Training Report TOYEB PDF
Training Report TOYEB PDF
Training Report TOYEB PDF
I would like to thank the entire SGTPS, Birsinghpur. Who has provided me this
sessional training. I am thankful to Er. Surendra Kumar Jain , the supervision
of Training, who organized my training schedule and also for their benevolent
guidance and kind cooperation through out my training along with
completing this project report and provided me the various knowledge about
their stations.
I also thanks to the workers of their respective stations, who were always ready
to clarify my doubts and helped me to increase my knowledge by illustrating me
to the finer points.
The six week training has exposed us to the actual application of the
various studied. The training period has being very interesting wherein we
got to know how the final product comes to the market. Each product
undergoes a number of qualities control test to bring in uniformity and quality.
Each field requires skilfully handling and training at given at each step which
will help us in the long run.
CONTENTS:
2. Organization Introduction
4. Steam Turbine
7. Different Valves
8. Combined Main Stop Valve and Control valve Combined Reheat Stop Valve
and Control valve
9. Coal Circulation
13. Dust Collecting Hopper with Pneumatic System and Slurry Pump Rapping
Mechanism
15. Ash Handling System Bottom Ash system Fly Ash System Ash Water
System Ash Slurry System
22. Function of various Parts of cycle Primary Air (PA) Fan Secondary Air fan
25. Reference
List of Tables
Different Stages of SGTPS, Birsinghpur
HP Turbine Features
IP Turbine Features
LP Turbine Features
Turbine Specification
List Of Figure
Machinery Layout
Turbine Tube
Condenser
Condenser Tubes
Unit- 2 210 MW
Unit- 4 210 MW
Water has been taken from near by Yamuna Canal. This water is lifted by raw
water pumps and is sent to clarifier to remove turbidity of water. The clear
water is sent to water treatment plant, cooling water system and service water
system. The water is de-mineralized (DM) by water treatment plant. The DM
water is stored in condensate storage tanks from where it is used in boiler.
2) Fuel Oil :
3) COAL :
The coal reaches the plant in the railways wagons. The unloading of coal is
done mechanically by tilting the wagons by tippler. The coal is sent to
the coal storage yard through the conveyor belts. The crushed coal from store is
sent to the mill bunkers through conveyor belts. The air which takes away the
coal dust passes upward into the classifier where the direction of flow is
changed abruptly. This causes the coarse particle in the air coal stream to finer
coal dust along with the primary air leaves the classifier onto the coal
transport piping from where it goes to nozzle. Pulverized coal obtained from
coal mill can not be burnt directly.
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION:
The Thermal Power Station burns fuel & uses the resultant to make the steam,
which derives the turbo generator. The Fuel i.e. coal is burnt in pulverized from.
The pressure energy of the steam produce is converted into mechanical energy
with the help of turbine. The mechanical energy is fed to the generator where
the magnet rotate inside a set of stator winding & thus electricity is produced in
India 65% of total power is generated by thermal power stations. To understand
the working of the Thermal Power Station plant, we can divide the whole
process into following parts.
FAMILARIZATION WITH PLANT:
BOILER:
Boiler is a device used for producing steam. There are two types of boilers:
Here, boiler used is of water tube type. In the boiler, heat energy transfer takes
place through tube walls and drum. The gases lose their heat to water in
the boiler or superheated. The escape heat is used to heat the water through
economizer.
ID and FD fans are used to produce artificial draught. The fuel oil is used to
ignite the boiler and pulverized coal is lifted from the coal mills by PA fans.
The shaft is coupled with generator. The generator converts the kinetic energy
of the rotating shaft to electric energy. Field windings are excited by D.C.
power using exciter. Shaft of generator rotates at 3000 rpm speed.
CONDENSER:
In condenser, the water passes through various tunes and steam passes
through a chamber containing a large number of water tubes (about 20000).
The steam gets converted into water droplets, when steam comes in contact with
water tubes. The condensate is used again in boiler as it is dematerialized water
and 5-6 heats the water, which was in tubes, during the process of condensation.
This water is sent to cooling tower.
(Arrangement of Cooling Tower)
SWITCH YARD:
Switchyard is the area, which feed the grid supply to the station transformer and
fees the grid by the power generator by the unit. The power supply control is
administrated here and the units consumed and supplies are recorded in
the control room. The connections of 220KV BUS to the station transformer is
done by using the isolated and gas filled circuit breakers.
Coal to steam.
Steam to mechanical power.
