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38 SCIENCE. [N. S. VOL. XII. No. 288.

largely a matter of air drainage, and every Milne-Edwards, has been filled by the appoint-
owner is urged to make a detailed study of the ment of Professor Edmund Perrier.
movement of local air currents in his own dis- DR. ALFRED GOLDSBOROUGHMAYER, assis-
trict. Various methods of protection are briefly tant of Mr. Alexander Agassiz, and in charge of
described, including those based on mixing the Radiates at the Museum of Comparative Zo-
air; warming the air; cloud or fog formation; ology, Cambridge, has been appointed curator
irrigation; spraying, and screening. A ' warm of the Department of Natural Science in the
water method,' adopted by Mr. E. A. Mea- Museum of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and
cham, of Riverside, Cal., by which water, after Sciences. He will assume his new position in
being heated in a small boiler, is allowed to run September.
in furrows through the orchard, is stated to
SIR GEORGE F. HAMPSON, Bart., who ac-
have been successfully tried. The Bulletin con-
tains a weather map showing the pressure and cepted an invitation to become an assistant in
the Insect-room of the British Museum five
temperature conditions which are followed by
years ago, has just been promoted to the post
heavy or killing frosts within 12 hours in south-
of first-class assistant, under a treasury regu-
ern California, and also gives plates illustrating
lation to which we have recently referred. He
the different methods of protection.
is the only assistant in the Natural History sec-
R. DEC. WARD.
tion of the museum to whom the benefits of this
HARVARDUNIVERSITY.
regulation have as yet been extended. But
since there are many of his colleagues, men of
SCIENTIFICNOTES AND NOTES. equal reputation, who have served in the
HARVARD UNIVERSITY has conferred its second class for twice, if not thrice, as long, it
LL.D. of Dr. W. H. Welch, professor of pathol- is anticipated that this good example will soon
ogy in the Johns Hopkins University. be followed. It is pleasing to find that after
THE University of Cracow has conferred an all, the Trustees of the British Museum are
able to recognize exceptional merit, when they
honorary degree on Professor Simon Newcomb,
U. SFA., on the occasion of the celebration of its have special facilities for becoming personally
five hundredth anniversary. acquainted with it.
THE Geological Society of London has elected
THE Paris Academy of Sciences has elected
Professor L. Boltzmann a corresponding mem- Professor Paul Groth, of the University of
ber in the place of the late Professor Beltrami. Munich, a foreign member, and Professor A.
Issel, of Genoa, a corresponding member.
WE regret that we are unable to secure or to
find in any of our exchanges any account of the THE Society of Arts has awarded its Albert
third biennial conference on an International medal for the present year to Mr. Henry Wilde,
Catalogue of Scientific Literature beyond the F.R.S.
fact that the delegates had a dinner. THE third of the biennial Huxley Lectures,
BY the action of the Massachusetts Senate founded in commemoration of the late Professor
on June 28th there will be no appropriation Huxley in connection with the Charing Cross
this year for the destruction of the gypsy moth. Medical School, will be delivered by Lord Lister,
IT is proposed to celebrate the 70th birthday President of the Royal Society, on Tuesday,
of Professor Wilhelm Wundt, which will occur October 2d.
on the 16th of August, 1902, by the publication LORD AVEBURY has been elected president of
a Festschrift, to which his former students are the Royal Statistical Society. The Society an-
invited to contribute. The manuscripts must nounces as the subject for its Howard medal
be forwarded to Professor Kiilpe, Wiirzburg, ' The history and statistics of tropical diseases
not later than January 1, 1902. with special reference to the bubonic plague.'
TEHEdirectorship of the Paris Natural His- WE regret to record the death of Dr. Willy
tory Museum, vacant by the death of Professor Kiihne, professor of physiology and director of
JULY 6, 1900.] SCIENCE. 39
the Physiological Institute of the University of The highest point was reached with 41 miles of
Heidelberg, at the age of 62 years; of Dr. Rein- music wire as a flying line, supported by 5
hold Hoppe, docent in mathematics in the Uni- kites attached to the line at intervals of about
versity of Berlin, aged 84 years, and of M. three-fourths of a mile. The kites were Har-
Bontain the French physicist. grave or box kites of the improved form de-
IT is proposed to erect a monument in Simons- vised at the Observatory. They have curved
town in memory of the late Miss Mary Kings- flying surfaces modeled after the wings of a
ley, the African explorer and botanist, who bird. The three kites nearest the top of the
died of fever while engaged in nursing the line had an area of between 60 and 70 square
Boer prisoners. feet each, and the 2 others about 25 feet each.
THE United States Civil Service Commission The total weight lifted into the air, including
announces that on July 24, 1900, an examina- wire, instruments and kites, was about 130
tion will be held for the position of assistant pounds. This flight was one of a series being
carried on by Messrs. Clayton, Ferguson and
ethnologist in the Smithsonian Institution at a
Sweetland. On June 18th the kites reached a
salary of $50 a month. The examination will
be chiefly on Indian languages and especially height of 11,500 feet. They were sent up a
on Siouxan languages. second time the same evening and remained
ON August 14th, there will be an examination throughout the night at a height of nearly 10,-
000 feet. At this height the temperature re-
for the position of assistant, Division of Ento-
mained from 5 to 10 degrees below freezing.
mology, Department of Agriculture, at a salary
of $840 per annum. The examination will be THE Philadelphia Medical Journal reports that
on entomotaxy and especially on the orthop- the plague is increasing in Australasia. Many
tera. cases are reported in Victoria, which probably
started in the slums of Melbourne. In the city
A MEETING of the Anatomical Society of Great
of Sydney, 239 cases have been reported, with
Britain and Ireland was held at Owens College
82 deaths. The extension of the plague to
Manchester on June 21st and 22d.
