SFL/METU

DBE Spring, 2019

Weekend Homework for Span 3, Week 2 (LLINT 7 & 8/PW4 U2CH 8)

PRE-INTERMEDIATE GROUP
(Instructor’s Copy)

PART A. VOCABULARY

EXERCISE 1. Complete the following sentences with the words below. There are EXTRA WORDS.

raise hug medical exposed reduce

set emotional key independent beneficial

1. Having a balanced diet is a/an key to good health.

2. Learning a foreign language is easier in a country where that language is spoken because you are
exposed to the language all the time.
3. When I was a kid, the best solution to all my problems was a/an hug from my mother. It always
made me feel better.
4. If you want to reduce the amount of stress in your life, stay away from negative people!
5. Our manager has prepared a/an set of questions for the job interview.
6. You can try putting some lemon or cinnamon in your drinking water since it is beneficial for the
digestion system.
7. If you want to raise thoughtful children, you should be such a person to set an example for them.
8. I do not like to get orders from the people around me since I am a/an independent person.

EXERCISE 2. Complete each sentence with one of the phrases in the box.
value your staff break the law make a loss hire new run the company launch the new
personnel model
pay low wages charge high negotiate a good fire someone invest in the local make a profit
prices contract community

1. Before you start to charge high prices, find out about your competitor’s prices. They may be a lot
lower.
2. In the first year, you need to be prepared to make a loss as you will have many costs.
3. You should value your staff because your workers are important for your business.
4. Once you are established, try to invest in the local community. This will give you plenty of good
publicity and a feeling of helping people.
5. It is always a bad idea to break the law as the government will find out in the end.
6. You could pay low wages, but this might mean that you will lose staff.
7. Don’t expect to make a profit right from the start. It may be two or three years before you see any
real financial reward.
8. Using the internet, I can virtually run the company from my home.

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9. The next conference in Kazakhistan will be a good moment to launch the new model.

10. After six hourse in the meeting, we finally managed to negotiate a good contract.

EXERCISE 3. Fill in each gap in the following text using the correct form of the word given in
parentheses.
Jonathan Paul Ive is a British designer and the vice president of industrial design at Apple Inc., which
is the largest (1) MANUFACTURER (manufacture) of portable electronic devices. He is the lead
designer of many of Apple's products, including the iMac, iPod, iPhone, and iPad. For some people, he
is the (2) ARTIST (art) that designs the best products of the century while some think that he has
made the biggest (3) SCIENTIFIC (science) breakthrough of the last hundred years. Although people
think Ive is the conceptual mind behind many of Apple's products, which are considered much more
(4) FUTURISTIC (future) compared to other electronic devices, he says his co-workers are
extraordinarily (5) PRODUCTIVE (produce)and (6) INNOVATIVE (innovate), and they help him a lot.
What they pay attention to while designing a new product is usually the appearance as well as the
function of the object. They try to make the device as (7) STYLISH (style) as possible so that it can
attract customers. They also try to make it (8) STREAMLINED (streamline) so that it can be smooth
and easy to carry. Moreover, they avoid designing products with complicated properties in order to
make them (9) USER (use)-friendly. Ive says that it is great to see how people appreciate his
designs but he won’t stop – there is still room for further (10) DEVELOPMENTS (develop) in
electronics.

EXERCISE 4. Complete the table below with the correct forms of the words.

Verb Noun (concept) Noun (person)

manage (1) management (2) manager
(3) manufacture manufacturing (4) manufacturer
influence (5) influencial (6) influencer
(7) employ (8) employment employer
advertise (9) advertising (10) advertiser
(11) advertisement
(12) advert
(13) supply (14) supply supplier

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 PART B. LANGUAGE

EXERCISE 1. Choose the correct alternative modal verb for the following blanks.

