Mini Project Report

On

A MAN CLIMBING COCONUT TREE SHOWN BY USING PROPERTIES OF

GRAPHICS
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements
Of University of Mumbai for the degree of
Bachelor of Engineering
By
Sanjivani Gautam Bagade (117CP1187B)
Megha Bhatt (117CP1159B)
Abhishek Manoj Jaiswal (117CP1489A)

For Subject
Computer Graphics
Under Supervision of

Prof. Chandrashekar Badgujar

Department of Computer Engineering

Mahatma Gandhi Mission’s College of Engineering & Technology
Kamothe, Navi Mumbai – 400 209
University of Mumbai
Academic Year: 2018-19
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Project work “MAN CLIMBING COCONUT TREE" done by
"BAGADE SANJIVANI GAUTAM" students of “Department Of Computer
Engineering” is a record of bonafide work carried out of them. This Project is done as partial
fulfilment of obtaining “Bachelor of Computer Engineering” degree to be awarded by
“Mahatma Gandhi Mission of College of Engineering And Technology, Kamothe”. The
matter embodied in this project report has not been submitted to any other university for the
award of any other degree.

( Chandrashekar Badgujar) (Dr.K Sankar)

Supervisor/Guide Head of Department

 Declaration

I declare that this written submission represents my ideas in my own words and where
others' ideas or words have been included, I have adequately cited and referenced the
original sources. I also declare that I have adhered to all principles of academic honesty
and integrity and have not misrepresented or fabricated or falsified any
idea/data/fact/source in my submission. I understand that any violation of the above will be
cause for disciplinary action by the Institute and can also evoke penal action from the
sources which have thus not been properly cited or from whom proper permission has not
been taken when needed.

---------------------------------------
(Signature)

-----------------------------------------
(Name of student)

Date:
 Acknowledgement

We are profoundly grateful to Prof. Chandrashekar Badgujarfor her expert guidance

and continuous encouragement throughout to see that this project rights its target since its
commencement to its completion.

We would like to express deepest appreciation towards Dr. Santosh Narayankhedkar,

Principal, Mahatma Gandhi Mission’s College of Engineering and Technology, Prof. K.
Sankar, Head of Department of Computer Engineering whose invaluable guidance supported
us in completing this project.

At last we must express our sincere heartfelt gratitude to all the staff members of
Computer Engineering Department who helped us directly or indirectly during this course
of work.
 Abstract

Graphics programming in C used to drawing various geometrical shapes(rectangle,

circle eclipse etc), use of mathematical function in drawing curves, coloring an object with
different colors and patterns and simple animation programs like jumping ball, moving cars.C
graphics using graphics.h functions or WinBGIM (Windows 7) can be used to draw different
shapes, display text in different fonts, change colors and many more. Using functions of
graphics.h in Turbo C compiler we can make graphics programs, animations, projects, and
games. We can draw circles, lines, rectangles, bars and many other geometrical figures. We
can change their colors using the available functions and fill them. Following is a list of
functions of graphics.h header file.

Keywords:graphics
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Name of Figure Page No.

1.1 PROCESS OF GRAPHICS 5
1.2 FLOWCHART OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS 6

LIST OF SCREENSHOTS

Screenshot Name of Screenshots Page

No. No.
1. MAN STANDING BESIDE TREE 6
2. MAN CLIMBING COCONUT TREE IN UPWARD 6
DIRECTION
3. MAN PLUCKING COCONUT 7
4. COCONUT FALLING DOWM 7
 ABSTRACT i
LIST OF FIGURES ii
LIST OF TABLES iii
LIST OF SCREENSHOTS iv
ABBREVIATON, NOTATION AND NOMENCLATURE v
1. Chapter 1 1
1.1 Overview 1
1.2 Objective 1
1.3 Scope 2
1.4 Introduction 2
2. Chapter 2 3
2.1 Review Literature 3
2.2 Explaination of project 4
2.3 Function used in project 4
3. Chapter 3 6
3.1 Screenshots 6
4. Chapter 4 8
4.1Conclusion 8
4.2Advantage 9
5 Chapter 5 10
5.1 Future Scope 10
References 10