Switching and transmission.
COAL TO STEAM:
The boiler burns pulverized coal at rates up to 200 tons per hour. From the coal
store, fuel is carried on a conveyor belt and discharged by means of a coal
tipper into the bunker. It then falls through a weighed into the coal-
pulverizing mill where it is ground to a powder as fine as flour. Air is drawn
from the top of the boiler house by the forced draught fan and passed through
the air preheaters to the hot air duct. From here some of the air passes
directly to the burners and the remainder is taken through the primary air fan
to the pulverizing mill, where it is mixed with the powdered coal, blowing it
along pipes to the burners of the furnace. Here it mixes with the rest of the air
and burns with great heat.
The boiler consists of a large number of tubes and the heat produced raises the
temp. of the water circulating in them to create steam, which passes to the steam
drum at very high pressure. The steam is then heated further in the super
heater and fed through outlet valve to the high pr. cylinder of the steam
turbine.
STEAM TURBINE:
The steam turbine is a prime mover that converts the stored mechanical energy
in steam into rotational mechanical energy. A turbine pair consists of a ring of
fixed blade and a ring of moving blades. The blades are so designed that
the steam glides overt eh blade surface without striking it. As the steam
floes over the covered surface of blade, it exerts a pressure on the blade along
its whole length owing to its centrifugal force. The motive force on the blade
will be the resultant of the centrifugal pressures on the blade length plus the
effect of change of the steam as it flows over the blade.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION:
The turbine consists of three casings, high, medium and low pressure. HP part
consists of two horizontally split casings-inner is placed inside, outer casing
with scope for expansion in all direction. Fixed point of inner casing in the
axial directions is between the nozzle chambers.
Medium low pressure casing is split horizontally and comprise of 3 parts
connected by vertical flanges. The outlet branches are connected rigidly
with condenser which is supported on springs. In the middle casing, tube
nests of 1st and 2nd LP heaters are mounted. The casings are inter connected by
guide keys and fixed points in the axial direction is at the central part of the LP
casing. Total thermal expansion of the casings is indicated at front bearing
pedestal and is approximately 25mm when casings are fully stretched at
rated steam parameters and at full load. The displacement of the bearing
pedestal; between HP & MP parts is about 15mm. Relative expansion of
rotors also are measured at 3 points.
There are seven radial bearings on which rotor is supported. With proper
expansion of all turbine parts, the load sharing is equal in all bearings. The
bearings are placed in:
HP front standard
between HP & MP at MP end
both side of LP
both side of generator.
The journals are lifted by high pressure oil supplied by jacking oil pump at the
time of putting machine on turning gear.
TURNING GEAR:
This equipment is located on the bearing pedestal between LP and generator and
turns the rotor after shutdown or before start-up, at 62 RPM by an electric motor
of 30KW. The motor starting is possible only when lubricating. oil pressure is
available. The oil pressure required to put the swinging gear to engage
with the coupling gear is 50 ata, supplied from jacking oil pump to a
servomotor through an electro magnet.
2. Operating Principle:
(a) A steam turbines two main parts are the cylinder and the rotor.
The cylinder containers fixed blades, vanes and nozzles that direct the
steam into the moving blades carried by the rotor. The rotor is a rotating shaft
that carries the moving blades.
(b) In a multiple stage turbine, steam at a high pressure and high temperature
enters the first row of fixed blades through an inlet valves. As the steam passes
trough the fixed blades, it expands and its velocity increases. The high velocity
jet of steam the first set of moving blades. The kinetic energy of the steam
changes into mechanical energy, causing the shaft to rotate. The steam then
enters the next set of fixed blades and strikes the next row of moving blades.
(c) As the steam flows through the turbine, its pressure and temperature
decreases, while its volume increases. The decreases in the pressure and
temperature occur as the steam transmits energy to the shaft and performs work.
After passing through the last turbine stage, the steam exhausts into the
condenser or process steam system.
(d) The kinetic energy of the steam changes into mechanical energy
through the impact or reaction of the steam against the blades. Many
large turbines use both impulse and reaction blading. Blade rows require
seals to prevent steam leakage where the pressure drops.
3. Steam Cycle:
(a) The Thermal (steam) Power Plant uses a dual phase cycle. It is closed to
enable the working liquid(water) to be used again and again. The cycle
used is Rankine cycle’ modified to include super heating of steam, regenerative
feed water heating and reheating of steam.
