8 . 11c3 �b4 9.'fWd6+-,
AmsterdamlKarlsbad (ml8), 1 932
2 lIe8 3 .fl)c5 fl)d8 4.b4 white has three
••
pawns for a piece and has initiative 3.a4!

. a4 4.fl)e5 .b5 5 • f6 �g8 6.fl)d7! lldS
•
7.110 'fWb4 S.d 'fWb5 9.fl)e5! lldeS l O.fl)e6

Black resigns.
White moves - Win
1 .fl)h7! llfdS l � 7 2.i.g6 ! �g8 [2 ... fg6

•••
3 . 11d7+ - ] 3 . 11d7 ! and b lack has no

possibility to prevent a mate, the relatively
96
Combinations with knight and pawn sacrifices (ll:\B)
Stoltze - Lorens dJ ! 3. Ad3 A a t and b l ack had realized

material advantage soon.
corr. 1 964
J. Sajtar - L. Szabo
Bucharest, 1 95 3
Black moves - Win
Black has area advantage, p awn ' s

penetration concludes t .. ll:\dS! 1.edS e4
.
B lack moves - Win

3.ll:\c4 etJ 4.ll:\dl n! worse is 4 . . .f81 5 .ll:\f3
<;t.Jd5 6.�d3 gl 'Wf 7.ll:\g l �e5= S.�dJ the l . ll:\tJ! 1.IltJ 'Wfe4 3.'Wfdt hS! 3 . . . Il f3 ?
. .
impression was that white succeeded to stop 4 . 'fW f3 !V b 1 5 . !V d 5 4.gh S Il fS ! W hite

the pawns, but S... tJ ! 6.�e3 fgl White resigns, on 5 . �g3 Ilg5 6.�12 !Vh4 7.�fl
resigns. 'fWh2 8.Il12 Il g I 9.�e2 !Vh5 I O. Ilf3 Ild l
l l .:d l !Vh2 1 2.:12 !Vh7 and Black would
G. Levenfish V. Rauzer
-
win (L. Sabo).
URS (ch), 1 93 3
Lugo E. Cardenas
-
La Habana, 1 992
B lack moves - Win
White is weak at di agonal a l -h 8 ; this White moves Win _
diagonal opens b y small combination and

g7 bishop's action expends 1 ... ll:\e4! 1.de4 t.e7! 'fWe7 the alternates are 1 .J!e7 2.ll:\b5 ! ,
...
97
1... l1e7 2. lifS, 1. .. We7 2.lide 1 �d8 3 .lie8 G. Kasparov - J. Polgar

�e8 4.1ff c 8 and 1... fGc7 2.efS1ff lifS 3 .lifS
Wijk aan Zee, 2000
1fffS 4.1ffe6 ! 1.lQdS! Black resigns.
Wijesuriya - M. AI Modiahld
Manila (01), 1 992
White moves
l .lQe6! .ie6 l .. .fe6? 2.lifl �e7 3 :f!rg7 �d8

4.lit7+- 1.de6 lie7 on 2. .. ff'c3 3 . .i a4+- or
2. .. f!If1 3 . .ia4 .h4 4.1!VfS lic7 S . .id7 .f4
Black moves - Win 6.'lVb l ! 'lVc4 7.lifl +- 3 .i a4 dS 3 . . . fe6
•
4: �g6 lit7 5 .• e6 bS 6 . .ib3+- 4. 'IV CS !r e4

l ...e4! 1.de4 2.lie4 lQf2! 3.�f2 1ff g3 4.�e2 S .id7 't!Vf4
•
1ff h 2 l ... lQfl! 3.�fl �g3 4.�el � gl

S.�d3 li gl 6.lQe3 lid8! 6 ... de3? 7. 1ff e 2
7. 1\Yd de3 8.�c3 el White resigns.
IV Other combinations
The combinations where a knight and a pawn

are sacrificed are rare.
A knight and a pawn are battle units with
di fferent movement and can be sacri ficed for
different causes.
The combinations with aims that are space 6.1\Ybl !+- fOO 6 . . . 1\Yc4 7.1\Yc 1 .i f6 8.1\Ya3
oriented such as initiative and attack, file !rcS 9.1\Ya8 � g7 1 0.et7 1\YfS I I .� fS �fS
conquest are presented here. 1 2 .J.. e6± 7 .ie6 7.lifl ? lid7 8 .lif4 gf4+
•
7 ... � e7 8 .i dS lid7 9.e4 ! ? 9 .lifl . f1

•
1 O .• fl lidS 1 1 . .f5+- 9 .... e 3 l O.'t!Vh7

�d8 1 0 . . . �e8 I I . .ic6! bc6 1 2 .• g8 .ifS
13 .• e6 lie7 14 . • g6 lit7 I S . !rc6 �e7
1 6.1\Yd6 �e8 1 7. 1\Yd8 a mate It .libl �f4
1 l .te6 lie7 13 .ig4 ID7 1 3 . . . e4 1 4 . 1\Yg8
• •
98
Combinations with knight and pawn sacrifices (lOB)
.ifS 1 5 .• d5 �e8 1 6. lii d I +- 14.'lVd3 'lVd4 A. Shirov G. Kasparov

-
14 . . . �c7 1 5 .'lVd5 �b8 1 6 . .ie6+- l S.Wg6

Linares, 2002
Black resigns.
S. Mirkovic A. Stamatovic
-
Belgrade, 2005
Black moves - Win

Black pieces are not connected and their
effects are not harmonized so its material
White moves advantage can not manifest that easy.
Because of that Kasparov with pawn and
White has advantage, which can be utilized knight sacrifice opens the diagonal a8-h 1 and
by energetic action l .e6! coordination of attacks 1 e3! 2.1Oe3 We4 3.lii e 1 lOb4! 4.
••
black pieces is spoiled b pawn's sacrifice, cb4 .ih6 S.�ht .ie3 6.We2 on 6. liie 3 .81
and necessary conditions for king attack are 7. lii g 2 .ig2 8 . � g l .i f3 9 . � f2 .id l -+
met 1 ... de6 on l . ..fe6 2.lOe5 'lVd5 3 .• g4± 6... liic6 7.aS Wb4 8.lOd6 lii d6 9.We3 'lVd4
2.lOeS 'lVb7 3.liie 3! .id7 4.'lVg4 g6 S.lii d l lO.'lVcl ffdS White resigns.
.ic6
E. Paoli O . Kinnmark
-
Siegen (ol), 1 970
6.1Of7! after this tactical strike white gains

material advantage 6 �f7 7:�e6 �e8 in
•••
case 7 . . /#;;; g 7 8 . .ie5 <#;;; h6 9.lii h3 �g5 1 0. f4

a mate 8 .ieS .id7 9.'lVb3 Black resigns.
•
White moves
t .fS! lOc4 the alternates were nothing better
99
then a move that black have chosen in the

match, for instance 1 efS 2.lOdS 1¥d8
..•
3.Ab6+- or 1 .ig5 2.AgS gfS 3 .Ah6+- and

..•
1 gfS 2.�hS AgS 3 .�gS c,t>h8 4.1¥h6 Ilg8

.•.
S.Ad4+- 2.fg6 hg6 white pieces are actively

positioned and ready for tactical strike
3.lOt7! 1It7 4. 1It7 c,t>t7 S.lIO c,t>g7 6.�g4
lOeS 7.Ad4 uniting the e5 knight and points
g6 and 00, they can't be defended on certain
way 7 lOf6 8.AeS Ae8 9.Af6 Af6 10.lOe4
•••
.i.b2 I I .lOgS 1¥e7 1 2.lOe6 c,t>h7 1 3.lOfB

Black resigns. I O.lIhl ? 1 0.c,t>e l �g3 [ l O . . . cS ! ?+1 1 1 .�f2
1¥h3 1 2.1¥f4 �h l n . c,t>d2 �g2 1 4. c,t>c3
V. Zivkovic S. Mirkovic
-
IlbS I S . 1¥e4 IlcS 1 6.c,t>b2 lIbS 1 7 . c,t> a2
IlaS= IO �g3 1 l .c,t>O lIa2 1 2.gS 1 2.Ilg I
•••
Belgrade, 1 987 !rh3 I 3 .c,t>e l cS+ 1 2 1¥gS 1 3.Ilgl !VCS

•••
14.c,t>g2 !r 0 1 4 . . . �bS I S . !rd2 !rd3 ! -+

I S.�O eO I 6.c,t>0 1Ic2 1 7.lIg4 fS l 8.lIh4
c,t>f6 1 9 . 1Ih6 it is better 1 9.Ilh8 1 9... cS
20.c,t>g3 lIc4 2 1 .h4? 2 1 .1Ih8 ! 2 1 . c,t>g7
••
White resigns.
Black moves
1 eS! 2.feS lOeS 3.deS 3.c,t>g2 lOe4 4.lOe4

•••
de4 S. deS �cS 6. Aa4 1¥eS 7 . Il n Ilb2

8 . Ac2 �g3 9 .c,t> h l 1¥h3 1 0. c,t> g l �g3
1 1 . c,t> h l f6+ 3 :fWeS 4.lIgl c6! S.Ad3
••
S.Ac6 Ilb2 6.!rd3 Ilf2 7.c,t>f2 lOe4 8.c,t>e l

�a l 9.c,t>e2 [9. 1¥d l 1¥c3 1 0. c,t> n �f6
1 1 .c,t>e2 �b2-+] !rb2 1 O.c,t>e l !rf2 I l .c,t>dl
!rg l 1 2. c,t>c2 �g2 I 3 .c,t>c l �h3+ 5. lIb2
••
6.Ad lOe4 7 . lO e4 de4 8 . c,t> (2 1¥cS

8 . . . �f6 ! ? 9.c,t>g2 !r0 1 0.1¥0 e O 1 1 .c,t>0
Ilc2 12 .Ila l lIcS + 9.1Ic1 1¥eS
100
Combinations with bishop and pawn sacrifices
(i.. B)
Combinations with bishop and pawn sacrifices (i.B)
I Mate combinations 'f!Ve8 4 . fe 8 'f!V i.e8 5 . 'f!V e4+- 3.'f!Vh6 � f7

4. 'f!Vh7 �f6 S:t!Vh4! g S 6 .'f!Vh6 � fS 6 . . .� f7
Waluud - Martens H!!V h7! �f6 8.Lifl �e6 9.'f!Vf5 �e7 1 0:�f7
Stockholm, 1 95 8 a mate 7. '5'e6 �f4 8.h3! i.hl 8 ... '5'd7
9.'f!Ve5 �f3 1O.Lifl a mate 9.'5'g4 a mate.
P. Szilagyi M. Taimanov
-
Albena, 1 974
White moves - Win

Decisive influence on position mark have
white pieces ' concentration an king's side,
which allows mate attack; in the position on
the diagram white mates in three moves
B lack moves - Win
1.i.g7! �g7 sacrificed bishop have to be
taken, otherwise white would mate with a t . . .c4! 2:fgc4 i. h3 ! 3.lbe3 3 . gh3 '5'g5
queen on h7 or h8 2.f6! decisive pawn's 4.�h l '5'f4 5.�g2 'f!Vh2 6.�f3 'f!Vh3 a mate
sacrifice while forming the mate net 2 .tf6
.••
3 ... i.d7! 4.g3 i.bS S. '5'ct i.e2! 6.!ife1
3. 'f!Vh7 a mate. i.f3 7.lbg2 !Vh3 white resigns, mate can
not be prevented.
A. Vaisser - B. Jacobs
Capelle la Grande, 1 987 M. M atulovic - E. Vasiukov
Skopje, 1 970
White moves - Win
1 .i.g6! fg6 2.f7 �f8 on 2 . . . �g7 3 . Lie8 ! Black moves - Win

1 03
1. e3 ! 1:tWb7 en 3.<;ftfl e4! 4.�e4 llae8

•• V. Anand - K. Ninov
S.lld8 S.g4 'tWh2 6. 'tWg2 lie l ! 7 . .i e l fe l 'tW Baguio City, 1 9S7
8.<;fte l .g2 S lid8 6.11d8 . h3 7 •• g1
•••
� g l white resigns, mate can not be

prevented S . <;fte2 [S.<;ftg2 fl'tW a mate) fl 'tW
9.<;fte3 'tWft2 1 0.<;ftd3 'tWgf3 a mate.
A. Kotov - M. Yudovich
URS, 1 940
White moves - Win
1 .ih7! �h7 1.g6! �g8 on 2 . . . �g6 3 .• d3

•
fS 4.ef6 �h6 S . �h3 �g6 6 . � g4 �h6

7. 11g1 and White would win 3."i\'h3 tOf6
4.ef6 gf6 S:t!h7 a mate.
White moves - Win M. Gonzales - Garcla Padron
1 .g7! also winning would have been 1.gf7 Montilla, 1 977

or 1. �4 1 . c4 the threat is 'tWg4 and .ih7,
••
taking a pawn is not good l .. .�g7 2.'tWg4

<;ftfB 3 . h6 .ia4 4. 'tWg7 <;fte7 S . 'tWf6 <;ftd7
6. 'tWfl and White would win 1.h6cd3 3. �hS
,ta4 4.lifl �c7 black answers were educed,
a decisive strike is coming S.h7! <;ftg7 6:flgS
Black resigns, on 6.'tWgS <;fthS 7.'tWf6 �h7
S.<;fth2 ! �gS [S ... 'tWc2 9.<;fth3 'fS'd l 1 0. 'fS'fl
�hS I l . 'fS'f6 <;fth7 1 2. 'fS'h4 <;ftg7 1 3 . 'fS'gS
�hS 1 4 .•h6 �gS I S .• e6 �hS 1 6 .• h6
�gS I 7 .• g6 �hS I S.lld l .id I 1 9.�d3 and
White would win (Kotov)) 9.11g 1 �fS White moves - Win
1 O.'tWhS �e7 I l . 'tWaS .ic6 1 2 . 'tWa3 �d7
1 3 .lagS .ib7 14. 11fB! 'tWc2 I S .�h3 �c6 l .AhS! ghS 1.'fS't3! 2.11hS .ie4 3 .�gl .ig7
1 6.lafl .icS 1 7. 'fS'aS .Ad7 I S . 'fS'a6 �c7 4.fg7 �g7 1 .. :tt' d 7 3."i\'hS .ie4 4.�g l !
19 .• a7 �c6 20 .• d7 �b6 2 1 ..a7 �bS .ig7 S.fg7 fS 6. 'fWh7 Black resigns.
22.11b7 �c6 23 . 11b6 a mate.
1 04
Combinations with bishop and pawn sacrifices (AB)
M. Basman - J. Barendregt 1 .e4! ? the alternates are 1. �5 lOd5 2.lOf3

and 1. Dfd1 where white would have
England, 1 968
minimal advantage 1 ... Ae4 2.J.g7 ! fj;g7
3.1\Vg5 fj;h8 4.1\Vf6 fj;g8 a draw.
M. Kostie - A. Dumpor
Yugoslavia, 1 986
White moves - Win
I.Ab6! ab6 1. . . 1!fa6 2. J.c7 .!lc7 3.1\Va6 and

White would win, 1 cb6 2.1\Vc8 a mate
•••
2.a 7! fj;a7 3 .!la3 .a6 3 ... fj;b8 4 . .!la8 a mate

•
4 .!la6 fj;a6 5 •• a8 fj;b5 6.e4! fj;e4 6 �5

• •••
7 . .!ld l cac4 8.1\Va4 fj;c5 9. .!lc l <cW5 1 0 .• c4
a mate, 6 �4 7.1\Vc6 .!lf3 8.1\Vb5 a mate
••• 1 g3 ! 2.fg3 Ah3 ! 3.gh3 Ah6 4.lOd3 1\Vbl
• ••
7 • a4 7 . .!lc l fj;d4 8.1\Va4 fj;e3 9.1\Ve4 fj;t2

•
on 4 ... J.e3? 5.fj;fl .d2 6 ..!la3 .dl 7.lOel
I O . .!lc2 cafl 1 1 . .e2 cag l 1 2 . •g2 a mate Ad2 8 . .!lf3 .e l 9.fj;g2 f5 1 0 . .!lc6 fj;h7
7 fj;d3 7 . . . fj;d5 8 .1\Vb3 fj;c6 9 .• t7 and
••• 1 1 .J.g5 and White would win 5.cag2! it was
White would win 8.1\Ve4 Black resigns. played in the match 5.lOc l ? Ae3 6.fj;h l 1\Vf5
White resigns 5.... d3 6 .!le6 .e2 7.fj;hl
•
11 Combinations for a draw .t3 8.fj;h2 .n with eternal check.
K. Opoeensky - A. Kotov V. Vigfusson - S. Mirkovie

Prague, 1 946 corr. 200 1
White moves - a draw Black moves - a draw

1 05
Black rescues itself by bishop and pawn have decisive influence on position mark,
sacrifice and transits into theoretical draw after two pawns and bishop sacrifice black
1 <c!teS! of course this can ' t pass 1 . . . h5?
__ queen is overloaded ad has no possibility to
2.<c!tg5 <c!tc5 3 ..i.f5 <c!tb5 4 . .i.g6 <c!ta5 5 . .th5 protect Sth rank and the diagonal a l -f6 1 .b4!
.i.d3 6 . .i.g4 <c!tb4 7.h5 a5 S . .i.f5 .i.c4 9.h6 �b4 2.Ildbl �e4 3.i.e2! B lack resigns, on
i.gS 1 O.<c!tg6 a4 1 1 .i.e6! [on 1 1 .<c!tg7? a3 3 . . . 'tWc2 [on 3 . . . /J'c3 4.IlbS lIcS 5.1fc3 with
1 2 . i. b l <c!tb3 1 3 . <c!tgS <c!tb2 1 4 .h7 <c!t b l material conquest, or 3 . . /J'e2 4.IlbS with a
.
1 5 . hStW a2 with a draw] i.e6 1 2 .h7 and mate] 4.i.d3 ! tWc3 [4 . . . tWd3 5 .IlbS ] 5.IlbS
White would win 2.<c!th6 <c!tf6 3. i.b7 or IlcS 6. 'fIc3 and White would win.
3.�h7 i.c4 4. i.b7 i.b3 5.i.e4 i.e6 6.h5
Ab3 7.h6 i.c4 S.<c!thS i.b3 9. i.h7 i.d5
B. Spassky E. Geller
-
IQ .i.gS i.e4 1 1 .i.c4 �g6 1 2 .h7 �h6 with

a draw 3oo.i.d3 4.hS 4. i.d5 i.c2 5 . .i.gS Riga (ml6), 1 965
i.e4 6.i.h7 i.f3 7.i.g6 i.e2 S.i.h5 i.d3
with a draw 4 i. e2 S.i.e4 i.hS! with
•••
bishop's sacrifice black gains a draw position

(Holzhausen, 1 9 1 0 ) 6.<c!thS <c!t e6 7.<c!tgS
<c!td6 8.i.d3 S.�f5 a6 9.i.d3 �c5 1O. i.a6
�b4 8...�cS 9.a6 on 9.�f5 a6 ! I O. i.a6
<c!tb4 white loses its last pawn 9 <c!te6 a •••
dnlw.
III Combinations for achieving material

advantage
White moves - Win
E. Bukie o. Romanishin
-
1 .i.h7! <c!th7 2.g6! <c!tg8 on 2 � 3.tWd3
.•
Moscow, 1 977 f5 [3 ... <c!th5 4.tWh7 <c!tg4 5.Ile4 a mate] 4.ef6

�f6 [4 . . . <c!tf7 5.lDg5 <c!tf6 6.'fIf3 <c!tg6 7.tWf7
<c!th6 S .Ile6 Ile6 9. 'tWe6 g6 I O.tWh3 <c!tg7
1 1 .'fIVh7 �f6 1 2 .'flY f7 <c!t e5 1 3 . f4 a mate]
5 . i. g5 , 2 fg6 3 . lDg5 <c!tgS 3 .lDgS fg6
•••
4.tWB! tWgS 4 /J'e7 5 .e6 Ila7 6.�h3 �g5

••.
7. i.g5 or 4 .4.e7 5:flt7 <c!thS 6.lDe6 and in

•••
both cases white would win S.i. gS deS

6.Ilacl and white won soon.
White moves - Win
Sth rank and the diagonal a l -hS weaknesses

1 06
Combinations with bishop and pawn sacrifices (�B)
S. Mirkovic - D. Panteleev P. Keres H. Mecking

-
Nova Pazova, 1 996 San Antonio, 1 972
t .fS! gf5 l . ../Of.5 2.�f.5 gf5 3 ./Og5 1 .1e5

• 1 ..1t7! Wh8 on 1 ... rJ;; fl 2.'fll e 6 a mate 1.d7!
�d6 3.1!Ve3 ! Wh7 4./Og5 Wg6 4... �8 Black resigns, on 2 . . . 'fII d 7 3 . .1 e6
5./Oe4 ! , 4 . �8 5./Oe4! /Og4 6. "g5 5./Oe4!
. .
Black resigns, on 5 fe4 [5 ... .1e5 6 •85

... .
A. Alekhine - A. Rubinstein
Wh7 7.'fIIg 7 a mate1 6.'fIIg 3 /Og4 7.�e4 �h6 Karlsbad, 1 923
S. 'fII f4 a mate.
V. Adhami - S. Skembris
Ankara, 1 993
White moves - Win

1 .b4! .1f8 1.'fllc6 nd7 3.g3 'fIIb8 on 3 ... 'flld6
4.'fll c4 WgS 5 . .1c6 nc7 6.nfd l 'fIIe7 7."d3 !
and white conquests the material 4./Og5
Black moves - Win ned8 5 .1 g6! 'fli eS 5 . . . fg6 6 . • e4 �d6
•
7 . 'fll h4 WgS S .• h7 WfS 9 .• hS W e7

