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    Antidote

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    Ankush Bhushan
    An antidote is a substance that can counteract the effects of poisoning. Some antidotes are manufactured by injecting small doses of toxins into animals and extracting the resulting antibodies to create an antivenom. However, some toxins like aconite poison have no known antidote. Common approaches to treating poisoning include administering activated charcoal to absorb ingested toxins or using a constriction band to slow the spread of injected poisons like from venomous bites. A list of specific antidotes is also provided for various toxic agents.

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    Antidote

    Uploaded by

    Ankush Bhushan
    159 views3 pages
    An antidote is a substance that can counteract the effects of poisoning. Some antidotes are manufactured by injecting small doses of toxins into animals and extracting the resulting antibodies to create an antivenom. However, some toxins like aconite poison have no known antidote. Common approaches to treating poisoning include administering activated charcoal to absorb ingested toxins or using a constriction band to slow the spread of injected poisons like from venomous bites. A list of specific antidotes is also provided for various toxic agents.

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    An antidote is a substance that can counteract the effects of poisoning. Some antidotes are manufactured by injecting small doses of toxins into animals and extracting the resulting antibodies to create an antivenom. However, some toxins like aconite poison have no known antidote. Common approaches to treating poisoning include administering activated charcoal to absorb ingested toxins or using a constriction band to slow the spread of injected poisons like from venomous bites. A list of specific antidotes is also provided for various toxic agents.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    159 views3 pages

    Antidote

    Uploaded by

    Ankush Bhushan
    An antidote is a substance that can counteract the effects of poisoning. Some antidotes are manufactured by injecting small doses of toxins into animals and extracting the resulting antibodies to create an antivenom. However, some toxins like aconite poison have no known antidote. Common approaches to treating poisoning include administering activated charcoal to absorb ingested toxins or using a constriction band to slow the spread of injected poisons like from venomous bites. A list of specific antidotes is also provided for various toxic agents.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Antidote

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


    For other uses, see Antidote (disambiguation).
    This article needs additional citations for verification.
    Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may
    be challenged andremoved. (January 2010)

    An antidote is a substance which can counteract a form of poisoning.[1] The term ultimately derives
    from the Greek αντιδιδοναιantididonai, "given against".

    The antidotes for some particular toxins are manufactured by injecting the toxin into an animal in small
    doses and extracting the resulting antibodies from the host animals' blood. This results in
    an antivenom that can be used to counteract poison produced by certain species of snakes, spiders,
    and other venomous animals. A number of venoms lack a viable antivenom, and a bite or sting from
    an animal producing such a toxin often results in death. Some animal venoms, especially those
    produced by arthropods (e.g. certainspiders, scorpions, bees, etc.) are only potentially lethal when
    they provoke allergic reactions and induce anaphylactic shock; as such, there is no "antidote" for these
    venoms because it is not a form of poisoning and anaphylactic shock can be treated (e.g., by the use
    ofepinephrine).

    Some other toxins have no known antidote. For example, the poison aconitine, a highly
    poisonous alkaloid derived from various aconite species has no antidote, and as a result is often fatal if
    it enters the human body in sufficient quantities.

    Contents
    [hide]

    • 1 Mechanical approaches

    • 2 List of antidotes

    • 3 References

    • 4 See also

    [edit]Mechanical approaches
    Ingested poisons are frequently treated by the oral administration of activated charcoal,
    which absorbs the poison and flushes it from the digestive tract, thereby removing a large part of the
    toxin.A remedy:

    Poisons which are injected into the body (such as those from bites or stings from venomous animals)
    are usually treated by the use of a constriction band which limits the flow of lymph and/or blood to the
    area, thus slowing circulation of the poison around the body. This should not be confused with use of
    a tourniquet which cuts off blood flow completely - often leading to the loss of the limb.

    [edit]List of antidotes
    Agent Indication
    Activated charcoal with sorbital used for many oral toxins
    organophosphate and carbamate insecticides,
    Atropine
    some mushrooms
    Beta Blocker theophylline
    calcium channel blockers, black widow
    Calcium chloride
    spiderbites
    Calcium gluconate hydrofluoric acid
    Chelators such
    as EDTA, dimercaprol (BAL), penicillamine, and 2,3- heavy metal poisoning
    dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA, succimer)
    Cyanide antidote(amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite,
    cyanide poisoning
    or thiosulfate)
    Cyproheptadine serotonin syndrome
    Deferoxamine mesylate Iron poisoning
    Digoxin Immune Fab antibody (Digibind and Digifab) digoxin poisoning
    Diphenhydramine hydrochloride and benztropine Extrapyramidal reactions associated
    mesylate withantipsychotic
    ethylene glycol poisoning
    Ethanol or fomepizole
    and methanolpoisoning
    Flumazenil benzodiazepine poisoning
    beta blocker poisoning and calcium channel
    Glucagon
    blocker poisoning
    carbon monoxide poisoning
    100% oxygen or hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT)
    and cyanidepoisoning
    beta blocker poisoning and calcium channel
    Insulin
    blocker poisoning
    Leucovorin methotrexate and trimethoprim
    treatment of conditions that
    Methylene blue
    causemethemoglobinemia
    Naloxone hydrochloride opioid poisoning
    N-acetylcysteine Paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning
    Octreotide oral hypoglycemic agents
    Pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM) organophosphate insecticides
    Protamine sulfate Heparin poisoning
    Prussian blue Thallium poisoning
    Physostigmine sulfate anticholinergic poisoning
    Pyridoxine Isoniazid poisoning, ethylene glycol
    Phytomenadione(vitamin K) and fresh frozen plasma warfarin poisoning and indanedione
    Sodium bicarbonate ASA, TCAs with a wide QRS

    [edit]References

    1. ^ antidote at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

    [edit]See also

    Look
    up antidote in Wiktionary,
    the free dictionary.

     snakebite

     tourniquet

     Universal antidote

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