Sydney has caused much disturbance to busi-
IT is stated that there has been a meeting of ness. The number of cases is rapidly increas-
cardinals and other ecclesiastical dignitaries at
ing, in spite of the efforts at destruction of rats
the Vatican to discuss the expediency of taking and disinfection. The government distributes
an active part in the movement for the preven- free to all householders a special rat-poison and
tion of tuberculosis. sends men to remove dead rats. About 8000
AT the Blue Hill Observatory on June 19th a persons have been inoculated with Haffkine's
kite used in the exploration of the air was sent prophylactic. A few days later two or three of
to the height of 14,000 feet, which exceeds the those inoculated were attacked by the disease.
greatest height previously obtained there by Dr. Tidswell, the bacteriologist of the New
1440 feet. The temperature at this height was South Wales Health Department, is said to
15 degrees below the freezing point, the wind have found plague-bacilli in the alimentary
velocity was about 25 miles an hour from the canal of fleas taken from plague-infected rats.
northeast, and the air was extremely dry, al- The British Medical Journal reports 100 deaths
though clouds floated above and below that daily in Calcutta, and the total mortality is
level. The kites remained near the highest double that number. The local government
point from 5 to 8 p. m. They were then reeled interferes as little as p6ssible with the domestic
in rapidly by a small engine. On the way affairs of the people. No pressure is used to
downthey passed through a stratum of thin send cases to the hospitals and many remain
ragged clouds at the height of 1? miles. These untenanted. This system has one advantage-
were moving with a velocity of about 30 miles that it does not cause a panic and consequent
an hour. At this time the wind at the obser- flight of a large portion of the inhabitants,
vatory, about 600 feet above the general level of which would result in spreading the disease
the surrounding country, had fallen to a calm. over the province. On the other hand, no de-
40 SCIENCE. [N. S. VOL.XII. NO. 288.

crease of the disease in the city can be expected THE United States transport McPherson,
to follow such measures, and it is not surpris- having on board 231 of the Cuban teachers who
ing that the usual annual increase is greater this will attend the summer school at Harvard
year. University, arrived in Boston harbor on June
30th.
UNIVERSITYAND ED UCATIONALNEWS.
THE total amount of the bi-centennial fund of PROFESSOR CHARLESL. EDWARDS,recently
Yale University is now $1,090,000. This sum of the University of Cincinnati, was elected on
includes $490,000 subscribed or pledged uncon- June 26th to the professorship of natural history,
in Trinity College, Hartford. The new Hall
ditionally to the general building fund; $250,-
000 pledged conditionally in case three addi- of Natural History, just completed at a cost of
tional subscribers can be found to give $100,000 $60,000, is a building of three stories above a
each, thus making possible the carrying out of high basement, and is designed for the various
the building plan and $350,000 given or pledged needs of biology and geology. There are suites
for special purposes other than those of the of laboratories for anatomy, physiology, ex-
general building fund. During the year the perimental morphology, zoology, botany and
university has received also the Vanderbilt be- geology, together with a vivarium. The south-
ern half of the building, provided with a large
quest of $100,000 free of tax; $50,000 from the
estate of Charles J. Stille; $30,000 from the central light well extending from the first floor
estate of Professor 0. C. Marsh, and $15,000 to the arched roof, is the museum. The already
from the estate of Catherine W. Jarman, mak- valuable collections of Trinity College, includ-
ing, with minor legacies, about $200,000. The ing the Ward series of invertebrates, vertebrate
skeletons and Blascke models will be largely
University has further just received from Mr.
W. E. Dodge of New York City the sum bf augmented in the near future. Professor Ed-
$30,000 "for the purpose of promoting among wards will supervise the equipment of the
its students and graduates and among the edu- laboratories during the summer.
cated men of the United States an understand-
THE following appointments are also an-
ing of the duties of Christian citizenship and a nounced: H. T. Cory, a graduate of Purdue
sense of personal responsibility for the perform-
ance of those duties." The income of the fund University, now in charge of the engineering
courses in the University of Missouri, professor
will be paid each year for a series of lectures. of civil engineering in the University of Cin-
THE sum of $109,000 covering the debt of cinnati; Dr. Franz Pfaff, assistant professor of
Wellesley College has been raised making avail- pharmacology and therapeutics of the Harvard
able a gift of $100,000 from Mr. John D. Rocke- Medical School; Dr. L. E. Dickson has resigned
feller. his position as associate professor of mathematics
THE daily papers contain a dispatch from in the University of Texas, to accept a call to
Havana regarding an alleged scandal in the the University of Chicago; Dr. Grace N. Dol-
University, where some of the best known men son, a graduate of Cornell University, has been
in Cuba are said to have received $24,000 a year made professor of philosophy at Wellesley Col-
each as professors. There were 72 of these pro- lege; at Princeton University, Professor E. O.
fessors and 24 assistants, some of them having Lovett has been promoted to a full professorship
no classes at all and others only one or two stu- of mathematics, and Mr. A. A. H. Lyba has
dents. Many of the professors drew other gov- been called to a professorship of mathematics at
ernment salaries. When this was called to Roberts College, Constantinople; Dr. George
General Wood's attention he immediately in- V. N. Dearborn has been appointed assistant
augurated reforms, which resulted in cutting professor of physiology in the Tufts College
down the list to 46 professors and assistants. Medical School. He succeeds Dr. Albert P.
So at least runs a cablegram from Havana on Mathews, who has been called to an instructor-
which perhaps not very much reliance should ship in physiology in the Harvard Medical
be placed. School.