I ... nbl! 1.WaJ /Oc4 3.�a4 wc6! White 1 0 .• g7 WeS I I . .gS � fB 1 2 . • g6 We7
resigns, on 4./Oc5 nc5 5.ne6 Wd5 6.i.c5 1 3 . • e6 a mate 6./Ot7 nt7 7 .1 f7 'fII f5
•
Wc5 7.nc6 Wc6 S.nh4 /Ob6 and black has 8.nfd l ! ndl 9.n d l .f7 1 0."c8 Wh7
a piece more. I Ura6 'fII t3 1 l.1!Vd3 Black resigns.
1 07
A. Kapengut R. Kholmov
- queen 3.gh7 h3 4.hS'8' h2 S.'8' g7 or 5 .'8'h7
We6 6.'8'gS Wd6 7.'8'bS S ... We6 6.'8'g6 also
URS, 1 969
winning would have been 6. '8'gS 6...We7
7.'8'gS W e6 7 . . . Wd7 S . '8' fS i.e6 9.'8'h5
S.'8'gS Black resigns.
K. Sakaev D. Langier
-
Duisburg, 1 992
White moves - Win
t .eS! feS 2.i.g6! i.c8 would not help either

2 . . . hg6 3 . '8'g6 WfS 4.11b6 i.e8 5.11f6 i.f7
6.tac5 3.11b6! Black resigns.
S. Mirkovie C. Kopriviea
-
White moves - Win
Belgrade, 1 999 t.i.f5! gfS 2.g6! '8'd7 2 . . . hg6 3 . .El h l tae6

4. '8'hS Wf7 5 .11h7 tag7 6.'8'g7 a mate 3.gh7
WhS 4.!Vf6 '8'g7 5. '8'g7 Wg7 6.11a7 Black
resigns.
W. Browne - L. Sc:hmid
Adelaide, 1 970
White moves - Win

White has area advantage and more active
b ishop, pawn's position at king's side
decreases black bishop's movement, the idea
for win is in pawn's penetration t.i.hS! ghS
on 1 �e6 2.i.g6 ! i.gS 3 .i.f5 or 1 .. rJ?f1J
••• .
Black moves
2. i.g6! WgS 3.e7 i.c6 4.eS'8' i.eS 5 . i.eS
and white wins in both cases 2.g6 h4 after t ... i.gl! 2.Wgl !VeS 3.f4 h4! 4.Wh2! it was
2 . . . hg6 3.h7 white promotes a pawn into a played in the match 4.Wf3? .e4 5 .Wg4
10S
Combinations with bishop and pawn sacrifices (.aB)
Hee5 6.Ht2 Hh5 ! White resigns 4••••f4 S.g3 1 .dS! �e7 on l . . .ed5 2 . .ad5 ! .d5 3 .Hd l
hg3 6.�gl .e4 7.Hf3 Hd4 8 •• cl Hc4 and black would lose a queen because it
9•• d3 HcS lO ••e4 He4 n .a4 �g7 black mustn't move it from diagonal a2-g8 3 ...• a5
stands slightly better. 4. • b3 �h8 5.�t7 �g8 6.�h6 �h8 7 .• g8
J. Nunn A. Greenfeld
-
Hg8 8.�t7 a mate, if black recedes with a
knight it would stay without a pawn l.de6
Groningen, 1 988 .ae6 3.Hdl .eS on 3 . . . �d5 4.�e6 .e6
5 .• c4 black would lose a piece, and white
wins a pawn as queen recedes 4• .ab7! bishop
can ' t be taken either before either after
rook's exchange because of mate on d8
4".h6 S.�e6 .e6
White moves - Win

Le6! �b6 in the following alternatives
white also wins loo. l!fe6 2 . �g3 , loo.lIe6
2.�d4, 1. .fe6 2.�g3 �e7 3 .• d3 g6 4.�h5 !
.
Hd8 5 . .aa2 l • .ag7! �c4 on 2 . . . �g7 3 .• d4

or 2 ... .ag7 3 .et7 �t7 4.�d6 3 •• h6! He6 6 •• c7 besides material white has big area
3 ... .ag7 4.�f6 �f8 5.�d7! �g8 6.et7 �t7 advantage 6 ... Hdl 7.Hdl He8 8 .af3 a6
•
7.�g5 �g8 8 .• h7 a mate 4 • .a fS �fS 9. Hd6 1!VeS l O •• c4 �h7 n . H a6 Hc8

S••gS Hg6 6••f4 �e6 7.�f6 Black resigns. 1 2••t7 Hel 13.�gl Black resigns.
A. Alekhine H. Golombek
-
Margate, 1 93 8
White moves - Win

1 09
M iraculous world of combinations
IV Other combinations Fajnberg - Zajd
M. Euwe - E. Bogoljubow URS, 1 973
Budapest, 1 92 1
White moves
White moves 1 .i.eS! deS 1.d6! .i.d6 2 ...• d6 3 .• b7 .i.d7
•
1 .i.g6! llf8 1.110 cd4 2 ... ll\dS 3 . .i.h5 ! .a3

•
4 . .i.d5+- 3 .i.dS .i.bS 3 . . . 11a7 4 .• a7 .a7
•
4.ll\e2 .b2 5.11c l .a2 6 .• g7 cd4 7.cd4 5.l:ia7 �f6 6.g4+- 4 • bS lla7 S.l1a7 .a7
•
•a5 S.<ct.>dI ± 3 .i.f7 �d8 4•• g7 tk3 S.�el

•
6 •• e8! Black resigns .
1rb4 6 .i.g6 110 7.ll\O 1rf4 8.11d l llb8
•
9.1rf6 1rf6 I O.ef6 .i.d7 l1 .g4 �c7 1 2.gS N. Jovanovic - A. Zanobini

IDt8 13 .i.d3 hgS 14.hgS eS I S.g6 .i. e6
•
COIT. 200 1
16.ll\gS ll\d4 17.ll\h7 ll\O 1 8.�e2 e4
White moves
19.f7! ll\d4 10.�e3 ll\ fS 1 1 .�f4 ll\e7 11.g7 In the position on the diagram white realized
llb7 13.f8. 1lh4 14.�eS Black resigns. transition into gained ending by sacrificing
the bishop and a-pawn 1 • fS! gh6 the
•
alternates are not better then the moves from

the match, for instance 1 •6 2 .e6 ll\e6
•••
3.11cS llcS 4 . .i.d2 rct.>t7 5.a4 �e7 6.11d l llc2

7.a5± or 1 1!f8 2 . .i.g5 llf5 3 . .i.e7 ll\b5
•••
1 10
Combinations with bishop and pawn sacrifices (.tB)
4.lIb l lLla3 5 . lIa l ± 1.'ffi g6 'ffi g7 3.'ffi d 6 L. Psakhis - V. Milov

'Ct> hS 4.lIc6 lLle8 4 ... lLlb5 5 .• h6 .h6 6.lIh6 ISR, 1 998
Wg7 7 . lI b 6 lLla3 8 . lI e 5 wf7 9 . lI be6±
S.'ffi h6 'ffi h 6 6.Iih6 Wg7 7.lIe6 lIaJ S. Ii6eS
lLld6 8 . . . lLl f6 9 . g3 Iic2 1 0 . Ii l e2 Iic l
l l .wg2 Iid l 1 2.Iie l ± 9.Iie7 lLlf1 10.Ii lel
Iic6
Black moves
1 .tg4! 1.fg4 fl 3.Iifl 3 . .i.O Ah2 4.Wg l
•••
.h8 5 . .i.g5 .h3 6.At2 .g3 7.Ag2 lIg2

8 . .tg2 Iif8-+ 3 Iihl 4.Wgl 'ffi hS S.laf7
•••
5.ile3 Ah l 6 . .A.h l .h2 7.�fl . h l S.�t2

1l .h4! Iih6 1l J:al 1 2 .Wh2 lIh6 1 3 .g3
•••
lI m 9.lIO .h2 1 0.Wfl .tg3 1 1 . .A.c3 lLld4
Iih7 1 4.f4 Iih6 1 5 .Wg2 lIa3 1 6.lI2e3 Iia l 1 2 . .td4 cd4-+; 5.iif2 Af2 6.Wt2 'ffi h2-+
1 7 .lI3e6±, 1l J:a4 1 2.g3 'Ct>f6 1 3 . Ii7e4
•••
S 'Ct>g6
•••
Iia8 1 4.g4 Iih8 1 5.h5 lLlg5 1 6.Iie8± 1 1.g3

Iif6 1 2 . . . Iih5 1 3 . 'Ct>g2 lId3 l 4 . f4 Iih6
l 5 .Wf2f l3.wgl Ilaf3 l3 1Jh6 14.f4 lIcl·
•••
1 5 .Wh3 lIf6 l 6. lI2e3 lIe ! l 7.Ii3e6 lIf5

1 8. Wg4±, l3 J:a4 1 4.lI7e6 lIf5 1 5 .lI6e4
•••
Iia l 1 6 .g4 lIfa5 1 7. f4 lLlh6± 14.Ii7e3 I13fS

1 4 ... Iie3 1 5.lIe3 lLlh6 1 6.lIe4± I S.g4 Black
resigns.
6.e3 ! 6.11(5 Ah l 7 . .th l 't\'fh2 S.'Ct>fl 'ffi h l

9 . 'Ct> f2 'ffi h 4 1 0. W fl 'ffi h 3 1 1 . W f2 .tg3
l 2.'Ct>e3 .i. f4 1 3 .W fl .g3 l 4.Wfl lIhS-+;
6.d4 Ah l 7 . .A. h l .h2 s.Wn 'ffi h l 9.Wt2
't\'fh4 l O . W n cd4- 6 'ffi h3 ? ! 6 J!hl !
••• •••
7 . .A.h l .h2 S.Wfl . h 1 9.We2 .g2 1 0.lIt2

.g4=; 6. l!h3 7.lIt2 Ag3 S . .i.g2; 6... ila2
••
7.'t\'fO 7.'ffifl 7.d4? ! 't\'fg3 S.�fl Aa2 9.'t\'fO

'ffi n l o. Ii n Aad2 7 :@f3 S.nf3 ladl
••
111
9.llbfl 9.J.. e4 ! ? rt/g7 1 0.llbfl J.. f6 9 J.. f6

••• P. Johner A. Rubinstein
-
IO.lLlc7 I O.J.e4! rt/g7 I I .lLlc7± 10... llh8

Teplitz Schoenau, 1 922
I O ... llaa2 I I .J..e4 rt/f7 1 2.llfS 1 1 .J.e4 rt/f7
1 2.lLldS llh6 1 2 . . . lLleS ! 1 3 . ll 3 f2 ll f2
14.rt/f2. lLlg4 I S .rt/g3 lLleS 1 6.llb l = 13.llfS
1 3 .lLlf6 ! llf6 14.llfS 13 llh3! 1 4.lLlf6 a
•••
draw, 14 ... !lg3 I S .rt/h l llh3=
V. TopaJov A. Shirov
-
Linares, 1 998
Black moves - Win
1 . .. cS! 2.dcS bcS 3. 'fJcS 3 . lLlcS llc8-+

3 llc6 4.'fJa3 4. 'fJdS lld8 S . 'fJ e4 'fJd7
•••
6.lLleS 'fJd l 7.lld l lld l a mate 4...llc8! S.

lld1 S.f3 J.b2 ! 6.�b2 lac3 7.'fJa4 lad3-+
Black moves - Win
1 J.h3! 1 J.e4 2.g3 �5 3 .�f2. a3 4. rt/e3

••• ...
rt/g4 S.J.. f6 rt/g3 + 2.gh3 2.�f2. �5 3 . rt/f3

J.. g2 4.rt/g2 rt/e4-+ 2 �fS 3.�fl �e4!
•••
4.J.f6 4. rt/e2 f5-+ 4 d4 S.J.e7 �d3 6.J.cS

•••
rt/c4 7. J.e7 7 . J.d4 �d4 8 . �e 2 a3-+

7 �b3 White resigns.
•••
S J.b2! 6.�b2 6.lLlb2 llcl 7 .lac l 'fJc l

••• a
mate 6 llc3 7.'fJa4 lld White resigns.

•••
1 12
Combinations with rook and pawn sacrifices
(�B)
Combinations with rook and pawn sacrifices (liB)
I Mate combinations A. Minasian V. Chekhov

-
Moscow, 1 992
Rotstein - Katalymov
URS, 1 952
White moves - Win
White moves - Win t .f6! j,f6 1.liO j, g7 3.lif7! �f7 4.nO

Black resigns, on 4 ... �e8 [4 . . . �e6 5.1!Vg6
Ulh6! .tb6 log7! � g7 2 ... j,g7 3. "h4 j,b6 �d7 6.lit7 �d8 7."d6 �e8 8."e7 a mate]
4. "h6 a mate 3."16 �h8 4."h6 a mate. 5 ."g8 �d7 6."g7 �c6 7.lif6 �c5 8 .• e7
a mate.
Y. Sakharov V. Makogonov
-
B. Larsen J. Kristiansen
-
URS, 1 96O
Danmark (ch), 1 99 1
White moves - Win

White moves - Win
How to realize the advantage? Doubling the
rooks at e-file would be slow and would give l .n g8! � g8 1. Wd8 � g7 3.h6! �h6 4./O g4
some chances to the opponent for successful �hS 4 . . . �g7 5. " f6 �g8 6./Oh6 a mate
defense. The solution is in energetic play S./Of6 �h6 6./O g4 Black resigns, on 6 ... �g7
Ulf5! gfS 1. g6! bg6 3.f7 Black resigns, on 7. 1I'f6 �g8 8./Oh6 a mate.
3 . � 4."f6 �g8 5 .lih8 a mate.
..
1 15
S. Mirkovic - Lj. Zivkovic M . Taimanov - T. Petrosian

Belgrade, 1 995 Zuerich (ctg) , 1 95 3
l.!1e6! !.log5 lOf6 2.�e6 fe6 3.lOe6 �fl 1 .�g6! hg6 1 ... ,Ag6 2. 1/{{ e6 J.. fl 3 . 1/{{ f6 with
4.lOdS �eS 5 .lOb7+- 1. fe6 l ...lOf6 2.lOg5 !
•• indefensible mate 2.h7! �h7 3.1/{{ ti lOg7
2.ti �ti 3.lOgS 3."h7 ! ? lOg7 [3 ... lt>f6 4.g5 4.cafl Black resigns.
�f5 5.,Ah3 caf4 6.'Wffl lOf6 7.1\Vf6 a mate]
4.lOe5 caf6 5. "g6 cae5 6.1/{{ g5 �d6 7. 1/{{ dS
R. Fischer - S. Gligoric
cae5 S.�e l �e2 9.�e2 �f4 1 0. 1/{{ g 5 a mate
3 caf6 3 �8 4. "h7 �f8 a mate, 3 'i!le7
••• .•• •••
Bled/Zagreb/Belgrade (ctg), 1 959
4.,A b7 �b7 5. 1/{{ h7 �d6 6. 1/{{ b 7+- 4.1/{{ 18
cae5 5.f4 a mate.
V. Smyslov - L. 011
Rostov, 1 993
White moves - Win

1 .�h5! gh5 2.'fffh 5 ,Ae8 on 2 ... �f8 3 . 1/{{ hS
cae7 4.1/{{ f6 caeS 5 . � h l ,Ab5 6.J.. e 6! fe6
7 . 1/{{ e 6 ca d S S . � h S ca c 7 9 . �cS a mate
3.'fff h 6! �c3 4.bc3 �c3 4 ... 1/{{ e3 5.�h l 1/{{c3
White moves - Win
6.g6 1/{{ g 7 7.1/{{ h2 ! Bronstein S.g6! fg6 6.�h1
l .g4! cae4 l ...cag6 2. fg5 2.lOfl � f4 3 � gl!
. 'fff d4 7.'fff h7 Black resigns, on 7. J..e 6 J.. fl
Black resigns. S.1/{{ h 7 �f8 9.1/{{ fl a mate.
116
Combinations with rook and pawn sacrifices (laB)
11 Combinations for a draw 6 ... lac7 7.bS abS 8.aS dl 9.1;1d3 A e4!
IO.1;1d8 lad I t .�tl Ac6 White resigns.
R. Ponomariov - V. Anand
Linares, 2002 V. Rauzer - A. Ilyin Zhenevsky
URS (ch), 1 937
Black forces a draw by eternal check on the B lack moves - Win

following way l oo.lae3! l.fe3 lilfl 3.<.thl g4
1 ...d4! l ...ll:\e4 ! ? 2. Ae4 lile4 3 . Ac5 lile2
4.ladS a draw.
4.'fWe2 Ae2 5.lile l Af3 6.lilg l l.Ad4 1;1el!
White resigns, on 3 . Ae2 ll:\e4-+
III Combinations for achieving material
advantage
V. Savon - V. Litvinov
V. Mikenas - L. Polugaevsky
Minsk, 1 975
URS (ch), 1 965
White moves - Win

B lack moves - Win
1.ll:\e7! Ae7 l.fe7 'fWe7 the alternates are
loo.lad3! l.Ad3 c4! 3.tvd6 ll:\e8! 3 ... cd3? 2. .. fl'd2 3 . Ati �g7 4.efS'fW �f8 5 . Ad5,
4 .YWc6! lilc6 5.lilb8 4.tvb4 tvb4 S.cb4 cdJ and 2 ... Jld2 3 . A ti ! �g7 4 .YW a l �h6
6.lad 6.�f2 d2 7 . lild l lad8 8.laa2 lild4 5.ef8YW �h5 6.1;1f5 3.lil17! Black resigns.
1 17
V. Panov - V. Makogonov H. Santa Cruz - W. Uhlmann
URS (ch), 1 93 7 Havana, 1 964
White moves - Win Black moves - Win
l .lIeS! deS 2.n! lIn 2 ... �f8 3 . .ib4 Ite7 t oo.d3 ! l . ..c3? 2.lIc3 dc3 3.tWa4 and White
4. t!.Ve5 3.t!.VeS �f8 4.t!.Vg7 �e7 4 . . . �e8 would win 2.cd3 2 .• d1 tWa3 3 .• c l lilc5
5. tWg8 �e7 6 . .ib4 S .ib4 Black resigns, on
• ili 2.lId3 Itb2 ! 3 .�b2 tWb5 and black would
5 . . . Itd6 6.Itt7 .if7 7. tWe5 tWe6 8 . .id6 win in both cases 2oo.lIb2! White resigns.
E. Ermenkov - G. Tringov A. Gareia Medina - P. Smederevae

Bulgaria (ch), 1 974 Beverwijk, 1 965
l .lIeS! lIeS log6! Black resigns, on 2 . . . �g6 l oo.lIa8! White resigns, on 2.Ita8 [2.�b2
3 .t!.Vg3 tWg4 (3 ... � 4.tWg7 a mate] 4 . .ig4 lIa3 3 .�a3 .c2 4 .'fWa4 .a4 5 .�a4 �d7]
'fin 3 .�b2 c3
1 18
Combinations with rook and pawn sacrifices (laB)
M. Ortueta Esteban J. Sanz Aguado

- M. Euwe P. Keres
-
Madrid, 1 934 Den Haag/Moscow, 1 948
B lack moves - Win B lack moves - Win
I ... labl! 1.lObl c3 3.lab6 c4! 4.lab4 as 1 ... c6! l.'@Vc6 lac3 3:f!VdS lacS 4.'@Vdl lad !
S.lOc4 cl White resigns. S.b3 '@Vg3 6.'@Vel '@Vf4 7.lad '@VcI 8.�bl
'fI'f4 and black won soon.
A. Ebralidze T. Lubienski
-
URS, 1 949 E. Lasker - R. J. Loman

USA, 1 903
White moves - Win

Black moves - Win
l .lab7! lab7 1.lab7 �b7 3.'@Vbl �g7 4.f6!
�f6 S.lOd7 Black resigns. 1 ... lac4 1.�gS lab4! 3.�b4 gS! 4.�gS �g7
White resigns.
1 19
V. Panov - M. Taimanov L. Shamkovieh - S. F. Visier

URS, 1 952 Palma de M allorca, 1 966
Uia6! lia6 1.d6! !reS 2 ... 1Wd6 3. �dS �f8 l .gS! 1 .�h4? Iih2 2.lih3 g5 a mate 1 . �hS
.•
4 .•h8 �e7 5 .•g7 �e8 6.lie l +- 3.feS liaS 1 ... �g7 2.lib7 �h8 3 .liff7+- 1.lig3! Black
4.�dS �f8 S.libl Black resigns. resigns.
J. Mieses - Amateur G. Reehlis A. Miles

-
M etz, 1 93 5 Manila ( izt), 1 990
l .g4! fgl l . ..�h4! 2.�h2 h5 3 .lih6 flYb4 1 .lie7! lie7 1.lie7 Q)e7 3.bS �b7 4.g6 hg 6
4.lih5 a mate 1.lih4! gh4 2 ... �h4 3.lih6 a S.h6! Q)dS 6.h7 Q)f4 7.�n Black resigns.
mate 3.libS 1VbS 4.abS Black resigns.
1 20
Combinations with rook and pawn sacrifices (nB)
J. R. Capablane8 - A. Alekhine Gerasimov - V. Smyslov

