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    Guidelines For The Use of Potassium Chloride

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    Sallie Naomi
    This document provides guidelines for the use of potassium chloride in neonates. It recommends initial oral replacement therapy of 0.5-1 mEq/kg/day in divided doses, with acute hypokalemia treatment beginning at 0.5 to 1 mEq/kg IV infused at 0.3-0.5mEq/kg/hr. Potential adverse reactions include hyperkalemia, GI irritation from oral administration, and cardiac arrhythmias from rapid IV infusion. Nursing implications include monitoring serum potassium, using appropriate IV concentrations, and watching for signs of irritation or phlebitis at the IV site.

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    Guidelines For The Use of Potassium Chloride

    Uploaded by

    Sallie Naomi
    74 views2 pages
    This document provides guidelines for the use of potassium chloride in neonates. It recommends initial oral replacement therapy of 0.5-1 mEq/kg/day in divided doses, with acute hypokalemia treatment beginning at 0.5 to 1 mEq/kg IV infused at 0.3-0.5mEq/kg/hr. Potential adverse reactions include hyperkalemia, GI irritation from oral administration, and cardiac arrhythmias from rapid IV infusion. Nursing implications include monitoring serum potassium, using appropriate IV concentrations, and watching for signs of irritation or phlebitis at the IV site.

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    Electrolyte

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    Electrolyte

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    This document provides guidelines for the use of potassium chloride in neonates. It recommends initial oral replacement therapy of 0.5-1 mEq/kg/day in divided doses, with acute hypokalemia treatment beginning at 0.5 to 1 mEq/kg IV infused at 0.3-0.5mEq/kg/hr. Potential adverse reactions include hyperkalemia, GI irritation from oral administration, and cardiac arrhythmias from rapid IV infusion. Nursing implications include monitoring serum potassium, using appropriate IV concentrations, and watching for signs of irritation or phlebitis at the IV site.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    74 views2 pages

    Guidelines For The Use of Potassium Chloride

    Uploaded by

    Sallie Naomi
    This document provides guidelines for the use of potassium chloride in neonates. It recommends initial oral replacement therapy of 0.5-1 mEq/kg/day in divided doses, with acute hypokalemia treatment beginning at 0.5 to 1 mEq/kg IV infused at 0.3-0.5mEq/kg/hr. Potential adverse reactions include hyperkalemia, GI irritation from oral administration, and cardiac arrhythmias from rapid IV infusion. Nursing implications include monitoring serum potassium, using appropriate IV concentrations, and watching for signs of irritation or phlebitis at the IV site.

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    Guidelines for the Use of Potassium Chloride

    Recommended Neonatal Dose, Route, and Interval

     Initial oral replacement Therapy:


    - 0.5-1 mEq/kg/day in divided doses
    - Small, more frequent aliquots preferred (every feed or every other feed)
    - Adjust dosage based on monitoring of potassium concentrations
    - 1mEq K = 74.6 mg KCl
     Acute treatment of symptomatic Hypokalemia
    - Begin with 0.5 to 1 mEq/kg IV to infuse at 0.3-0.5mEq/kg/hr (Max rate = 1mEq/kg/hr)
    - Maximum concentration: 40 mEq/L for peripheral & 80 mEq/L for central venous
    infusions.

    Chief Indications

     Treatment of Hypokalemia
     Adjunct to diuretic therapy
     Prevention of digoxin toxicity potentiated by hypokalemia

    Possible Adverse Reactions:


    1. Hyperkalemia
    2. PO administration may cause GI irritation, vomiting, diarrhea, bleeding.
    3. IV administration may cause irritation, pain or phlebitis at the infusion site.
    4. Rapid IV infusion may cause cardiac arrhythmias.

    Contraindications & Precautions


     Hypersensitivity to potassium chloride products
     Severe renal impairment or hyperkalemia
     Use with caution in patients with cardiac disease

    Nursing Implications
     Monitor serum potassium concentrations. If serum potassium level is not rising with
    effective potassium supplementation, consider checking a magnesium level.
     Continuous cardiac monitoring is mandatory for IV replacement especially for central
    infusions
     Peripheral Line Concentration = 0.1mEq/mL; Central Line Concentration = 0.2mEq/mL
     Watch IV site for signs of irritation or phlebitis.
     KCl oral supplementation will be diluted by pharmacy to a concentration of 1mEq/mL
     Give oral doses with the nearest feed.

    References:
    1. Neofax 2010
    Reviewed/Revised: 4/2011 by

    Samir Alabsi, MD
    Kelli Cunningham, Pharm. D, BCPS
    Rebecca Willson, ARNP, NNP

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