Geotextile Membranes 2016 PDF
Geotextile Membranes 2016 PDF
Geotextile Membranes 2016 PDF
membranes
part of ecogrid ltd
what are geotextile
membranes?
Primarily, there are two main types of geotextile: permeable and impermeable. Permeable, or porous,
geotextile fabrics will allow water to pass through and drain into the ground naturally. Impermeable
geomembrane is designed to prevent water passing through.
Permeable membranes can be split into two categories again: woven and non-woven (or fibre). These
are more commonly used in the landscaping and construction industries than impermeable. Woven
geotextile is ideal for stabilisation and reinforcement within the ground, whilst non-woven provides
unparalleled separation and filtration properties. Both types of fabric are highly versatile and can be
used in unison for highly effective results.
Impermeable geomembranes, as logic would dictate, are used in applications where water needs to
be blocked from travelling through certain areas, or contained in a specific location. This can range
from damp-proofing of walls to storm water attenuation tanks.
non-woven fabric
Probably the most popular form of permeable geotextile membrane, generally thanks to the high
performance to cost ratio it offers. As aforementioned, non-woven is best suited for separation and
filtration, but there are very few applications where it cannot be utilised. EcoGrid Ltd offer a wide
range of strengths and thicknesses available from stock, meaning your solution is always on hand.
Non-Woven geotextile membranes are used to provide porous separation between different layers
in the ground, such as surface to sub-base or sub-base to sub-grade. They also, typically, offer great
filtration properties to allow water to drain naturally into the ground, as opposed to pouring into
drains and gutters which can potentially overflow and impact flooding. Thicker non-woven fabrics are
used as protection for impermeable geomembranes in attenuation tanks or damp-proofing areas.
woven geotextile
The other half of permeable geotextile membranes, woven products are designed to offer reliable
ground stabilisation and weed prevention capabilities. Longevity is key for products providing ground
reinforcement in either domestic or commercial applications, which is achieved by EcoGrid Ltd. All
products offered are CE certified and rigorously tested.
Woven geotextile membranes boast high tensile strengths compared to non-woven, meaning their
mechanical strength is considerably more impressive. This makes them ideal for road construction
and plant applications, where resilience and durability are of utmost importance.
Often described as having a “crosshatch” type style, woven membranes are manufactured by the
interlacing of two or more sets of yarn, fibre, filaments or similar.
i
the
core
range
eg80 non-woven
The most recent addition to EcoGrid Ltd’s range of
geotextile fabrics, EG80 is a lightweight non-woven
membrane suitable for a wide variety of applications.
This product has been approved by EcoGrid Ltd for use
with their world leading porous paving system. It can be
used in domestic patios and driveways or heavily trafficked
areas thanks to the highly effective grid and geotextile
combination.
technical applications
tensile strength (MD) 6kn/m private driveways
tensile strength (CMD) 6kn/m walking and cycle paths
tensile Elongation (MD) 40% patios
tensile Elongation (cMD) 40% french drains
cbr puncture resistance 1000N resin bound stone
cone drop 40mm artificial turf
characteristic opening 155µm
size suitable for heavier duty uses
permeability 130x10-3m/s such as car parks when used with
waterflow normal to 120l/m2/s the ecogrid porous paving ground
the plane
reinforcement system.
waterflow in the plane 1x10-7m2/s
20kpa
thickness under 2kpa 0.8mm eg80 is the preferred geotextile
weight 80g/m2 of ecogrid ltd for general
roll length 100m landscaping projects.
roll width 4.5m
The competitive nature of the geotextile market in the UK is as strong as ever, with many new
products being manufactured and marketed in an attempt to reach the top of the food chain. The
105gsm NW8 has enjoyed great success for many years, due mostly to its scale of use alongside
competitive cost.
technical applications
tensile strength (MD) 8.5kn/m private driveways
tensile strength (CMD) 8.5kn/m impermeable protection layer
tensile Elongation (MD) 40% road construction
tensile Elongation (cMD) 45% french drains
cbr puncture resistance 1500N entry level riding arenas
cone drop 32mm soakaways
characteristic opening 125µm
size ecogrid ltd offer a unique cutting
permeability 110x10-3m/s service to all clients so that no
waterflow normal to 110l/m2/s material goes to waste and end
the plane
users receive exact requirements.