Buenos Aires (ml3), 1 927 URS, 1 935
White moves - Win B lack moves - Win
t .M! i.M it is better 1 . . . lDh4 2.lDd6 Wd8 t ... nd3 ! 1.'@Vb6 2.!Vd3 i.h2 3 . W h l lDt2
3. '@Vd7 Wd7 4.lDc8 lilc8 (Lasker) 1.ne6! 4.Wh2 lDd3-+ 1". nh3 ! 3.i.d4 3 . !Vc6 i.h2
ne6 3.'@Vb4 lDe4 4.lDdl lDdl S.'@Vdl 0--0 4 W h l lDt2 a mate 3".i.hl 4.W hl i.eS
.
6.lildt neS 7.lDd4 neS 8.lDb3 nee8 9.e3 S.wgt Ah1 6.Wht i.e7 7.Wg t Ab6 White
and white realized the advantage soon. resigns.
L. Eperjesi J. Toth
- F. J. Lee - E. Lasker
Salgotarjan, 1 979 London, 1 899
Black moves - Win Black moves - Win
t ... e4! l.i.d on 2. J!e4 lilb2 3 . Wd3 lild l t".nd4! 1 ... !Vg4 2.Wfl !Vg2 3 .We l !Vg l
4. J.d2 ndd2-+, 2./e4 lilb2 3 . Wd3 lild l 4.Wd2 lDg2 5.!Ve2 e3 ! 6.fe3 i.f3 ! (farr
4. i.d2 ndd2-+, 2. l!b3 na2 3.Wb l lilb3 asch) 1.ed4 '@Vg4 3.Wn '@Vgl 4.Wet '@VgI
4.Wa2 lile3-+ l ... nd ! 3.Wd i.b1 4.Wd S.Wdl cl! 6.'@Vel !Vfl 7.Wdt e3 8.i.b3
i.a3 S.f4 WfS White resigns. Wg7 9.dS Wh6 t o.'@Vet i.e8! White resigns.
121
R. Fischer W. Addison
- I. Sokolov V. Kramnik
-
Palma de Mallorca (izt), 1 970 Wijk aan Zee, 2004
UidS! cdS 2.lOdS 'tWb2 3.nbl 'tWill 4.nb7 l .nc7! 'tWc7 2.nf6 nf6 2 ... J.c8 3 .d6 nd6
Black resigns. 4.nfB �f8 HWh8 �e7 6.tWg7 �d8 7.tWfB
a mate 3:t!tf6 nrs 3 06 4.J.a4+-, 3 t!fc1
••• •••
Y. Razuvaev B. Zuckerman
-
4.lOe 1 +- 4.1IYb2 ncs
Polanica Zdroj , 1 972
S.d6 ! .et 5 . . . tWf7 6 . lO g 5 tW f8 7 . d7+-

Black moves - Win 6:l\'d nd 7.�e2 ncS 7 ... nc2 8 .�d3 nc8
9.lOg5+- S.lOgS a6 9.J.a4 Black resigns, on
1 . g5! 2.tWgS 2.lOg5 nh6 2 ne6! 3:ftf4
•• ••• 9 ... J.c6 1 0. J.c6 nc6 I l .e5 nb6 1 2.d7 nb8
lOg6 White resigns. 1 3 .lOe6+-
1 22
Combinations with rook and pawn sacrifices (IlB)
IV Other combinations D. Milasinovie - S. Mirkovie

corr. 1 974
Y. Balashov - R. Sabjanov
Kstovo, 1 994
Black moves
I . .. .!:iel ! 2.bel b4 l. 'lVf2 3.cb4 'lVb4 + ;

White moves - Win
3.c4!? .tc4 4.c.tt b l a4oo l 'lVe7 4.e4 4 cb4?
• • .
1 .e6 ! .le6 l . . . f6 2.lDh4 g6 3 . f4 with fS 1!.Vc3 S.c.tt b l 1!.Vb4-+ 4 ... .le4 S • g2 S.�bl
•
2.Ile6! fe6 l.lDeS 'lVb6 3 . . . g6 4.'lVf3 WcS .tdS 6.lIdS 1!.Vc400 S...a4 6.<ctlbl .1dS 7.edS
s.1f/n cc!;ldS 6 . .lgS .!:ia7 7 . .!:ie l .!:ib7 S.b3 c4 7.lIdS b3 ! S .cb3 ab3 9.ab3 'lVc3 I O.'lVb2
9. .!:ie3 .!:ia7 I O . .!:ih3 cc!;lc7 I l ..lf6+- 4 • g4
• 'lVe3-+ 7 bl! 8.ebl ab3 9.ab3 1!.Vel IO.lIb2
••
.!:id8 S:f!Ve6 .!:id6 6.'lVt7 �d8 7.1!.VfS �e8 1!.Vdl 1 I .<ctl a I
8 .lgS! g6 S . . . h6 9 . .lh4 g5 1 0 . .!:ie l gh4

• 1I ...gS! l 2.hgS 1 2.fg6 hg6 1 3 .gS .1 f8 ! 1 4.hS
I l . lD f7 .c7 1 2 . lD h S e6 1 3 . 1!.V g6 �dS .1g7 I S .h6 .thS 1 6.h7 � f8 + 1 2 ... .1\.gS
-
14.lDf7+- 9•• t7 �d8 10. 'lVB 1!.Vb2 1 1 .lDt7 13.1!.Vhl 1 3 . .!:ih3 IIc l 1 4 . � a2 Wa6 a mate
�e7 12 .!:iel .!:ie6 12 . . . .1g7 1 3 .lDd6 .c3
• ll ... .!:id ! 1 4 .!:id 1 4. � a2 'f!Va6 a mate
•
14.'lVe2 ! +- 13.'lVf4 Black resigns. 14... Whl IS.lIe8 �g7 White resigns.
123
A. Alekhine - E. Spencer A. Mikhalchishin - G. Agzamov

Liverpool, 1 923 URS (ch), 1 9S 1
White moves - Win White moves
Uld6! i.d6 2.ti'd6 lilbl 2 . . . ti'ffi 3.i.d4 I .lilf7! �f7 2.e6 �e6 2 �8 3 .ed7 ti'd7
.••
Wh7 4.i.cS+- 3.Wh2 �h7 4.i.d3 4. i.d4 ! 4.lCldS i.g7 S.i.g4+-, 2 3r7 3 . ed7 i.e7
.••
e n S . i.c4 .ffi 6.i.f6+- 4 lilb7 4 ... lild l

••• 4 .• d2 h5 S . lCle4+- 3 •• dS � e7 4.lilfl !
S .eS <ct>hS 6.e6 g4 7 .• dS lClgS S.hg4 hg4 4 .l.gS lClf6 S .i.f6 <ct>f6 6.Hfl �g7 7.Hn
•
9.ti'h4 lClh6 I O.fg4 lild3 1 1 .e7 ti'g6 1 2 .gS± �h6+, 4 .tg4 �e8 !oo 4 lClf6 S.i.cs �e8
. •••
S. i.d4 ti'f7 6.eS lClg6 7.e6! f!le7 8:f!'IeS 6 •• e6 i.e7 7.lilf6 7.lCle4 lCle4 8 .• n �d7
�h6 S ...• g7 9.i.g6 �g6 I O .• e4+- 9. i. g6 9.lild l Wc7 I O.lildS lClcS+ 7 •d7 8 ••f7
•••
9 .• e4! lClh4 I O.i.c5 ! .g7 1 1 ..b7! "b7 8 . lCldS .e6 9. lile6 � f7 ! I O . lile 7 lCl e 7
I 2 . i. f8 "g7 I 3 . e 7+- 9 � g6 l O.'It'e4
••• I 1 .i.e7 lilhe8+ 8. �d8 9.i.e7 lCle7 9 ... ti'e7
••
1 0 . i.c S . g 7 I I . ti'e4 � h 6 1 2 . e 7 + - I O .ti'dS �c8 I l . lilc6 bc6 1 2 • c6 �b8

.
10 �h6 11 .f!lfS 1 1 .i.cS ! .cS 1 2 .•b7+-

••• 1 3 .lCldS+- 1 0.lilfl ! "f!'(d4 11 .�hl "f!'(eS
1l • e8? 1 I . . . g4 ! 1 2 .• f4 .gS ± 1 2.h4

•• • 1 2.i.g4!+- lClfS 13 .ifS gfS 1 4.lilfS ti'el
•
.g8 13.e7! lIb8 14.i.eS Black resigns. l S.lilfl lil e8 1 6.lCldS lilc8 1 7. ti'l f6 �d7
18.h3 ti'leS 19. ti'f7 'it?c6 20.lilf6 �cS 21 .lilfS
.et 22.�h2 �c6 23.b4 IU8 24.lilf6 Black
resigns.
1 24
Combinations with queen and pawn sacrifices
(�B)
Combinations with queen and pawn sacrifices (�B)
I Mate combinations l .. . i!g8 would be followed by 2.'8'f6 lag7

3 .'8'g7 a mate 2.'8'h7! cctt h7 3.cctt g2 a mate.
A. Torres - A. Alekhine
Espana, I 922 G. H. Mackenzie - J. Mason
Paris, 1 878
Black moves - Win

White moves - Win
L d4! 2.cd4 cd4 3.�d4 in case that white
••
doesn't accept pawn sacrifice after 3 . .i g l l .'8'h6! cctt h 6 2.liJhfS .ifS 3.ltlfS cctt h S 4.g4
gS ! 4. fgS hgS b lack w o u l d gain b i g 4 . lah3 ltlh4 [4 ... cctt g4 S.ltlh6 a mate] S. lah4
advantage 3 �d4 4.iid4 iid4 S.ltld4 �h3!
•••
cctt g 6 6. lah6 a mate 4 cctt g4 S.iig3 cctt h S
•••
effective move by which king 's defense is 6.�e2 a mate.

destroyed 6.gh3 on 6.ltlf3 '8'hS and black
would have a piece more 6 ltltl 7.cctt g l
Schulder - S. Boden
••.
ltlh3 a mate.
London, 1 860
H . N. Pillsbury - G.Maroczy
Paris, 1 900
Black moves - Win
l. ..dS! 2.�dS after 2.ladel dc4 white would

escape a mate, but it would stay without a
White moves - Win
piece 2M.'8'c3! 3.bc3 �a3 a mate.
l .�h6! mate threats on g7 l . .. �eS on
1 27
A. Kotov I. Bondarevsky
- V. Vukovic - Deutsch
Leningrad, 1 936 Zagreb, 1 920
3 f4! 4.�f4 "tl S.<ct>d3 "d4! 6.<ct>d4 i.cS

••• 1."d8! <ct>d8 2.i.gS <ct>e8 3.Ild8 <ct>f7 4.e6!
7.<ct>d3 �eS a mate. <ct>e6 4 . . . i.e6 S .�eS a mate S.lt}f4 <ct>f7
6.�eS a mate.
R. Toran Albero - A. O'Kelly de Galway
Kugenek - P. Romanovsky
Palma de M alIorca, 1 967
Peterburg, 1 9 1 2
White moves - Win

Black moves - Win
1. 'fffh7! <ct>h7 2.Wt3 lt}h4 3.11h4 <ct>g6 4.Wt6
<ct>gS S.f4 Black resigns, on S . . . <ct>g4 6.�e3 l. .. .. tl! 2.<ct>tl 2.<ct>h3 t§'h2 ! 3. <ct>h2 118e2
a mate. 4 .<ct>h3 lIhl S .<ct>g4 �eS 6.<ct>f4 [6.<ct>gS h6
7.<ct>f4 11ft 8 .lIO 110 a mate) 11ft 7.<ct>gS
h6 ! 8.<ct>h6 11h2 9.<ct>gS 11hS a mate 2 ...118e2
3.<ct>f3 It}eS 4.<ct>f4 11ft S.<ct>gS h6! 6.<ct>h6
11h2 7.<ct>gS 11hS a mate.
128
Combinations with queen and pawn sacrifices ('fffB)
O. Bemstein - A. Kotov G. Stoltz - A. Kotov

Groningen, 1 946 Saltsjobaden ( izt), 1 952
Uih8! �g6 1.fS! Black resigns, on 2 ... efS I . .. fl ! l.j,gl 2.'ff b 7 *h8 3 . j,g2 'fff f3
3.'8'h6 ! gh6 4.liag8 a mate. 4.ffd5 '(Wd5 5 . j,d5 lig l a mate 1 ffO!
•••
White resigns, on 3. 1tb7 *h8 4.1td5 1td5

M. Botvinnik - N. Padevsky S.iQg3 [S.j,dS lig l a mate] fl 1t 6.iQfl 1tg2
a mate.
Monte Carlo, 1 968
Y. Arkhipkin - Kumetsov
Kiew, 1 980
White moves - Win

1 .f6! 1te6 l .. .iQf6 2.lif6 ! gf6 3 . 1tg4 �
[3 .. . �h8 4.1tg5 ! ] 4.lifl 1We6 5.1th4 1.1thS White moves - Win
iQe S 3.lifS iQg6 4. fg7 liad8 S.1th7! Black 1.h4! .b4 1 • hS! ghS 2 . . . h6 3 .• h6! j,h6
•
resigns, on 5 . . . *h7 6.lih5 �g8 7.lih8 iQh8 4.lih6 and mate can't be defended 3. lig)
8.gh8'fff a mate. �g7 4.lig7 � S.lih7 Black resigns.
1 29
C. Gamarra Ceceres - G. Martinez A. O' Kelly de Galway - Defosse
Mar del Plata, 1 974 Schilde, 1 93 7
l .e6! f6 1 .. 'Wf8 2.'fWh7 �h7 3.nh3 �g7

. 1 . .. %!U2! 2.'it>f2 � g4 3.�fJ e4! 4.'it>e4
4.Ah6 �f6 5.nf3 �e5 6.ne l �d6 7.Af4 4.1;Je4 �de5 a mate, 4.de4 �de5 a mate
a mate, 1 /e6 2.Ae5 ng7 3. 'fWg7 a mate
... 4 �df6 S.<rtfJ tOeS 6.�f2 tOfg4 7.'it>gl
•••
2 • h7 'it>h7 3 . Jah3 B l ac k resigns, on

• �e3 a mate.
3 .. . �g7 4.Ah6 �h7 5.Affl a mate.
Netz - Gorges
Schreifert - Foraseri DDR, 1 970
Stockholm, 1 949
Black moves - Win

White moves - Win
l • dl ! 2.ndl ndl 3.�f2 3 . tWfl Afl
• ••
1 .�h6! 'it>h6 2.�c1 gS 3. nhl 'tI'fhS 4.nhS 4. nfl ned7 3 h4! 4.c4 4.g3 nfl 5.<rtg2 h3
•••
'\tlhS S.nhl <rtg4 6.�dl �dS 7.fJ �fJ a mate, 4. 'fWg4 Jafl a mate 4 Ac4 S.�d2
•••
8.�f2 a mate. Jad2 6.'it>el ned7! 7.nm 'it>c7 8.nf7 ne2

misses a fast win S . nd l 9.'it>f2 nfl a mate
. .
9.'it>fl nb2 l O.'itel nbl White resigns.
130
Combinations with queen and pawn sacrifices (ffiB)
11 Combinations for a draw
M. NaJdorf - Kurtic
M ar del Plata, 1 984
The position on the diagram appears in

several books, after l :fWb5! 'itJd6 1.ffic5!
bc5 3.c;t>a3 a fantastic draw appears.
A. Petrosian L. Hazai
-
1 f6! 1.ffif6 ffih4! a draw, on 3 .�h4 g5 a

•••
Belgique, 1 970
stalemate would appear.
Koberl - Tipary
Budapest, 1 955
Black moves
1 • b6!? 1.tOb6 white's better possibility

•••
is 2 .• d2 ! with «i!?b3, tOc3, � a4, tOc3-a2-

White moves - a draw c l -b3 and White would stand slightly better
1 cb6 3.h4 gh4 4.'fWdl hJ ! 5.ghJ h4 a draw.
•••
l .g6! worse is 1. fl'a4? 1It2 2 .• f4 110 or

1. t!fd4? IIh2! 2.«i!?h2 tOo and in both cases
black would win I ... 'itJg6 1 .. � g7 2.gt7 to t7
.
3. ffid4 e 5 4.ffid5 «i!?f6 1.'fWgl 'itJf6 3.ffig5!

'itJg5 a stalemate.
13 1
III Combinations for achieving material mate 3.'lVdl '@Ve7 4./l)gS Black resigns.
advantage
I. Belov Y. Zimmerman
S. Tatai - A. Karpov
-
Rosia, 1 99 1
Las Palmas, 1 977
Black moves - Win

Black moves - Win
I .hl ! 1.Iih3 !fh3! 3.�h3 Iib7 4.�g4 Iih4
1 ... 'lVd3! 1.ed3 on 2. f)e3 '@Vc2 3.ll) c2 .i.b2
••
S.WfS rt;f7 6./l)eS .i.eS 7.IieS Iiea S./l)e4

and Black would win, 2. Wfd2 '@Vd2 3 .W d2
IibS 9.�g4 IiebS I O .i. g3 1 0 ./l)eS deS
IiadS 4.We l .i. f3 [4 . . . IicS ) S . Iig l .i.g2
•
I I .d6 Wf6-+ IO �f6! I l ./l)eS deS I l .i.f4

6. Iig2 1 ed3 3.Wdl Iid 4.Wd3 IidS
••• •
•••
Iih4 White resigns.

S.We4 Iiel 6.Wb4 Iiedl 7.0 .i.f8 S.waS
.i.d7! White resigns. E. B. Adams - C. R. Torre
Kristanov - Nikolov New Orleans, 1 920
Bulgaria, 1 979
White moves - Win

White moves - Win
t .1!rg4! 1!rbS 1.1!re4! 1!rd7 3.1!re7! 1!r bS
t.g6! fg6 L..Wg6 2 . .i.e4 Wh6 3 .IihS a mate 4.a4! 4.fUb7? fUe2 ! S . Iie2 Iic l -+ 4 :fff a4
••
l.�bl! �f4 2 . . . .i.b2 3./l)g5 Wh6 4.IihS a S.Iie4 fUbS 6:8'b7! Black resigns.
132
Combinations with queen and pawn sacrifices (�B)
W. Steinitz - S. Winawer A. Delchev - F. Rey

Paris, 1 867 Val Thorens, 1 996
White moves - Win White moves
l .f6! g6 1... €/,6 2 .• e2 ! +-, 1...gf6 2 .• hS t .d6! ± j,d6 l . . . ed6 2 . j, c4 d5 3 . ladS !

ILh7 3 .'�g4 lOgS 4.ILbe l feS S . ILeS lOe6 1.�t7! � t7 3.j,c4 i.dS 3 �8 4.lOd6
...
6 . '� g8 + - 1.�g4 �cS 3.�g6! �e6 4.�g7 �d6 S . lad6+-, 3 ... e6 4 . lOd6 �d6 S.lad6
0-0-0 S.lOt7 1Oc3 6.lOdS ILdS 7.t7 lOd7 4.lOd6! 4. §d5? i. f4 , 4. A.d5 ? � e 8 00
S,J:ibet lOel 9.�ht cS to.j,cS .e4 t t .f8. 4 ... .d6 S.ladS
1Of8 t l.laf8 lOgl t3.�gl laf8 t4.j,f8 Black
resigns.
Andres - N. Perez
Havana, 1 987
S ... . e6? S ...• f6 6. i.gS �f8 7.i.f6 lOf6

8 . ladeS lad7 9 . i. b S la c 7 1 O . IL d l a6
I l .i.c4± 6.ILe6 � e6 7.ILd3 � eS S.lae3
�d6 9.lae6 �c7 t o.i.f4 �b7 t t .lae7+
�c6 t l.a4 a6 t3.i.el �b7 t4.i.t3 � a7
White moves - Win tS.i.aS � aS t 6.j,c7 Black res igns.
l .1Wd7! .d7 1.j,(6 �h6 3.gS �hS 4.lOf4

�h4 S.�hl j,fl 6.gl ! j,gl 7.�gl B lack
resigns.
1 33
A. Alekhine N. Sehwartz
- M. Matulovie - Tscvetkhov
London, 1 926 Vama, 1 965
1 .cS! beS l . . .dc5? 2.lle5+- 2.b6 lleS 3:iVc3! l :tiVc1 ! ll'ld4 1 . . ll'l d8 2 . '¥!Ic7 '¥!IfS 3 . '¥!Ia7
.
3 . '¥!Ie2 ! ? ll f6 4 . '¥!I f3+- 3 ll feS 4.i.eS

••• 'tt b 4 4 .1!Vb6+- 2.<ct>d3 '¥!IeS 3 .... eS Wg7
4.'ttd3+- 4 deS
••• 4.1!VhS! W hS S.lLIf7 Wg7 6.lLIeS B lack
resigns.
5.1!VeS! 1!VeS 6.lleS lleS 7.lle7 lle7 S.bc7

lle8 9.eb81!V llbS IO.i.e6+- Wg6 11 .e7 llfS
1 2.eS'¥!I llc8 13.i.c8 Black resigns.
1 34
P..e:l R T rl-l REE
Strategic motives
Strategic motives
Every chess game represents life for itself. the new way of analyzing games, that is,
What do we remember good chess games eliciting the crucial moment and its detailed
by? First of all by the motive that decisively explanation.
influenced the outcome and which is divine
All games played can be classified by
spark of life in a chess game. For instance,
motives. In each of them a theoretical news
sacrificing two rooks, in "immortal game",
playing on weak spot, king's evacuation and its importance are emphasized.
from endangered zone etc, and the number Demonstrated material has been collected
of strategic motives is unlimited. for more than fifteen years and used in
Motive is a monument of a brilliantly played prepari ng my most successful students
game. I t has decisive role and brilliant grandmaster Nikola Sedlak, Bojan Vuckovic
successes are remembered by it. We are and Milos Perunovic.
talking about the motives that had positive The power of a chess player depends greatly
aim and were realized successfully. on knowing motives, a powerful chess player
In this chapter several typical strategic is the one that studied and understood a great
motives are discussed. Essence consists of number of motives.
137
KING ATTACKS
King is a strong piece (Steinitz) and can have active role in some special s ituations and can
participate in mate attack. This motive is very rare in practice because attacker must be
careful and watch out for its king that doesn't fall down.
N. Short (ENG) 1 S.lDf3 'f!VcS 16.'f!Ve4! 'f!Vb4! 1 7 .tc4

•
J.1imman (NEO) If white accepts pawn 's sacrifice black is

going to activate the pieces 1 7 . .td5 ed5
Tilburg, 1 9 9 1
1 8. t!V d5 .te6015
B04- l .e4 lDf6 2.eS lDdS 3.d4 d6 4.lDf3 g6
17 lDb6 1 S.b3! lDc4 19.bc4± lieS 20.lid1
S .tc4 lDb6 6 .tb3 .tg7 7.'f!Ve2 lDc6 S.O-O
•••
• •
'f!VcS 2 1 .'f!Vh4 b6 22 .te3 ! 'f!Vc6 23 .th6

0-0 9.h3 as 1 0.a4 deS I t .deS lDd4 12.lDd4
• •
.thS 24.lidS! .tb7

'f!Vd4 13.lie1 e6
WOl1h of attention 1 3 . . . .te6!? 24 . . . .td7 ! ? 25 .lDd4 [25.lia8 ! ? (Timman)]
liad8 26.lDc6 .tc6 27.t!Vf4 lid7 28 . .tg5 ±
14.lDd2
2S.liad1 .tg7
25 ... t!Va4 ! ? 26. t!Ve7 [26.Ila8 .ta8 27.Ild8
.to 28.t!Ve7? t!V a l 29.�h2 .te5-+] .to
27.Ila8 [27.g0 t!Vc6! 28.Il l d7 t!Vd7 ! ] .ta8
2 8 . Ild8 t!V a l 2 9 . � h2 .t e 5 3 0 . f4 .t f4
3 1 ..tf4 Ild8 32.t!Vd8 �g7 3 3 . t!Va8±
26.li8d7
Worse is 26 . .tg7? Ilad8
26 lirs
•••
The alternates 26 .4.e5 2 7 . Il f7 ! and

•••
26 rfe4 27 .Ilf7! are weaker.

