Philippine Constitution: 2Nd Shifting: Manifest Destiny
Philippine Constitution: 2Nd Shifting: Manifest Destiny
Philippine Constitution: 2Nd Shifting: Manifest Destiny
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PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION: 2nd Shifting
• Census Day (March 2, 1903) – total population of 7,635,426. o Julian Montalan and Leon Villafuerte were given
• Political Party in 1901: Partida Conservador; recognized executive clemency.
American sovereignty under the Treaty of Paris. o Sakay’s resistance became the final chapter in the
• Political Parties in 1902: Partida Nacionalista, Partido Philippine-American war.
Independista, and Partido Democrata. • First Philippine Assembly (July 30, 1907)
• Balangiga Massacre, Samar (September 28, 1901) o Partido Federal ➝ Partido Nacional Progresista
o Gen. Vicente Lukban ambushed American soldiers. o Partido Nacionalista won a landslide majority due to
o 6:30 AM, the bells of Balangiga Church were rung, its advocacy on immediate and absolute independence.
signaling the attack of ~400 men. o Inaugurated at the Grand Opera House, Manila on
o Gen. Jacob Smith ordered the massacre of all men and October 16, 1907.
children above ten years of age (seriously guys, ang § Sergio Osmeña was chosen Speaker of the
scary sa area na ‘to swear. Feel na feel ‘yung sufferings Assembly; Manuel L. Quezon became the
tuwing nadaan kami doon.) majority floor leader.
§ “Howling wilderness.” o Gabaldon Law – first bill passed by the assembly.
§ Smith was court-martialed for the cruelties by § One million pesos for barrio schools.
his troops and found guilty. • Benito Legarda and Pablo Ocampo represented the Philippines
o American forces took the church bells and a rare 1557 in the U.S. Congress; were not given the privilege to vote.
cannon as war booty and transported them to • Jones Law (August 19, 1916)
Wyoming. o Signed by President Woodrow Wilson.
• Gen. Miguel Malvar continued the fight for independence. o Upper House – the House of Senate (24 members).
o Constitution of Resistance to the American o Lower House – the House of Representatives (93
occupation dated July 31, 1901. members).
o Gen. Franklin Bell used a zone of reconcentration. o Preamble declaring that independence would be
• Anti-nationalist laws imposed on local inhabitants: granted to the Filipino people as soon as a stable
o Sedition Law, Brigandage Act, Reconcentration Act, government could be established.
and the Flag Law. o Inaugurated on October 26, 1916.
o Flag Law of 1907 prohibited the display of the § Quezon as President of Senate.
Philippine flag used by the resistance against the U.S. § Osmeña as Speaker of the House.
• Sedition Law on November 4, 1901 imposed death penalty or § Nacionalistas dominated both houses.
a long prison term on anyone who advocated separation from • Leonard Wood – governor general in October 5, 1921 in
the U.S. even by peaceful means. replacement of Francis Burton-Harrison.
o Tanikalagan Guinto (Gold Chains) by Juan Abad was • Cabinet Crisis of 1923
closed after its performance on May 10, 1903. o Filipino cabinet members resigned in protest of Gov.
§ Sentenced to two years imprisonment and a Wood’s handling of the Ray Conley case.
fine of $2,000. • Gov. Wood abolished the Board of Control – oversee and
o Hindi Aco Patay (I Am Not Dead) by Juan Matapang manage the ownership of stocks of government-owned and
Cruz was also closed on May 8, 1903. controlled corporations.
§ Red sun on a Katipunan flag rose behind the o Manila Railroad Company, Manila Hotel and the
stage caused a riot inside the theater. Philippine National Bank.
§ Cruz was arrested and later imprisoned. • National Supreme Council was formed.
o Kahapon, Bukas at Ngayon (Yesterday, Today and • Os-Rox Mission (December 1931) brought home the Hare-
Tomorrow) by Aurelio Tolentino was also regarded as Hawes Cutting Act which divided the Philippine Congress into
seditious; last show on May 14, 1903. the Antis, led by Senate President Quezon, and the Pros, led by
§ Life imprisonment in 1905; pardoned in 1912. Senator Osmeña and Speaker Roxas.
• Brigandage Act on November 12, 1902 punished with death or o HHC Act – granting of Philippine independence but
with a prison term of not less than 20 years for members of an reserving military and naval bases for the U.S.
armed band. • Tydings-McDuffie Law (March 24, 1934) was passed and
• Reconcentration Act on June 1, 1903 gave the governor signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
general the power to authorize any provincial governor to o 10-year transition period under the Commonwealth of
reconcentrate residents if outlaws were operated in some areas. the Philippines.
• Gen. Lucian San Miguel – supreme military commander in o Absolute and complete independence on July 4, 1946.
September of 1902. o Annual quota of 50 Filipino immigrants to America;
o Faustino Guillermo assumed leadership of the New o Control of currency, coinage, foreign trade and
Katipunan movement in Rizal and Bulacan. relations by America; and
§ Was arrested as a prisoner and turned over to o Representation of one Filipino resident commissioner
Capt. Keithley. in America and vice versa.
• Tagalog Republic in CALABARZON – continuation of • First election of the 1953 Constitution (September 17, 1935)
Bonifacio’s Katipunan led by Macario Sakay, Julian Montalan o Candidates for President and Vice-President:
and Cornelio Felizardo. § Coalition Party: Manuel L. Quezon and
o Cooper Act of 1902 – peace and order. Sergio Osmeña (WON).
o Sakay and his men were trapped in a party and were § National Socialist Party: Gen. Emilio
charged with ladronism, robbery, rape, kidnapping and Aguinaldo and Raymundo Melliza.
murder. § Republican Party: Bishop Gregorio Aglipay
o Gen. Macario L. Sakay and Col. Lucio de Vega was and Norberto Nabong.
sentenced to die by public hanging.
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PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION: 2nd Shifting