1. This picture _________ be by Picasso as I remember seeing it in another exhibition.

a) should b) must c) might

2. A: What are you looking for Lisa?

B: I think I’ve lost my car key. I’m not sure but it __________ be somewhere in this room.
a) may b) should c) must

3. I am not from this city, but I’ve heard that transportation is good here. Therefore, it __________
take us much time to arrive at the airport. Don’t panic!
a) can’t b) doesn’t have to c) shouldn’t

4. You are not allowed to use your camera in this hall. That is, you __________ take any videos or
pictures.
a) shouldn’t b) don’t need to c) mustn’t

5. This watch is not water-proof. I _______ wear it while swimming.

a) can’t b) may not c) couldn’t

6. There is still an hour for our flight, so we __________ rush.

a) can’t b) mustn’t c) don’t have to

7. The guy in front of us _________ be George. I’m sure he is abroad for the whole week.
a) shouldn’t b) can’t c) may not

EXERCISE 2. Fill in each blank with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses. DO NOT USE MODALS.

The Palm Islands, the world’s biggest artificial islands in Dubai, are a
great example of the Modern Engineering’s success. The project (1)
consists (consist) of two islands: Palm Jumeirah and Palm Jebel Ali. The
islands (2) are located (locate) in the Persian Gulf near Dubai, UAE.
They started building them 14 years ago, and since then, only Palm
Jumeirah (3) has been completed (complete). The island looks like a palm tree, and Palm Jebel Ali will
look the same. To make the islands, huge amount of sand (4) was taken (take) from the Gulf in 2011.
When both of the islands (5a) are completed (complete), there (5b) will be (be) a lot of residential and
entertainment centers. Also, a total of 520 kilometers of non-public beaches (6) will be added (add) to
the city of Dubai, and this is expected to bring a lot of tourists into the area.
In addition to the Palm Islands, there is also the unfinished project of “The World” or “World Islands”.
The World Islands (7) are (be) a collection of 300 man-made islands which are shaped into the

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continents of the world. After the project (8a) began , it (8b) was stopped (stop) in 2008 due to the
global financial crisis. By the end of the 2009, 70 percent of the islands (9) were sold/had been (sell) to
private building companies. However, the production on most of these islands couldn’t start. One of the
islands, the Lebanon Island, was bought by a businessman named Ravi Raman, and he (10) uses/ is using
(use) the island for his private events and parties today.
Recently, there (11) have been (be) a lot of arguments about the safety of the project. Scientists claim
that the islands are sinking. An independent transportation company that worked for the Nakheel
Properties, Penguin Marine, also showed serious concern about the erosion of the islands. In February
2010, the Daily Mail newspaper revealed that the islands (12) were sinking (sink) into the sea day by
day, which was later denied by Nakheel Properties. They (13) took (take) Penguin Marine to court, and
won. Nowadays, Penguin Marine (14) is having (have) financial problems. One of the main reasons for
this is the excessive amount of annual fees that they have to pay to Nakheel Properties, which is about
$1.5 million.

EXERCISE 3. Rewrite and combine the sentences by using the given prompts.

1. Coffee was introduced to Europe in the 17th century, but it was a popular drink in Asia in the 15th
century.
When coffee was introduced to Europe in the 17th century, it had already been a popular drink in
Asia for two centuries.
(already)

2. Before you came home, I prepared the meal.

I had prepared the meal by the time you came home.
(by the time)

3. A car accident happened in front of our café. I was serving my customers at the same time.
While I was serving my customers, a car accident happened in front of our café.
(while)

4. I saw Mary today. She was walking down the street in a hurry.
When I saw Mary today, she was walking down the street in a hurry.
(when)

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 PART C. READING

Read the text below and answer the questions.