..•
1 4 lDdS
27 .tg7 �g7 2S.li1d4 liaeS 29.'f!Vf6 �g8
•••
It was also considered 14 . . . .td7 30.h4 hS

138
King attacks
1 :0 S. Tarras ch - R. Reti, Vienna 1 922, on

4 ... IlcS 5.�ti I:lgS 6.IldS ! IldS 7.Ag7 a
mate.
31 ... Ilc8?
3 l . . . AcS 32.g4 ! hg4 [32 . . . Ad7 33.gh5 gh5
34."g5] 3 3 . lOg5 g3 ! [33 . . . �d7 3 4 . h5 ;
33 . . . � b 7 3 4 . f3 ] 3 4 . fg3 [ 3 4 . c.t/g3 Ad7
35 .c.t/h2 ! +- (Spilman)] Ab7 3 5 .lOe4 .a4
36.h5 "c2 37.lOt2 gh5 [37 . . . .. f5 3 S.hg6 ! ]
3 S . Ild3 Ae4 3 9. Ild2 1'!V b 1 4 0.Ild I 1'!Vc2
31 .�hl! 4 1 .Il7d2 1'!Vc4 42 .Ild4+- (Short)
Prologue into fantastic idea, white plans to 31.c.t/g3! Ilce8 33.�f4! Ac8 34.c.t/gS 1 :0,
move king to h6, after which the mate is on 3 4 . . . Ad7 3 5 . �h6 and b lack has no
indefensib le. The position is static and black possibility to prevent mate on g7.
has no possibility to oppose this idea.
Tarras ch Siegbert was the first one to carry
out this idea on the following way
. .
1 39
Strategic motives
ADITIONAL MATCHES R. Tibensky - J. Franzen

Stary Smokovec, 1 9S5
R. Teiehmann - 8eratende
Glazgow, 1 902
White moves
t .<ct> h 4 ! g6 2.<ct>gS Ja.bb8 3 . <ct> h6 Ja. fcS
White moves 3 .... c 6 4.lLld2! [4 .• g6 fg6 S .Ja.g7 �hS
1.<stth 2! there was also another way, but not 6.Ja.h7 �gS=] Ja.b4 S .lLl f3! J.cS [S ... 1We4
that effective UWe6 �h7 2.1VdS J.dS 3.Ja.d2 6. Ja.f7! 1Wd3 7.Jag7 �hS S .Ja.d3+- ] 6.11f7!
[3.Ja.e7±] .i.gS 4.�t2± t ... bS 2.�g3 as Ja.f7 [6... �f7 7.1Vg6 �e7 S.1VgS �f7 9.1Vf6
3.�h4 g6 3 ... Ja.aS 4.1We6 [it would be wrong �eS 1 O.Ja.dS a mate] 7.1Wg6 cctf8 S.Ja.dS 1WeS
4.�hS? Ja.eS ! S.lLleS 1W fS 6. �h4 1WgS a 9. lLlgS ! +- 4.Ja.t7! �f7 S.1Wg6 <ct>e7 6.1Wf6
mate] 1Ve6 S.fe6 Ja.dS 6. Ja.d2 cctf8 7.e7 ! �e7 �e8 7.lLld6 7 . • g6 �e7 [7 . . . <ct> f8 S .• g7
S.lLlfS �eS 9.lLlg7 �e7 1 0.iLlfS �eS 1 1 .Ja.dS �eS 9. lLld6 cd6 1 0.ed6+-] S .• g7 �eS
�dS 1 2.g4+- 4.Ja.e3 1Wgl 4 . . . 1WcS S. Ja.g3 gS 9.lLld6 cd6 1 0.ed6 Ja.c7 I l .dc7+- 7 ...ed6
6.�hS 1VeS 7.Ja.e3 1Ve7 S.Ja.e7 Ja.dS 9.lLlb7 8:t!Ve6 �f8 9.ed6 11b7 9 ... 1Vc3 1 O.1Ve7 �gS
Ja.d7 1O.Ja.d7 J.d7 1 1 .�h6 J.fS I 2.lLld6 .i.bl 1 1 . Ja. d3 ! . h S [ 1 1 . . . 1V b2 1 2 . <ct>g6+- ]
1 3 .lLlbS �f8 14.a4+- S.Ja.g3 1Wfl 6.fg6 1Wf4 1 2 .<ct>g6+- 1 0.d7 11d7 1 1 .Ja.d7 1Wb6 1 2.Ja.f7
7.Ja.g4 1Wfl 8.�hS Black resigns, on S ... 1WcS �g8 13.Ja.g7 1 :0
after 9. �h6 white king successfully ends its
march, mate can not be prevented.
140
King attacks
D. Pedzich - W. Ehrenfeueht 1 3 .I1t7 f4 1 4.I1g7 rJ;;f8 I S .ef4 I1f4 1 6.rJ;; g6

IId4 1 7 b6 II b4 1 8.b7+ S.rJ;; h 6 1Ve2 9.f3 f6
Police, 1 992
. -
I O.lIg7 rJ;; h S 1 I .1Ve7 1 : 0
A. Desehapelles - L. D e Labourdonnais
Paris, 1 836
White moves - Win
t.cit)gS! 1If3 2.i.g7 IifS 3,t�h6! f6 3 .. . lIhS

4.t!VhS gS S.taf6 a mate 4.taf6 rJ;; rT S.tad7
IIhS 6.1!VhS ghS 7.taeS rJ;;e 7 S.a3 h4 9.tag6
rJ;f7 tO.tah4 IIdS tt .taf3 rJ;; e8 t 2.tagS lIdJ White moves - Win
13.M rJ;;e 7 t 4.h4 1 :0
l.tah6! gh6 on 1 ... rJ;; h 8 2.tat7 rJ;; g 8 3 .t!Vg7 !
rt;g7 4.i.f6 rJ;; g 8 S .tah6 a mate 2.1!VhS! rJ;;hS
M. R . Pastor - E. G. Rodriguez 3.rJ;; rT IIfS 4.�fS et t!V S.i.f6 1 :0
Lorca, 200S
M. Misojeie S. Mirkovic
-
Belgrade, 1 980
White moves
1 .rJ;; h2! h5 2.1!Vf4 IIfS 3.lIe7 as 4.rJ;; g3 a4

S.rJ;;h4 ab3 6.ab3 1V0 7.rJ;;g S! h4 7 . 1Ji2 ..
Black moves - Win

8.rJ;; h6 f6 9 lIg7 �h8 1 O.1If7! �g8 1 1 .I1 f6
.
IIf6 1 2 .%\'ff6+ -, 7. . . f/fdJ 8.I1b7 t!V f5 9.'lY/fS 1 ... 1!Vf3! 2.<3»gl <3»hS 3.1!Vd7 b4 4.g4 rJ;; h4
efS 1 0 .b4 I1c8 I l .bS I1c2 1 2. rJ;; f6 I1f2 S.eb4 cl 6.1V84 rJ;; h3 ! 6 . . . %Yfg4 7.rJ;; fl %Yfc4
141
Strategic motives
8.�g2 tlVe4 9.�h2 c2 White resigns 7.�O

t!:Vd3 8.� e t � g l ! 8 . . . c2 9 . 't!h l �g2
IO.'tWc l [ l O.'tWa8 c,tJg I J c,tJf3 1 1 .'tWd2 c l 'tW !
1 2 .t!:Vc l 'tWe2 a mate 9.t!:Va8 c,tJgl a mate net
is knitted, white can proceed after 1 0. 'tWhl
�h l 1 1 .f3 �g2 and mate is indefensible.
The dangers which can happen to the side
which has a king in the attack are presented
in the following example
v. Vukovie
White moves
In the position on the diagram white plays

for a mate, it moves with a king to h6,
everything looks okat the first glance, but.. .
t .c,tJh4 t!:V e t 1.c,tJhS t!:V O 3.h4 t!:V O 4.t!:VgS
c,tJh8 S.c,tJh6 t!:Vg4! with effective queen's
sacrifice black turns the situation into his
own benefit, it would be wrong 5 . .1::1 g 8? .
6.tlVf6 lIg7 7.tlVg7 a mate 6.t!:Vg4 1Ig8 7.t!:Vel

lIg6 8.c,tJhS fS-+
1 42
ALEKHINE ' S BATTERY
Heavy pieces lining at open file is characteristic for Alekhine's battery. The queen as a
strongest piece is lined up behind the rooks so the maximum effect is gained. Fourth World
Champion Alexander Alekhine is the flfst one who systematically elaborated and applied
this very important strategic weapon.
Xu Jun (CHI) I S.aS llJf8 16."eS .e7 1 7 • c3 •
V. Kortschnoi (SUI) 1 7.llJh4 llJeS l S .llJfS "gS 1 9.llJg3 � .

Linares, 1 995 1 7 dc4
•••
A I 7- 1 .llJO llJf6 2.c4 e6 3.llJcl i.b4 4 • c2 • 1 7 ..... c7? ! I S . "c2 baS 1 9 . .i.c3 ±
0--0 S.a3 i.c3 6 • cl b6 7.b4 dS S.e3 i.a6
l S.dc4
•
9.i.b2 cS 1 0.d3 llJbd7 1 1 .i.e2 lacS 1 2.bS

I S . 't!Ic4 ! ? llJe8 1 9.1lJeS�
On 1 2.0-0 dc4 1 3 .dc4 cb4 1 4 .ab4 i.c4
I S .i.c4 b5 1 6.laa7 lac4 1 7. "d2� l S llJeS 1 9.1afd 1 f6 20.llJdl
•••
12 i.b7 13.0-0
•••
2 0 .a6 .i. e4 2 1 . la d S la d S 2 2 . la d l lad l
23 . .i.d 1 llJd6 24.llJd2 i.g600
20 lac7 2 1 . llJ f1 llJd600 11. llJg3 llJ g6
•••
23 • c2 llJ h4 24. i. fl lacd7 lS.a6 .i. aS

•
16 • e2 .., 27 • g4!?
• •
27.lad2 ! 't!Ig6 2S.laad l f

17 llJhfS 2S.llJfS efS 19 • el hS 30.0 h4:
••• •
3 1 .h3 .e6 32.lad2 �f7 33.laadl rJiJ e7

34. i.c3 laeS 3S.lad3 �dS 36 .i. e t gS •
37.i.f2 �cS 3S.lald2 .eS 39.rJiJhl laedS
13 •c7!?
•••
13 ..... e7 1 4.llJd2 eS I S .cdS llJdS 1 6."b3

llJc7 1 7 . llJc4 .i.dS I S.a4 "gS 1 9.93 't!Ie7
20. 't!Ic3 f6 2 1 . .i. g4 lacdS 22 . .i. fS .i.e6
23 . .i.e6 "e6= L Ftacnik J. Ambroz, Baile
-
Herculane (zt) 1 9S2

14.a4 lafdS
14 ... lafeS I S.llJeS llJeS 1 6. 't!IeS 't!IeS 1 7 . .i.e5
ll)d7 I S . .i.b2�
1 43
Strategic motives
40 g4 41.i.h4 gO 42.g0 f4?

•••
White realized Alekhine's battery, another 42 . . . c;t>c700

possibility was 40. i. g l g4 4 1 . fg4 llJe4
43.e4 c;t>c7 44.c;t>h2 13.h7
42 . i. h2 llJg3 43 . i.g3 hg3 ! [43 . . . t!Vg3
44. 13.d7 13.d7 45. 13.d7 c;t>d7 46.c;t>g 1 fg4
47. t!Vg4 t!Vg4 48.hg4±] 44.13.d7 13.d7 45 .13.d7
c;t>d7 46.gf5 t!Vf5 47. t!V d3 c;t>e6 ! 48. t!Vf5 c;t>f5
49.i.d3 i.e4 50. i.e4 c;t>e4 5 1 . c;t> gl c;t>e3
52.c;t>fl f5= Xu Jun. In this famous match
Alekhine astonished chess publicity with
etfect victory; with his battery he put his
opponent in zugzwang on the following way
4S.13.d6!
White sacrifices the quality, the combination
is motivated by bad bishop a8 position.
4S 13.d6 46.13.d6 t!Vd6 47.t!Vd6 c;t>d6 48.i.f6
•••
c;t>e6 49.i.gS c;t>eS SO.h4 13.d7 St .c;t>h3 13.dl

S2.i.g2 13.d S3.hS
After this move everything is resolved, white
l .13.fc l ! 13.fc8 2.13.c2 t!Ve8 [2 . . . llJd8 3.13.ac l
13.c2 4.13.c2 13.c8 5.13.c8 llJc8 6.t!Vc3 ) 3.13.ac l plans to progress with h-pawn which is
13.ab8 4. t!Ve3 13.c7 5.13.c3 ! t!Vd7 6.13. 1 c2 c;t>f8 supported by bishops and a king.
7.t!Vc l 13.bc8 8.i.a4 b5 9. i.b5 c;t>e8 1 O. i.a4 S3 c;t>e6 S4.h6 c;t>rT SS.c;t>h4 13.c4 S6.i.h3
•••
c;t>d8 1 1 .h4 ! 1 :0 A Alekhine - A Nimzo 13.d S7.h7 c;t>g7 S8.i.f5 13.hl S9.c;t>g4 c4
witch, San Remo 1 930. 60.i.f4 1 :0
1 44
Alekhine's b attery
ADITIONAL MATCHES 14:ftel �d7 1 SJ'S Ile3 1 6.�f2 gS 1 7.J::l e l

Ile4 1 S.Ile4 de4:1 9.�d2 �d6 20.�c2 �f4
0: 1
White moves
The position on the di agram is from This position is taken from the book of
Kapablanka's analyses, black is forced to famous coach Boris Zlotnik, where author
1 IleS after 2.�c2! white pressures the
•••
gives incorrect position mark, and he stated
point c6 and f5 2 ... <it'g7 2 ... fg4 3 . hg4 3.�f3! that on 1 . . . J::l hgS 2 . hg5 hg5 white has
fg4 3 . . IlfS 4.J::l c 6 fg4 5. hg4+- 4.hg4+-
.
advantage. I n this case Alekhine's battery is
not effective.Why? White pieces are at the
border file and can not move fast in the
W. Winter - A. Alekhine center where black moved the focus of the
game.
Nothingam, 1 936
1. .. J::l h 7! the alternates are 1 .. fl'a4 2 .J::ld2
.
[2.hg5 J::l dS 3 . �g2 �b3 4.J::l h l Ild l 5.J::l d l

�dI 6.�a2 IleS+] J::l d S 3. � c l J::l h eS 4.J::l h l
Ild2 5. �d2 �c6 6. hg5 hg5+ and 1 gh4 •••
2. Ilb4 J::l h7 ! 2.hgS Ile7 3.<it'al J::l e t 4.�g2

hgS S. �d2 �e6 6.b3+
Black moves
1. .. IldeS! 2.�d2 J::le6 3.lOg4 J::l h eS 4.Ilde t
IlSe7 S.�dl �eS 6.�tJ lOaS 7.b3 7. �d5
J::le2 S.J::l e2 J::l e2 9.�a5 IOg3 1 O.J::l f3 �e4 !
7... lOe4! S.�c1 lOee3 9.�e3 lOe3 IO.IOe3
Ile3 1 1.�f2 �bS! 1 2.IOc1 J::lc 3 1 3.J::le7 �e7
145
Strategic motives
R. Fischer B. 8passky
- 1tel 24.r$;g2 i.dS 2S.i,e4 i, e4 26.l.Oe4
i.e7 27.l.ObS 1.018 27 . . . d5 2 8 . 'frc7 <lte6
St. StefanlBelgrade (mJ 1), 1 992
2 9 . 1t c 6 r$;e5 3 0 . l.O g 3 I.O fS 3 1 . I.O d4+-
2S.l.Obd6 l.Oe6 29.1teS Black resigns.
J. R. Capablanca K. Treybal
-
Karlsbad, 1 929
White moves
Ula3! I.Odf6 2.laeal 'frd7 3.lal a2 lafeS

4.1tc1 i.f8 S.1tal 'fre8 6.l.Ofl i.e7 7.l.O ld2
7.1.03d2 ! ? r$;g7 8.f3 ! ± 7 � S.l.Obl l.Oe4!
•••
8 ... l.Od7 9.ab5 ab5 1 0.laa8 laa8 l 1 .laa8 1ta8 White moves - Win
1 2 .1ta8 i.a8 1 3 .I.Oa3+- 9.i.e4 fS 1 0.i.c2
i.dS I I.abS abS 1 2.Eta7 <c!tf6 13.l.Obd2 laa7 White passes through a-file with the help of
1 3 ... f4 1 4.l.Oe4 i.e4 1 5. i,e4 laa7 1 6.i,a7+- anchorage point a7 1 .laa7! <c!tf8 2.lahl i,e8
14.laa7 laaS 1 S.g4 hg4 1 6.hg4 laa7 1 7.1ta7 3.lahal r$;g8 4.la l a4 r$;f8 S.'fra3 ! <lt g8
f4 1 7 . . . fg4 I S . l.O h2 'frcS 1 9. 1.O e4 r$;e6 6.r$;g3 i.d7 7.r$;h4 r$; hS S. 'fra 1 <ltgS 9. <ltg3
20.l.Od6 i.d6 2 1 .'frh7+- r$;f8 10.r$;g2 i.e8
I S.i.f4! I S.i.b6 'frc8± I S ef4 1 9.1.Oh4

••• 1 l .l.Od2! decisive maneuver, knight flips to
in 1 9 . . . l.OfS 20. 'frd4 <c!te6 2 1 .l.Og6 I.Og6 as 1 l i.d7 1 2.l.Ob3 laeS 1 3. l.O aS I.Od8
•••
2 2 . i. f5 r$;f7 2 3 . i,g6 <ltg6 2 4 . 1t d 5 + - 1 4.i.a6! ba6 I S.lad7 lae7 1 6.lad8 lad8

20.1td4 r$;e6 2 1 .l.OfS i,f8 22.'frf4 r$;d7 1 7.l.Oc6 Black resigns.
22 ... gf5 23 .1tf5 rj;}e7 24. 'frh7+- 23.l.Od4
146
SPASSKY ' S COVER
One of the ways to tight for open tile is to cover that tile with a bishop, after which doubling
the rooks comes. Bishop set aside at appropriate moment, tile opening and it engaging
begin.
A. Karpov (RUS) 24.i.a7!

W. Unzieker (GER) Karpov processes the idea which was tirst
elaborated by Boris Spassky when he played
Nice (01), 1 974
against Karpov himself. White temporary
C9S- 1 .e4 eS 2.LOtJ LOe6 3.i.bS a6 4.i.a4 closed with bishop a-tile and it will open it
lN6 5.0-0 J.. e7 6.lael bS 7.J.. b3 d6 S.cl not until rook's doubl ing. In the match
0-0 9.h3 LOaS 1 0. i.e 2 cS 1 l .d4 'f!Je7 Spassky - Karpov the following position
1 2.LObd2 LOc6 1 3.dS LOdS 1 4.a4 labS appeared
IS.ab5 abS 16.b4
With this move white cuts in the root c5-c4
with LOdS-b7-c5
16 LOb7 1 7.LOfl J.. d7 I S.J.. e3
•..
I S . i.d2 laaS I 9. LOe3 lafcS 20. �h2 laa I

2 1 .'tI'fa I 'tI'fdS 22.'tI'fa7 laaS 23.'tI'fb7 labS Y2: Y2
B. Spassky V. Kortschnoi, Kiev (ml I ) 1 %S
-
IS 11aS I 9.'lVd2 ID'c8 20.i.d3 g6 2 1 .LOg3

•••
J.. f8 22.11a2 e4 23.i.bl 'lVdS

1 . i.a7 ! 11bb7 2.'lVeI 'lVdS 3 .'lVf2 lacS 4.11a6
i.f6 5 .i.b6 'lVe7 6. 11a7 Ilcb S 7.Ilb7 lab7
S . � f l i. h4 9 . 'lV g I � g 7 I O . la a 7 Il a 7
I l .i.a7 'tI'fdS 1 2 . 'lVb6 'lVc7 1 3 . 'tI'fc7 LOc7
I 4 . i.bS LOeS I 5 . LOc I J.. d S I 6. i.a7 i.a5
I 7 .c4 bc4 I S. J.. c4 �fl I 9.LOb3 i.c7 20.i.f2
g5 2 1 . J.. e I h5 22.LOc I LO f6 23.LOd3 �g6
24.i.a6 g4 25.hg4 hg4 26.LOb2 LOh7 27.LOc4
LOg5 2 S . � f2 �f6 29. i. b4 LOf7 Y2 : � B .
Spassky - A. Karpov, Leningrad (ml I O ) 1 974
24 ••• LOeS 2 S . i. e 2 LOe7 2 6. la e a l 'lV e7
1 47
Strategic motives
17.i.bl i.e8 18.lhel lhd8 19.1hhl i.g7 White intends to change white-square
3O.f4 f6 31 .fS gS bishops as it would weaken the squares
around the opponent's king.
31 i.f7 33.lhgl lhb7 34.i.dl h6 3S.i.hS
•••
fge8 36.1!Vdl lhd8 37.Ila3 � 38.Il l al

'iitt g8 39.lhg4 � 40.lhe3 'iitt g8 41 .i.f7 lhfl
41.fghS lhd8
The interesting position could appear after
42 ... lhb8 43.lhg4 't!Vh5 44.lhhS � 4S.i.b6
Ila3 46. Ila3 Ila8 47 . Ila8 lha8 4 8 . i.d8
neither one o f black pieces have useful
move, the zugzwang appeared!
31.i.cl! 43.fgg6! � 44.lhhS 1 :0
148
Spassky's cover
ADITIONAL MATCHES
G. Kasparov A. Karpov
-
Moscow (ml32), 1 985
White moves
1 .Aa7! t;)fS 2.!'ta6 !'tfeS 3.!'tca I eS 4.AcS±

and white conquered an a-file.
White moves
I .Ah7! !'tfS 2.!'th6 t;)c7 3.t;)g3 t;)t7! 4.!'th2
t;)e6 S.t;)d3 t;)g7 6.!'tchl <3;e7 7.t;)fl !'td8
S.AfS !'th2 9.!'th2 t;)fS 1 0.gfS !'th8! tI .!'thS
t;)hS l 2.e4 t;)t7 13.t;)g4 t;)d6 14.t;)e3 de4
IS.fe4 b6 1 6.b4 Aa6 1 7.t;)g4 t;) bS IS.c;!?d3
t;)a3 YZ: YZ
T. H . Thong V. Komliakov
-
Moscow (01), 1 994
White moves - Win
l . i. a6 ! !'tc7 2. !'taS !'tca7 3.!'thal � eS

4.<st> e2 !'tbS S.AbS ! ± !'taS 6.i.c6 c;!?dS
7.!'taS t;)cS S.bS Ad6 9.t;)d7 1 :0
1 49
PETROSIAN ' S QUALITY SACRIFICE
The idea of Petrosian's quality sacrifice is: a) the quality is sacrificed for the piece 's
position in the center (the most convenient piece is a knight and also it can be a bishop and
a rook), b) the piece in the center engages the strong position and recovers the minimal
material concession. Nimcovic was the first one to show how grows the importance of the
piece which engages blocked square, and how that piece can recompense the material
deficiency.
A. Nimzowitsch, 1 925 ll:} e 8 1 3 . tW e l .i. f6 1 4 . .i. f6 ll:} e f6 = G .