Design Features:
The turbine is of tandem compound design with separate High Pressure
(HP), Intermediate Pressure (IP) and Low Pressure (LP) cylinders. The HP
turbine is of Single Flow type while IP and LP turbines are of Double Flow
type. The turbine is condensing type with single reheat. It is basically
engineered on reaction principle with throttle governing. The stages are
arranged in HP, IP and LP turbines driving alternating current full capacity
turbo generator.
The readily designed HP, IP and LP turbines are combined and sized to
required power output, steam parameters and cycle configuration to give most
economical turbine set. The design and constructional features have proved
their reliability in service and ensure trouble free operation over long
operating periods and at the same time ensuring high thermal efficiencies.
Turbine
Barrel type High Pressure (HP) Turbine:
The outer casing of the HP turbine is of barrel type construction without any
massive horizontal flange. This unique construction permits rapid startup from
any thermal state and high rates of load changes of the turbo set. The
steam and metal temperature matching requirements are also less stringent as
there is no asymmetry of mass distribution in traverse or longitudinal planes.
The barrel type outer casing does not cause any problems during over
hauls and capital maintenance as the assemble and disassembly of the turbine
can be done in a relatively short time as compared to the conventional design.
The HP turbine is of single flow type with 25 reaction stages.
The barrel type outer casing does not cause any problems during
over hauls and capital maintenance as the assemble and disassembly of the
turbine can be done in a relatively short time as compared to the conventional
design. The HP turbine is of single flow type with 25 reaction stages.
Turbine Specifications:
Make BHEL
Type of Turbine
HP cylinder
Regulating stage Two rows Curtis wheel
MP cylinder
LP body
Oil Supply
COAL CIRCULATION
COAL MILL:
Coal mills are mainly used to cursed the coal. It cursed the coal in powder form.
The powder form o coal is known as scream. In the Unit-5, 6 coal mills are
present in the unit. In which 5 are working & I is standby.
CONSTRUCTION:
It have three roller, which are inclined at 120 degree angle to each other.
A whirl shaft is mounted on a motor. It rotates at 1400 r.p.m.
A-550 H.P. Motor used for rotation. It attached with shaft & it also
attached with a gear, which further transfer power to three roller and
gives motion.
Radial
Thrust
Radial support
A pump is used for the lubrication oil, to transfer in the bearing & gear.
A gland is provided to prevent the leakage of oil & a indicator which
gives indication of oil motion.
A inlet pipe, coming from coal bunker is feed the coal in the mill.
R.C. feeder provide B/W the inlet pipe & coal bunker.
PA fan provide hot air from air preheater, for crushing purpose
maintenance of temperature.
Also cold air is provided to maintain the temperature.
Four pipe line are used, which are used to transfer the scream coal to the
furnace.
Conveyer belt is used to transferred out the unnecessary particle like
concrete & small rock part from the coal mill.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM:
Coal is transported from the coal mine with the help of train. Train
wagons are emptied with the help of tippler and stored in coal yard. From here
it goes to the coal crusher, where the big size coal is crushed and made into the
required size. From coal crusher it goes to the coal bunker through conveyor
belt and from coal bunker it move to R.C. feeder. R.C. feeder feeds coal to the
coal mill, where the coal is ground into powder form.
Air from primary air fan is introduced into the coal mill and coal powder mixed
with it and goes to the classifier. The work of classifier is just to separate the un
pulverized coal & feed it again to the coal mill. The pulverized coal mixed with
air enters in the furnace at the corner through and forms a circle due to
tangential fired. Here coal burns completely and releases heat and becomes in
ash form. Ash in the furnace is taken away by ID fan through the
Electrostatic precipitator. The purpose E.S.P. is to collect the ash. From the
E.S.P. ash goes to the ash handling plant. The particles of ash which are not
collected in the E.S.P. are goes to atmosphere through the chimney.
DRAFT SYSTEM:
The force needed to draw air is called as draft. This force may be due
to small pressure difference in the stream of flue gases or in the air which cause
the flow to take place. In boiler it is necessary to supply sufficient quantity of
air for proper combustion of the fuel and it is essential to force the fuel gases
out of air for proper combustion of fuel and it is essential to force the fuel
gases out of boiler. This is accomplished by suitable fans and this system is
termed as mechanical draft as against natural draft.