waterflow in the plane 5x10-6m2/s
20kpa
thickness under 2kpa 1.05mm nw8 is an equivalent product to
weight 105g/m2 multitrack 1000, geotec 1000 and
roll length 100m is superior to terram 1000.
roll width 4.5, 2.25
or 1.125m
technical applications
tensile strength (MD) 16kn/m driveways & patios
tensile strength (CMD) 13kn/m weed prevention
tensile Elongation (MD) 17% road construction
tensile Elongation (cMD) 14% car parks
cbr puncture resistance 1800N entry level riding arenas
cone drop 18mm erosion control
characteristic opening 300µm
size ecogrid ltd offer a unique cutting
waterflow normal to 15l/m2/s service to all clients so that no
the plane
material goes to waste and end
thickness under 2kpa 0.47mm
users receive exact requirements.
weight 80g/m2
roll length 100m
roll width 4.5, 2.25 g90 is an equivalent product to
or 1.125m fastrack sg 609, rhyno geotextile
and terram 1000.
heavy
range
non-woven heavy duty
EcoGrid Ltd offer a great variation of non-woven fabrics.
This is to ensure differing project specifications can be
met with ease, since the thickness and weight required of
a geotextile membrane is typically determined by the top
surface loading, the strength of impact on the material
and the surrounding build-up.
The next few pages display specifications for our most commonly recommend heavy duty (HD), non-
woven fabrics. The types of scenarios these materials are often utilised in can be found below.
EcoGrid Ltd offer a bespoke manufacturing service to ensure site requirements are satisfied. Swift
production times are offered to ensure project deadlines are abided by. Both roll widths and lengths
can be determined by the client. Minimum order quantities may apply for these services.
applications
car parks commercial soakaways
road construction attenuation tanks
riding arenas sports pitches / fields
horse paddocks industrial projects
erosion control specialist weed prevention
impermeable geo protection root protection
nw13 specification
tensile strength (MD) 13kn/m waterflow normal to 100l/m2/s
tensile strength (CMD) 13kn/m the plane
tensile Elongation (MD) 45% waterflow in the plane 3x10-7m2/s
20kpa
tensile Elongation (cMD) 55%
thickness under 2kpa 1.4mm
cbr puncture resistance 2200N
weight 160g/m2
cone drop 21.5mm
roll length 100m
characteristic opening 100µm
size roll width 5.25m
nw16 specification
tensile strength (MD) 16kn/m waterflow normal to 85l/m2/s
tensile strength (CMD) 16kn/m the plane
tensile Elongation (MD) 45% waterflow in the plane 1x10-6m2/s
20kpa
tensile Elongation (cMD) 50%
thickness under 2kpa 1.55mm
cbr puncture resistance 2400N
weight 200g/m2
cone drop 19mm
roll length 100m
characteristic opening 85µm
size roll width 5.25m
nw20 specification
tensile strength (MD) 20kn/m waterflow normal to 65l/m2/s
tensile strength (CMD) 20kn/m the plane
tensile Elongation (MD) 50% waterflow in the plane 3.5x10-6m2/s
20kpa
tensile Elongation (cMD) 55%
thickness under 2kpa 1.7mm
cbr puncture resistance 3100N
weight 235g/m2
cone drop 16mm
roll length 100m
characteristic opening 70µm
size roll width 5.25m
Snw80 specification
tensile strength (MD) 46kn/m waterflow normal to 40l/m2/s
tensile strength (CMD) 46kn/m the plane
tensile Elongation (MD) 65% waterflow in the plane 8.5x10-6m2/s
20kpa
tensile Elongation (cMD) 65%
thickness under 2kpa 4.4mm
cbr puncture resistance 8000N
weight 650g/m2
cone drop 4mm
roll length 50m
characteristic opening 70µm
size roll width 5.25m
These five products are EcoGrid Ltd’s most commonly specified heavy duty non-woven fabrics; with a
range of 80-520gsm for the standard, thermally bonded non-woven; accompanied by a range of 120-
1200gsm for the superior, needle-punched geotextiles.
If unsure as to which grade your project requires, or need a bespoke membrane, do not worry!
EcoGrid Ltd have the expertise and product availability to assist with specification, sale and supply.
