Scribd
Upload
44 views

Bahan JPPDAS

This document provides background information on flooding in the Tayu watershed area of Central Java, Indonesia. It discusses the location and characteristics of the watershed. The document outlines the methodology used in the study, including collecting spatial, hydrological, and additional data. Hydrological analysis was conducted to calculate flood recurrence intervals using rainfall data and the rational method formula. Flood risk was assessed by analyzing the probability of flooding and the vulnerability of the area. The overall goal is to better understand flood hazards and management strategies in the watershed.

Uploaded by

Ghefra RG
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
44 views

Bahan JPPDAS

This document provides background information on flooding in the Tayu watershed area of Central Java, Indonesia. It discusses the location and characteristics of the watershed. The document outlines the methodology used in the study, including collecting spatial, hydrological, and additional data. Hydrological analysis was conducted to calculate flood recurrence intervals using rainfall data and the rational method formula. Flood risk was assessed by analyzing the probability of flooding and the vulnerability of the area. The overall goal is to better understand flood hazards and management strategies in the watershed.

Uploaded by

Ghefra RG
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

INTRODUCTION

Flooding as a natural disaster would be a problem if it occurs on residential areas or


agriculture land. The characteristic of flood in each area is different in each duration, intensity, and
frequency.
Geographically, Tayu watershed is located in the northern part of Central Java, which crosses
to districts ranging from district Pati to district Jepara. Precisely this watershed located at coordinate
between 110054’24’’ – 111004’49’’ east longitude and between 6031’17’’ – 6037’31’’ south latitude.
When speaking of the risk situation, some complex concepts appear. Analyzing this intuitive
risk comprehension, one assumes that the risk can be analyzed by breaking it up into two independent
components; one based on the socioeconomic perception and the other depending on the hydrologic
and hydraulic knowledge of the hydrological regime.
In conclusion, flooding is the main disaster problem that need handled accurately in XXX, so
it is important to study the holistic approach in the risk assessment to determined flood risk
management accurately.
This research purpose of this study are comprised into some objectives, there are:
1. Plotting the rainfall network especially for ARR (Automatic Rainfall Recorder).
2. Plotting the position of AWLR (Automatic Water Level Recorder).
3. Evaluate the potential flood hazard using rational formula.
 To construct flood modeling in XXX using GIS.
 To present consideration of flood management strategies for planning purposes at the
study area.

PROFILE AREA
Tayu watershed is part of the SWP Gandu SuWaduk watershed management unit. Tayu
watershed have total area about 19.204,45 ha or 0.5657% of the entire BPDAS Pemali Jratun region.
Tayu watershed has a circumference of 53.04 km. Geographically, Tayu watershed is located in the
northern part of Central Java, which crosses to districts ranging from district Pati to district Jepara.
Precisely this watershed located at coordinate between 110 054’24’’ – 111004’49’’ east longitude and
between 6031’17’’ – 6037’31’’ south latitude.
Soil types in Tayu Watershed include loam, sandy-loam, and sand. Sandy-loam soil
type has the greatest area that is equal to 6.436 Ha or about 67,26 %. More can be seen in the
following table:
Table Type of Soil in Tayu Watershed
Texture Hectare
Loam 310,494
Sandy-Loam 6436,117
Sand 2821,778

Figure Soil Mapping in Tayu Watershed Area

There are ten classification of land use in Tayu Watershed area which is dominated by
irigation farm (2.081,78 Ha) dan garden (1.148 Ha).
Table Land Use Classification in Tayu Watershed
No. Land Use Hectare
1. Sea/Estuary 33,83
2. River 92,23
3. Bush 326,95
4. Forest 1148,61
5. Garden 1264,20
6. Irigation Farm 2081,78
7. Moor 1368,14
8. Pond 608,89
9. Rainfed 1359,63
10. Shelter 1312,28
Figure Land Use Mapping in Tayu Watershed Area