In mechanical draft system, there are two type of application namely force
draft & balance drafting. At P.T.P.S. balance draft system is used. Two
fans are employed, one termed force draft other termed as induced draft
fan. The F.D. fan is utilized to force atmospheric air into the furnace and
then it is function of ID fan to such out the boiler flue gases through the
economizer, air pre heater etc. & discharging it out through the stack. There two
working together maintain a balance draft which is normally slightly negative
pressure in the furnace.
Thus the hydrostatic head available will not be able to overcome the frictional
resistance for a flow corresponding to the minimum requirement of cooling of
water wall tunes. Therefore natural circulation to boiler is limited to pressure of
175 g/cm2 and in our case this pressure is about 138 kg/cm2 and hence natural
circulation system is sufficient.
The process describes the effect produced by addition of a alum to the colloidal
suspended dispersion resulting in particle destabilization by a reduction force
which lend to keep particle apart. Rapid mixing which is done in flash
mixer in the clarifloculatior is done to obtain uniform dispersion. Second
stage of formation of particle from destabilized colloidal fixed particle is
termed as ‘flocculation’. Here coagulated particles grow in six by attaching to
each other. At this stage particles are large enough to settle rapidly under the
influence of gravity and may be removed. After this the water is passed through
the anthracites pressure filter to remove the suspended impurities and there
after sent to the activated carbon filter to dechlorinate the filter water as the
chlorine is harmful for the resins through which the water is to pass next. The
D.M. water is obtained by ion exchange process. The filtered water is first
passed through cation exchanger process where the cations of dissolved
impurities are removed. Then it is passed to the degassifier tower where most of
carbon dioxide is removed.
Thus the pure D.M. water is obtained which is stored in the storage
tanks for make up. During the process of D.M. cation and anions resins get
discharge and have to be reactivated with the help of HCL and caustic soda
D.M. of water is done to prevent the scale sludge formation problem in the
boiler drum which restricts the transfer of head of water.
CONDENSER:
The steam after working in the turbine is condensed in condenser in each
unit installed below the LP exhaust. The condenser is of surface type
made of fabricated construction in single shell. The tube is of divided type
double pass arrangement, having two independent cooling water inlet, outlet
and reserve and water boxes. The condenser is provided with integral air-
cooling zone at the centre from where air and non-condensable gases are
continuously drawn out with the help of mechanical vacuum pump.
The condensate is collected at the bottom portion of the condenser called the hot
well from where it is pumped up to the deaerator by the condensate pumps
through the different heating stages. The function of the condenser is to
condense the out coming steam from LP turbine. In the condenser cooling water
flows through the tubes and exhaust steam from the turbine outside the pipes.
Area of condenser 9655m2
Cooling water flow rate 2400m3/Hr
CONDENSER
CONDENSER TUBES
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR:
Electrostatic Precipitator ESP) is equipment, which utilizes an intense electric
force to separate the suspended particle from the flue gases. In India coal is
widely used to generate power. The exhaust gases from the furnace contains
large amount of smoke and dust. If these gases are emitted directly into the
atmosphere, it will cause great environmental problems. So it is necessary to
extract this dust and smoke before emitting the exhaust gases into
atmosphere. There are various methods of extracting dust but electrostatic
precipitator is the most widely used. It involves electric changing of suspended
particles, collection of charge particles and removal of charged particles
from collecting electrodes. Its various other advantages are as follows:
Working Principle:
The electrostatic precipitator utilizes electrostatic forces to separate dust
particles from the gases to be cleaned. The gas is passed through a
chamber, which contains steel plates (vertical) curtains. These steel curtains
divide the chamber into number of parallel paths. The framework is held in
place by four insulators, which insulate it electrically from all parts, which
are grounded. A high voltage direct current is connected between the framework
and the ground, thereby creating strong electric field between the wires in the
framework curtains.
Strong electric field develops near the surface of wire creates Corona
Discharge along the wire. Thus ionized gas produces +(ve) and –(ve) ions.
In the chamber plates are positively charged whereas the wire is negatively
charged. Positive ions are attracted towards the wire whereas the negative ions
are attracted towards the plates. On their way towards the curtains negative
ions strike the dust particles and make them negatively charged. Thus ash is
collected on the steel curtain.
The whole process is divided into the following parts:
1. Corona Generation.
2. Particle Charging.
3. Particle Collection.
4. Particle Removal.
Corona Generation:
Corona is a gas discharge phenomenon associated with the ionization of
gas molecules by electron collision in regions of high electric filed
strength. This process requires non-uniform electric filed, which is
obtained by the use of a small diameter wire as one electrode and a plate
or cylinder as the other electrode. The corona process is initiated by the
presence of electron in strong electric field near the wire. In this region of
corona discharge, there are free electrons and positive ions. Both positive
and negative coronas are used in industrial gas cleaning.