1 Although, for the modern day society, dreams do not seem very important, throughout the ages,
dreams and dreaming have had extreme importance for many different cultures. Native Americans
viewed dreams as portals to the spiritual world, paths to predictions and expeditions. The
Aborigines believe that the world began with dreams, and they tell this in their stories. Today,
dreams have lost their importance because we do not put much emphasis on them. Most of the
time, people think that they do not dream. This is not true: Everyone dreams, but some people just
do not remember it.
2 When people sleep, the body relaxes and the mind goes into the dream state. In the dream state,
the central nervous system becomes very active, the heart beats faster, and the brain waves
change. The person becomes very alert. Although the reasons for dreams are still unknown to us, it
is clear that we know what happens to us physically when we dream. What is also known is that
when they are dreaming, people usually do not know that they are dreaming. To them, their
dream is actually very real since the events in the dream feel very much real. They are full of
actions and emotions. Most of the time, dreams cause a feeling of ambiguity. When they wake up,
people often feel uncertain, and they wonder what their dream meant and they try to understand.
However, not all dreams are like this. There are also those in which we get a sense of clarity, or
clearness, and they are called lucid dreams.
3 Even though it has been a topic of interest since the late 1960s, lucid dreaming is not another new
trend brought by the New Age. In fact, philosopher Aristotle, who lived between 384 and 322 BC
(Before Christ) in ancient Greece, is considered to be the first man who wrote about lucid
dreaming. After his observations on dreams, he stated that the conscious brain did not seem to
sleep when a person was sleeping, and that the brain knew it when the person was dreaming. He
did not call this state lucid dream state because he was not the founder of the term. It was a Dutch
psychiatrist named Frederik van Eeden, who came up with it in 1913.
4 The main difference between normal dreams and lucid dreams is that in a lucid dream, we know
that we are dreaming. There is a moment of clarity where we realize that we are not actually doing
the things and we are not in the real world. By becoming aware of our dream, we take control of
everything. For example, in your dream, you see yourself having dinner with Marilyn Monroe at a
very expensive restaurant. It feels quite real; however, the moment you realize that it is impossible
to have dinner with Marilyn Monroe because she is dead, your dream becomes lucid. In other
words, it becomes clear to you that you are in fact dreaming. After that, what you do in your dream
depends on what you want to do. You can continue having dinner with Marilyn Monroe or you can
leave the restaurant. You can change Marilyn into Justin Bieber, or even change the restaurant into
a concert if you like. You can start with one dream and end up in a completely different dream. It
sounds quite fantastic, doesn’t it?
5 There are some people who have the natural skill to control their dreams. While dreaming, these
people can change the events as they are happening if they do not like them. For them, dreams
become more like an adventure. For those who are not natural lucid dreamers, the skill can be
learned through practicing. It is not an easy skill to acquire; it takes effort and concentration.
Tibetan Buddhists have been practicing a form of lucid dreaming for hundreds of years. Buddhism,
founded in 500 BC, involves practicing dream yoga. Through dream yoga, they look into their
consciousness and come to a constant state of awareness. A big part of the belief system of

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Buddhism is recognizing the world as it is, free from illusion. On the other hand, a lucid dreamer
recognizes the dream world for what it is – a dream. As you are dreaming, you travel within your
own mind, making discoveries about who you are, how you think and the barriers your mind puts
in the way of achieving clarity.

1. The author mentions Native Americans and the Aborigines in paragraph 1 in order to
_____________.

a) illustrate the importance of dreams in different cultures

b) compare the role of dreams in two different ancient societies
c) discuss how dreams and beliefs developed in different cultures

2. All of the following happens in the dream state EXCEPT .

a) the body relaxes and the brain waves change

b) the central nervous system becomes very active
c) the person becomes aware that he is dreaming

3. In paragraph 2, ambiguity means___________.

a) clarity
b) doubt
c) empathy
4. Find the word in paragraph 2 that means ‘entries/gates’: portals
5. In paragraph 2, those refers to .

a) dreams
b) events
c) emotions

6. Paragraph 3 is mainly about_____________.

a) the role of lucid dreams in the works philosophers

b) the historical background of lucid dreaming
c) the findings of Fredrick van Eden on lucid dreaming

7. When you are having a lucid dream, you CANNOT .

a) end up in a new dream

b) change your dream if you like
c) control your dream

8. A person needs in order to have lucid dreams.

a) to have a natural ability

b) to do a lot of practice
c) to do dream yoga

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PART D. WRITING

“What are the advantages of having a driver’s license for university students?”
In a paragraph of about 150 words, talk about TWO advantages of having a driver’s license.