Table of Content
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Chapter 1

1.1 Overview:-
 the representation and manipulation of image data by a computer
 the various technologies used to create and manipulate images
 the sub-field of computer science which studies methods for digitally synthesizing and
manipulating visual content, see study of computer graphics

Today, computer graphics is widespread. Such imagery is found in and on television,

newspapers, weather reports, and in a variety of medical investigations and surgical procedures.
A well-constructed graph can present complex statistics in a form that is easier to understand and
interpret. In the media "such graphs are used to illustrate papers, reports, theses", and other
presentation material.

Many tools have been developed to visualize data. Computer generated imagery can be
categorized into several different types: two dimensional (2D), three dimensional (3D), and
animated graphics. As technology has improved, 3D computer graphics have become more
common, but 2D computer graphics are still widely used.

1.2Objective:

There is an engineering applications (e.g. automotive and aeorspace), the ability to

quickly visualize newly designed shapes is indispensible. Before the advent of computer
graphics, designers built expensive prototypes and time-consuming clay models are hundreds of
ports and service in which some of them are in common use.Now, designers can interactively
view and modify models of their shapes using a computer.Medical imaging is another
application where computer graphics has proven valuable. Recent advances in imaging
technology such as computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging allow physicians to
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take 3D Xrays of the human body. Interactive computer graphics allows the physician to
interpret this large volume of data in new and useful ways.

The main objective of this project is to use graphics for movie making, video
game and computer programdevelopment, scientific modeling, and design for catalogs and
other commercial art..

1.3 Scope:

This project aims at the creation of a comprehensive application, which can be used .
for development and to have significant impact on many types of media and has
revolutionized animation, movies, advertising, video games, and graphic design in general..The
application should be as simple as possible so that it can be configured even by a non-technical
person.

1.4 INTRODUCTION
Computers have become a powerful l tool for the rapid and economical production of pictures. There
is virtually no area in which graphical displays cannot be used to some advantage, and so it is not
surprising to find the use of computer graphics so widespread. Although early applications in
engineering and science had to rely on expensiveand cumbersome equipment, advances in computer technology
have made interactive computer graphics a practical tool. Today, we find computer graphics used
routinely in such diverse areas as science,engineering, medicine, business, industry, government,
art,entertainment, advertising, education, and training.Computer graphics aregraphicscreated
usingcomputersand, moregenerally, therepresentationand manipulationof image databy acomputer. The
development of computer graphics has made computerseasier to interact with, and better for
understanding and interpretingmany types of data. Developments in computer graphics have had
aprofound impact on many types of media and have revolutionized animation,movies and thevideo
game industry.A major use of computer graphics is in design processes,particularly for engineering
and architectural systems, but almost all products are now computer designed
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Chapter 2

2.1 Review Literature

In this project we have used many properties of computer graphics as we can see there are
lines,circles and also have used flood fill to fill the color as all these things seen in project like
man climbing up and down,plucking coconut from tree ,leafs,coconuts,coconut falling down etc
all are drawn using graphics

We have used co-ordinates system to shown position of each and every element present on
screen

Lets starts with shapes ,

 LINE:-

The process of turning on the pixels is called line generation or scan conversion of a line.we have
to draw a line that means we have to make the pixels on that line to ON condition i.e. we have to
change the intensity of the pixels present on that line.To draw a line we must know the two
endpoints.we have use line to draw bark of coconut tree

 CIRCLE

A circle is a set of points that are placed at a given distance ‘r’ from centre(xc,yc).The circle is
generated by considering center point as origin with radius r.from any poiny (xn,yn) on the
circle,the next point(xn+1,yn+1) must be either one on right or onto to the right and down

 FLOOD FILL

The flood-fill algorithm takes three parameters: a start node, a target color, and a replacement
color. The algorithm looks for all nodes in the array that are connected to the start node by a path
of the target color and changes them to the replacement color. There are many ways in which the
flood-fill algorithm can be structured, but they all make use of a queue or stack data structure,
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explicitly or implicitly.Depending on whether we consider nodes touching at the corners

connected or not, we have two variations: eight-way and four-way respectively.