Forintos - R . Vaganian, Budapest 1 973, and
1l.e4=
1 l ... bS l l.e4 a4! l 3.eS ll:}eS
White moves - Win
In this position the pawns e6 and d5 take

away the bishop's mobility, and black posi
tion is blocked in full; a bishop and a rook 14.g4?!
are out of the game and white has chance to
play for a victory no m atter mater i a l 1 4.b4 c5 1 5 . bc5 [ 1 5 . c3 d4 1 6. ll:} h2 .lac8
deficiency l .�g4 �f8 1.�gS �e7 3.h6 1 7 . ll:} d O dc3 1 8 . .i.c3 ll:} c 7 1 9 .d4 cb4
.i.d7 4.h7 �d6 S.�f6 and white should win. 20 . .i.b4 ll:}d5 + A. N ilsson - P. Laveryd,
Linkoping 1 996] .i.c5 1 6. ll:}d4=
B. Damljanovic (YUG) 14 ... .i.g6 I S.b4 cS 1 6.bcS .i.cS 1 7.ll:}d4
tWb6 I S. tWe3 f6
P. Lukacs (HUN)
1 8 . . . b4 1 9.ab4
Budapest, 1 984
19.1l:}lfJ
A07- 1.ll:}fJ dS 1.g3 ll:}f6 3 .i.gl c6 4.b3 .i.g4
•
S. .i.bl ll:}bd7 6.0-0 e6 7.d3 as S.a3 .i.e7 1 9. f4 fe5 20.fe5 ll:}c7 2 1 . �h l .lafl 22 . .lafl
9.ll:}bdl O-O I O.h3 .i.hS l l .tWel .laf8 23 . .laf8 �f8+ with b4
The alternates are 1l.c4, 11.eJ tWb6 12 . .lab I 1 9... ll:}c7 lO .laabl fS?
•
1 50
Petrosian's quality sacrifice
20 . . .feS 2 1 .lZleS lZleS 22. tieS i.d6 23 . tie3 1 2 . tif3 tie6 ) lZl a4 1 0 . i. a l tic6 ] ab4
liia eS+ [S . . . lZlb4 9.tibS (9.tib3 lZldS ) tibS 1 0.abS
lZld3 1 1 . .§.e2 .§.bS 12 . .§.d2 .§.bS 13 . .§.d3 .§.b2
11 .c3 h6 11:�el fg4
14.dS=] 9.aS .§.as 1 0 . .§.a l tic6 l l .i.c I tic7
22 . . . f4 [ l l . . . .§. a S ? 1 2 . .§. a S ti c l 1 3 . ti fl ti e 3
13.hg4 .§.f7 14.i.c1 �a6 14.� h l h6 IS . .§.aS � h7 1 6.ti b l g 6 17 . .§.a7
�hS I S.h3 tid4 1 9 . .§.b7+-] 1 2.a6 tib6 1 3 .
i.d2 b3 1 4.tic4 h6 I S.h3 b2 1 6 . .§.b l �hS
1 7.i. e l � : � S . Reshevsky - T. Petrosian,
Zuerich (ctg) 1 9S3.
lS.. i.b4
.
25 , . .i.e7 with lZlcS

16.cb4± .§.cS 17.gS i. h S lS.gh6 lZl fS
19.tie3 lZlh7? !
29,. .i.f3 30. i.f3 gh6 3 1 .i.hS .§.g7 32. �h2
tib6 3 3 . tif4 lZleS 34 .i.e3 tib7 3 S . tih4 .....
lS .§.b4!
•
30.lZlgS!+- lZlgS 3 1 . �gS g6 31.i.e3
The pawn a3 is weak and white is forced to 3 2 . i. f3 ! � h 7 [3 2 , . . i. f3 3 3 . tig6 � f8
defend it with a bishop from square c l . I f 34.h7+-] 33 .i.hS ghS 34.�h l .§.gS 3S. tihS
bishop stays longer a t c l white rook at .§.g6 36 . .§. g l .§.gl 37.�gl .§.f8 3S.lZlf3+-
queen's side would be out of the game. The
move in the match has been played after long 31 ... �h7 33.i.h3 .§.eS 34 .§.cl tib7 3S .§.c6
• •
contempl a t i o n . B ranko Damlj anovic ticS 36 .§.d6 .§.ee7 37.lZlc6 .§.d7 3S.lZldS
•
admitted that a l l consequences could not be .§.fe7 39.lZle6 lZle6 40.i.e6 .§.e6 41..§.e6 .§.f7
foreseen in advance. 41 .§. f6 1 : 0
•
l . . ..§.e6 ! 2.a4 [2.h4 uz hS, .§.g3 ] lZle7 [2 . . .b4

3 .dS ! .§.d5 4.i.e6 fe6 S. tic4+-] 3 .i.e6 fe6
4.tifl [4.tifl lZldS S . .§.f3 b4] lZldS S . .§.f3
i.d3 6 ..§.d3 cd3 7. tid3 b4 S.cb4 [ S.c4 lZlb6
9 .§.c l (9.dS edS 1 0 .cS lZla4 I l . i.d4 .§.cS
.
ISI
Strategic motives
ADITIONAL MATCHE S v. Smyslov J. Ehlvest

-
URS (ch), 1 9S5

M. Tal - T. Petrosian
URS (ch), 19S5
White moves
Black moves
I .neS! AeS 2.neS 'lff b l black could force
transition into the ending after 2 . . . 'lff f3
1 . nf4! 2.Af4 2.nf4 ef4 3 . A f4 2 ef4
•• ••• 3 . 't!VgS � fl 4."hS "hS S . nhS ± 3.ngS
3.lt:\d2 lt:\eS 4. 'lfff4 lt:\c4 S.eS lt:\eS 6.lt:\e4 h6 �h7 4.nhS �g7 S.�g2 � 6.'lff f4 �eS
7.nael AbS! S.ndl c4 9.d6 lt:\d3 I O.'lff g4 7.nh4! eS S.deS nf7 9.'t!Vh6! ng6 I O.'t!Ve3
Aa7 I l .�hl fS U.lt:\f6 �hS 1 2 . . . .. f6 cbS l I .abS 't!VbS l 2.e6! llf8 13.'t!VeS 't!VcS
1 3 . " c4+- 1 3 .'t!Vc4 It:\ b2 1 4 . 't!V a6 It:\ d l 1 4 . A e3 B lack res i g n s , on 1 4 . . . 't!V e 7
IS.'t!Va7 'lffd6 I S . . . lt:\c3 1 6.'t!Ve7! gf6 1 7.nfS [ 1 4 . . . ete8 I S . nhS ! I:I fgS 1 6. " fS ! � e 7
[ 1 7."e3 + 1 1 6.'lff d7 'lff f6 1 7.'lff d l nbS ! 17.nh7 n6g7 I S.AgS � e S 1 9 . " t7 ! n fl
I S.IDJ naS? on I S . . . nbS ! 1 9. 'lff e l �h7 20.eti �f8 2 1 . Ae7 �e7 22. fgS"+- or
20."b l "gS 2 1 .a6 .. hS 22. nh3 "g6-+ 14... ete6 1 S."bS �e7 1 6.nh7 �e6 1 7."f8
19.'lff e l naS 20.'lff b4 ne5= the pawns are d4 I S.f3 de3 1 9. "e7 ! �dS 20. "e4 �cS
positioned at the same side which is not 2 1 . n hS � b 6 2 2 . "e 3 � c 7 23 . ncS+- J
convenient for the stronger party, with I S .nh7 ! "h7 1 6."bS �e7 1 7. "b7 �e6
precise play white succeeded to save a draw I S. 't!Vh7+- (Smisslov, Andrianov).
2 1 .'lff f4 �h7 22.�h2 ndS 23.nn 'lff gS
24.'lff t3 neS 2S.�gl ncs 26.'lff fl neS
27.'lff t3 naS 2S.�h2 �hS 29.�gl na2
30:t!VdS nc2 31 .'lff aS �h7 32.'lff t3 nd
33.nd 'lff d 34.�h2 'lff c 7 3S.�h3 'lff e S
36.g4 fg4 3 7 . �g4 'lff gS 3S. � h3 'lff f6
39.'lff e4 �gS 40.'lff e S 'lff fS 41 .'lff fS � fS
42.�g4 � f7 43.�f5 Y2 : Y2
I S2
KASPAROV'S QUALITY SACRIFICE
The quality is sacrificing at the anchorage point of the open file. The aim can be: a) diagonal
opening and attack on the king, b) creating passed pawn, c) creating pawn's center
G. Kasparov (RUS) With quality sacrifice white realize s

dynamic position with chances to attack, the
A. Karpov (RUS)
aim is to open the diagonal b I-h 7, on 23.ab5
LyonlNew York (ml4), 1990 'tWb4 24.fieS fieS 25.fia6 'tWb5 26.fia7=,
C92-t.e4 eS 1 .lOfJ lOe63.AbS a64.Aa4 Petrosian Tigran demonstrated the similar
lOf6 S.O--O Ae76.ilet bS 7.Ab3 d6 8.d idea in the following match
0-09.h3 Ab7 to.d4 ile8 1t.1Ob dl AfS
ll.a4 h6 I3.Ad e d4 t4.e d4 1Ob4 tS.Abt
cS 16.dS lOd7 t7.ilaJt518.et5lOf6 t9.1Oe4
AdS
19 ...lObd5 20.lOf6 1Of6 21.ile6 d5 22.1Oh2;t

F. Bellia - E. Dervishi, Brato 2002
10.lOf6
If white proceeds 2O.ilae3 Ae4 2l.Ae4 d5

22.Abl ile3 23.ile3 d4 black would attain
the counter-play.
l...fic4! 2.'tWd3 [2.lOc4 dc4 3.'tWc2 ficS-+]
lO :f!Vf61t.Adl! "bl! 1l.Ab4 An!
••
fieS 3.Af3 Ab4 4.Aa3 Aa3 5.fia3 lOd6
In case 22... Af3 23.ilf3 'tWb4 24.ile6 'tWa4 6.fiel f5 7.fiaal lOe4 [7...fiecS!-+] S.Ae4
25.Ac2 'tWd4 26.fid3 'tWb4 V.fide3 white fe4 9.'tWbI 'tWd7 10.fia2 fiecS 11.1Oc4
would have an initiative. [Il . lO b3 'tWh3! 1 2.fihl ( l2.figl fi�3
13.lOc5 fiSc5 14.dc5 d4-+ Gufeld) fic2
13.fic2 fic2 14.'tWc2 'tWhl 15.'tWc7 'tWf3-+]
dc4 12.d5 [l2.'tW b4!? c3 13.fic2 fic 4
14.'tWb3 'tWg4 (Bondarevsky)] Ad5 13.fidl
c3 14.fic2 'tWh3 15.figl 'tWg4 16.cag2 'tWf3
17.cah2 "e3 lS.f5 [lS.'tWdl 'tWd3 19.'tWg4
'tWc2 20.fig2 'tWg2 2I. ca g2 e3 22.cafl Ab7
23.'tWe6 cahS 24.'tWe3 c2 25.'tWcl b4 26.cae2
b3-+] 'tWc5 19.fifl b4 20.f6 b3 2l.ficf2. c2
22.'tWcl e3 23.f7 cafS 24.fif5 b2 25.'tWb2
cl'tW 26.'tWg7 cag7 27. fig5 0: 1 B. Spassky
T. Petrosian, Moscow (mill) 1969
13.ile6! 13..... b4
153
Strategic motives
23 . . . .ie6 24.fe6 cb4 [24 . . . 1\Yb4 25.lae3 ! -+ ] 30 . .ic4 .ic4!X5] 1\Ye2 30.laf8 �f8 3 1 . lae200
25.lab3 1\Yf6 26.lae3 ba4 27.1\Yd5 [27.1\Ya4
28. �21 a4 29.1\Ye2 [29.�h4 ! ?oo] 1\Yc4
a5 28. 1\Yc2 g6oo] .ie7 [27 ... �hS 2S.1\Ye4 g6
30 . .id3 1\Y d 5 3 1 . .i e4 ! 1\Y c4 32 . .i d 3 =
29.�h4±] 2S. 1\Yd3 g6 29.�h4-+
Azmaiparashvili
24.lab3!
28...d5 29.'fWe2 'fWc4! 30 .id3 •
2 4 . laae3 d5 ! ? [24 . . . b a 4 25 . .i a2 c4+

30 .laeS 'fWe2 3 1 .laf8 �f8 32.lae2 c4t
Azmaiparashvili] 25.1\Yd5 laadSoo
30 'fWcl 3 l .�g2 c4 32 .ic2 .ie6
••• •
24 1\Ya4 25 .i.:20(5 laad8

••• •
32 . . .d4 3 3 .laeS d3 34.laf8 �f8 35 . .id3 cd3

25 . . . lae6 26. fe6 .ie6 27. lae3 1\Ya2 28.1\Yd3
36.lad3 1\Yc6+
lae8 29.1\Yh7 [29.1\Yg6 !-+] �fl 30 . .ig6 �e7
3 1 ..ieS �eS 32. 1\YgS �e7 3 3 .�h4 1\Ya I 33.lae6 lae6 34.1\Ye6 �h8 35.�g6 �h7
34.�h2 1\Yf600 36.'tlte2
26.labe3 1\Yb4 27.g3! 36.1iJ(8? laf8 3 7 . 1\Yg6 �gS 3 S . f6 1\Yg5 !

39.fg7 1\Yg6 40.gf8'fW �f8 4 1 . .i.g6 a4-+
2 7 . 1\Y e2 ! ? 1\Yc4 2 S . laeS 1\Y e 2 [ 2 S . . . laeS
29.la eS .i e S 30.'fWe8 'fWc2 3 1 . 'fWe6 �h7 36. &7? .ie7 37.1\Yg6 �gS 3 8 . 'fWe6 �hS !
32.'fWfl! 'fWc l 33.�h2 'fWf4 34.�h l 'fWc l 39.'fWe7 'fWg5-+
35.�g l 'fWb2 36.'fWf8 1\Yf2 37.�f3±] 29.laf8 3 6. Wfb 6 'fW g 5 [ 3 6 . . . la c S 3 7 . 'fW e 6 lad S
�f8 3O.lae200 3 S . 1\Yb6=]
27 a5
.••
27 c4 2S.�d4 1\Yc500
•••
27 dSI? 2S.�e5 [28.1\Ye2 !? 1\Yc4 29 . laeS

•••
1\Ye2 30.laf8 �f8 3 l . lae2 d4<sc] d4 29.lab3

.ie6 30.fe6 [30.lab4 .if5 ! 3 1 ..i f5 lae5 t
Kristiansen] d3 3 1 .lab4 dc2 32.'fWc2 cb4
33 .'fWb3 oo
36 1\Y g5
•••
36 ... d4 ! 37.f6 [37 . .ie4 d3 3 S. 1\Y f3 d2-+] d3

3 S . 'fW e4 'fWg5 3 9 . � f8 �gS 40.�d7 lad7
4 1 .'fWeS �h7 42. 'fWd7 dc2 43.fl 'fWtb-+
37.f6 'tltf6 38.�f8 �g8 39.�g6 'fWt7?E9
39 . . . d4 ! ? 40.'fWe4 [40 . .i f5 'fWc6 4 1 . .i e4
28.�h4 1\Yd6 ! +] d3 4 1 ..id l ! d2 42 . .ig400
28. '/te21? 1\Yc4 2 9 . la e 8 [29 . .id3 .i e6 40.�e7 �f8 �: �
1 54
Kasparov's quality sacrifice
ADITIONAL MATCHES S. Mirkovie - R. Milovanovie

Vmjacka Banja, 1 976
D. Kosie - B. Abramovie
Yugoslavia (ch), 1 994
White moves
1... Iie3! l .. .j,g4= 2.j,e3 be3 3.Iiabl j,a3

White moves
4.Iie2 j,b4 S.a6 "fIe7 6.'f!/fl 'f!/aS 7.j,e4
I ...Iib3! 2.j,b3 eb3 3.1!Vg4 3.edS edS 4.lOe3 j,bS S."fIe2 'fWa6 9.<oii> O j,e4 1 0.be4 'fWcS
j,e6 S.c4 dc4 6.dS j,cS-+ 3 ... lOaS 4. lO g3 1 l .'f!/d3 as 1 2.<oii>e 2 h6 1 3.Iia2 'fWeS 1 4.Ilc2
� hS! 4. . . lOc4 S.lOhS g6 6.lOf6 j,f6 7.ef6 IlcS I S.Iia2 <oii> f8 1 6.f4 f6 1 7.feS feS I S.IlO
!V f6 8 .edS± S.lOhS IigS 6.edS ? ! 6 . h4 ! <oii> e 7 1 9.IlfS <oii> d6 20.!!t7 Iie7 2 1 .Iie7 'fWe7
6...edS 7.e6 j,e6 S.lbeS 'fWe8+ 9.'fWe2 9."f!Je6 22.Iial 'f!/eS 23.<oii> fl <oii>e S 24.<oii> g 2 'fWa6
fe6 1 0.lbf7 'f!/f7 1 1 .Iif7 b2-+ 9 ... j,d6 1 0. 2S. 'fWO <oii> e 4 26. 'fWfI d3 27 .Iid I <oii>d 4
1!Va6 j,eS 1 1 . 'fWaS j,d6 1 2. 'fWa6 'f!/d7 13. 2S.'fWf2 <oii> e4 29.Iiel <oii> dS 30.'fWt7 30.'fWfS
lbf4 h6 1 4.lbdJ 14.lOe6 fe6 I S .Iiafl j,a3 c2 3 1 .'fJ'eS <oii>c 4 32. 'fW e4 <oii> b 3-+ 3O 'f!/e6
••
1 6.Iif7 j,c7-+ 14 ... IieS I S.lbb2 Iie3 1 6. 3 1 ."fIb7 'f!/c6 32.'f!/g7 d2 33 .IieS <oii> e4 0: 1
lOa4 1 6.'f!/a4 'f!/c7 16 ... 11c2 17.Iibl 1 7. �5
'fWc7-+ , 1 7. J1c2 bc2 1 8 . lO c S 'f!/ c 7-+ M. Cebalo - 8. Chatalbashev
1 7 ... j,h 2-+ I S. <oii> f1 Iin 1 9 . <oii> n !Ve7
2O.Iib3 'f!/h4 2 1 .g3 'fWd4 22.<oii> g 2 'f!/d2 Reggio Emillia, 200S
23.<oii> h l j,fS 24.lbc3 j,g3 2S.'f!/aS <oii> h7
26.'f!/dS 'f!/h2 * 0: 1
White moves
I SS
Strategic motives
1. lld3! 2.Ad3 cd3 3.llgl "a4 4.AcS lLIdS

•• S.Af4 de4 9.lldS "dS l 0. AeS "dS ! 8.Af4
S."d4 "a2 6.�f3 lL1cS 7."cS Ab7 8.llbl llc8! 9."aS ef4 1 0.lLIgS "b8!+ I t .c3 l 1 .b3
1LIb6 0: 1 , on 9. �e3 1L1c4 1 0.�d3 lldS "eS-+ I t ... Ac3 1 1 . . . llc3 ! ? 1 2 . lld2 h6
1 3 . lLIe6 fe6 + 1 2. " a3 Af6 ? ! 1 2 . . . Ag7
o. Batakovs - S. Kuznetsov 1 3 .lLIe6? (2 9 . ll c l l oo ) ll c 3 ! 1 4 . b 3 fe 6
corr. I 99 1 I S . llhe l lle3-+ 1 3.lLIe6 fOO 1 3 . . . llc3 30.
"f8+- 14.llcl lle8 IS.llc6 "eS 1 6.llhcl
lle7 17."b4 �t7 1 8.a3 as I S . . . gS ! 1 9."bS
a4 2O.llc8 "e3? 2O . . . gS+ 2 1 .ll l c7 1 : 0
G. Kasparov - 8. Gelfand
Novgorod, I 997
White moves
1... lld4! 2.Ad4 2.AD lle4! 3 . Ae4 "cS

4.�fl "e3= 2 ... ed4 3.Ad3 "M 4.llal
"b2 S.llfl "Moo 6.lLIgS bS 7.abS cbS
8.h4 S. Ag6? d3 8 aS 9.�h2 a4 I O.ID"6 a3
•..
U -Ilg6 �f8 12.lla6 �e7! Y2:Y2 White moves

Xie Jun - E. Gufeld 1 ... llc3 1 ed5 2.edS+-; 1 f!;h 7 2. AeS deS
••• •••
Kuala Lumpur, 1 994 3 .d6+-; I i!(e8 2.lLIg4 llc2 [2 . . . edS 3 .lLIh6

•••
� 4.lLIfS llc2 S."f4 1L1fS 6.efS+-J 3."f4

lLIg4 4.llg4 eS S.AeS deS 6."eS gS ! 7.llgS !
lLIg6 S.llg6 fg6 9."e6 �f8 1 O.hg6 llSc7
1 1 ."f6 �gS 1 2 . Ah3+- 2.Ac3 bc3 3."d4
edS 3 . . . .. c7 4.llc l llcS S.lLIdl c2 6.lLIe3
A d3 7 . f4 "as S . fe S "d2 9 . llc2 "e l
1 0.�h2 Ac2 l 1 .ed6+- 4.edS "c7 4 . . . Ae2
S.lle l lL1D 6.AD AD 7.1LIc4 "a2 S."c3+
S."dl !+- llc8 5 .4.43 6.llc l llcS 7.lld4
•..
Ah7 S.f4 1L1d7 9.llc4+-; 5 JS 6.lld4 6.Ae4!