Particle Charging:
There are two physical mechanisms by which gas ions impact charge to
dust particles in the ESP. Particles in an electric fields causes localized
distortion in an electric filed so that electric field lines intersect with the
particles. The ions present in the filed tend to travel in the direction of
maximum voltage gradient, which is along electric field lines. Thus ions will be
intercepted by the dust particles resulting in a net charge flow to the dust
particles.
Particle Collection:
PRECIPITATOR
General Description:
The whole Electrostatic Precipitator is divided into following two parts:
Mechanical System.
Electrical System.
Precipitator Casing:
Precipitator Casing is made of 6mm mild steel plate with required stiffness. The
precipitator casing is all welded construction comprising of pre-
fabricated walls and proof-panels. The roof carries the precipitator
internals, insulator housing, transformer etc. Both emitting and collecting
systems are hung from the top of the casing.
Hoppers:
Hoppers are seized to hold the ash for 8-hour collection and is provided under
the casing of ESP. It is of Pyramidal Shape and is 56 in number. It is
preferred to evacuate the hoppers at the earliest as long storage of dust in
hopper leads to clogging of hopper. Also at the bottom of hopper electrical
heating is provided to avoid any condensation, which could also lead to
clogging of hopper. Baffle plates are provided in each hopper to avoid gas
leakage.
Specifications:
ESP Protections:
A pipe line from ESP which contain the ash in divided in two parts. Use of Dry
ash Evacuation instead of WET deashing System: Dry deashing system
consumers less power & also minimizes waste reduction. The dry ash is directly
transferred by vacuum system at desired place in plant it transfer to nearest
cement factory. It is act as a good source of income for the plant.
The wet ash is transferred to the wet ash handling, in this vacuum created by
water flow. Ash mix with the water and transferred to the ash pump from there
it is drain out from the plant in to the lake. From here it is given to the raw water
storage. The ASH produced in the boiler is transported to ASH dump area by
means of sluicing type hydraulic ASH handling system.
This consists of bottom ash system. Ash water system, fly ash system, ash slurry
system which are explained as follows:
Now the oil is first atomized in the oil guns under the pressure of steam through
nozzles and after atomization, the oil is sprayed at every corner of the furnace
for initial ignition. After this coal received from the mill in pulverized form is
burnt in the furnace. Combustion air is supplied through the forced air fans and
primary air fans. The coal after the combustion gives out the energy, which is
used to heat up water in tubes and convert this water into steam. The flue gases
formed are taken through chimneys with the help of induced fans.
REGENERATIVE SYSTEM:
The condensate and feed water are heated in 8 stages by the non-regulated
extractions from the turbine, comprising of 5 low pressure heaters, a de-aerator
and two high pressure heaters. In addition to this, the entire condensate
flows to de-aerator, through steam jet air ejector, chimney steam condenser
and gland steam condenser.
The first and second stage of regenerative heating is done by two, double low
pressure heaters which are mounted directly in the low pressure casing of the
turbine. In between the 2nd and 3rd stages of heating, the chimney steam and
gland steam condensers are located.
GOVERNING SYSTEM:
The turbine is equipped with Electro Hydraulic governing system backed up
with the hydro mechanical system ensuring stable operation under any grid
fluctuations and load throw off conditions.
The Electro Hydraulic system has a number of advantages not the least, of
which is its high accuracy, high operation speed and sensitivity. It permits
governed run up to the rated speed and allows only a small value of the
temporary speed deviation during a sudden loss of load. The linear power
output/frequency characteristic can be adjusted between closer limits even while
the machine is in operation.
WATER CLARIFIER:
It received impure water from raw water storage. In raw water storage big
suspended particle settle down.
1. Coagulation.
2. Chlorination
In coagulation, Potash alum is added in the water. In this process the file
suspended & colloidal particles are removed from water.
D.M. PLANT:
In the DM Plant the water is D-mineralized. The water is used for steam
generation is must be free from colloidal & dissolved impurities. All the
colloidal impurities are removed in the WATER CLARIFIER. Then the
supplied to the DM Plant.
In the DM Water Ist sent to the Sand filter & rest of the colloidal impurities are
removed.