40/40 specification
tensile strength (MD) 40kn/m waterflow normal to 16l/m2/s
tensile strength (CMD) 40kn/m the plane
tensile Elongation (MD) 18% thickness under 2kpa 0.7mm
tensile Elongation (cMD) 7% weight 174g/m2
cbr puncture resistance 4500N roll length 100m
cone drop 11mm roll width 5.25m
characteristic opening 164µm
size
80/80 specification
tensile strength (MD) 82kn/m waterflow normal to 18l/m2/s
tensile strength (CMD) 86kn/m the plane
tensile Elongation (MD) 14% thickness under 2kpa 1.35mm
tensile Elongation (cMD) 8% weight 300g/m2
cbr puncture resistance 9500N roll length 100m
cone drop 9mm roll width 5.25m
characteristic opening 300µm
size
range
ecoflex udg
EcoFlex UDG (Urban Drainage Geomembrane) is a non-
permeable, or impervious, membrane designed to prevent
water from flowing through the sub-grade, helping to
maintain the ground structure. Instead, it directs the flow
of water or contains it within a specific area. To do this, all
joints must be welded or taped, thereby ensuring the
entire installation remains waterproof.
EcoFlex is manufactured from high performance polymers in the UK, where every major development
is examined for risk of flooding. EcoFlex, and other SuDS (Sustainable Drainage Systems), have a great
impact on this by attempting to manage all drainage at the source and direct it into appropriate
watercourses. Thanks to the CfSH (Code for Sustainable Homes), using EcoGrid Ltd’s EcoFlex improves
developers’ sustainable rating, when used in conjunction with an underground stormwater system.
technical applications
tensile strength 20/21n/mm2 attenuation tanks
elongation at break 790/880% pond lining
resistance to impact 250mm reservoirs
nail tear 340/350n landfill sites
thickness 500mu damp proofing
puncture resistance 135n mining operations
weight 460g/m2 animal farms
roll length 12.5m power plants
roll width 4m agriculture
aquaculture
The vast majority of non-woven geotextiles in the UK are white or grey, making it distinctive from the
black woven alternative. However, in some scenarios, white membrane does not provide a practical
solution. This can be due to a variety of reasons, such as white standing out too much compared to
dark surrounding colours, or black being more effective for suppressing weeds as it blocks out light
more effectively. Combining the two ensures no sacrifices in performance.
High grade black non-woven fabrics, such as 300 or 650gsm, have been tested and utilised alongside
polymer products to aid with pollution prevention. To achieve this, polymer captures and solidifies
hydrocarbons between the layers of specialist geotextile membrane, which provide durability for an
even spread of the organic hydrogen and carbon compounds.
EcoGrid Ltd have the facilities to produce any geotextile membrane to meet requirements. This can
include specific weights, colours and roll sizes. One example that has become a regular order would
be 250gsm black 2m x 100m, generally used as a heavy duty underlay to protect the vital pond liner
and ensure it continues to hold water within. This product is made especially for EcoGrid’s resellers
who take the product into stock and distribute themselves.
Thanks to hi-tech engineering, EcoGrid Ltd can manufacture to almost any roll width required.
Geotextiles produced on request can be needle-punched or thermally bonded as per the client
requirements. EcoGrid Ltd can also assist with the design and specification of said membrane to
ensure suitability and effectiveness for the project.
EcoGrid Ltd also offer high-visibility geotextiles in other colours, produced on request. Non-woven
geotextile membranes are also available for situations where filtration and/or separation is a primary
concern over stabilisation. These are available either thermally bonded or needle-punched to match
the variety of heavy duty grades found within EcoGrid’s regular range of geotextiles. This ensures all
types of project are catered for, no matter the type of pollution present.
technical applications
tensile strength (MD) 12kn/m contaminated ground
tensile strength (CMD) 12kn/m warning layers
tensile Elongation (MD) 22% civil engineering
tensile Elongation (cMD) 18% potential hazards
cbr puncture resistance 1800N reclaimed land
cone drop 14mm
pore size 90% finer than 200µm please be aware that certain
permeability 18x10-3m/s types of contamination can
roll length 100m require specific membranes.
roll width 4.5m
Inbitex is a renowned, vibrant green geotextile membrane. EcoGrid Ltd stock and offer this product
along with a direct equivalent, EcoGrid’s SP Membrane. Both of these products are designed for the
same function and boast almost identical properties.
EcoGrid Ltd offer three main types of Securagrid for various types of
application: 20/20, 30/30 and 40/40. This refers to the tensile strength
of the product, ranging from pedestrian areas to airport runways.
