Lecture34 PDF
Lecture34 PDF
Lecture34 PDF
Design of embankments
on soft soil using
geosynthetics
Prof. G L Sivakumar Babu
Department of Civil Engineering
Indian Institute of Science
Bangalore 560012
Email: [email protected]
• INTRODUCTION
• MODES OF FAILURE
• STABILITY CONDITION
• DESIGN EXAMPLE
Introduction
Soft soils are characterized by poor shear strength,
high compressibility and low permeability.
The reinforcement /confinement effect from
geotextiles/ geogrids/ geocells is useful. It
Tr
Tr
Horizontal
Reinforcement
movement of fill,
driven by active
wedge
Tr
Tr
Geosynthetic
•Vertical loading
K ad 2q
n 1
α ds tan φ d γH
•Direct sliding failure in the fill
•(internal stability)
•Overall Stability
•Needs to be considered in terms of
K ad 2q
n γH 1
S ud H γH
•Slippage across the foundation
•Stability in the foundation
•Vertical embankment loading causes an increase in
the vertical stress in the foundation soil and a
corresponding increase in the horizontal stress.
The lateral stress developed eventually causes the
foundation soil to get displaced laterally beneath
the embankment side slope.
•Consider a zone of soft clay beneath the
embankment side slope.
•Vertical stress v = H acts uniformly and that the
principal axis of stress on either side of the block
oabc are horizontal and vertical. The soil block oabc
experiences a net horizontal stress (v-2Sud) on ab
and 2Sud on oc.
Stability of the foundation
•For the case, where there are no outward or inward
shear stresses acting on the tip of soil block (oa) = 0.
γD 4D 4D
n or H
S ud H γD
n
S ud
•Deformation in the foundation
4D
•1. Embankment height H
γ
D
Sud 1 α n
Su nH
FS 4 1 α
γH D
•3. Lateral deflection at the ground surface
S ud D
δh (1 α)
2G
•4. Maximum reinforcement to provide the stability is
2 αnD K ad
PR γH
4D 1 α nH 2
1 sin φ d
•where K ad
1 sin φ d
•5. In the case of unreinforced embankment,
S u 8D 2nH
FS
γH 2D K ad H
Example Problem
•For = 0, n = 3.38
• = 0.5, n = 2.25
• = 1.0, n = 1.69
•Step 2: •Unreinforced case FS
15 8 4 2n 4.5
FS
20 4.5 2 4 0.294 4.5
•For n FS
• 1.69 0.84
• 2.25 0.94 < 1.3
• 3.38 1.12
•Step 3: •The reinforcement force is given by
2 αnD K ad
PR γH
4D 1 α nH 2