2.2 Explanation of the Project:

In Computer Graphics Mini Project we have Designed a man climbing coconut tree. In this we
have used several functions .

In this for creating objects we have used default functions like line() it is used to create line ,
arc() function is used to draw arc , circle() it is used to draw the circle, rectangle() it is used to
draw the rectangle.

For displaying in perfection of time and moving it two particular pixel we have used
cleardevice() for clearing the pixels on the output screen , setcolor() function for setting the color
to the objects, , setfillstyle () function for the filling the style in objects and delay() function is
used to show the object is in moving state.

In this way we prepared the a man climbing coconut tree making use of various function.
.

2.3 FUNCTIONS USED IN PROJECT:-

 delay(n): This function is used for holding the program output for a small period of time
since processing is very fast so use it to see the result.
 setcolor(n): A function from graphics.h header file which set the color of the pointer
(cursor). There are some predefined colors in computer graphics. Here n is color number.
 line(x1, y1, x2, y2): A function from graphics.h header file which draw a line with (x1, y1)
as first coordinate of line and (x2, y2) as second coordinate of the line.
 circle(x, y, r): A function from graphics.h header file which draw a circle with center (x, y)
and radius r.
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1.1process of garphics
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1.2 flowchart of computer graphics

3.1Screen Shots

1)
 7

2)

3)
4)
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Chapter 4

4.1Conclusion
This project is one of the sample project on Computer Graphics.. Though many difficul-ties were faced

during the project as well as many errors occurred, we became succeed to com- pile and run

the program. There may be some limitations on this project as well, so, in the near future we would like

to be hopeful in further improvements. We are highly obliged to all helpin ghands and to all inspirations

to make this project successful. Well this project will be applicableto most of all. As well as, we are more

hopeful for more advice, new ideas and inspiration to make more other projects.To had tried our best to

include each and every basic features of graphics in our projects.We aimed it to be an interfacing

application to the real world that means our project must not bean project for any examination but also

applicable for real world

. It somehow makes our life easier in this or that way. From this very project we were able to achieve va

rious knowledge in computer graphics and also in logical coding. We refresh our knowledge in C

Programming. Moreover we also gained an experienceof group work, team coordination. We learned

how team work is very much important

4.2ADVANTAGES:

 It provides tools for producing pictures not only of concrete real world objects but also of
abstract, synthetic objects such as mathematical surface in 4D and of data that have no
inherent geometry such as survey results.
9
 It have ability to show moving pictures and thus it is possible to produce animations with
computer graphics.

 With computer graphics user can also control the animation speed, portion of the view,
the geometric relationship the object in the scene to one another, the amount of detail
shown and on.
 The computer graphics provides tool called motion dynamics. with this tool user user can
move and tumble objects with respect to a stationary observer, or he can make objects
stationary and the viewer moving around them. A typical example is walk through made
by builder show flat interior and building surroundings. In many case it is also possible
to move both objects and viewer.
 The computer graphics also provides facility called update dynamics. With update
dynamics it is possible to change this shape, colour or other properties of the objects
being viewed.
 Chapter 5

5.1 Future Scope

Graphics designers who are skilled in areas of imagination,creativity,imagining and design

 Image designing
 Logo designing
 Brochure and Leaflet design
 Catalog Design
 Brand Videos
 Animations
 Newsletter and other Business Tool Design
 3D design

The chances for graphic designers are limitless and its growing rapidly

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REFERENCES:-

1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_graphics -LINK

2) https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/computer-graphics-2/-LINK

3) Computer Graphics With Virtual Reality System Rajesh K Maurya -BOOK