•••
"b6 7.llf4 Ab7 8.llcl "as 9.llc2 �h8

IO.Ag2 A a6 I t .lla4 "b6 1 2.lLIc4 Ac4
Black moves
1 3.bc4 1L1fS 1 3 . . . 1LIc4 1 4 . llc3 lLIb2 I S . llcS
l . .. lldS! L . AdS ;;!;; 2.�b l llad8 3.AdS lLIcS 1 6. "e2 1L1a4 1 7."eS �h7 I S . Ae4 g6
cdSoo 4.Ae3! 4.lLIgS d4 4.....e7!? S."cS 1 9.hg6 fg6 20. "g6 �hS 2 1 . " h7 a mate
"b7 6."a3 "c6!? 7."c3 "a8! 7 ..... eS!? 14.llc3 lL1d4 I S.cS llcS 1 6."d4 1 : 0
IS6
RETI' S BATTERY
Rcti 's battery characterizes the bishop's and queen's position in the fonnation on the diagonal
when stronger piece is behind the weak. one: YW a i , Ab2 or YW as, Ab 7. The aim is to put a
pressure on the diagonal, which can be attack on the weak points are on castling lining.
N. Gaprindasvili (GEO) With this move black puts pressure on the

point dS. In the following classical match
S. Mirkovic (YUG)
Rihard Reti demonstrated the strenght of his
Bela Crkva, 1 984 strategic idea
D26- 1 .d4 dS 2.c4 dc4 3.iilD iilf6 4.e3 e6
5.Ac4 cS 6.YWe2 a6 7.dcS AcS S.O-O 0-0
9.iilc3 bS 1 0.Ad3 Ab7 1 1.e4 iilbd7 1 2.AgS
YWbS l3.nadl YWc7
1 3 . . . Ac6 1 4 . Ac2 b4 I S .Aa4 Aa4 1 6.iila4
YWbS 1 7 . YW bS abS I S . A f6 g f6 1 9 . iilcS
[ 1 9 . nd7 na4 20 . n c l n a 2 2 1 . � fl + ]
1 9 . . . iilcS 20.nd4 lia2+ W. Uhlmann P. -
Lukacs, Debrecen 1 9S5

14.Abl l .nc2 ! Ad7 2. YWa l iilg6 3 lifc l 1.c6 4.iilfl
YWd7 S .iile3 h6 6.d4 e4 7.iileS 1.eS S.deS
14.nc l YWbS [ 1 4 ... lifcS]
iilh7 9.f4 eO 1 0.eO iilgS l 1 . f4 iilh3 1 2.�h l
14 nacS
••• d4 1 3 . Ad4 nadS 1 4.nc6 bc6 I S . 1.c6 iilf2
1 6.�g2 YWd4 1 7 . YWd4 Iid4 I S. 1.eS iile4
14 ... b4 I S .iila4 1.a7 1 6.lid2 iileS 1 7. Affi
1 9.e6 nd2 20.�O 1 : 0 R. Reti F. Yates,
gf6 I S .iileS YWeS +
-
New York1 924.

I S.�h l Ab4 1 6.nd YWbS 1 7.iild2 Ad6
23.f3 AdS 24. YW d3 iilb6 2S.1.e3 iil c4
I SJlce 1 eS 1 9.iilb3 b4 20.iildS iildS 21 .edS
26.Agl A e6 27.'fJe2 nfeS?
f5 22.ndl
27 ..§'c 7 2S.iild4 Ad7 29.iilfS 1.fS 30.1.fS
•••
nfS 3 1 .b3 .cS 32.bc4 Iif6+

27. � 2S .nc l nc7+
•.
2S.nd e4
28 . . . YWb7 29.AfS AfS 30.1ic4 'fJbS 3 1 . licS
YWe2 32.neS �f7 33 . nf2 YWbS 34.lidS Ac7
3S .nd l Ab6 36 .nfd2 Ag l 37.�g l +
29.fe4 f4
29 . . . fe4 30.Ae4 AdS 3 1 . AdS 'fJdS=
22 YWaS!
••• 30.iild4 ArT 3 1 . Ad3 iileS
1 57
Strategic motives
3 l ...�e3 32. i.e3 fe3 33 .Ilc8 '@c8 34.i.a6 46.i.e3 �e5 47.�e2 i. e7=
1H'c5 35. '@e3 i.e5 36.'@t1 IlfS 37.�f5 i.b2
43... �d 44.�f3 �a1 4S.eS i.cS
3 8 .'@f2 1H'f2 39. �e7 �h8 40.Ilf2 i.d4
4 1 .Ilt1 i.c5 42.i.c4 i.e7 43 .i.t7 [43 .Ilf7
Ilt7 44.i. t7 g5 45.e5 � g 7 46. i.c4 �g6
47.e6 �f5 48.g3 h6 49.�g2 �e4=] g5 44.e5
�g 7 45. i.d5 [45 .e6 Ila8+] Ilt1 46. i.t1
i.c5=
31.i.a6 Ild 33.Ild �g6 34.Ilc6 i.f8
3S.i.c4 1f(b7 36.1Wcl �eS 37.i.f7 1W f7
38.Ilc8 Ilc8 39. 'lVc8 f3
46.i.e3
46.�e4 i.d4 [46... �J ? 47.e6 �e8 48.i.e3
i.d4 49. i.c l i.c3 50. �d5 ± ; 46 . . eJc3
.
4 7 . � d3 g5 4 8 . �c4 i.d4 49. i.d4 �e6

5 0 . �b4 ± ] 4 7 . � d4 �e6 4 8 . i. e 3 �c3
4 9 . i. d2 �d5 5 0 . � c 5 h5 5 1 . i. b4 �b4
52.�b4 g5 5 3 .�c5 g4 54.�d4 h4 5 5.�e4
g3 56.hg3 hg3 57.�t1 g2 5 8.�g2 �e5=
40.'lVe6?
46 . . . i. d4 4 7 . i. d4 � c 1 4 8 . i. c S � b3
40.gt1 ! � t1 4 1 . �e6 �d2 42.'@f8 '@f8 49.i.b4 �d4
43 . �f8 �f8 44. i.c5 � t7 4 5 . i. b4 �e4
49 . . . �e6 50.�e4 g5 5 1 .h3 h6 5 2 . i. f8 �d2
46.a4+-
53 .�d3 � t1 54 . i. h6 �e5 5 5 . � e4 � t7
4O ... fg1 4 1.�gl �d3 41:1'f7 � 43.b3 56.i.g5=
43 .�c6 �b2 44.�d8 �g8 45.�t1 �d3 SO.�e4 �c6 SI .i.cS �e6 Sl.i.d6 Y2: Y2
158
Reti's battery
ADITIONAL MATCHES 5 . . . i.a8± 6.abS! .as 7.M .a4 8.beS lieS

9 . • b3 ! +- . as 9 . . . 'tfl b 3 1 0 . llI b 3 llIe4
A. Karpov - G. Kasparov I l .ba6! 1 0:fUD 1 :0
London/Leningrad (m/23), 1 986
V. Smyslov A. Gipslis
-
Moscow, 1 967
Black moves
l. .. llc5! 2.a4 .a8 3.llIel lifS 4.i.b7 .b7
S.D hS 6.llIgl lieS 7.i.b2 llee8 8.i.a3 ll1eS Black moves
9.libl lll e6 1 0 • d3 ll1e7 1 1 .1lIf4 bS 1 2.ebS
.
1 ... liad8 2.liacl 'lVb8 3.cdS llIdS 4.llIdS

abS 13.llIbS llIbS I4 • bS .bS I S.abS lib8
•
i.dS S.e4 i.b7 6.d4 .a8 7.llIel life8 8.lic2

1 6 . i. b 2 lib7 1 7.b6 lieb8 1 8.b4 llI d 7
ed4 9.lid4 ll:IcS 1 0.lldS lid8 1 I .b4 llId7
19.i.g7 �g7 Y2: Y2
1 2.a3 aS 13 • e4 aM I4.aM llIf6 1 S.D Y2 : Y2
•
O . Romanishin - L Vogt
R. Reti - A. Rubinstein
Polanica Zdroj , 1 980
Karlsbard, 1 923
White moves
White moves
I .dS! eS 1 . . . ed5 2 . i. f6 llIf6 3 . llIb6+-
2 •e3± bS 2 ... 'I/JIa7 3 . a5 3.llIaS llIeS 4.i.fI
• l . . a l ! llI e 8 2 . i. g7 llIg7 3 . 0-0 llI e6
1!Vb8 4 ... ba4 5.ba4± or 5.b4± S.i.al .e7? 3 . . . lifd8 4.libl i.e6 S.d4± i.e4 6.lldl as
159
Strategic motives
7.dS ll)eS 8.ll)d4! Ag2 9.<it>g2 ID"d8 1 O.ll)c6 J. R Capablanca E. Colle

-
gd6 H . ge3 ge8 1 2. !VeS f6 13.'frb2 eS

Hastings, 1 930
1 4.t!VbS! <it>f7 I S.gbl ll)d7 1 6.13 gc8
1 7.gd3 e4 18.fe4 ll)eS 19.t!Vb6 ll)c6 20.cS
gd7 21 .dc6 gd3 22.!Vc7 gc7 23.ed3 gc6
24.gb7 <it>e8 2S.d4 ga6 26.gb6! ga8
26. . . gb6 27.cb6 <it> d8 28.e5 fe5 29.de5 a4
30.e6 a3 3 l .b7 <it>c7 32.e7 a2 33.b8t!V <it> b8
34.e8t!V+- 27.gf6 a4 28.gn a3 29.ga2
<it>d7 30.dS gS 3 t .<it>D ga4 32.<it>e3 hS
33.h4 gb4 34.gb4 <it>e7 3S.<it>f4 <it>d7 36.<it>f5
1 :0
V. Savon - M. Mukhin
White moves - Win
Sukhumi, 1 972
1.gd7! !Vd7 2.Ag7 !Vc7 3. AfS gfS 4.g3
f6 S.ll)h4 ll)eS 6.f4 !Vc6 7.<it>n !Ve4 8. !Vbl
twbI 9.gbl .ie4 10.gb3 ll)d7 1 l .gaJ Ila8
l 2.gaS <it>rT 13.ll)D <it>e7 1 4.ll)d2 Ac6
IS.AD AD 1 6.<it>D <it>d6 1 7.ll)e4 <it>c6
18.ga6 ll)b6 1 9.1l)f6 <it>b7 20.g aS gc8
2 1.ll)e4 ll)c4 22.gbS Black resigns.
White moves
White organizes a pressure on the diagonal
a 1 -h8 I . !Val ! f6 2.Ac3 as 3.baS baS 4.gbl
<it>h8 S.gb7 Ae6 6.glbl AdS 7.g7bS gS
8.AaS white turned its area advantage into
materiaI 8... ll)aS 9.!VaS Aa8 IO.gcS !Ve8
1 I .ll)d2 Ag2 1 2.<it>g2 gcS 1 3.!VcS h6
14.gb7 gc8 I S.!VdS !Vc6 1 6.!Vc6 gc6
17.e4 in appeared ending black don't have
the counter-play, white's plan is to bring the
bishop to f5 1 7 ... gc3 18.gbS <it>h7 19.9d8
<it>g6 20.ll)c4 g4 2 1 .ll)e3 hS 22.ll)fS gc7
23.gg8 <it>h7 24.gg7 Black resigns.
1 60
DIAGONAL WEAKNESS
Diagonal h I -aS is weakened, the queen in the combination with a bishop occupie it. The
more active side's typical plan is to attack the king. In some cases the critical diagonal
opcns by sacrifice, then it comes to rough game.
L. Van Wely (NED) I S .�a3 ! ? Ilc3 I 9. �c5 Ac5 20.dc5 tflb2

2 1 .Ad4 �c6 22.Ac3 'tlYc3 2 3 . �bS tflc5
V. Topalov (BUL)
24.Ile I ;!;;
Dortmund, 2005
1 8 tfla6 19.tflel b6 20.�aJ Aa3!
•••
C02- I .d4 e6 2.e4 dS 3.eS cS 4.c3 �c6 S.�f3

Ad7 6.a3 f6 7.Ad3 'WJc7 8.Af4 O-H 9. 2 0 . . . 1Wb7 2 1 .�b4 �c4 22.�c4 dc4 23.dS
0-0 c4 I O.Ae2 a5 24.�c6 Ac6 25.Ilb I .idS 26 . Ilb6 Ilc7
27.tflb 1 +-
2 1 .IlaJ �e7
2 l . . .�c4 22.Ila l fff a S 23 . .igS ±
22.�b4 'l{fb7 23. Ad3 �c4 24 .ic4 dc4 •
2S.aS bS 26.a6?!
26.Ag5 !
26 :tff a8
.•
26 . . . tfle4 27.'i'lb l �d5 2S . .ig5 IlhgS;!;;

27. t!fe2 �dS 28.�dS 'l{fdS 29.f4 hS 30.Ilbl
IO .. :tffb6 h4 3 1.<,t>f)
Two follow-ups were played IO h6 I I .h4
•••
AeS I 2 .b3 cb3 1 3 . Ab3 Ah5 I4.�bd2 fe5

I 5 .de5 Ac5 1 6. 1Wb l �ge7 1 7.c4 Ilhf8+ M .
Adams - V. Epishin, Ter Apel 1 992, and
lO . . . �ge 7 I l . A g3 tw b 6 1 2 . tW c l �g6
1 3 .�bd2 .i e7 1 4.ef6 gf6 1 S.b3 cb3 1 6.�b3
cS I 7J lb l tWa6 I S . .ig6 hg6 1 9.deS;!;; C.
Marcelin - M . Ulibin, Corsica 1 999
n .b3 cb3 1 2.Ab3 gS 1 3 .ie3 g4 1 4.�e1
•
14.�fd2 ! ? �a5 I S .c4 �b3 1 6. 1Wb3 twb3

1 7.�b3 dc4 I S.Ilc l ;!;;
14 ... �aS I S.Ae2 CS 1 6.�d3 �b8 17.a4 3 1 ... Ac6!
Ilc8 1 8. 'l{fe2 Black conquered the longest diagonal which
161
Strategic motives
assures solid positional advantage, the plan king 2.�f2 tOg4 3 .�gl tOe3 4.1!ff d 2 tOg2
is attack on the king. In the following match S.�g2 d4 ! 6.tOd4 i.b7 7.�fl 1!ff d 7 0: 1 R.
the legendary Bobby Fischer carries out the Byme R. Fischer, USA (ch) 1 963.
-
different idea where he opens the critical

31.i.gl �a8 33.Ilb4 Ilb8 34.Ilal Ilb6
diagonal by sacrificing the knight and the
3S.�e1 h 3 36.g3 Ilc8 37.i.e3 i.d7 38.IlaS
pawn.
'W/hl 39.�dl i.c6 40.'W/f2
In this position white could try to sacrifice a
pawn 40.dS 1!ff dS 4 1 . i.d4 Ild8 42.�c2 1!ff g2
4 3 . 'W/ g2 hg2 44 . Il a l Ila6 4 S . Ila6 Ild4
46.Ila l i.e4 47.�b2 Ild2 48.�a3 Ilf2-+
4O ... i.dS 41.tlVgl tlVe4 41.�d
42.IlbbS 1!ff d 3 43 .�el i. O-+
41 . . . Ilcc6 43. tlV fl Il a6 44 . Il abS Il a l
4S.Ilbl Ilb1 46.Ilbl Ila6 47.'W/dl 'W/hl 0 : 1
1 . ..tOf2! pulls down the defense around the
1 62
Diagonal weakness
ADITIONAL MATCHES 2 . lt:le4 2 . f3 c4 3 . gf4 cb3 4 . lt:l b 3 ba4co

2 lt:lh3 3.Whl c4 3 ... lt:lt2! 4.t!Vt2 f5 5 . t!Vg2
..•
D. Sekulic - S. Mirkovic [ 5 . �e2 c4 6.dc4 iLe4 7.Wg l iLb7+] c4 !

6. iLc2 cd3 7.iLd3 fe4 8 .iLe4 nae8 9. iLd2
Belgrade, 1 980
ne4 1 0 . ne4 iLc5 I l . iLf4 t!Vd3 1 2 . nae l
ba4+ 4.dc4?! 4.iLd l ! [4. iLc2 cd3 5. iLd3
It:lt2 6.�t2 f5 7. �g2+] It:lt2 5.t!Vt2 f5 6.iLf3
fe4 7.de4 nae8 8 . �e2 iLg3 9 . hg3 t!Vh3
1 0.t!Vh2= 4...lt:lfl S.t!Vfl fS 6.t!Vd4?! 6.iLe3 !
[6. iL f4 fe4 7.�e3 nf4 8.gf4 iL f4 9.nad l
t!Vd l 1 0 . iL d l iL e3 I l . ne3 bc4 + ] t!Ve6
7.iLc2 fe4 8.t!Ve2 bc4+ 6 fe4 7.iLe3 t!Vh3!
•••
8.t!Vd6 8.w g l [8. t!Vd2 iLg3 9.t!Vg2 t!Vg2

1 0 . w g2 iL e l I l . n e l bc4 1 2 . iLc4 nac8
l 3 .b3 nc6 !-+] iLg3 ! 9.ne2 no 1 0. ng2
ne3 !-+ 8 nfl! 9. iLfl e3 10.t!VdS iLdS
•••
Black moves Win - l 1 .cdS ef2 1 2 .I!f1 I! f8-+ 1 3 .abS �g4

l 3 . . . h5 ! 1 4.Wg2 t!VO 1 4 . . . t!V e4 1 5 . Wh3
1 lt:lb3! 1 . .. t!Vd5 2.iLc3 2. lt:lb3 �d5 3 .t!Vh3
.•.
nf6? 1 6.na6= l S.Wh3 I!fS 1 6.I!a4 I!hS
t!Vb3 4.gf5 t!Vb2 5 . f6 It:le2 6. iLe2 nf6+ 17.I!h4 I!h4 1 8.Wh4 t!Ve2 0: 1
2 nc3 3. iLc4 3 . lt:lb3 t!Vd5 4 . t!Vh3 �b3
..•
5.nabl �d5-+ 3 ...nc4 4.lt:lb3 4.lt:ldc4 �d5

5.�h3 It:la l-+ 4 ... nc2 S.nfl 5.lt:lO �d5 V. Smyslov - G. Kasparov
6.nab l �e4-+ S ... 'f!VdS 6.nc2 'f!Vhl 7.Wfl URS 1981
tl'fg2 8.Wel t!Vc2 9.lt:ld2 t!Vc3 l O.nbl tl'fe3
l 1 .�dl t!Vd4 1 2. nb3 t!Vf4 0: 1
Z. Almasi - A. Khalifman
Ubeda, 1 997
B lack moves - Win
1. t!Ve8! 2.deS t!VhS 3.h4 �g4 4.Wh2 bcS

•.
S.I!hl I!g6 6.�gl iLh4 7.t!VaS h6 White

resigns.
Black moves Win -
1 . It:lf4! l . . .b4 2 .lt:le4 bc3 3 .bc3 �c6 ! �

••
1 63
Strategic motives
B. Tirkajla S. Mirkovic
- � f3 5 .�f3 hg5 6.�e5 Ilc8 7 .'fWd3 'fWd3
8 . .i.d3 .i.a3 9 . .i.a3 Ilc3 10 . .i.e7 g4 1 1 ..i.fl
Bela Crkva, 1 983
Ilh6 1 2.Ilb 1 � 3 .i.gS �c3? 3 . . . �e5 ! 4.J.f6
•
[4.de5 'fWc6 5 .ef6 �f4!-+] �g4 5 . J.e5 'fWc6

6.�d5 'fWd5 7.f3 .i.a3 8.ba3 �e5 9.de5 �c5
1 0.<c!tg2 'fWa3-+ 4.bc3? decisive mistake,
white could still preserve the balance 4.Ilc3 !
�d4 5 . 'lVh5 'fWd5 6 . f3 IlafS 7 . J. f6 J.f6
8.�g6 Ild8 9.Ilc7 �f3 1 0.<t>t2 'fWd2 1 1 .Ile2
't!Vd4 12.Ile3 'f!Vb2 1 3 .Ile2 't!Vd4 14. Ile3=
4 �eS! S.deS 'fWdS 6 .i.e4 6.f3 Ilg6 7.h4
••• •
.i.a3-+ 6 'fWe4 6 . . . fe4 7 . c4 'fWe5 8 . J. f6