CombiGrid is an ideal solution for areas of low strength sub-soil (approximately under 3% CBR). This
is because the sub-base thickness is significantly reduced due to the reduction in layers, eliminating
any need to replace weak soil, therefore benefitting labour, resources, time and expenses.
EcoCell is a honeycomb, permeable platform primarily designed for tree root protection and safe-
guarding of heavily vegetated areas, although it can also be used in trafficked environments. For best
results it’s recommend for infill with clean, angular gravel. EcoGrid Ltd’s EcoCell is available in 100 and
200mm depths, supplied in 31sqm sections. The HDPE system is simply stretched out and pinned in
place with galvanised steel J-pins and accompanied by a non-woven geotextile membrane such as
NW8 or EG80.
The cellular walls reduce the amount of vertical pressure against the tree roots, keeping them safe
from harm. Further root disruption is avoided since EcoCell requires very little excavation, with only
the surface vegetation requiring removal. Reducing the need for digging and sub-base thickness can
save users up to 50% on infill materials.
equine
range
base layer
In almost all equestrian arenas that EcoGrid Ltd have supplied over several years, G90 has been
the specified base layer geotextile. High tensile strength coupled with a large pore opening size
make woven fabrics ideal for this application. Since this layer is below the aggregate/stone, and
therefore never comes into direct contact or any general stress from horse riding, there is no
requirement for a heavy duty woven geotextile.
One of the key aspects of a flawless riding arena is the drainage, often affected by the porosity of the
ground. The base of the drainage is usually formed by perforated land drain or linear drains. These
guide the flow and ensure water is dispersed via the correct channels. Perhaps the most common of
layouts for this is the herringbone pattern as shown below.
a
Note: the drainage channels/tubes can be wrapped in a non-woven geotextile so that clay and silt
don’t cause blocking.
herringbone pattern
perimeter drain
spurs
central spine
When incorporating the herringbone, it is recommended to use 100-150mm collection pipe as the
central spine, along with 75-100mm perforated drain to create spurs at 45o degree angles, ideally
five metres apart. Please note different pipe types may be required for varying arena sizes.
Entry Level is for privately used arenas where horses and riders alike enjoy a leisurely time with
nothing too laboursome taking place. This includes NW8 100gsm.
Prestige packages vary in weight, typically incorporating NW16 200gsm, SNW40 300gsm or SNW80
650gsm, depending on the exact usage. EcoGrid Ltd advise these for a range of arenas, from highly
intense domestic to light and heavy grade commercal, or even regular competitions.
Premium packages revolve around the world leader of porous paving, EcoGrid. This removes the
need for a woven geotextile base layer, as EcoGrid offers unparalleled drainage and reinforcement
qualities. EcoGrid can also be used for horse walkers, paddocks, wash-down areas and similar.
Take note that the horses should never come into direct contact with the geotextile membrane.
The equine industry offers many different methods for joining arena geotextiles together, such as
glue, heat guns or stitching. However, through extensive market research, EcoGrid Ltd find that these
solutions are only applicable with very specific products (e.g. different geotextiles require different
types of heat gun), or they simply aren’t cost effective. That is why a tape and overlap approach is
generally preferred. Typical overlaps are 0.33-0.5m.
EcoGrid Ltd’s Single-Sided Cloth Tape is a cost effective and highly popular
method of joining overlaps; whether it’s a simple garden installation or a
complete equestrian riding arena.
Take note that certain geotextile fabrics and geomembranes require their
own specialist fixing methods. Please contact EcoGrid Ltd if you you would like
further advice.
ground fixings
EcoGrid Ltd’s 150mm barbed plastic pegs have been tested against
competitor’s products and were proven to have greater holding
power in ground, even compared to pegs up to 50% longer. The
barbed design improves grip and durability.
300mm long x 5mm thick, EcoGrid Ltd’s J-Pins are robust and reliable. They can be used with porous
paving, geogrids or heavy duty geotextile membranes; ideal for slopes,
embankments, or areas with steep gradients.
Both the plastic pegs and galvanised steel pins are sold in packs of 100.
EcoGrid Ltd also offering fixing methods such as U-Pins; get in touch for
details.
Details of these ranges can be obtained via an extensive network of resellers and installers, or contact
EcoGrid Ltd directly:
Crystal House, Units 28-29 Wheatland Business Park, Wheatland Lane, Wallasey, CH44 7ER
ecogrid.co.uk
geotextilemembranes.co.uk
recessedmanholecovers.co.uk