Some areas in Pati regency are susceptible to flood hazard due to the overflow of the Tayu
watershed. Cause of inundation due to the physical condition of lines that are not functioning properly
so it cannot accommodate the flood discharge. According to Smitch and Ferguson, Tayu watershed
climate categorized into type B and C. The lowest rainfall is 1000 mm and the highest reach up to
3000 mm per year. Dry month lasts for 0-7 months and wet months between 2-12 months. The lowest
temperatures of Tayu watershed are at 130 C and the highest reach 330 C.
There are four class of Tayu Watershed Slope, which is shown in the table below:
Table Slope Class in Tayu Watershed
Slope Hectare
0-1 1.916,33
1-10 4.559,31
10-20 1.913,25
20< 1.213,33
Figure Slope Mapping in Tayu Watershed Area

METHODOLOGY

A. Data Collection
The data used in this research comprised into three part data, there are:
 Spatial data: topographic, administration, slope, watershed boundary.
 Hydrological data: rainfall data (XX rain gauge station) recorded from 1981-2008, river
geometry data.
 Additional data: profile of study area, others related information of study area.

B. Data Analysis Method


This study comprised in three phases of analysis.
1. Hydrological Analysis
In this study, hydrological analysis is used to calculate flood recurrence interval, and then the
result of its analysis will be applied into hydraulic analysis in HEC RAS running system.
Hydrology analysis is meant to obtain the flood frequency estimates, which is presented as
flood hydrographs with return periods, for example 5, 10, 25, and 100 years (Kusumastuti,
2009). Hydrology analysis consist of rainfall data collection, rainfall data analysis, and
Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH).
Figure Step of hydrological analysis

 Estimating the Rate of Peak Flow


Method to estimate the flow peaks surface rate that commonly used is USSCS Rational
method. This method is very simple and easy to use limited to watershed with size less than
300 hectares (Goldman et al, 1986).

 Water Discharge Calculation with Rational Method


The data for determination of flood discharge in this study is rainfall data. Rainfall data is one
of the few data that can be used to estimate the magnitude of flood discharge with rational
equation:
Q = 0.002778 . C . I . A
Q = flow rate (discharge) peak (m3/second)
C = coefficient of runoff surface (0 ≤ C ≤ 1)
I = Intensity of rainfall (mm/hours)
A = Watershed area (ha)
Surface flow coefficient (C), the coefficient C is defined as the ratio between peak runoff to
rainfall intensity. The cost C was determined by the method of Hassing (1995):
Table Flow coefficient for the rational method (Hassing, 1995)

Runoff coefficient C = Ct + Cs + Cv
Topography, Ct Soil, Cs Vegetation, Cv
Flat (1%) 0.03 Sand and gravel 0.04 Forest 0.04
Undulating 0.08 Sandy clay 0.08 Agriculture 0.11
(1-10%)
Hills (10-20%) 0.16 Clay and silt 0.16 Grassland 0.21
Mountain (>20%) 0.26 Stone layer 0.26 No vegetation 0.28

The intensity of rain is high or depth of water per unit time. The nature of rain is more short
the lasting of rain more high the intensity and the greater repeated periods, the higher the
intensity. Intensity rain can be calculated by Mononobe formula:

I = rainfall intensity (mm/hours)


T = the length of the rain (hour)

R24 = daily rainfall maximum (24hours) (mm)

tc = concentration of time (hours)


L = line length (km)
S = the average slope of the line
In areas with flat topography slope of the average of 0.020 lines adapted to the topography of
the flat area.

2. Flood Risk Assessment


The hazard takes into account the probability associated to flood events as well as their main
physical characteristics, flow velocity and flood depth. The vulnerability refers mainly to the
flood prone area characteristics related to the potential of damage and to the local recovery
capacity. Disaster is outcome from combination of hazard and vulnerability (Concado et al,
2008).

RESULT
Calculation of rain and flood draft

You might also like