•••
'fWf6..-+ 7.'lVe4 .i.e4 S.ef6 .i.a3 9.Ildl gf6

1 0 .i.f6 r:3;f7 l 1 . .i.eS IlgS 1 2. r:3; f1 j,.dS
•
B lack moves - Win

1 3.Ild4 Il g4 1 4.f4 1 4.Ilg4 fg4 1 5. J.d4 J.c5
1 �c6! 2.gS hgS 2 ...�d4 3.'fWc4 �c3 4.bc3
• •• 14 J. cS l S.Ild2 .i.c4 0: 1
•••
1 64
BISHOP IN THE ISOLATION
In bishop's isolation pawns have decisive impact. Opponent's pawns can deduct important
strategic points, while own pawns limit the bishop's mobility when they are at same color
square. Following plans may be present through advantage realization: a) advantage is
realized at the opposite side from the isolated b ishop (Capablanca's principle), b) game is
in the center (isolated bishop is at the side) c) attack on the king which is at the same side
as isolated piece. With action in the center white used the bad opponent bishop's position at
king's side in the following match.
N. Sedlak (SCG) Topalov, Dortmund 200 1 , and 15.b3 h5

1 6 .g5 i. e7 1 7. i. a3 b5 1 8.1We2 0-0 1 9.1We3
1. lvanisevic (SCG)
h4 20. i.d3 i.h5 2 1 .� h l g6 22.11g1 1WaS
Topola, 2004 23.i.b2 i.d8 2 4.lLlh4 i.b6 2S.1We l i.cS
B5 1 - 1 .e4 cS 2.lLlf3 d6 3.i.bS lLlc6 4.H 26.a4 1Wb6� Zhang Zhong V. Topalov,-
i.d7 S.c3 lLlf6 6.11el a6 7.i.n i.g4 S.d3 Moscow 200 1

e6 9.lLlbd2 lLld7 1 0.h3 i.hS 1 1 .g4 i.g6 l S ... h6 1 6.i.h3 i.e7 1 7.hS i.h7 1 S.lLlfl as
1 2.d4 cd4 13.cd4 eS 1 4.dS lLlcbS 1 9.1Llg3 lLla6 20.i.fl lLl acS 2 1 . i. bS 0-0
22.a4 �hS 23.lLld2 i.h4
23 . . . i.gS 24.lLlc4 i. c l 2S.l:ic l lLlf6 26.f3�
24.lLldfl lLl f6 2S.f3 11cS 26.i.e3 lLl gS
27.l:ie2 i.gS 28.11a3 i.f4 29.11c3 1WgS
l S.h4!?
The alternates are 15.b4 hS 1 6.gS as 1 7.baS
i.e7 1 8 . lLlb3 0-0 1 9. 1Wd2 lLla6 20.lLlh4
lLlac5 2 1 .i.g2 b6 22.lLlfS f6 23.lLlh4 1We8
24.lLlc5 lLlc5 2 S . ab 6 fgS 2 6 . lLlg6 1Wg6
27.1We2 11tb8 28.11b l i.d800 V. Anand V. - 3O.i.cS!
1 65
Strategic motives
Intro move in white's conception. Isolated with a cost of pawn; but not that fast, black
bishop on h7 has no possibility to involve focuses its forces at queen 's side where it
into game. With action in the center white has a piece more; the end ofthe match shows
realizes the advantage. Different conception how to simply win the similar positions
was applied in the following match (Capablanca» ) 7.�g2 as 8.a4 �f7 9.Ilh l
�e6 l O.h4 Ilfb8 (black's game transfers to
queen's side) I l .hgS hgS 1 2.b3 c6 1 3 .Ila2
bS 1 4.Ilha l c4 ! [white's efforts to save the
match are ruined after this move) I S .abS
cb3 1 6.cb3 IlbS 1 7 .Ila4 Ilb3 1 8.d4 IlbS
1 9.Ilc4 Ilb4 20. Ilc6 Ild4 0: I W. Winter - J .
R. Capablanca, Hastings 1 9 1 9.
JO dcS 31 .Ilgl 't\'ff6 31.ll:}e3 IlfdS?!
•••
More resistant would be 32 . . . A e 3 3 3 . Ile3

1 ... gS! (after this move the match is lost for Ilfd8 34.Ild3 Ild6 3S.ll:}fl
white (Capablanca») 2.ll:}f6 (2. �5 ll:}dS-+ 33.ll:}c4 IlaS 34.Ild3 ll:}e7 3S.ll:}el AgS
or 2.b3 ll:}dS 3.edS Ag4 4.Ile l Ile8 and 36.'fJeI ? !
because of the threat f7-f5-f4 white bishop
36.'fJb3 ! would faster conclude.
would find itself in critical position) 'fJf6
3. Ag3 Ag4 4.h3 A13 S.'fJ13 'fJ13 6.g13 (the 36 ll:}c6! 37 .t.c6 bc6 3S.d6 IleS 39.'t\'fc3
••• •
triumph of chess logic, white has a piece less Ile6 40.'t\'faJ g6 4t .'t\'fcS ghS 41.ghS IlgS
because bishop has no possibility to involve 43.d7 IldS 44. 't\'faS 't\'f e7 4S. 't\'fc7 fS 46.ll:}d6
into game, simple realization follows) f6! .t.gS 47.efS Ilf6 4S.ll:}b7 't\'f b4 49.ll:}c3 't\'fh4
(it is obvious that white plays with a piece SO.'t\'feS .t.f4 Sl .'t\'fe7 .t.hl Sl.<i!;lfl .t.g3
less, and that it can release a bishop only S3.Ilg3 1 :0
1 66
Bishop in the isolation
ADITIONAL MATCHES A. Kotov I. Kashdan

-
USA - URS (ml2) 1 945

J. R. Capablanca E. Bogoljubow
-
London, 1 922
White moves
1 . 1.e6! fOO 1.l1b8 11bS 3.1.bS b4 3 . . . 1.h6

White moves 4.�d3 1.g5 5.g3 h4 6.g4 e5 7.Ae5 e6 8.e4
The bishop on h5 is a piece that white plays � g 8 9 . d 5 ed5 1 0 .ed5 1.d8 1 1 . f4 � f7
on, the isolation is realized on already 1 2.<ct>e4 J. b6 1 3. 5 b4 1 4 . fg6 <ct>g6 1 5 .<ct>d3
familiar way l.lo3d1! 1.f6 1.Af6 't!Vf6 3.a4 At2 1 6. 1.d4 1.g3 1 7 . J. c5 b3 1 8.ab3 ab3
c4! 4.bc4 lCleS S.'t!Ve3 ba4 6.f4! 'fIe7 7.g4 1 9 .<ct>c3 <ct>f7 20.<ct>b3+- 4.�d3 Ah6 S.f4!
1.g6 8.fS Ah7 9.1C1gl 't!VeS I O.�g1 11abS gS 6.g4 hg4 7.hg4 gf4 8.ef4 1 :0
I l .llabl f6 l l . ..llb2 12. 11b2 'fIb2 I 3 . 11e2 ! ±
1 1.1C1t3 llb1 13.11b1 't!Vb1 1 4. ll d 't!Vb3 T. Petrosian - M. Bertok
I S.lCld4! 'fI e3 1 5 . . . 'fI c4 1 6 . 1C1 e6 llb8
Bled, 1 96 1
1 7.1C1c5 dc5 18 .lld2 11b3 1 9. 'fIf2+- 16.11e3
l1b8 1 7. 11c3 � 18.'itt t3 llb1 1 9.1C1ge1
Ag8 10.1C1e6! lClb3 20 . . . 1C1e4 2 1 .�e4 lle2
22.�d4 lld2 23 .11d3 lla2 24.c5+- 11 .eS!
dc5 11.1C1c5 1C1d1 13.�a �e7 14.�el lClbl
1S.l1d3 a3 16.d6 �d8 17.1C1d4! llb6
18.1C1de6 Ae6 19.fe6 llb8 30.e7 �e8
3 1 .1C1a6 1 : 0
White moves - Win
l .h6! with this move black bishop is totally

out of the game 1 . 1.h8 1.1C1a4 11e7 3.b4!
••
1. a4 4. 11a4 lCld7 S.bS lLlfS 6.1131 11ti

1 67
Strategic motives
7.11ab2 abs 8.11bs b6 9.ab6 llb7 10.i.n S. Mirkovie - V. Stoica

lIb6 1 l .lIb6 lLIb6 n.!Vb2 lLIa4 1 3.!Vc1 Bajmok, 1 9 84
lLId7 14. lIal lLIab6 I s.lla8 !Va8 16.!Vd
Wf7 1 7.lLIe2 !Va4 18.!Va4 lL1a4 Petrosian
conceived to transfer the king to queen's
side, and to prepare pawn's penetration after
g4-gS 19.1LIg3 lL1db6 20.i.c1 lL1e3 21 .wet
we7 22. Wd2 lL1ea4 23.Wd lLIe8 24. Wb3
lLIab6 2s.i.h3 Wd7 26. i.d2 lLIe7 27.gs
We8 28.i.aS lLIee8 29.lLIhl ! fgS 30.lLIfl
i.f6 31 .i.g4 i.d8 32.lLIh3 i.f6 33.i.d2
lLIe7 34.lLIgs i.gs 3s. i.gS Wf7 36.i.d2
lLIee8 37.i.e8! lLIe8 38.i.gS lLIb6 39.i.d8
lLIe8 40. �a4 we8 41 .i.gS Wd7 42.Wbs
We7 43.Wa6 lL1b6 44.i.d8! 1 :0 White moves - Win
I .bs! abs 2.Wbs �d7 if 2... .i.e7 3 .i. b4

O . Neikirkh - Rajher Ad8 4.�c6, or 2. .. f!;dS 3 .A b4 i.c7 4.i.aS
Ab8 S .Ab6 and white wins in both cases
Sofia, 1 960
3.i.b4! i.e7 4.i.aS i.bS s. Ab6 1 :0
A. Toth - I. Sarenae
Obrenovac, 200S
White moves - Win
I .lLIes! lidS 2.a3 simpler was 2 . lLIed7 !

2 ... !Vd8 3.11003 !Ve7 4.lLIf3 lIed8 s.M lIhs
6.11e3 11dds 7.h3 !Vf6 8.!Ve2 lL1g6 9.i.g6
!Vg6 10.lLIes i.es n .des llgs n.g3 !VIS White moves - Win
13.f4?! should play I 3 .h4! 13... 11g6? black
misses 1 3 ... • f4 ! 14.�h2 t!re3 ! 14.�h2 hs l.g4! i.g6 2.lLId4 ed4 on 2 ... lId4 3 . lId4 ed4
IS.lIn as 16.11e3 aM 1 7.aM lld4 18.11a3 4 . f4 Ah7 S . fS and the bishop would be
lldS I9.11dl ID'8 20.!Vd3! llbS 2 1 .!vlS efs isolated 3.f4 i.h7 4.fs hs 4 . . . cS S. t!r O
Zl.h4 lIg4 23.11da l llb4 24.11a8 �h7 s.!Vfl S.gS ! fgS 6. t!rhS f6 7.h4 lIb7 8.hgS
2s.lLIdJ 1 :0 5 ... 0 6.lLIb2 6.ghS ! +- 6 ... 11e8 7.t!rf3 !Ve6?
168
B ishop in the isolation
7 . . h g4 S . hg4 'Wf b 7 9.!le l S.!ld4 !lbdS

. S.!lc2 !ldeS 9 . !l h c 1 c.;t> fS 1 0 .g4 �eS
9.!ldS !ldS 1 0.!ldl !leS 1O . !ld l I l . lbd l
. . 1 l .lbd2 lbd7 1 2.lbb3 lbb6 1 3 .lbeS Knight
hg4 1 2. '8'g4 c.;t>f8 1 3 .lbe3+- l l .!lel '8'a6 came to dom inant position 13 ...lbe4 1 4.�e4
1 2.84 'WfaS 1 3. !le2 1W b4 1 4.c.;t>g2 !ldS de4 I S . lb Se4 1 5 . lb 3 e4 ? lb d 5 I S . . . bS
IS.lbe4 !ld4 1 6.!lc2 1 6.g5 ! fg 5 1 7 • h5 f6 . 16.lbd6 !lbS 1 7.fS! the attack a t king's side
I S . 'Wf e S c.;t> g 7 1 9. t!Ve7+- 1 6.. .'�el 1 7.!le2 fo ll o ws 1 7 ... �d7 1 S.!lf2 lbdS 1 9.1bdS edS
%l'fbl I S.!ld2 !le4 I S ... 'Wfe4 1 9. 'Wfe4 !l e4 20.gS hS 2 1 .!lefl c.;t>gS 22.g6 f6 23.!le2 �c6
2 0 . !l d S c.;t> g 7 2 1 . c.;t> f3 + - 1 9 .!ldS c.;t> g7 24.!lfel ladS 2S.c.;t>f4 feS 26 .!leS! �f8
20.lbd2 1 :0 27.lbf7 !leS 2S.lbgS 28... !lee7? ovcrs ight
in lost position, on 2S . . . !lc5 2 9 . dc 5 ! !le7
S . Tarraseh - J. Noa 30.f6! gf6 3 l .ef6 !le l 32.lbh7 c.;t> eS! 33.f7
c.;t> d7 34. fS'l!'f !lfl 3 5 . c.;t> g5 !lf8 36.lbfS �c7
Hamburg, I S S5 37.g7 �f7 3S. c.;t> h6 c.;t> gS 39.lbg6+- 29.lbh7
1 :0
Y. Averbakh - V. Panov
Moscow, 1 950
B lack moves
W h i te ha strong center and area a dvantage.

I n t h i s type of p os i t i o n s b a s i c b l a e k ' s
weakness i s white-square b i shop which is
impeded b y its own pawns. Whitc's plan i s
Black moves - Win
attack a t king's s i de 1 ... lb8e7 2.�d3 !lbeS
3.b3 lbb4 4.a3 lbbe6 after 4 ... lbd3 5 . c.;t> d3 In the position on the d i agram whitc has
b lack is sti l l w i t h bad bi shop S.b4 this is bad pos i t i o n a l advantage w h i c h c on s i s t s of
fur white 5 . lba4 lba5 ! 6.lbe5 !le5 7 . !lc5 strong knight and potential passed pawn at
lLl b 3 8 . c.;t> c 3 lLl c 5 9 . d c 5 � b 5 ! b i s h o p king's side l .gS! white king has open way
a c t i vates 1 0 . J. b5 a b 5 a n d B l u ck h a s the to square f5 1 ... c.;t>g7 2.c.;t>t3 c.;t>f7 3.c.;t>g4 J..e7
upper hand S...h6 6.h4 lLlbS 6 . !lc7? 7.lLla4
. .
4.�fS �f8 S.lbf6 h6 6.gh6 �h6 7. lbe4
7.'it>e3 the room for a knight is released, .i.f8 S.h6 �h6 9.lbd6 c.;t>e7 1 0.lbe4 �e3
which w i l l trans fer to e 5 over d2 7... !le7 I I .d6 c.;t>d7 1 2. c.;t>eS 1 :0
1 69
ROOK IN ISOLATION
In rook's isolation, as in isolation of other pieces, pawns have decisive impact. Opponent's
pawns can deduct rook's important strategic points; they represent important limitation
factor. Of course, own pawns can also seriously endanger rook's activity if they decrease
radius of its movement.
Three cases may b e present through

advantage realization:
I . Game is at the opposite side from the
isolated piece (Kapablanka's principle)
2. Game is in the center (isolated piece is at
the side)
3. Attack on the king which is at the same
side as isolated piece.
The match that follows has big importance
because GM Sveshnikov places the original
idea when he uses the bad rook h8 position
by moving the pieces through the center. 9.t!!Ic4!
On 9.!rc3 !r f6 ! �
E. Sveshnikov (RUS)
9 Ag4
•••
V. Kupreichik (BLR)
9 . . . cb2 ! ? 1 0.Ab2oo
Hastings, 1 984
1 0.liIc3 AfJ I t . g fJ !r f6 1 2. f4 !r f7
C44- t .e4 eS 2.liIf3 liIc6 3.d4 ed4 4.Ac4
1 3.!rbS± liId4 14.!rd3
AcS
14.!ra4 ! ? liIe6 1 5 . .i.e3 liI f4 1 6.0-0-0 and
4 . . . Ab4 5.c3! dc3 6.0-0ao
white has the initiative.
S.c3! dc3 6.At7! ? Wt7 7.tvdS Wf8? !
14 liIe6 I S.fS liIcS 1 6.tvc2 tvc4 1 7.Ae3 !
•••
7 . . . We8 8.!rc5 !re7 9.!re7 li1ge7 lO.liIc3 ;!;; liIf6

8.!rcS d6 1 7 .1013 1 8 . Wd2 liIe5 1 9 .Had 1 ±
••
8 ... !re7 9.!re7 li1ge7 1 0.liIc3 ± 1 7 /If'd3 1 8.!rd3 li1d3 1 9. We2±

•••
170
Rook in isolation
lIe4 7.lIfl lIe2 8 .tff d 6 lIa2 9. tffd S tff c 2

I O.cS IId8 ! I I .J.d6 lIe8 0 : 1 L Aronson -
M. Tal, URS (ch) 1 95 7 .

IS lIeS
•••
1 8 . . . l2:\ce4? 1 9.1Id4+-
1 9.f3! l2:\ed7 20.lId4 �e6 2 1 .�bl lIe7
22.tff e2 l2:\eS 23.�gS �eS 24.lIhdl l2:\e6
2S.lIe4 �eS 26.l2:\dS
2 6 . f4 tff a S 2 7 . l2:\ d S 1I f7 2 8 . � f6 gf6
29.tff h S±
I S.0-0-0
26 1If7 27.J.f4 tffe S
•••
With the move in the match white evacuated

the king, the problems of black position are
in bad king and rook location. The classic
case of rook's isolation is in the following
match
2S.l2:\e7!+- lIe7 29.�d6 lIe7 30.eS l2:\d7

30 . . . �f7 3 I .f4+-
3 1 .f4 ! hS 32. tff d 3 ! IIh6 33 . � e7 rtJ e7
Black realized the advantage at king's side 34. tff aJ rt;f1 3S.e6 IIe6 36.fe6 tffe6 37. �d3
by applying the Capablanca's principle on l2:\f6 3S.fS �eS 39.1Ic2 rtJgS 40.lIe2 �eS
the following way l . . . �b l ! 2 . J.eS l2:\e6 4 1 .a3 rtJh7 42. lIg2 l2:\eS 43 :tWc2 � e3
3. tffd6 tff fS 4.J.f4 l2:\gS S.tff b4 J.e4 6.�e4 44.lIdgl l2:\eg4 1 :0
171
Strategic motives
ADITIONAL MATCHES M. Kupferstich H. Andreasen

-
Copenhagen, 1 953
A. Petrov - P. Zumu
Paris, I S63
White moves - Win
Black moves t .Jag7 �f8 2. Jab7 2. Jac7 �gS 3 . Jag7=

2...�g8 3.Jag7 �f8 4.lIa7 �g8 S.lIaS j,aS
The classical example of rook's isolation 6.ltld6! 1 : 0
I ... ltlfl 2.�f2 ltleS 3.deS j,fS 4.ltlf6 j,f6
S.ef6 ltld7 5 ... ltla6 gives black a chance to
Golovko - Orlov
release the rook 6.j,d7 j,d7 7.Jael 7.Jahl
j,f5 S . Jah5 j,c2 9. Jae5 white 's plan for Moscow, 1 962
victory: 1 ) pawn g4 conquest 2) transferring
the king to queen's side 3) creation of passed
pawn 9 ... JacS 1 0. �g3 j,b l 1 1 .�g4 j,g6
1 2 .�f4 j,b l 1 3 . �e3 j,g6 14 .�d4 j,b l
1 5 .�c5 j,g6 1 6.b4 j,d3 1 7.a4 a6 I S.b5 ab5
1 9.ab5 j,c2 20.b6 cb6 2 1 .�b6 JabS 22.d6+-
7 ... JaeS S.JaeS j,e8 9.�g3 j,d7 I O.c4 as
t t .aJ a4 t 2.cS j,cS 1 3.d6 cd6 1 4.cd6 j,d7
lS.�f4 j,e6 16.�g3 Ya:Ya
Black moves - Win
Using the opponent rook's isolation black

strikes at queen 's side 1 ... �g6 2.j,d2 �gS
3. i.d 3.j,e l �g4 4.�g2 JahS 5 . j,d2 Jaf8
6.j,e l j,g5 7.j,d2 f4 S.ef4 Jaf4 9.j,f4 j,f4
1 O.d5 ed5 I l .e6 j,g5 1 2.e7 j,e7 1 3 . Jae3
j,f6-+ 3 ... �g4 4.�g2 j, b4! S.ab4 JahS
6.j,aJ JaaS 0: 1
1 72
Rook in isolation
V. Smyslov A. Tolus - Y. Porat D. Bronstein

-
Moscow, 1 96 1 Amsterdam (izt), 1 964
t .j,b8! 1 :0 t hS! 1.IifS �g6 3.Iif4 fS 4.h3 lileS S.IieS

•••
IieS 6.g4 fg4 7.hg4 h4! 8.IifS �g7 9.Iif4

A. Tolush L Portiseh
- IibS t o.�e3 �g6 0: 1
Balaton, 1 958
N. Padevsky - Stefanov
Bulgaria (ch), 1 962
B lack moves - Win
t �f6? l ...�e5 ! 1.g3 hg3 3.bS? 3.h4 ! lDf3

White moves
•••
4. hg5 �f5 5.g6 �g4 6.g7 g2 7.g8tIV lDg5

8. tlV c 8 � g 3 9. tlVc3 lD f3 1 0 . tlVg7 � f2 t :tWdl! the game motive is passive black
I l .tlVb2 j,d2-+ 3 lDbS 4.h4 lDe3! S.�d
••• rook's position on h6 t lDfg4 1.A.e4 �h8
•••
lDdS 6.hgS �fS 7.�d3 lDe3 8.Iig) j,g) 3. lDgS �g7 4.j,e6! !ifS 4 . . . !ihh8 5 . .1g4
9.�e3 �gS I O.�d4 A.e7 1 l .�eS A. aS S.IifS � 6.j,g4 lDg4 7. 'f!Vf4! after this
1 l.�e6 A.e3 0: 1 move b lack king becomes the white pieces
target 7 �e8 8.IiG lDf6 9.eS deS t o.'f!Ve5
•••
1 73
Strategic motives
h4 I Uie3 lCig8 1 2.!Ne4 !NbS 13.!Ne6 c,!>f8 L Radulov - H. Westerinen