Sand filter AC filter Cation tank Gas tower Anion tank
Now the water goes to the Activated Carbon filter. Here the excess of the
chlorine is decomposed.
Then water supplied in the cation tank & in this cation (Ca++, Na+ , Mg++) are
removed & water with anion allow to pass ahead.
R-H+ + NaCl R Na + H Cl
HCl is added time to time to improve the conc. Of the cation tank. The process
is known as the Regeneration.
Then it allow to pass from the gas tower which removed the Co2 which
produced during the purification process. Then it pass the Anion tank & all the
anion Cl-, So4-, are removed out. Also regeration done by adding any base
solution , like NaOH etc.
At last it passed in the mixed bed all the minerals present in the water removed
& the water is completely free from minerals.
STEAM CONDITION:
Tri sodium phosphate & ammonia is added to maintain the pH of the water at
specified value. Also another chemical N2H4 to remove the dissolved oxygen
present in the water.
Air Pre-heater:
Regenerative air pre-heaters cause temperature and SO3 stratification in the
downstream gas flow. This problem is more severe in closely coupled
systems, where the precipitator is located closed to the air preheater. Depending
upon site- specific conditions, flow mixing devices may be installed in the
ductwork to the precipitator, or flue gas conditioning systems may be used to
equalize the gas flow characteristics.
Coal Burner:
The operation of coal burners, together with the setting of the coal mills and
their classifiers, affects the percentage of unburned carbon (LOI or UBC) in the
fly ash. The use of Lo-NOx burners increases this percentage, and caused re-
entertainment and increased sparking in the precipitator. Further, the UBC
tends to absorb SO3, which in turn increases the fly ash resistivity. Over-fire air
optimization or coal-reburn systems may reduce UBC in the fly ash.
CHIMNEY:
The gases produced due to burning of coal are comes out from chimney. The
height of chimney is designed with respect to the boiler layout. The temp. is
also maintained in the chimney. It is not more than 120 c. If it more than 120 c,
then boiler will be corrupt..
Fly Ash and Flue Gas Conditioning:
Flue gas and fly ash characteristics at the inlet define precipitator operation.
The combination of flue gas analysis, flue gas temperature and fly ash
chemistry provides the base for fly ash resistivity involves both surface and
volume resistivity. As gas temperature increases, surface conductivity decreases
and volume resistivity increases.
Fly ash resistivity can be modified (generally with the intent to reduce it ) by
injecting one or more of the following upstream of the precipitator.Water
These fans are used to supply the hot air in order to dry powdered coal. To
transport pulverized coal to the furnace the speed of PA fans 1400 rpm and they
supply 83800 m3 per hour. These are installed either side of boiler
Air Heater:
It is an essential part of a thermal power plant as hot air is necessary for rapid
and efficient combustion in the furnace and also for drying coal in the
milling plant. At PTPS tabular type air heater are being used it consists of
large number of steel type welded to the tube plates at the end. Gas is allowed to
flow through the tubes and cold air passes around these tubes and gets heated
up. These air heaters provide primary as well as secondary air.
Secondary Air Cycle:
In this cycle FD FANS suck air from the atmosphere and supply it to the wind
box of the furnace through air heater and regulating dampers. Then it moves to
the furnace as per requirements.
F.D FANS:
These are used to take air from the atmosphere at ambient temp. to supply it to
the furnace for combustion purpose.
Speed is about 990 r.p.m and it handles 203760 m3 of air per hour These are
installed either side of boiler
WIND BOX:
This acts as distributing media for supplying secondary and excess air to
combustion chamber. These are generally located at right and left side of
the furnace while facing the chimney.
INDUCED DRAFT FANS (ID FANS):
These are used to suck the flues gases from the furnace and through it
into the stack so as to dispose them off into the atmosphere. It handles
flash laden gases at a temp. Of 125 to 200degrees.
Its speed is around 970 rpm and it handles 453600 m3 of air per hour.
These are installed at the outlet of electrostatic precipitator.
CONCLUSION:
This training focused upon increasing our knowledge and interest in toward the
Production of Electricity using Coal as a primary source/fuel. Because
Electricity is most efficient and necessary needs to peoples in these days so
its production at most efficient method with minimum cost and in proper
sequence with less wastage. I learnt how to produce it by turbine,
generators, water and maintain it. It was a great experience. It increase my
practical skills that’s the main thing which i learnt in the training session. Thus,
I believe that my training session will be beneficial for various purposes &
hence our efforts will be fruitful.