14.!Nt7 1 : 0
Helsinki (zt), 1 972
J. Pokojowczyk M. Bjelaj ae
-
Pamporovo/Smolj an, 1 977
White moves
l .ts! eS 1 ... efS 2.lCie7 Ae7 3 . Iie7 with the
idea Iidd7 and white is clearly better 2.b4
Black moves - Win
c,!>g7 3.Iie4 hS 4.h4 Iig8 S.c,!>d2 it is better
1 ...fgS! preliminary move with the original 5 .c3 c,!> h6 6.Iigl S... c,!>h6 6.Iigl IibbS !
idea, the aim is to use white rook's bad posi 7.lCibS A M 8.c,!>e2 Iib8 9.g4 Iig8 I O.c,!>f3
tion 2.lCigS /CigS 3.AgS Iid8 4.c,!>e2 4... Iid4! Ad2 II .Iie2 AM 12.Iieg2 Iie8 13.ghS e4
after this move white can release the rook 14.c,!>e2 Iih8 I S. Ilg8 Iig8 1 6. IigS Ad
only with material losses S.d Iie4 6.Adl 1 7.Ilh8 c,!>g7 18.Iie8 c,!>h6 19.Iie7 1 :0 on
Iih4 7.f4 Iih2 8.c,!>el ab4 9.aM h4 1 0.bcS 19 ... c,!>h5 would be followed by 20.Iia7 c,!>h4
bcS IUS c,!>f6 1 2.Iig4 h3 13.e4 Iig2 0: 1 2 l .Iic7 with Iic5 .
1 74
INDEX OF NAMES
Aa.-Iand Stein Arild (94) Bogolj ubow Efi m (72, 1 1 0, Drasko Milan (46)
Abramovic Bosko (92, 1 5 5) 1 67) Dreev Aleksei (77)
Adams Edward B. ( \ 32) Bohm Hans (2 1 ) Dublan Mark Narciso (70)
Adams Michael (3 7, 5 1 ) Bologan Viktor (32, 9 1 ) Dumpor Atif ( 105)
Addison William ( 1 2 2) Bonch Osmolovsky M. (45) Dunworth Christopher ( 1 0)
Adhami Vangiel ( 1 07) Bondarevsky Igor ( 1 28) Dura s Oldrich (20)
Adianto Utut (64) Botvinnik Mikhail (23 , 39, 70, Dworakowska Joanna ( 1 3)
Adorjan Andras (22) 129)
Agrest Evgenij (37) Brenjo Slavisa (37) Djeric Kosta (4 1 )
Akopian Vladimir (64) Bronstein David (36, 92, 1 73)
AI Modiahki M. (7 1 , 98) Browne WaIter ( 1 08) Ebralidze A . ( 1 1 9)
Alekhine Alexander (5 1 , 72, Bukic Enver ( 1 06) Ehlvest Jan ( 1 52)
73, 96, 1 07, 1 09, 1 2 1 , 1 27, 1 45) Bunzmann Dimitrij (77) Ehrenfeucht Wojcie ( 1 4 1 )
Aleksandrov (52) Eperjesi Laszlo ( 1 2 1 )
Aleksandrov Aleksej (68) Caceres Henry U. (8 1 ) Ermenkov Evgenij ( 1 1 8)
Almasi Zoltan ( 1 63) Calvi Ignanzio(43) Euwe Max (96, 1 1 0, 1 1 9)
Anand Viswanathan (20, 9 1 , Capablanca Jose Raul (53, 73, Ezat Mohamed (6 1 )
93, 104, 1 1 7) 85, 96, 1 2 1 , 1 46, 160, 1 67)
Andersson Ulf (34) Cardenas Elizart (97) Fajnberg ( 1 1 0)
Andreasen H. ( 1 72) Cebalo Miso ( 1 55) Fine Reuben (20, 3 1 )
Andres ( \ 33) Cechel in S. (53) Fischer Robert (28, 38, 45, 47,
Arduman Can (94) Chethover Vitaly ( 1 9) 48, 52, 72, 76, 1 1 6, 1 22, 1 46)
Arkhipkin Y. ( 1 29) Centurini Luiggi (25) Flohr Salo (53, 70, 96)
Arvit (92) Cereteli M. (65) Foraseri ( \ 30)
Aseev Konstantin (59) Chatalbashev Boris ( 1 55) Franzen Jozef ( 1 40)
Atal ik Suat ( 1 7, 75) Chekhov Valery ( 1 1 5) Fressinet Laurent (70)
Averbakh Yuri (20, 42, 1 69) Cherednichenko Svetlana ( \ 3)
Chemiaev Alexander (8 1 ) Gamara Ceceres Carlos ( 1 30)
Bajsanski M ilos (5 1) Chigorin Mikhail (30) Gaprindashvili Nona ( 1 57)
Balanel Ion (92) Cicvaric Dragos (28) Garcia Medina A. ( 1 1 8)
Balashov Yuri ( 1 23) Cohn Erich (2 1 , 23) Garcia Padron ( 1 04)
Barcza Gedeon (30) Colle Edgar ( 1 60) Gausel Einar (74)
Barendregt Johan ( 1 05) Conquest Stewart (55) Gavrilovic Leonardo (75)
Barlov Dragan (67) Gelfand Boris (69, 1 56)
Bashkite Viktoria ( 1 9) Damljanovic Branko ( 1 50) Geller Efim ( 1 06)
Basman Michael ( 1 05) Davey (9 1 ) Georgiev Kiril (76)
Batakovs Olegs ( 1 56) D e Firmian Nick (74) Gerasimov ( 1 2 1 )
Bauer Christian (55) De Labourdonnais ( 1 4 1 ) Gheorghiu Florin (57)
Belov Igor ( \ 32) Defosse ( \ 30) Gipslis A ivars ( 1 59)
Beratende ( 1 40) Delchev Aleksander ( 1 9) Gligoric Svetozar (54, 7 1 , 1 1 6)
Berger Johann (35) Deletang ( 1 6) Golod Vitali (32)
Bemstein Ossip ( 1 29) Denker Amold (75) Golombek Harry ( 1 09)
Bertok Mario ( 1 67) Deschapelles Alexandre ( 1 4 1 ) Golovko ( 1 72)
Bilek Istvan (92) Deutsch ( 1 28) Gonzales Martin ( 1 04)
Bjelajac Milan ( 1 74) Dizdarevic Emir (39) Gorges ( 1 30)
Blau Max (95) Doettling Fabian (66) Greenfeld Alon ( 1 09)
Boden Samuel ( 1 27) Donchenko Anatoly (73) Gufeld Eduard ( 1 56)
Gulko Boris (59) Kristiansen Jens ( 1 1 5) Milovanovic Rade ( 1 55)
Gurevich Mikhail (66, 68) Kugenek ( 1 28) Minasian Artashes ( 1 1 5)
Kupferstich ( 1 72) Mirkovic Slobodan ( 1 9, 27, 28,
Hazai Laszlo ( 1 3 1 ) Kupreichik Victor ( 1 70) 34, 37, 39, 40, 4 1 , 46, 48, 49,
Henneberger WaIter (36) Kuraj ica Bojan (4 1 ) 50, 5 1 , 62, 63, 67, 99, 1 00, 1 05,
H0\1 Vlastimil (79) KUl1ic ( 1 3 1 ) 1 07, 1 08, 1 1 6, 1 23 , 1 4 1 , 1 5 5,
Kuznetsov ( 1 29) 1 5 7, 1 63, 1 64, 1 68)
I1escas Cordoba Miguel (77) Kuznetsov S. ( 1 56) Misojcic Miroslav (49, 1 4 1 )
I1yin Zhenevsky A. ( 1 1 7) Mokry Karel (49)
Itkis Boris (95) Laketic Gojko (39) Mukhin Mikhail ( 1 60)
Ivanchuk Vassily (68, 77) Langier Daniel ( 1 08) Murdzia Piotr (78)
Ivanisevic Ivan ( 1 65) Larsen Bent ( 1 1 5)
Ivanov Timur (8 1 ) Lasker Emanuel (29, 85, 1 1 9, Najdorf M iguel (75, 1 3 1 )
Ivanovic Sreeko (46) 121) Neikirkh Oleg ( 1 68)
Lautier Joel ( 1 8, 62, 7 5 , 80) Netz ( 1 30)
Jacobs Byron ( 1 03) Lazic Miroljub (62) Nevedniehy Vladisav (74)
Jovanovic Nevenka ( 1 1 0) Lechner Josef ( 1 9) Nikolic Predrag (79)
Lee Francis Joseph ( 1 2 1 ) Nikolov ( 1 32)
Kalinin Oleg (9 1 ) Leko Peter (5 1 ) Nimzowitsch Aaron (29, 40,
Kantsler Boris (76) Leussen Benjamin (20) 1 50)
Kapengut Albert ( 1 08) Levenfish Grigory (49, 97) Ninov Kiril (27, 1 04)
Karpov Anatoly (33, 4 1 , 60, 82, Lin Ta (94) Noa Josef ( l69)
1 3 2, 1 47, 1 49, 1 53, 1 59) Litv inov Vladimir ( 1 1 7) Novoselski Zoran (40)
Kashdan Isaae (47, 1 67) Loman R. J. ( 1 1 9) Nunn John ( 1 09)
Kasparov Gary (30, 37, 54, 56, Lorens (97)
93, 98, 99, 149, 1 5 3 , 1 56, 1 59, Lowcki Moishe Leopoldo (2 1 ) O ' Kelly de Galway Alberie
163) Loyd Samuel (23, 42) ( 1 28, 1 30)
Katalymov ( 1 1 5 ) Lubienski T. ( 1 1 9) Olafsson Fridrik (57)
Keres Paul (3 3, 1 07, 1 1 9) Lugo (97) 011 Lembit (75, 1 1 6)
Khalifman Alexander (76, 163) Lukaes Peter ( 1 50) Onischuk Aexander (7 1 )
Kholmov Ratmir ( 1 08) Opocensky Karel ( 1 05)
Kinnmark Ove (99) Mackenzie George He nry Orlov ( l 72)
Kobaidze T. (65) ( 1 27) Ortueta Esteban Mal1in ( 1 1 9)
Koberl ( 1 3 1 ) Magerramov Elmar (6 1 ) Otten H. (2 1 )
Koch Jean Rene (80) Makogonov Vladimir ( 1 1 5 ,
Koltanowski George (96) 1 1 8) Padevsky Nikola ( 1 29, 1 73 )
Komliakov Viktor ( 1 49) Maljanovic Slavoljub (36) Panov Vas ily ( 1 1 8, 1 20, 1 69)
Konstantinopolsky A. (45) Marshall Frank (30) Panteleev Dimitur ( 1 07)
Koprivica Ceda ( 108) Martens ( 1 03) Paoli Enrico (99)
Kornev Alexei (60) Martinez Gustavo ( 1 30) Pastor Manuel Rivas ( 1 4 1 )
Kortschnoi Victor ( 1 43, 1 82) Masculo Jose S. ( 1 0) Pedzich Dominik ( 1 4 1 )
Kosek (43) Mason James ( 1 27) Penrose Jonathan (95)
Kosic Dragan ( 1 55) Mastrovasilis Athanasios (80) Perez N. ( 1 3 3)
Kosten Anthony (22) Matanovie Aleksandar (64) Petronic Jovan (75)
Kostic Milutin ( 1 05) Matulovic Milan (92, 1 03) Petrosian Arshak B. ( 1 3 1 )
Kotov Alexander (39, 95, 1 04, Mecking Henrique ( 107) Petrosian Tigran (64, 1 1 6, 1 52,
105, 1 28, 1 29, 167) Mednis Edmar (28) 167)
Kovalenko (9 1 ) M ieses Jaeques ( 1 20) Petrov Alehander ( 1 72)
Kramnik Vladimir (37, 5 8 , 75, Mikenas Vladas ( 1 17) Philidor Francois Andre ( 1 5)
122) Mikhalehishin Adrian (9 1 , 1 24) Piket Jeroen (76)
Kristanov ( 1 32) Miles Anthony ( 1 8, 1 20) Planinee Albin (86)
1 76
Podvrsnik Marko ( 1 9) Selezniev Alehex (22) Torre Repetto Carlos ( 1 32)
Pokojowczyk Jerzy (78, 1 74) Serper G. (93) Torres Antonio ( 1 27)
Polgar Judit (98) Shamkovich Leonid ( 1 20) Toth Aleksandar ( 1 68)
Polugaevsky Lev ( 1 1 7) Shereshevsky Mikhail (56) Toth Jozsef ( 1 2 1 )
Ponomariov Ruslan (59, 1 1 7) Shirov Alexei (20, 7 1 , 94, 99) Tregubov Pavel (60, 79)
Popovic Petar (95) Short Nigel D. ( 1 3 8) Treybal Karel ( 1 46)
Porat Yosef ( 1 73) Simagin Vladimir (30) Tringov Georgi ( 1 1 8)
Portisch Lajos (77) Skembris Spyridon (80, 1 07)
Prokop Frantisek (78) Skrobek Ryzsard (9 1 ) hqo Uhlmann Wolfgang (7 1 , 74,
Smederevac Petar ( 1 1 8) 1 1 8)
Radjabov Teimour (59) Smirin Ilia ( 1 7) Ulibin Mikhail (93)
Radulov Ivan ( 1 74) Smyslov Vassily (33, 1 1 6, 1 2 1 , Unzicker Wolfgang (76, 95,
Raicevic Momcilo (34) 1 52, 1 59, 1 63 , 1 73) 1 47)
Rajher ( 1 68) Socko Monika ( 1 3)
Rajkovic Dulian (36) Sokolov Andrei (38) Vaganian Rafael (53, 86)
Rauzer Vsevolod (49, 97, 1 1 7) Sokolov Ivan ( 1 22) Vaisser Anatoli (65, 1 03)
Razuvaev Yur i ( 1 22) Sorin Ariel (8 1 ) Van Wely Loek (38, 1 6 1 )
Rechlis Gad ( 1 20) Sosonko Gennadi (60) Vasic Milena ( 1 3)
Reti Richard (22, 23, 1 59) Spassky Boris (28, 47, 72, 1 06, Vasiukov Evgeni ( 1 03)
Ribl i Zoltan (33) 146) Velikov Petar (94)
Rogozenko Dorian (74) Spiers (9 1 ) Vigfusson Vigfus (1 05)
Roza Jozef (63) Stamatovic Aleksandar (99) Visier Segovia F ernando ( 1 20)
Rodriguez E. G. ( 1 4 1 ) Stefanov ( 1 73) Vogt Lothar (78, 1 59)
Roma nishin Oleg ( 3 2 , 1 06, Steinberg Mikhail (73) Vuckovic Bojan ( 1 6)
1 5 9) Steinitz Will iam ( 1 33) Vukovic Vladimir ( 1 28, 1 42)
Romanovsky Peter ( 1 28) Stoica Valentin (34, 1 68)
Rotstein ( 1 1 5) Stoltz Goesta (47, 1 29) Walther Edgar (38)
Rubinste in Akiba (57, 1 07 , Stoltze (97) Waluud ( 1 03)
1 1 2, 1 5 9) Sunye Neto Jaime (42) Westerinen Heikki ( 1 74)
Rublevsky Sergei (62) Sveshnikov Evgeni ( 1 70) Wijesuriya (98)
Sulava Nenad (48) Winawer Szymon ( 1 3 3)
Sabjanov Rifat ( 1 23) Szabo Laszlo (36, 97) Winter William ( 1 45)
Sadvakasov Darmen (58, 7 1 ) Szilagyi Peter ( 1 03) Wirthensohn Hinz (79, 94)
Saidy Anthony (52)
Sajtar Jaroslav (97) Taimanov Mark (28, 45, 48, 74, Xie Jun ( 1 56)
Sakharov Yuri ( 1 1 5) 103, 1 1 6, 1 20) Xu Jun (68, 1 43)
Sakaev Konstantin (42, 1 08) Tal Mihail (65, 1 5 2)
Salvioli Carlo (35) Tarrasch Siegbert (40, 57, 1 69) Yates Frederick (5 1 )
Sampson M. ( 1 0) Tatai Stefano ( 1 32) Yudovich Mikhail ( 1 04)
Santa Cruz Hugo ( 1 1 8) Teichmann Richard ( 1 40) Yuferov Sergey (56)
Sanz Aguado Jose ( 1 1 9) Tepl itsky Van ( 1 6)
Sarenac Ivan ( 1 68) Thong T. H. ( 1 49) Zahodiakin (44)
Savic Marijana ( 1 9) Tibensky Robert ( 1 40) Zaichik Gennadi (40)
Savon Vladimir ( 1 I 7, 1 60) Timman Jan (2 1 , 32, 56, 13 8) Zajd ( 1 I 0)
Schmid Lothar ( 108) Tipa1}' ( 1 3 1 ) Zanobini A ( 1 1 0)
Schmidt Wlodzimielz (30) Tirkajla Boris ( 1 64) Zapata Alonso (34, 82)
Schreifert ( 1 30) Tolus Alexander ( 1 73 ) Zimmelman Yuri ( 1 32)
Schulder ( 1 27) Tomic Slobodan (50) Zivkovic Ljubomir ( 1 1 6)
Sedlak Nikola ( 1 65) Tomorhuyag Nyamaa (93) Zivkovic Vel ibor ( 1 00)
Seirawan Yasser ( 1 0, 69) Topalov Veselin ( 1 6 1 , 1 22) Zubarev Nikolay (52, 96)
Sekulic Dusan ( 1 63) Toran Albero Roman ( 1 28) Zuckerman Bemard ( 1 22)
1 77
CONTENTS
In lieu of a foreword 3 Pair of bishops against

About the author 5 the pair of bishops 74
Two knights against two knights 78
PARTO NE
(Endings of Minor pieces) PART TWO
(Miraculous world of combinations)
How to play endings 9
Endings of Minor pieces 10 Theory o f combinations
Mate with pair of bishops 11 brief summary 85
Mate with knight and bishop 14 Combinations with sacrifice:
Two knights 17 - a knight and pawn 89
A knight against a pawn 18 - Ibishop and pawn 101
Bishop against a pawn 20 - rook and pawn 1 13
Knight and a pawn against knight 23 - queen and pawn 1 25
Bishop and pawn against bishop 24
Basic a draw positions 26 PART THREE
A knight and the pawns against (Strategic motives)
a knight and pawns 27
Bishop and the pawns against Strategic motives 137
the bishop and the pawn 31 King attacks 138
Bishops of opposite color 35 Alekhine's battery 143
Bishop against knight and pawn 42 Spassky's cover 1 47
Bishop and pawn against knight 43 Petrosian's quality sacrifice 1 50
Bishop and pawns against Kasparov's quality sacrifice 1 53
knight and pawns 45 Reti's battery 1 57
Pair of bishops against Diagonal weakness 161
a knight and a bishop 54 Bishop in the isolation 165
Pair of bishops against Rook in the isolation 1 70
two knights 70 Index of names 1 75
Contents 1 78

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Author

IM Slobodan Mirkovic, FID E trainer

No. of copies - 1 000

H erc eg N ovi, September 2006

(This edition is published in honor of European Youth Championship

Black moves - Win

Strongcrside muuplaymon: carefully and

I n the following example kings arc ill the

1 .4116 �e8 Black tries toeseapc Qvcr square

b7 2.�! �d8 In case that black trie.s to

a mate] �c84 . .tf6 �bS 5.�b6 �c86 ..iJ5

�b8 7��c5 �a8 8 . .104 a: mate 3 .1f6 �t8

4.15 WbS 5.<itlb6! $88 6.,te6! important

White muves mate.

�dS 6.WfS the position with centralized

Ostrava (zt), 1 999

In this position on the diagram it is necessary

' O.�h2 �fl ! key square is occupied

t .1.d4 Wdl l.�b3 �dt 3.1.e3 �d 4.1.el

Oropesa del Mar, 1 998

White moves - Win

best bishops ' position, opponent's king can't

1 . �fS 2.�e3 J.c4 3.�t3 J.d4 4.�g2 �g4

Mate with knight and bishop

Mate with kn ight and bi shop presents

White moves - Win

1 .�b6! king occupies the key square

because black exits from a mate net and

4 <;!;lb8 S.lba6 �aS 6.i.c6 a mate.

F. A. Philidor There are three kinds of the stalemate

White moves - Win

t.Ah7 black king is repressing in desired Black moves

2 ... <;!;ldS black king wants to escape over

6.i.g6 6 �dS 7.i.f7 similar position as at

the beginning appeared after 1 .i.h7, but two

<;!;l dS 9.llJ h7 �cS lO.W c6 W bS l l .W b6 �eS

maneuver, there i s no recovery after that. Black moves

Del etang, 1 923 B l ack king is trapped into the mi ddle

tempo move 1l � h40n 1 l . . . �g2 IVDg5

�g3 1 3 . lDe4 1 l.� f4 �h3 1 3.lDgS Wgl

White moves - Win

In the position on the diagram Black king is

Black moves - Win

1 <it' d7 1.<it' bS lll cS 3.<it' aS <it' c6 4.<it' bS

lDe6 S.�a7 lDc7 6.<it' bS Ab6 7.<it' c8 Aa7

1 3 ... lbdS l 3 . . . lbf5! l4.�f8 J.d4 l S .�e8 1 6 . . . lb dl and W hite r e s i g n s , l 7 . � c3

Two k ni ghts don ' t have pos s i b i l i ty to

Black moves - Win

1 ... 'C1tg6 1. � t3 �fS 3.�g3 J.e3 4.�t3 J.f4

The side which has a knight can win in

A. Del chev - M . Podvrsnik J. Leehner - S. M irkovie

Ljubljana, 1 998 Pula, 1 982

White moves - Win Black moves - a draw

M. Savie - V. Bashkite V. Chekh over, 1 955

White moves - a draw

Black moves - a draw As a rule two pawns against a knight provide

Y. Averbakh, 1 954 8.g6 � g3 9.h7 �h8 lo.n and White wins.

Bishop against pawn

Black central pawn is stronger then white e